Transportation of goods and passengers by truck. Transportation of people by truck

It is necessary to transport people in a car according to the rules traffic, and not the principle of "as much as you like."

The penalty for overloading the car in 2018 has not been canceled, so every driver must take into account the current legislation.

How many people can be transported in a car?

We are talking about a passenger car, where the number of allowed passengers is limited to the number seats. Paragraph 22.8 of the SDA indicates that people cannot be transported in excess of the number provided for by the technical characteristics of the vehicle. It turns out that if there are five seats in the car along with the driver's seat, then the sixth and subsequent passengers will have to.

But another question arises - does this rule apply to the transportation of children, because four children can fit in the rear three seats? This will be considered a violation, since the law spells out the rule for the transportation of people as a whole, without separation by sex and age. All the details about the rules for transporting children in the car.

To understand how many people can be transported in a particular car, you need to refer to the technical specifications. If it is indicated there that the car is five-seater, then only four people are allowed (the fifth seat for the driver).

Another important point. Passengers can only be carried in the passenger compartment. Thrill-seekers who love trips on the roof and in the trunk will be fined.

seat belt requirements

An important point - ALL passengers in the car must be fastened seat belts, and children under 12 years old are placed in special devices. If design features Since the machine is provided with only four belts, only four people are allowed to be transported.

Exceptions are vehicles that do not provide for the installation of seat belts on rear seats manufacturer. However, since 2012 there has been a rule requiring drivers to purchase and install belts regardless of design. Given this rule, one can answer main question- You can carry as many people in a car as there are seat belts installed. If at least one person is not fastened, the driver.

Amount of fines

And now about the financial component. Violation can be regarded under four articles of the Code of Administrative Offenses:

• Article 12.23 - for each extra passenger a fine of 500 rubles.
• Article 12.6 - for each unfastened person: 1000 rubles.
• Article 12.23 - for the carriage of a passenger outside the cabin: 1000 rubles.

Article 12.29 - the passenger will have to pay a fine of 500 rubles if he is not wearing his seatbelt seat belt. The sanction may be replaced by a written warning. The punishment assigned to the passenger does not cancel the sanctions against the driver.

If the driver violates the rules for transporting children (for example, a child rides on an adult’s lap), you will have to pay 3,000 rubles.

Changes in 2018

The responsibility of the driver for violation of the rules for the transportation of people in 2018 became tougher. There are two new rules:

1. The fine for violating the rules of overloading will have to be paid by the driver himself. Previously, sanctions were imposed on the driver and offending passengers.
2. Fines can be cumulative. Previously, for a double violation, the driver paid only one, the largest fine.

Regarding the second point. In a situation where the driver of a five-seater car is carrying a sixth passenger on the roof, who is also unfastened and under the age of 12, you will have to pay for all 4 violations in the amount of 5,500 rubles. Of course, such a situation is unlikely, but the traffic police inspectors have repeatedly recorded double violations, for which the driver also had to pay twice.

Let's summarize. It is allowed to carry as many people in a passenger car as it is stipulated technical features vehicle, but not more than the number of seat belts. For violation - a fine of 500 rubles for each extra passenger and 1,000 rubles for each unfastened person.

To date, the transportation of passengers is regulated by the Rules of the road. Russian Federation as last modified on November 8, 2017. Chapter 22 of the SDA is devoted to this section. When transporting people, the main direction of ensuring road safety is to create conditions for the safety of the lives of road users (DD).

There are situations when the movement of citizens in the body part is used. It is important to take into account that vehicle(TC) at the same time must be equipped appropriately and in without fail respected traffic regulations. And this leads to a number of questions: how to equip a truck for transporting people, what category of drivers are allowed to make such trips, is it possible for children to travel in this way.

Is it possible to transport people in the back of a truck

Although traveling in a truck is quite inconvenient, large enterprises and companies today widely use this method. Often logisticians or forwarders move this way, as their duties include escorting consignments and monitoring their integrity and safety. Trucks are also used when moving or when you need to move a large group from one point to another very quickly.

According to the current legislation and traffic rules transportation people in the back of a truck is legal if all established rules and regulations are observed. In particular, the vehicle must be adapted for this purpose, it is necessary to have specially equipped passenger seats. Also, special requirements are imposed on the driver, the behavior of the transported themselves, and towing.

Children on the road deserve special attention. Even if the vehicle is properly equipped and all the requirements specified in legislative acts and documents, children cannot be in the body part of the car. Last changes in the SDA regarding child passengers were introduced in July of this year. A prerequisite now is the availability of specialized child restraints.

It is only permitted to transport a child in the cab of a truck using child car seats.

If, after reading this article, you take necessary measures, install high fences, mount reliable chairs, you will not be fined. However, if during transportation passengers are outside the cabin or the vehicle itself (they can move in the compartment for large items or in a wheelchair), it is considered illegal. Under these conditions, it is illegal to transport people in a van of a truck and the driver is charged under article 12 current Rules traffic in Russia. The amount of penalties depends on a number of factors, which we will also discuss below.

Driver Requirements

According to the updated traffic rules of our country, which came into force on July 25 this year with changes from November 8, not all categories of drivers are allowed to deliver people in the back of a truck:

• If the number of transported is less than eight people (this number includes people in the cab) - the driver must have a category "C" license.
• If the number is more than 8 people, but does not exceed 16 (including people in the cab), the motorist must have a license of category "D1", "C1", "C". In addition, the document must contain a mark, which is a confirmation that the driver really has the right to drive a vehicle of type "D" or subtype "D1".
• If this large group, more than 16 people, the rules for the carriage of passengers in truck establish that the certificate must be category "D". At the same time, the document must contain a mark that it has the right to drive a type “D” vehicle.

In addition to the category, the requirements are also imposed on the experience of driving a car: at least three years. This item is carefully controlled in order to protect participants in the DD from accidents, traffic accidents, unforeseen situations, and so on.

Please note that the rules for transporting people in the back or sleeping bag of a truck allow military drivers to transport passengers. Admission is carried out in a specially established manner.

Vehicle equipment rules

One of the fundamental points of the current traffic rules is the following: teams can only move in those vehicles that are specially equipped accordingly. The provision follows from the safety standards, it also applies to intra-body delivery. If the truck is equipped as follows, it is allowed to transport:

• Available special seats or benches. They are securely fixed and mounted at a height of 30 cm - 0.5 m from the floor.
• It is mandatory to have a specialized communication button, which can be replaced with an audible alarm. This is required so that when people are transported in the cab of a truck, they can contact the driver and demand a stop.
• It is mandatory to have a special onboard platform, the height of which must be at least 0.3 m from the seat line.
• An awning should be installed to protect from rain and the scorching sun.
• Between installed chairs there must be a distance that is at least 0.6 m.
• There should be lighting under the stretched awning. For maximum safety and convenience, there should be light inside the body.
• Seats and sides must not have sharp or protruding parts that could injure or hurt.
• Embarkation and disembarkation is carried out by stairs. It is installed on the rear side, on the right, in order to ensure convenience.
• The rules for transporting people in a truck establish that constipation on the sides must be closed. Also, constipation must be fixed to prevent the possibility of accidents and openings during movement.
• Inside there should be a first aid kit and a fire extinguisher (its volume is at least two liters).

Rules of transportation and behavior of passengers

Before the group sits down, the driver himself or the person responsible for the body explains how to behave during the movement of the vehicle. Be sure to conduct a detailed briefing regarding the rules for occupying places, disembarking and landing. People sit down and disembark after a complete stop of the vehicle, from the sidewalk. Any movements inside during movement are prohibited, after a complete stop, movements are allowed upon receipt of the permission of the person in charge. According to the traffic rules, the transportation of children in a truck in civilian mode is strictly prohibited.

The rules for transporting people in a truck establish a number of restrictions that passengers themselves must comply with:

• It is forbidden to carry piercing and cutting objects and tools with you if they are in open boxes or do not have covers.
• When the vehicle is moving, citizens should not get up, lean against the walls, bend over the walls or sit on them.

If the vehicle has a body part and an onboard platform, but they are not properly equipped for the transportation of the population, it can only be used to move a strictly established category. These are citizens who are responsible for escorting the cargo, as well as employees who go for the goods, which will then be delivered to these truck. However, they also require specialized equipment: there must be a seat 15 cm below the board line.

Towing

The next pertinent question is: is it legal to carry children in the back of a truck or adult passengers while being towed? Based on the current legislation, paragraph 2 of Article 20 of the SDA, when towing a car, people should not be inside it. When the vehicle is pulled by a hitch (flexible or rigid), the citizens in it must leave the car. It is allowed to stay inside the towing motor vehicle. If a partial manipulation is performed, the vehicles must not be in any of the vehicles.

Responsibility for violation of transportation rules

When transporting people in the back of a truck, a fine is imposed if violations are detected. This authorization is given to ensure maximum level the safety of passengers, drivers, pedestrians, because the road is a particularly dangerous area. If you go on the road in vehicles that are not adapted for this purpose, the level of danger increases significantly.

This year, according to the Code of administrative offenses, for improper transportation of people in the body of the truck, fines are provided in the amount of:

• If the vehicle is not properly equipped: the driver must pay a fine of 1-3 thousand rubles.
• If the driver does not have the required category: for a legal entity penalty is 100 thousand, and the official pays 20 thousand rubles.
• If there are more passengers inside the body than the seats provided for this, the amount of the fine starts from 500 rubles and more.

Administrative offenses also include violations of the medical examination of the driver and the technical inspection of the vehicle before or after the flight.

Allowed to carry children front seat truck, in a special child car seat. In its absence, the child must be restrained by seat belts and other special equipment adapted for this purpose.

Thus, before proceeding with the movement of people, whether they are employees of the enterprise or tourists who are thirsty for new extreme sensations, the driver must check the condition of the vehicle and answer the following questions:

• Is there the necessary equipment for this, are all conditions created for the comfort and convenience of passengers.
• Whether the identity category matches the required one.
• Whether briefing has been carried out and whether people are aware of the rules of conduct.
• If children are being transported, are there special equipment on the seat in the cab.

If all answers are yes, you can hit the road, there are no restrictions on transportation. Do not neglect any of the above points, because lives are at stake.

According to the Rules of the Road, the carriage of more passengers in the cabin than the dimensions of the vehicle allow is unacceptable. So, the number of people in one car should not exceed the number of seats. To date, the fine for carrying an extra passenger is 500 rubles.

At the same time, as a rule, if the passenger compartment of the car rides large quantity people than is allowed, there is not enough seat belt for someone. And this, in turn, is another violation of traffic rules, which also involves a fine. When unfastened belt a fine is charged either from the driver of the car (in the amount of 1,000 rubles), or as a warning from the passenger himself (in the amount of 500 rubles). It turns out that for the transportation of an extra passenger you will have to pay from 1,000 to 1,500 rubles.

It is also worth noting that if the traffic police detects a person who is outside the passenger compartment while the car is moving, but rides in the trunk, on the roof or on the hood (which is quite common among extreme sports enthusiasts), a fine of 1,000 rubles will be issued. Accordingly, if we are talking about the transportation of an extra passenger outside the car, the penalty will be increased taking into account the incorrect location of the person while driving.

Of course, such sanctions do not apply to trucks that are designed to transport people in the back, as well as vans, cargo motorcycles and trailers. At the same time, the presence of an extra passenger will be recorded in case of a discrepancy between the number of people transported and the technical characteristics of this vehicle model.

Features of the new fines

Unlike the previous rules, the current amendments, which appeared in the section "On the transportation of people", made a number of changes.

1. If earlier sanctions were applied to the passengers themselves (in case of violation of traffic rules), today the driver of the vehicle pays the fine for driving with any violations.
2. Now, when making a whole series traffic violations All sanctions are summed up, determining the final penalty. In past years, such situations were usually resolved by paying the most expensive fine. For example, if the largest fine of several parallel violations is 2,000 rubles, then until this year general fine would have amounted to only 2,000 rubles. Today it is 2,000 rubles plus fines for other violations.

Thus, if today inspectors stop a five-seater passenger car on the road, on the hood of which a sixth passenger will sit, and besides, he will not be fastened, the driver of this vehicle will have to pay a double fine. Of course, such a situation may seem unrealistic, but such precedents have already been recorded by traffic police inspectors.

Those who do not agree with the new fines in 2018-2019

Why exactly follow the rules of the road? Each paragraph of the rules is written to perform two main tasks:

• ensuring the safety of each passenger during transportation;
• replenishment of the state budget by collecting penalties from offenders;
• disciplinary function (to be discourteous).

For violation of the rules for transporting passengers, the driver faces a fine of 500 rubles. However, if we are talking about specific cases that are provided for in parts 2-6 of this article, then a more severe punishment is due. It should also be noted that it does not matter how many people are transported against the rules, one or 10, the amount of the fine will be the same.

In the trunk of a car

Rules for the transportation of citizens

The procedure for transporting people in the back of a truck with an onboard platform is determined by paragraph 22 of subparagraphs 2 - 7 of the SDA. So according to them, the qualification requirements for the driver in this case are as follows: a certificate for the right to drive a category “C” transport (if more than eight people are transported, including people in the cab, then a certificate of categories “C” and “D” is required) and more than 3 years of experience in managing funds in this category.

Passage in the back of a truck with an onboard platform that is not equipped for the carriage of passengers is allowed only to persons who accompany the cargo or follow its receipt, provided that they have a seat that is located below the level of the sides. Before the trip, the driver is obliged to instruct people on the procedure for boarding, disembarking and placing in the car body.

It is possible to start moving the car only after the driver is convinced that the conditions for the safe transportation of people are provided. It should be noted that the number of people who are transported in the back of a truck should not be more than the number of places equipped for sitting.

Important! Transportation of children in the body of the vehicle is prohibited.

Military drivers are allowed to carry passengers on freight transport according to established order.

Controversial situations and ways to avoid punishment

If traffic police officers have questions about the number of people who are transported by truck, they should remember that The rules do not regulate the location and number of seats in the body. However, it will be possible to avoid punishment if the total weight of the transported passengers does not exceed the carrying capacity of the vehicle and they all sit in specially equipped places, because it is forbidden to put people on the floor of the vehicle.

It is also possible that traffic police officers will file a claim for insufficiently well-equipped seats in the back, in which case you should carefully take measurements in advance and make sure that the seats are fixed at a height of 30-50 cm from the floor and at least 30 cm from the top board edges. In case this is the case, the law is on your side and the seating is properly equipped. Otherwise, it makes sense to make a redevelopment in the body, arranging the seats in accordance with the Rules, in order to calmly transport passengers without fear of punishment.

The traffic rules of Russia provide for special requirements for the transportation of children, however, you can avoid disputes and a fine when transporting them on a truck by equipping it as a van that protects them from falling. Learn more about the penalties for incorrect transportation children in transport can be recognized.

To avoid punishment when transporting people in trucks by military personnel, it should be noted that military vehicles can be driven by persons with category “C” and a special certificate of admission to driving a truck specific brand equipped for the transportation of personnel and it is valid only for the duration of military service. In the absence of such a certificate, even if there is driving license a civilian, if such an offense is detected, punishment cannot be avoided. The same situation will arise if the brand of the car on which the military personnel were transported does not correspond to the brand marked in the certificate.

How can the DPS prove your guilt?

Each driver, when drawing up a report on him, naturally begins to think about his own protection. The law provides for the presumption of innocence, that is, a person cannot be considered guilty if his guilt is not proven.

So, it says that a person is liable only for those administrative offenses in respect of which his guilt is established, is considered innocent until his guilt is proved in the prescribed manner and is not obliged to prove his innocence, except for the cases provided for by the note to this article.

These are the offenses provided for in chapter 12 of the Code of Administrative Offenses, if they were recorded by employees working in automatic mode special technical means. Photographs and videos can serve as evidence.

Reference! Evidence obtained illegally cannot be used. They will not be taken into account by the court.

If the driver's guilt has been proven without the use of methods prohibited by law, and the documents regulating the offense were drawn up correctly, there should be no obstacles to awarding the guilty person a fine.

In the case when it comes to the transportation of citizens in the body or trunk of a car, an employee can detect the presence of this by stopping the vehicle and simply opening the body or trunk and the use of special fixing means is most likely not required. This means that there will most likely not be an opportunity to challenge the illegality of obtaining evidence.

Conclusion

Despite the fast pace of life, high costs on transportation, the desire to reduce time or save money by transporting people in places not intended for this in a car, you should remember: the rules are written for a reason and often, non-compliance with them can lead not only to unwanted expenses in the form of fines, often quite significant, but also to injuries and even death of road users! It is especially tragic if innocent children are the victims through the fault of adults.

In this article, we will consider the legislation in force for 2018 in the field of transportation of passengers on a personal and commercial transport, namely, how many passengers can be transported in a particular car, what is the fine for transportation extra passengers.
Let's look at a few common examples. You are the owner passenger car, and wish to carry more passengers than designed. Is it allowed by the traffic rules?

Prohibition of carrying excess passengers in traffic rules

Let us quote clause 22.8 of the SDA:

22.8. It is forbidden to transport people:
outside the cab of the vehicle (except for cases of transportation of people in the back of a truck with an onboard platform or in a van body), a tractor, other self-propelled vehicles, on cargo trailer, in a trailer-cottage, in the body cargo motorcycle and outside the seats provided for by the design of the motorcycle;
in excess of the amount provided technical specification vehicle.

Each car has technical certificate, in which the manufacturer prescribes the prescribed number of seats. In addition, there are official guides Automotive Institute NAMI, on the basis of which the traffic police inspector can also find out how many passenger seats are provided in a particular car. Often this information is also duplicated in the TCP, in column 3. Type of vehicle or special marks, for example, “van with the right to transport 6 people”.
Typically, cars are produced five-seater: two seats in front and a three-seater sofa in the back. Each seat is equipped with its own seat belt, so if the number of passengers is exceeded, someone will not get the belt.
Buses often have standing places for passengers.
Consider clause 22.3 of the SDA:

22.3. The number of people transported in the back of a truck, as well as in the cabin of a bus transporting intercity, mountainous, tourist or excursion route, and at organized transportation groups of children should not exceed the number of places equipped for seating.

As it becomes clear from this point of traffic rules, there can be no standing places when transporting people in the back of a truck, on bus intercity transportation, in tourism and sightseeing buses as well as when transporting children.
Well, in other cases (commercial transportation in the city, transportation of employees to the place of work, etc.), the presence of standing passengers is allowed within the limits of standing places allowed by the registration certificate.

Fine for an extra passenger in 2017

If the rules for transporting people are violated, the driver of the car is considered guilty. Punish him under Art. 12.23 Administrative Code:

1. Violation of the rules for transportation of people, with the exception of cases provided for by parts 2-6 of this article, -
shall entail the imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of five hundred roubles.

Thus, it does not matter exactly how many passengers are traveling in excess of the norm: at least one, at least ten. The fine for violation of the transportation rules will still be 500 rubles.
Simultaneously with the fine for "overloading" by passengers, the traffic police inspector can issue a fine for transportation unfastened passengers:

Article 12.6. Violation of the rules for the use of seat belts or helmets

Driving a vehicle by a driver who is not wearing a seat belt, carrying passengers, not belted safety, if the design of the vehicle provides for seat belts, as well as driving a motorcycle or moped or transporting passengers on a motorcycle without motorcycle helmets or in unfastened motorcycle helmets -
shall entail the imposition of an administrative fine in the amount of one thousand roubles.

As can be seen from the text, if the vehicle is equipped with seat belts, all passengers must be fastened.

Penalty for violation of the rules for transporting children

Within the framework of the situation under consideration with an excess of the number of passengers allowable rate, you can refer to the option when there is a child in the passenger compartment, and he is transported not in child seat, and on the lap of one of the passengers, since all other seats are occupied.
A separate section of the SDA is responsible for transporting children in a car.

22.9. Transportation of children is allowed provided that their safety is ensured, taking into account the design features of the vehicle.
Transportation of children under 12 years of age in vehicles equipped with seat belts must be carried out using child restraints appropriate for the weight and height of the child, or other means that allow the child to be fastened using the seat belts provided for by the design of the vehicle, and in the front seat car - only with the use of child restraints.

If there is a child in the car that is not fastened with a special restraint, the private driver will be punished under Art. 12.23 with a fine already for 3,000 rubles, regardless of the number of incorrectly transported children.

Article 12.23. Violation of the rules for transporting people
3. Violation of the requirements for the transportation of children, established by the Rules road traffic,
shall entail the imposition of an administrative fine on the driver in the amount of three thousand roubles; on officials- twenty-five thousand rubles; on legal entities- one hundred thousand rubles.

We note separately that if the vehicle is not equipped with seat belts from the factory (some older models), it is impossible to hold the driver liable (penalty) for unfastened passengers, whether they are adults or children.