In this article, we will try to understand what it means to pass in reverse, evaluate the true risks of this type of driving, consider the two main methods that most drivers use, learn the rules governing this type of driving, and, of course, try to learn how to drive safely!
We will tell you how to do so in order to minimize the risks of such a maneuver.
Driving in reverse - what not to do
The complexity of this element of movement lies in the fact that most often you have to take back not along a straight path, but with several turns. At this moment, it’s as if you are changing to a different car, which has a completely different arrangement of driving and steered wheels, but most importantly, the review has been significantly changed.
Among Ukrainian drivers, two methods of driving backwards are usually practiced:
throwing your right hand behind the back of the front passenger seat and turning as far back as possible, look through rear glass; control of a backing by means of lateral mirrors.
But, according to experts of counter-emergency driving, none of these methods gives the driver the opportunity to sufficiently control the situation. For example, during test runs according to the first method, such movement turns out to be rather slow, chaotic and jerky, because the driver in such a situation can only steer with one hand.
Never forget one of the most important rules Driver: Both hands must be on the steering wheel. This also applies to reversing.
In addition, the rear and front visibility for the driver is significantly narrowed - and you can easily not even see the car.
And by fully concentrating on the review to the rear, you cease to control the situation in front of the car, the nose of which begins to endure significantly when cornering.
IN real life All this means getting into an accident. The second method is better because the driver steers with two hands. Reversing this way is faster and more controlled.
What we risk
It would seem, well, what serious can happen when a car is reversing, if at the same time you carefully look around and watch pedestrians, standing and passing vehicles? But in fact, while driving, twisting his head back in an unnatural way, and having several meters of the length of the car behind him, the driver is in a vulnerable position, losing large pieces of space in his review.
In addition, a person is physiologically not adapted to move backward at all. What can we say about the situation when he also has to drive a car that has its own dimensions, inertia and mechanical limitations.
Agree, it will not be pleasant if you turn back another car, run into a fence or, God forbid, catch the ubiquitous pedestrians. At a minimum, you will damage your car, besides, you will have to call the police to draw up a protocol, deal with other participants traffic. So what can you do to avoid such situations?
Learning to walk backwards like cancer
The correct way to reverse is one in which the driver controls the movement of the car on all three mirrors. This method provides safety, speed, practicality and even economy. But in order to move in this way, you must have these same mirrors correctly adjusted.
Before you start backing up, set the central salon mirror so that the entire rear window completely falls into it - this is how you provide yourself maximum view. The side mirrors should be in a position where the horizon line, as it were, divides them exactly in half, and the car is displayed in them by no more than 10%.
Before you move off, look in all three mirrors, and try to objectively assess the environment. Then turn on the emergency gang, and only after that reverse gear. The main thing - do not rush! Remember that even if correct setting mirrors, the presence of parking sensors and a rear-view camera, you may have invisible zones.
Moving backwards - governing rules
Reversing is one of the maneuvers that a vehicle can perform. But, according to the traffic rules, such a maneuver can be performed far from everywhere.
So, in accordance with the Ukrainian traffic rules, namely subparagraph 10.09 of the section "Starting movement and changing its direction" driverwhile reversing the vehicle must not create dangers or obstacles to other participants».
And, according to subparagraph 10.10, you can drive in this way only on one-way roads, or “if it is impossible to drive to the required object in another way.” This paragraph expressly forbids movement Vehicle reversing on highways, roads for cars, railway crossings, pedestrian crossings, intersections, bridges, viaducts, overpasses, in tunnels, at their entrances and exits, as well as on sections of roads with limited visibility or insufficient visibility».
And this means that a car that is reversing, in addition to being unable to carry out such a maneuver wherever it pleases, is also obliged to literally give way to everyone, and most seriously take into account the interests of other traffic participants.
conclusions
For better or for worse, reversing is a skill that cannot be theoretically acquired. IN this case, the key to success is multiple repetitions and practice.
Any small and most importantly free area can serve as a base for training. After all, if you don’t know how to back up correctly, you risk getting into an unpleasant situation even during normal parking. So we advise you not to neglect such important skills!
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An article on how to drive in reverse. Which important points must be taken into account when reversing. 8 tips and videos about correct movement on the back of the car.
The content of the article:
The main problem for a novice driver is driving a car in reverse. To maneuver in difficult situations in reverse, you will need to gain considerable experience. In most cases, a novice driver for parking in a place with a narrow opening lacks certain skills. Often it is the lack of practical experience and knowledge in driving a vehicle that leads to accidents. How to drive in reverse by car and whether it is possible to drive in reverse at all, we will try to consider in more detail below.
Mirror setup
When performing a maneuver in reverse, the risk of creating emergency. This is due to the fact that the visibility of what is happening behind the driver is very limited. Therefore, in order to avoid accidents when reversing, it is necessary to correctly adjust the mirrors. They are set up as follows: the side mirror should display 15% of the rear wing of the car, and the rest - 85% of what is happening behind the vehicle.
In parking lots with curbs, for a successful maneuver, the mirrors should be tilted. For other cases of reversing, what is happening behind should be clearly visible.
If the rear-view mirror, located in the passenger compartment of the car, displays the entire rear window and partially captures the top of the driver's head, then it is considered to be correctly adjusted. Some autoladies like to set this mirror to display their own image, which can lead to negative consequences on the road.
Proper use of the rear window when reversing
A novice driver should not absolutely rely on the mirrors while reversing. Now you can often see curved mirrors in cars, thanks to which it is easier for the driver to analyze the situation happening behind the car.
When reversing, the driver turns over his right shoulder, looking at what is happening behind him through the rear window - this option allows you to control the movement of the car in reverse.
How to control reversing
Studying the method of maneuvering the steering column, the question arises - how to drive in reverse? Based on the theory, even a baby can handle driving a car. But applying knowledge in practice, the confidence of most novice car owners instantly disappears.
Riding in reverse does not tolerate haste, so it is worth starting with slow and smooth actions. The smoother the backward movement, the lower the likelihood of hitting an obstacle.
When making a reverse maneuver inexperienced driver it is undesirable to completely release the clutch pedal, and the gas pedal is pressed slowly and without jerks. Sometimes, during training, future drivers are taught to drive backwards using only the clutch, but such skills will not help an inexperienced driver in everyday life when they have to race on an uphill - without using the gas pedal, the car will not go, but immediately stall.
For beginners, using the rear window when reversing will make driving easier. It should be borne in mind that a car of any model and various characteristics maneuverability in reverse is superior to forward movement. Steering when moving backwards is sharper for any vehicle. For the effectiveness of the maneuver, the hands on the steering wheel should be kept at the highest point.
Reverse parking
Training in parking skills takes place in driving schools under the guidance of instructors. But the number of hours devoted to learning to ride in reverse is not enough. There are times when a motorist gets a license, but the proper skill in driving back has not been acquired. At the same time, it is necessary first of all to pay attention to the proposed parking place - it is worthwhile to objectively assess your strength and the parking place itself. For a beginner, it is better to choose places with a minimum number of obstacles or with a large margin.
It is often easier to park a car in reverse than in forward. Due to the fact that the maneuverability of the car when driving in reverse is much higher than in the front, it turns out that parking in reverse is easier.
How to drive in reverse with a trailer
The most difficult thing is to maneuver backwards with a trailer. Even experienced driver experiences a number of difficulties when performing backward movement with a load. How to avoid mistakes when moving backwards with a trailer?
First, you need to position yourself in the driver's seat so that you get good review and access to the vehicle control system. For getting desired review a half-turn position is best, where the driver holds the steering wheel with his left hand, and leans on the passenger seat with his right hand.
Difficulties arise if reversing is carried out with a tilt trailer. In this case, when reversing, you should be guided by properly configured mirrors.
The maneuver is performed only when the trailer is in line with the car - when the trailer is at an angle, the maneuver is considered impractical. It will take time to level it, but this will not give an absolute guarantee of the success of the maneuver.
Every novice driver should know that in order to turn the trailer to the left, the steering wheel must be turned to the right, and vice versa. For most drivers, this rule causes a number of difficulties. The following maneuver can be broken down into four steps:
- Turning the trailer in the direction of arrival, turning the steering wheel in the opposite direction;
- Then the steering wheel turns back, making a slow movement back until it is completely aligned;
- Reversing is carried out before the turn;
- At the turn, turn the car smoothly to overcome the path smoothly.
When maneuvering with a trailer, all movements should be light and smooth without sharp jerks and stops, since the trailer has no brakes and it will not be able to stop immediately, but will continue to move. Reversing is a rather difficult task, which involves many nuances: the maneuverability of the trailer, its turns, the length of the distance from the towbar to the axle, and many others.
Compliance with traffic rules when driving back
When driving backwards, make sure that your actions do not violate the rules of the road. Traffic rules allow you to maneuver backwards if its safety is observed and at the same time it does not interfere with other road users.
Remember that if you hit a standing next to car, then you will be the culprit of the accident.
If, while maneuvering backwards, you notice that another vehicle is coming towards you, stop moving and apply sound signal. Only after making sure of safety, you can continue to move.
Alarm
When maneuvering in reverse, you can apply alarm, which can distinguish your car from a number of other vehicles and thereby prevent an emergency. And in dark time day emergency gang will help illuminate the space behind the car.
Parktronic and rear view camera
These options are not installed in every car, but where they are, parking sensors and a rear-view camera will help the novice driver navigate during parking and any other movement of the car in reverse. But do not forget that the data car features have only an auxiliary character - the main task lies directly on the shoulders of the driver.
Summing up, we can say that driving in reverse is an important and integral skill when driving a car. Mastering the movement in reverse will save the driver from problems with parking and moving in narrow openings. Subject to the basic rules, any driver will be able to learn how to ride in reverse.
Video on how to ride in reverse:
There is such an anecdote: one of the representatives of the peoples of the North acquired new car. A few days later, he is asked if he likes to ride the new "iron horse". He replies: “I really like going to work, but not back.” They ask him what is the matter. To which he replies: “The car has already 5 gears forward, and only one back!”
This anecdote has long been called "bearded". But even if we assume that this is true, then such a driver did not have any difficulties when driving in reverse just because the mileage traveled is decent enough. And how many kilometers did you drive in reverse? Surely, this figure is very small when compared with the usual movement. What prevents drivers from driving in reverse as easily as in front? Perhaps lack of experience or simply inability. To easily perform such maneuvers, you need to drive about 1 - 3 km, after which you can easily park the car in reverse.
Driving in reverse on mirrors
Any skill requires constant practice. Before you start driving on busy city roads, you need to learn how to drive well in reverse. First you need to learn how to drive in this way in a straight line, without looking at the mirrors. To do this, turn your head back and look over your right shoulder. It must be remembered that the car will go straight only if you set the steering wheel in the right position. Even if you move the steering wheel minimally, the wheels will deviate in different sides, taking the car in different directions. That is why you need to move on minimum speed.
After that, you can learn to drive on the mirrors. First you need to adjust the position of each rear-view mirror. Side mirrors should show you the minimum of the car itself and the maximum of the space around the car. In the center mirror you should see the full reflection of the rear window. The most ideal adjustment option is if the driver can look into the mirrors without turning or leaning. You should see everything only by shifting your gaze. Unfortunately, not every car can have mirrors weighted. Therefore, small turns of the head are quite acceptable.
Almost every car that is not equipped with special cameras has a so-called "dead zone". It is this area that the driver cannot control in any way through the use of mirrors. To drive really safe, you need to know exactly where these zones are on your car. To do this, the driver must get behind the wheel and look in the mirrors, while the assistant must go around the car at this time. Those areas where the other person is not visible will be "dead". You need to control these zones yourself by turning your head without using mirrors.
Beginning drivers should definitely learn how to drive in reverse without using mirrors. Indeed, in many countries it is generally forbidden to reverse on mirrors. Main principle- hold the steering wheel straight, feel it like own hands. Then any maneuvers will be within your power.
Learning to make turns
Of course, driving in reverse in a straight line is a useful skill, but you also need to be able to turn with this method of driving. You need to learn this only after you have fully mastered the rectilinear movement in reverse. The most important thing in this matter is not to confuse in which direction you need to turn the steering wheel. If you turn around, the sides feel like they will switch places. But the steering mechanism does not change. If you turn right, then the car will go there, only backwards. In order to get rid of this false feeling, you need to practice.
In order to confidently drive a car in reverse, you need to “fix” all movements in the subconscious. You don't have to think about which way to turn the steering wheel to turn left or right, your hands should work automatically. Therefore, you need to learn at minimum speeds. It is extremely important to learn how to process information without hesitation.
If you feel that you are starting to get confused, then you need to stop immediately. This phenomenon is quite normal - your brain will try to understand what is happening, it just needs help. Sit up straight, take a breath and analyze your mistakes. Evaluate, comprehend and "digest" the situation. Only then can you make another attempt.
First you need to master the turns in reverse, and you need to control the maneuver through the rear window, that is, turning your head to the right. So, we perform a direct turn. As soon as rear end cars will be sent to the right side, turn the steering wheel so that it is straight. This will keep you moving in a straight line. If necessary, the steering wheel can be tucked a little.
Once you have mastered this, you can practice reversing turns using the rear view mirrors. The speed must first be the lowest. One last note - when you turn, carefully look at the front fenders. They can move a lot to the side.
Important nuances
It is clear that with such movement it is necessary to comply with traffic rules. According to the rules, you can not drive in reverse on the roadway. It is allowed to drive on a road with a one-way direction of the traffic flow, provided that you drive up to desired object impossible in any other way. In this case, the driver must be as careful as possible, not to create dangerous situations and must not create obstacles for other machines. You can not move in reverse at a time when the car behind maneuvers. Regarding the speed of movement, there are no specific figures in the traffic rules, but it is clear that the speedometer readings should be minimal.
The best option is to turn on the "emergency gang" while driving in reverse. So you will attract the attention of other drivers even at night, without creating an emergency and without incurring the wrath of law enforcement officers. You can not perform such maneuvers in places where it is forbidden to turn the car.
The rules describe whole line places where it is forbidden to drive in reverse: motorways, roads with two directions, railway crossings, pedestrian crossings, bridges, overpasses, flyovers, intersections, stops public transport, tunnels along with entrances and exits from them. Also, maneuvers are prohibited in conditions insufficient visibility. If there is no special need, then it is better to drive straight through thick fog, heavy rain and so on. Be careful when reversing from parking lots, courtyards of houses. Law enforcement officials say that it is in these places that is happening a large number of accidents due to the inattention of those drivers who make the maneuver.
Another aspect that needs attention is the adjustment of the rearview and side mirrors. Side mirrors must be turned and tilted at such an angle that they reflect no more than 20% of the body of the car. The remaining 80% should be free space so that you can see the situation to the side and behind the car, and the horizon line should lie approximately in the center of the mirror. In the rearview mirror, you should see the entire rear of the glass car. But still, it is simply impossible to trust mirrors 100%. This is especially true for those machines in which not an ordinary straight mirror is installed, but a curved and large one.
Such mirrors are placed so that the driver does not turn once again head. But such a mirror has one big disadvantage- they distort the real distance. In it, the driver will not be able to realistically assess the distance that can be driven in reverse. Therefore, a person still needs to turn the body and look back, while grabbing the headrest of the passenger seat from behind.
If this is done, the driver will receive larger view And more information than if he looks in the mirror. If the driver is experienced, then he already knows how to rely on the reflection in the mirror, but a beginner will not be able to do this due to lack of experience. In addition, you need to look at the left, and at the right, and at salon mirrors, after which all these pieces of information need to be combined into a big picture. It is definitely difficult. Therefore, it is better to learn how to turn back in order to assess situations through the rear and side windows.
Don't forget to watch the front wheels! This is a very common mistake. It allows a large percentage newcomers. They begin to move in reverse, turn the steering wheel to the side and concentrate all their attention on the space behind the car. At this moment, the front part of the car body begins to move in an arc with a decent radius, that is, the car shifts in the opposite direction to the steering wheel.
As a result, the car at the exit from the parking lot hits the car that is in front with a bumper or front fender, and if you leave the garage, the car will collide with the garage wall or the gate.
Maneuvering and stopping
Maneuvers on reverse gear– potentially dangerous type of driving. This is due to the fact that there is not enough information about people and objects behind the car. Therefore, adjustment of the rear-view mirrors is required. Under no circumstances should they be twisted. You can do this only in one situation - if you park in reverse close to the curb. In all other situations, the mirrors must be level.
When maneuvering in reverse gear, one nuance must be taken into account - the front part of the body skids. If you turn to the right, the front fender will move to the left, and vice versa. Therefore, you must be very careful not to hit neighboring cars and other obstacles. For beginners, one mistake is typical - they drop the clutch after a stop, but forget to turn off the gear. As a result, the car rolls in the opposite direction. This is dangerous because you could crash into a wall, curb, or other vehicle.
It is very important that you learn how to properly steer and pull away. From a theoretical point of view, everything is quite simple: turn the steering wheel in the direction you want to turn. In reality, anything can happen, from which you can simply lose control of both yourself and the car.
In order not to get into an accident, you need to maneuver in reverse very slowly. Most importantly, do not release the clutch completely. If you need to roll, then the clutch needs to be released a little, when the car moves, the clutch to the floor. Accelerate moderately.
Any car, regardless of brand, maneuvers more sharply if you drive it in reverse, as the result is sharper corners. Put your left hand on top point steering wheel and move it as needed to the left and right.
One of the most common maneuvers that all drivers perform is parking. You need to start learning this in the presence of an instructor. To park your car, follow these steps:
1) Find free place, where your car would fit, and it would fit freely, that is, there should be free space around the car.
2) Snuggle up to the parking space so that there is 15-20 cm of free space between your and the neighboring car.
3) Roll up to the car in front so that the rear bumpers of your car and the next car are even.
4) Engage reverse. Keep the steering wheel straight. Roll up a little. Observe the angle of safe entry into the turn. This angle can be very different different models machines. There is universal advice: you need to take back until the center of the disk rear wheel does not compare with rear bumper next to a parked car.
5)
Turn the steering wheel all the way in the direction you are turning. If the safe turning angle has been observed, then you will not hit a nearby parked car. Everything is simple here: if you start turning the steering wheel to the right, the car will also start turning to the right, and vice versa.
6) Continue to move in reverse, while the steering wheel must be unscrewed in reverse side in order to move straight.
7) Level the car by turning the steering wheel in the opposite direction.
It makes sense to note that many novice drivers mistakenly believe that parking in reverse is a daunting task. That is why they park in a straight line. But after several not entirely successful attempts, they realize that they need to park backwards.
Why so? Why can't you park in front? The answer to this question lies directly in the design of the car: when turning the steering wheel, the rear wheels follow a shorter arc than the front wheels. Front axle describes a lingering arc, and the rear wheels turn the car. That is, any car will be more maneuverable if you drive in reverse. That is why you need to park not "in front".
Precautionary measures
When you move in reverse, you must be fastened. This could save your life. Also don't forget to include Emergency Signal and “turn signals” so that other road users can see that you are making a maneuver. If you are forced to drive in this way in a rather difficult situation (in a tight parking lot, in conditions of active traffic or poor visibility), then you must turn on the “emergency gang”.
You now know everything about driving in reverse. You will need to practice well, after which you will learn how to ride well. The most important thing is to remember 2 simple rules: take your time, carefully watch the front fenders of the car, be guided by the mirrors. Do not hesitate to turn around to assess the situation. This way you can avoid an accident. Good luck on the road!
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Every novice motorist is trained in driving at a driving school. But driving in reverse is given too little time. However, there are some maneuvers that can only be performed in reverse. For example, to drive into the garage or park correctly and leave the parking lot. In extreme cases, you can and he will teach quickly.
Learning to drive in reverse
Like any skill, reversing requires practice and understanding of the process. First, learn to ride in reverse in a straight line. At first without mirrors, just turning back over the right shoulder. It must be realized that when the steering wheel is in a straight position, the car drives in reverse straight, but when minimum turns steering, the car deviates from a given trajectory much more than when forward. Move at the lowest possible speed.
Correctly adjust the rear view mirror and side mirrors at both sides. In the side mirrors, the side of your car should occupy no more than 1/4, and the horizon should be divided in half. In the rearview mirror, you should be able to see the entire rear window of the car, including the underside of it. The head should be in the usual position, you should look into the mirrors without turning your head, but simply moving your eyes from mirror to mirror.
Turns are the next step in learning. Remember! Driving directions do not change when driving backwards! If you want to turn back to the right, the steering wheel must be turned to the right, if to the left, then the steering wheel turns to the left. Such features of the ride, when you learn to take back, then you get used to it.
Next, you need to determine the minimum tread radius of the rear wheel when turning 90 degrees. Find a soft surface (soil, sand), stop, get out of the car and mark the center of your rear wheel on the ground on the side you are going to turn. Then get in the car, put it in reverse, turn the steering wheel all the way out, and drive slowly until the car turns 90 degrees.
Stop and leave the car again. Estimate visually the turning radius. Stick some stick (branch, pole, stick) next to the previously marked wheel center mark. Get back in the car and, assessing the movement in the mirrors, at minimum speed, start turning as soon as you see the pole in the side mirror.
When driving in reverse, remember some rules: do not rush; control the position of the front wings; look at the mirrors, but if you feel insecure about the situation, it's okay to turn your head back. After training, you will be able to learn to ride in reverse without much difficulty. Try and everything will work out.
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