How long does it take for a car to complete a full break-in? Breaking in a new car, what is it

23.04.2019

I bought my first car, remember that running a new car in winter is the most best option. For many, the purchase of their first and long-awaited car is the most joyful day in their lives. Prepare for it in advance, looking for a place for further storage. This is of course correct, but not the main thing. The duration of its operation depends on how well the running-in will be done.

Running in a new car in winter, why is it so? Driving components and assemblies in new vehicles do not work like in used ones. They have not yet had time to get used to, "find" their place, as a result of which the general temperature engine, a development in the form of metal chips appears in the oil. If you do everything wrong, this is minus 35% of the total motor resource. The percentage is significant.

It is necessary to switch speeds smoothly, without jerks, and this does not depend on the time of year. Clutch impact can damage synchronizers, resulting in urgent repairs. For diesel engines, the break-in rules are the same as for gasoline types. The only and main condition is to wait until the indicator goes out on the instrument panel. Some experts say that for a diesel engine the speed threshold is somewhat lowered, but manufacturers do not indicate such information.

Whatever the car is domestic or foreign, do not rush to drive it at first, it is better to drive 2000 km in a gentle mode than to do a sudden overhaul later. If possible, buy a car in the cold season, as running a new car the winter will pass much more effective than summer. In other matters, let each owner decide for himself.

Most likely, every car enthusiast knows that the running-in of a car requires some restrictions during the operation of the car. We will talk about what restrictions are needed, how many kilometers of run should last, and why they are needed.

New car owners

According to experts, the new car really only needs an engine run-in. The service life of the remaining units is not so much dependent on the first hundreds of kilometers correctly covered. Proper engine break-in will allow it to work for you for a long time and without fail.

Lapping of brake pads to discs and drums in a new car occurs after fifty kilometers. This is usually the mileage of a new car going on sale, which means that the required braking performance is achieved before the car arrives at the dealership. Transmission units and parts, as well as suspensions, also do not need grinding. There is nothing to grind in the suspension, it only wears out during operation. Pairs of helical transmission gears operating in a constant slipping mode will wear in even faster than the brakes. Yes to their job external factors practically and have no effect, unlike the motor. Therefore, the correct break-in of a new car is to break in the engine. The only recommendations for running in the transmission are to depress the clutch and change gears smoothly. So you need to do after the end of the break-in.

What can be recommended regarding the brakes: when running in, be careful not to drive into puddles after intensive braking, as water that has fallen on a hot brake disc will lead to its deformation. From this, during braking, beats will occur, reducing its effectiveness and increasing wear on the brake pads. However, this should be feared not only during the break-in.

The friction surface must be flat.

Breaking in a new car according to the recommendations different manufacturers should last from 3 to 5 thousand kilometers. If you do not know how much the manufacturer recommends running your car in, it will be correct to operate the car in a gentle mode for at least a thousand kilometers. The first 500 km of running-in have greatest influence to her result. Therefore, it would be very useful to pass them outside the city on a good flat road to a place of rest for 200 kilometers from home. The path to the picnic and back should be conditionally divided into three segments. Drive the first 50 km with constant speed about 50 km/h in 3rd gear. The next hundred miles in 4th gear without exceeding a speed of 70 km / h. Further, remaining in 4th gear, increase the speed by 10 km / h after overcoming each next hundred kilometers.

Avoid high accelerations, and before climbing, slow down and shift into a lower gear in advance, so the motor will be easier. Uniform movement car is the least stressful on the engine. And therefore most suitable for its running.

Running-in of new and post-repair internal combustion engines

Before driving, be sure to warm up the engine to operating temperature. Warming up should occur at a speed of rotation crankshaft no more than 1.5 thousand revolutions per minute. Proper break-in is to avoid overloading the engine. Overload for the engine is combustion in the cylinder a large number air-fuel mixture at a relatively low downward speed of the piston. On the road, this happens when driving uphill in V gear at a speed of no more than 70 km / h and the accelerator pedal is almost fully depressed. Or under the same conditions in IV gear no faster than 50 km / h.

One of the reasons for the accelerated appearance of scuffs on working surface cylinders - incorrect running-in of the internal combustion engine

Under such conditions, the pressure of the burnt mixture on the piston crown is only partially converted into rotational motion of the crankshaft, while the main energy increases the pressure on the crankshaft journals. It is also spent on the lateral displacement of the piston and pressure on it in this direction. Therefore, such conditions, firstly, increase the wear of the journals and crankshaft liners, and secondly, the wear of the cylinders and pistons occurs unevenly, which leads to leakage in their mating. After that, you can not do without repairs. Moreover, such wear makes the replacement piston rings pointless and in need of more serious repairs. Since, due to the large ellipse of the pistons, they will need to be replaced, and the same defect in the cylinders will require them to be bored and honed.

During the first five hundred kilometers of break-in, the engine must not be allowed to operate under load at a crankshaft speed above 2.5 thousand rpm. For cars that do not have a tachometer, you need to know the permissible speed in each gear, at which the crankshaft speed will be equal to the maximum permitted. For the 1st gear, the speed during this period should not exceed 20 km / h, for the rest:

II - 40 km per hour;
III - 60 km per hour;
IV - 90 km per hour.

After running the first five hundred kilometers, you can sometimes turn on fifth gear. The speed in this case should be close to a hundred, and the road should not have rises. Exceeding the speed of 120 km / h during this period, even when moving in 5th gear, is highly undesirable. But in this phase of running-in during acceleration, it is already allowed to spin the engine up to 3.5 thousand rpm.
The final 500 km of break-in allow you to gradually increase the load on the engine. Gentle short climbs can be overcome from acceleration in V gear at a speed of at least 110 km / h. On flat (without climbs) sections of the road and with an empty car, you can switch to V gear at a speed of 80 to 90 km / h. Sometimes when accelerating, it is allowed to raise the engine speed to four thousand revolutions per minute. Reference values allowable speeds for cars without a tachometer, they also increase: I gear - 35 km / h, II - 60, III - 90, IV - 125, V - 160.

Diesel engine break-in features

Features of engine break-in after repair

The peculiarity of the engine after repair is that it oil pump(as well as the entire lubrication system) is often without oil, therefore it is incapable, due to design features, pressurize the lubrication system. In order for oil to get into the oil pump, you need to pour several syringes of this liquid into the hole located next to the mount oil filter. Then screw on the filter. The engine can be started and run in like a normal new engine.

When warming up a motor that has returned from repair, do not be afraid of smoke in engine compartment- this will burn new gaskets exhaust manifold and intake pipe. This is always the case after an engine overhaul.

Features of running in a car with automatic transmission

Do not start moving until the automatic transmission warms up, and the oil in it (cold and thick oil in automatic transmission makes it difficult to work);
Do not use the kickdown mode (do not press the gas pedal to the floor);
do not allow the car to move for a long time in neutral or towing. Otherwise, the machine will require repair, or even replacement. It should be noted that the last recommendation is also relevant after the break-in period.

For a long time, there have been discussions in the world about the running in of a new or sorted one. What do you think, is it necessary to run in modern cars? Until a few years ago, the answer to this question was obviously yes. But with the achievement of the latest technologies in the automotive industry, everything more people tend to believe that it is not necessary to break in the engine. Let's find out if we really need to run in?

Firstly, whether to break in the engine or not, each owner of the car decides for himself. For example, if someone has leased a car, then obviously he will most likely not take care of the engine. If the car is in our property, then we, as a rule, take good care of it. But is running-in of modern cars necessary?

Engineers and other experts say no. So, running is needed only for our psychological peace?

But why then in his manual for the operation of new cars directly recommends limiting the first 1200 or 2000 km maximum speed engine (not more than 5500 rpm), and also not to exceed the speed of 170 km/h?

That is BMW company officially recognizes that an engine run-in is needed until a certain mileage appears on the car's odometer.

BMW is not the only automaker that still recommends owners to follow the break-in regime. There are many more car brands, who also advise in the user manual to run in the power unit of the machine.

In this regard, we decided to look into this issue, and understand whether a run-in is still necessary or not. First, let's first find out what an engine break-in is and why a few years ago, without exception, all vehicle manufacturers obliged owners to spend a certain time on it.

The break-in process itself is the process of grinding the various components of the car together. For example, piston rings and cylinder walls must work together for a while, getting used to each other, before reaching optimal levels of interaction and performance. Until recently, no one questioned this fact. But today, many engineers and experts say that such grinding of engine components is no longer necessary. According to them, in the automotive industry, they allow today to achieve incredible precision in fitting components to each other. Microscopic precision, eliminates running-in.

Experts believe that in the past, drilling and other machines that were used in the manufacture of engines were not as accurate as they are today. As a result of the gaps between the parts, during the first 3000-5000 kilometers, engine parts, rubbing against each other, formed metal chips, polluting the engine oil.

Yes, today the tolerances between parts have become smaller, thanks to high-precision machine tools. But, nevertheless, this does not directly say that running is not needed. After all, there are still tolerances and errors. These days, the dimensions of the parts are also not perfect and probably never will be perfect in relation to each other.

In addition, the ideal interaction of engine parts is possible only after certain cycles of engine operation in a working (hot) state. That is, the metal components of the engine need a short time, during which they become optimal in relation to each other.

In general, as you can see, there is an opinion that running in is not needed, but there are many arguments in favor of the fact that running in is essential. And the debate in this area continues to this day.

So to unequivocally answer the question of whether an engine run-in is necessary, you will not be able to answer accurately. This requires expensive Scientific research and long trials.

In general, modern engines, according to many engineers who work in automobile companies, need an average break-in of 1000 kilometers. In the past, break-in engines required many more miles to be driven before it was safe to start using power unit at full power.

But if you don't want to believe that the break-in modern cars in principle, you don’t need it, and you want to be calm about the car’s engine, then we offer you that will keep your peace of mind after purchasing a new car or after overhauling the engine.

Keep the engine speed at medium: Depending on which engine is in your car (gasoline or diesel), after buying a new car or after overhauling the engine, you will have to limit the operation of the car to high revs power unit. As a rule, diesel engines run on more than low revs. Therefore if you have petrol model, then the first 1000 kilometers do not exceed 3500 rpm. If you have diesel auto mobile do not exceed 2500 rpm.

Be careful with the gas pedal: The first 1000 km, be careful when working with the gas pedal. Try not to exceed the specified engine speed. Be especially careful when accelerating. Also consider your riding style for the first 1000 kilometers. You must remember that due to the limitation, you will not be able to take full advantage of the power of the motor. Therefore, when maneuvering on the road, take this into account so as not to create emergency. For example, be careful when overtaking.

Try also not to drive at the minimum engine speed. Your task is to pass the optimal break-in within the first 1000 kilometers. By maintaining an average engine speed, you speed up the process of grinding in the piston rings and engine cylinders, as well as speed up their sealing process to each other. At the same minimum engine speed, you will not be able to make an optimal break-in in just 1000 km, since there will be no necessary high pressure, which is formed due to the gases released in the process.

Change the oil after 100 kilometers: If you have the opportunity, we recommend that you change the engine oil after a run of 100-200 kilometers. As we said above, running-in is necessary so that the parts get used to each other and the factory gaps between them decrease, which are formed due to errors in the equipment used in the manufacture of engines. As a result of grinding, metal chips are formed. These pieces of metal are present in the new engine after 100 kilometers. By changing the engine oil, you will remove metal chips.

Ideally, you should also change your oil at about 1000-1500 km. Thus, you will completely clean the engine of metal elements that were formed as a result of grinding in new engine components. After a double change, your engine oil will be clean.

All these tips, of course, are primarily aimed at ensuring that you remain calm that nothing will happen to the car engine, and it will serve for a very long time.

But whether a run-in is really necessary cannot be given a definite answer. As we have already said, disputes in this area are still ongoing. Nowadays modern engines, of course, have become better, more efficient and more technologically advanced. Modern equipment allows you to create reliable and high-quality power units. Quantity manufacturing defect in the process of manufacturing engines was reduced by 12 times.

Truth in last years not a very rosy picture. Most automakers create engines that only work reliably and efficiently. Further, the reliability of the motors begins to fall. Thus, automotive companies protect themselves from financial problems warranty repair. But after 3 years of operation of the car and a run of 100,000-150,000 km, the reliability of power units leaves much to be desired.

Over the past few years, the number of complaints from car owners,

Representatives dealer centers form a consumer opinion that there is no need to break in a modern or motor. For this reason, some motorists believe that engines foreign production are assembled by robots under ideal conditions, undergo the so-called “cold” run-in at the factory and are ready to work in any load modes from the very first kilometers.

Regarding diesel, there are statements that engines of this type are initially stronger, more durable and more reliable. gasoline analogues, do not spin up to high speeds, so even a short run-in is not required for similar ones. We immediately note that such an opinion is erroneous.

Read in this article

Why is bridging needed?

Although ICE designs and engine technology has changed significantly, principle device power units does not change. Engine internal combustion continues to consist of a large number of parts that interact with each other in the process of work. The result is friction, as well as the natural wear of rubbing pairs.

At the initial stage of operation of a new car, the so-called “hot” grinding of the surfaces of mating parts takes place. Moreover, friction pairs are present not only in the engine. The lapping process is carried out by the gears of the gearbox, wheel bearings and other loaded components. Active grinding on a new car is demonstrated brake pads that interact with brake discs and drums. Even tires require break-in within a few hundred kilometers to achieve optimum performance.

It is quite obvious that a new diesel car must be run in for a certain period, which is determined by thousands of kilometers. Running in a diesel engine requires the operation of the machine in a “delicate” mode in order to avoid unnecessary loads on the engine and other vehicle components. This approach will allow you to gently grind the mating elements, which will ensure good work vehicle for a long time.

How to break in a diesel car

It is worth noting that no fundamental differences in the process of running in diesel or gasoline new car. To achieve a reduction in the coefficient of friction in any motor, it is present to supply lubricant to the loaded elements.

Oil pump creates required pressure, due to which the engine oil flows through special oil channels to the rubbing pairs. An oil film is created between two rubbing surfaces, which is also called an oil wedge.

Run in diesel or Gas engine stands with emphasis on optimal pressure in the lubrication system and parallel minimization of loads on the motor and transmission. The most efficient engine oil pressure for best lubrication parts is created when the revolutions diesel internal combustion engine are at a minimum mark of about 1100-1300 rpm. Driving at speeds below those specified during break-in is not allowed.

Low pressure lubrication oil system may be insufficient for individual friction pairs. The result is increased heating of surfaces, thinning of the oil film and accelerated wear of parts. For similar reasons, it is not recommended during the break-in process. diesel engine make the unit work Idling without the need.

To answer the question of how to break in a diesel car correctly, we will consider the recommendations in various instructions for operation. Also, special attention will be paid to the advice of experienced auto mechanics.

At the initial stage, it is worth noting that the first 1000 km. represents the most critical period. It is forbidden to tow a trailer, and it is also not advisable to invite passengers into the cabin during the first kilometers of running.
Before the trip, warm up the engine to 20-30 degrees. We add that it makes no sense to warm a diesel engine at idle for a long time. This type motors warm up well in motion.
After a few minutes of warming up, you can begin to move smoothly. Do not upshift above 2nd on manual transmission vehicles. As for vehicles with automatic transmission, it is desirable to block the transition above the 2nd speed.
The speed and speed of the vehicle must be low, but sufficient for normal pressure in the lubrication system (for a diesel engine, the average speed when running in at low gears are about 1200-1500 rpm.) Warm up the power unit in this driving mode until the internal combustion engine reaches full.
After warming up, the driving speed can be increased. For manual transmission, driving in 4th and 5th gear is not recommended; for automatic transmission, the transition to 4th and higher should be blocked. During break-in, it is important to avoid increased loads on the engine, and also to refrain from driving at the same speed for a long time. Also, engine braking is not allowed. Brake gently with brake system while rubbing the pads. Climbing with the gas pedal depressed overdrive in the "hill" is strictly prohibited.
The best solution would be a run-in outside the city, since this approach will eliminate downtime at traffic lights and in traffic jams ( idling), and also relieve you of the need for constant braking. Moreover, leaving the highway will help not to create problems for other road users in dense city traffic. It is advisable to plan the route so that a one-way trip involves a minimum distance of about 250 km, and the total distance traveled is 500 km.
Check with your dealer before driving which type of engine and transmission oil poured into the car. Find out more about the brand brake fluid and cooling system fluids. Get about 2-3 liters just in case. motor oil, 1l. gear oil, 1l. antifreeze and 1l. distilled water, 1l. brake fluid and 1l. power steering fluid, if your vehicle has this type of construction.
While driving on a straight road, you can turn on 4th gear, maintaining a speed of up to 80 km / h. On hills, slow down and downshift. In cars with manual transmission, gears must be switched in a timely manner, as smoothly and accurately as possible. If you have an automatic transmission, you should not use the kickdown mode during break-in. Change engine speed every 15-20 minutes, raising to 2200-2500 and lowering to 1800 (averaged values for a diesel).

It is advisable to stop at least twice per trip on a flat surface and turn off the engine for a few minutes. After that, it is necessary to check the level of engine oil and other technical fluids.

If possible, check the oil level in the "automatic" box. When checking fluids, remember that you can unscrew it only after the motor has cooled down! If the coolant level is clearly visible from the outside on the mark, the engine does not overheat, then there is no need to unscrew the cap. While monitoring the levels of technical fluids, also evaluate their condition, smell, inspect engine compartment, look under the car to make sure there are no leaks.

After checking, do not rush to close the hood, start the engine and evaluate the sound of its operation for possible ones, check the health of the electrical equipment. It is advisable to repeat such checks until the moment when new car at least 1 thousand km will not pass. It will not be superfluous to periodically check the pressure in the tires.

First engine oil change during break-in

In a new car, the manufacturer often fills in oil that does not have a complete package. antifriction additives. This approach allows you to speed up the running-in process (lapping of friction pairs is faster). With such oil, it is advisable not to leave the entire interval before it scheduled replacement, which is about 10 thousand km. Moreover, it is better not to drive on such oil even up to 5 thousand km.

The fact is that in the process of grinding surfaces in the engine, microscopic chips inevitably appear, which consist of metal particles. These particles are washed away engine oil, after which a large percentage of them is captured by the oil filter. The remaining particles remain in lubricant, falling into the gaps between friction pairs. With the run of particles, it becomes more and more, the filter gradually becomes clogged, chips accumulate in the oil.

In critical situations, reduction bandwidth filter element may cause the oil filter pressure relief valve to open. The result will be the ingress of oil with metal chips on the surface of rubbing parts, accelerated wear of friction pairs, and it is also possible to clog thin oil channels engine lubrication systems. Such blockages can lead to oil starvation individual loaded internal combustion engine nodes. It is for this reason that it is recommended to change the oil during break-in after a run of about 1 thousand kilometers traveled. At the same time, the oil filter must also be replaced.

It is also worth considering that from the factory in the engine can be filled with "break-in" mineral oil. The best solution would be to further fill the engine with a semi-synthetic product that meets all tolerances, drive about 5-6 thousand more km on it, and then replace the lubricant with high-quality synthetics for a turbocharged diesel engine.

How long to break in a diesel car

Many auto mechanics agree that the optimal break-in period for a new gasoline or diesel engine is 10,000 kilometers driven.

There is also an opinion that the complete grinding of piston rings and cylinder walls ends at a run of about 30,000 km. At the specified run, the so-called cylinder mirror is finally formed. For this reason, the first 1000 km. running-in is the most important, and then each car owner decides on his own how long it takes to run in the engine and the entire car.

Breaking in the machine - basic requirements

Any decisive step requires careful preparation - the car break-in procedure is no exception. First of all, carefully study the vehicle passport, taking note of the individual specifications. Running in a car is the first step towards a long and successful operation of a car, so it must be done in compliance with all norms and requirements. During the first 3,000 km, carefully test the possibilities of all permissible modes of operation of the machine in order to assess further prospects for use.

Start a new day of your ride together with control oil level and other machine fluids affecting the safe and efficient operation of the car.

After making sure that all indicators are normal, go for a ride on a flat stretch of road. After driving 500 km, turn off the engine and let the car "take a break". After waiting a bit, check the oil level again.

To do this, you need to get the measuring probe and, after wiping it dry, put it back again. When you take it out again, at a normal indicator, the oil level will be between the upper and lower marks. If there is little oil left, its level will drop to the bottom mark or even lower. IN this case top up immediately required amount oils of the same brand, but in such a way that its level does not exceed the upper mark.

Strictly keep the speed limit!

Not only fuel consumption and acceleration dynamics depend on this, but also what will be the duration of the life of the car.

Anyone who wants to know how to break in a car correctly should keep a smooth ride.

Leave a sharp start or sudden braking for later. At least for a while, give up driving for distillations, engine braking, slipping and unreasonable acceleration.

Don't stick to a monotonous routine!

At this stage, the motor is being developed. And such a ride will be the reason for the exorbitant burning of fuel. The best option - 2000 - 4000 rpm.

Don't let your car idle for long periods of time.

Regardless of the country of origin of your vehicle, such a regime will not benefit in any case. In order to understand how to break in a car, you need to be aware that during this “procedure” all parts, assemblies and assemblies are developed, each of which requires attention and care.

Pay attention to !

During the first 500 km they are lapped. Harsh braking during this period, it can lead at least to their failure, and at most to the need to repair the entire brake system.

Take the time to study!

If your car has manual transmission, handle the clutch pedal very “carefully”. Good modern cars make the task of switching gears simpler and easier.
When running in a car, in no case increase the load! Riding with friends or towing a trailer should wait for a better time.

The main thing when running in a brand new car is not time, but mileage. The most high-quality running-in, according to experts, occurs at a run of 3-4,000 km. With such a run-in, they will be able to smoothly enter the natural, working channel. Certainly, individual parts does not need such a run. But for efficient driving on a car in the future it is better to focus on these figures. Time to run in your " iron horse» purely individually. In the end, everything will depend on your desire to bring the operation of the newly made machine to perfection.

Engine break-in video:

Finishing touches

The logical conclusion of a successful break-in of a new car should be a zero maintenance (you should check with the direct seller about the recommended mileage of your car in advance). This procedure is not waste money. No one can effectively diagnose a car and all its parts like professional craftsmen. Their services additionally include checking all fluids. To avoid damage to the engine, experts advise changing the oil after the break-in.

If you only, produce correct break-in the purchased car will help you with the manual - a special instruction for the efficient operation of the car. Meticulous observance of all the recommendations indicated there will be the key to the successful operation of the car and the delay in the repair of its parts.

Do you want to properly and efficiently break in your car? Do not ignore the advice of professionals! Their recommendations will allow you to most successfully develop all the details of the car that can please you with the characteristics inherent in them.

All the advice regarding the running-in of a new car can also be successfully applied to the running-in procedure for a car after a major overhaul. The lack of professionalism of the workers involved in the repair of your car can be effectively filled by driving in a gentle mode.