Modern bicycles equipped with a gear system allow you to move quickly and with minimal energy losses in any conditions: long climbs, rough terrain, roads with sharp turns that require a constant change in speed and gear ratio. This includes driving against the wind, off-road, poor asphalt quality ... In general, the value of the transmission unit is simply colossal, especially on mountain bikes.
Despite the invaluable help, the transmission is great and requires frequent attention, care, sometimes long and tedious fuss. One of the components that needs to be given time from time to time is the shift mechanism, which consists of a front and rear derailleur. At first glance, the arrangement of these parts seems complicated. In practice, adjusting the speed switch is very simple.
Why do bikes shift badly?
Usually, the thought of needing to fix derailleur problems comes when the chain shifts too hard between the stars, or the gears do not change at all. The problem visits suddenly, as an option, you can contact the master.
However, this issue can be resolved in the service in a couple of minutes, and the money will have to be paid in an hour. Maybe you should take a look yourself?
Before proceeding with the instructions for setting up the bike speed system, let's determine why it does not work correctly:
- The switches are damaged. To solve the problem, a complete replacement is needed.
- Deformed cock - protection of the rear shifter. Usually it is advised to change, but once you can straighten it.
- Worn spring or stretched cable. Needs replacement, adjustment of switches.
Very often, all transmission components are in good condition, and the gears still shift poorly. New or low wear parts installed in the transmission assembly are a common cause of chain sprocket misplay.
Setting switches at home
Now let's figure out how to set up a high-speed system yourself. Derailleurs on bicycles with multi-star transmission are divided into front and rear. The latter are the most vulnerable when riding in a variety of road conditions, the risk of damage is higher compared to the front, but the setting must be done at the very beginning. Obviously, the rear derailleur serves more stars, and therefore it takes longer to set it up.
Attention! If damage is present, and the tensioner is not parallel to the frame and cassette, then the system will not be able to be adjusted correctly!
Rear derailleur setting:
First you need screws L and H - they are visible well, no need to look. There is also a cable adjuster, tension and fixing screws.
- With H, the roller is aligned with the small rear sprocket. By tightening the screw L, we set the roller in line with the large rear sprocket.
- Set the lever to the highest speed.
- Tension and fix the cable with the fixing bolt.
- Large gears must be switched on without interference, otherwise the cable is slightly loosened with the regulator. Additional tension will be needed if the gears do not drop well.
Actually, the setting itself has been made, it remains to adjust the switching accuracy. This is especially true for systems with a large number of stars. To do this, the chain is installed on a large star at the back and a small one at the front. By tightening the tension screw, we achieve the optimal position of the roller - as close as possible to the cassette. The same must be done and vice versa: set the chain to the maximum star in front and the minimum in the back. The roller should not rub against the cassette, just be located next to it.
Rear switch: 1 - retainer, 2 - cable adjuster, 3 - tension bolt, L, H - screws
How to properly set the derailleur on the front:
- Check the attachment of the device.
- Relieve cable tension at minimum speed.
- Screw L to create a gap between the switch housing and the chain (1 mm).
- Fasten the cable with the adjusting bolt.
The same should be done with the H-screw. The maximum speed must be set, and the clearance with the chain must not exceed one millimeter.
Shimanovsky front switch
The speed setting on both bicycle derailleurs is carried out until the chain is freely transferred from one chainring to another. If it goes hard, you need to adjust the correct position of the cable using the adjusting bolt.
After all the manipulations, the entire system is checked. To do this, you need to ride a bike and try all the recommended gear ratios. Note that on mountain bikes, adjusting the transmission is a common periodic procedure, and if the transmission suddenly went tight, we are in no hurry to draw conclusions about the breakdown, but do what is described above.
Do not think that a quality transmission does not need to adjust the shift system. Yes, perhaps for shimano components this will need to be done less frequently, but sooner or later you will still have to face it.
We've just seen a simple way to set up front and rear derailleurs. Is it really necessary? Adjustment of the shift mechanism is necessary for the transmission, like tires for a wheel. Timely assistance to the "node of movement" will not only solve current problems, but also prevent them in the future. Eliminate any inconvenience in time and ride with pleasure!
The gearbox on the VAZ-2110 sometimes starts to act up. If you neglect the care and maintenance of this part of the car, you can get a lot of malfunctions in the operation of the gearbox. As a rule, these are inaccuracies in gear shifting, characteristic “knocking out” of the gear, crunching and clanging when manipulating the gear lever. Some car owners believe that all these symptoms indicate a gearbox failure.
What is the gearshift for?
In fact, most often the gearbox is in good condition, but the wings can fail.
Drawer assembled.
You can replace the node with a new one, or you can get by with competent adjustment of the backstage. Adjusting this element will help troubleshoot and make sure that the problem is with the gearbox rocker. It happens that the car owner begins to simply change one node after another, without understanding the problem, while spending money and time to no avail.
The gearbox rocker itself is designed to speeds do not switch spontaneously . It happens that from an incorrect or lost adjustment, the entire transmission system starts to work incorrectly and may even fail. Therefore, you need to be able to do the adjustment of the gearbox wings with your own hands, especially since this procedure is not difficult.
When does a slider need adjustment?
Gear change mechanism.
- After the replacement or removal of the gearbox on the car.
- When loosening the fixing clamps.
- If the cardan has been changed.
- If the rocker begins to turn on its hinge.
Although the yoke may visually appear to be in place, even the slightest amount of yoke misalignment can cause the gearbox to malfunction. It happens that it is enough to tighten the link to the cardan by 1 mm, after which all the functions of the gearbox will be restored.
Preparation for backstage adjustment
On an old car, it is better to pre-lubricate the backstage mount with a penetrating compound.
Before starting adjustment work, you need to prepare the place and carry out the following preparatory measures:
- The car needs to be put in a pit.
- The hand brake must be fully tightened.
- It is mandatory to install wheel chocks.
For a faster and better adjustment process, all work is best done with an assistant. The process itself can take place in several ways.
The first way to adjust
To adjust, you need to loosen the clamp connecting the backstage drive to the cardan.
This method is the easiest. In this case, the gearbox rocker is controlled by reverse speed.. First of all, you need to loosen the clamp, after which the reverse speed is turned on. Then you need to position the lever in the position you need. After that, the clamp is tightened, and the operation of the entire mechanism is checked.
If it doesn't work the first time, you need to listen for knocks and crackles when switching . They must either decrease or increase. In accordance with this, you need to position the lever in the right direction. If all manipulations do not lead to the desired effect, you need to resort to another method of adjustment.
The second way to adjust
The gear lever should rest against the locking plate (in the photo it is made of light plastic).
This method is used if the first did not lead to the desired results. When using it, you can more clearly position the gearshift lever. This method is as follows:
It happens that some VAZ-2110 cars do not have a plastic limiter lock, so the adjustment in this case is carried out not in first gear, but in neutral.
The third way to adjust
This method is quite complicated. , since it involves the calculation of the depth of the transfer of the checkpoint backstage to the cardan. As a result, the position of the lever in the neutral position can be accurately calculated and adjusted. It happens that with insufficiently accurate calculation, all manipulations lead only to the appearance of rattling when shifting gears.
If adjustment by any of the above methods does not lead to the desired results, there are several options for solving the problem:
- Make a diagnosis at the service station to make sure that the problem is in the wings of the checkpoint.
- You can replace the gearshift.
- You can turn to specialists who will adjust the wings on their own.
Why doesn't adjustment help?
It happens that, despite the adjustments, the wings still rattle.
This problem can be solved by installing a special spring on the backstage. She will hold the lever, eliminating rattling.
Video on how to permanently get rid of the chatter of the gearshift lever
Has the free play of the gearshift lever increased? Lost shift clarity? Is it hard to “find” reverse gear or can’t turn on the first one the first time? If you say yes to all questions (or almost all) and you are a happy owner of a car Daewoo Nexia (Daewoo Nexia), Daewoo Lanos (Daewoo Lanos), Chevrolet Lanos (Chevrolet Lanos), then in this article you can find a solution to your problem. Also, the article will be interesting and useful, no less happy car owners Opel Kadett (Opel Kadett) and Opel Vectra (Opel Vectra).
The reason for the deterioration of gear shifting in these cars is "broken" gear change drive. And there are two solutions to this problem. The first option, the easiest, fastest and most expensive, is to replace the entire drive. The second option, more troublesome and cheaper (significantly cheaper!) repair kit for gearshift drive. Which of the options will be more convenient for you, you can decide after reading the article. So….
Let's start with parts. I think that now it will not be difficult to find in the car market or car shop a repair kit for the gearshift drive for Daewoo Nexia (Daewoo Nexia), Daewoo Lanos (Daewoo Lanos), Chevrolet Lanos (Chevrolet Lanos), consisting (see photo 1) of thrust gear selection and five plastic bushings with rubber rings. For this kit, you should also buy separately - one large shift drive axle and two small ones with spring locks (photo 2). Also, I recommend that the repair of the gear shift drive be carried out in parallel with the replacement of the stem and the gear shift seal. How to do this, you can read. So in most cases, the rod eyes have a rather large output (as an example, a large output - photo 3). As a result, it is better to replace the gearshift rod. Done with parts...
Let's go to the tool. In order to repair the gearshift drive on Daewoo Nexia (Daewoo Nexia), Daewoo Lanos (Daewoo Lanos), Chevrolet Lanos (Chevrolet Lanos) cars, you will need: a hammer, a screwdriver, expanding pliers to remove the retaining rings (photo 4), two drill 5mm, and socket wrench "12".
Removing the gearshift drive from the vehicle:
1. In the engine compartment, loosen the bolt on the clamp connecting the gear shift shaft and the drive (photo 5).
2. We take out the spring retainer and take out the small axis connecting the gear shift rod with the drive (photo 6 and 7).
3. And the last step. We take out the axle connecting the gearshift drive with the bracket (photo 8). To do this, the axis should be slightly turned counterclockwise and, prying with a screwdriver, pull it up.
Drive removed. You can proceed to the main part - Gear shift drive repair.
1. Alternately changes the bushings of the drive hinges - removes the retaining ring with pliers, and disconnect the connection; remove the old bushing and install a new one on the hinge; we press the eyelet onto the sleeve until a groove for the retaining ring appears (photo 9).
2. We change the plastic triangle of the drive (its replacement is very important, since it is always significantly worked out, see photo 10) - we grind the riveted end of the axle, knock it out and install new parts - the triangle and the axle; rivet the end of the new axle (photo 11).
3. And the easiest. We change the bushings and rubber bands on the drive lever itself (photo 12).
Now, as they say, we install the finished product on the car. But we do not tighten the collar connecting the shaft and the gearshift drive.
We are getting ready to adjust the drive and gearshift backstage on Daewoo Nexia (Daewoo Nexia), Daewoo Lanos (Daewoo Lanos), Chevrolet Lanos (Chevrolet Lanos) cars.
1. Set the box to the neutral position. We find on the gearbox mechanism, the plug of the adjusting hole (photo 13). And we pull it out (photo 14).
In its place we insert a drill with a diameter of 5 mm and slowly turning the switching shaft, we feel for the fixing hole (photo 15).
2. After that, we climb into the salon and …. "Lanosovody" simply remove the cover from the gearshift backstage, but the owners of the Nexia are engaged in a small disassembly of the cabin (photos 16 and 17). After that, we find the adjustment holes on the casing and the wings. We combine them and fix them with a second drill (photo 18).
3. When everything is fixed with us, you can tighten the clamp connecting the shaft and the gear shift drive.
4. We take out the drills, install the plug and check how the gears change.
If everything is done correctly, then additional adjustment is no longer required. Transfers will be all "in place". True, the wings will be a little tight, but as practice shows, this is not for a long time, for the first 3-4 days.
UPD 01/03/2016
I began to notice that recently, on Daewoo Lanos and Daewoo Nexia cars, after repair or complete replacement and final adjustment of the gearshift drive, after a certain time, these same gears begin to be lost again. You check, everything is fine, all the details are in place. You do a re-adjustment, after which there are no problems with the gears. But, not for long. A day or two, and again the transmissions fled. I had to look for a problem that lay in the backstage clamp and economical Chinese manufacturers.
In the original gear shift drives drive shaft diameter is 13.6mm, and on Chinese products, the shaft diameter varies from 12.5 to 12.9 mm. Plus, to this, the threads on the bolt and the clamp were covered with rust, which also prevented the tightening of the clamp from being used to the end. And these two factors, combined, became the reason why the adjustment of the drive was constantly lost. The way out of this situation is simple - we remove the clamp and, using a tap, and a die (8 * 1mm), drive the threads. Install the clamp and tighten the bolt. Mission Complete! Transmissions are no longer lost)))
Therefore, I recommend to all motorists, after repair and especially after replacing the gearshift drive, remove the clamp and drive the threads. This idea will not take much time, but it will allow you to avoid unpleasant surprises.
When using an article or photos, an active direct hyperlink to the site www.!
Not all motorists are aware of the name of this or that part in their car. At the same time, we are talking not only about the mechanisms “hidden” in the engine, but also about the devices with which they interact literally every day. One of these parts is the gearbox linkage.
Please note: The name "swing" is not official for this mechanism, but it is generally accepted. In fact, this part is called the transmission control drive rod.
Table of contents:What is a checkpoint link
Many drivers mistakenly believe that the backstage refers to the gear lever, but this is not entirely true. If we are talking about the gearbox rocker, we mean a composite mechanism, the task of which is to connect the gear lever and the stem. That is, the driver cannot see the backstage, let alone touch it. This element is located between the lever and the gearbox itself, and it is located under the bottom of the car, near the propeller shaft, and in some cases under the gear lever itself.
As can be understood from the description, the backstage regularly has to deal with serious loads, so this element must have good strength. Despite this, the wings are prone to damage. If there are not enough lubricating components in it, drops of water, dust or other "garbage" have got into it, there is a high risk of failure of the part.
Please note: On some cars, the backstage can work 200-300 or even more than a thousand kilometers without replacement. But, if we take the average result, usually the gearbox link fails at 100 thousand kilometers of operation.
Signs of wear on the gearbox
The driver must pay attention to the possible failure of the vehicle's components, including the characteristic signs of wear on the gearbox backstage in order to take timely action to replace it. Despite the fact that the mechanism is quite reliable, you should be aware of the following "symptoms" of its imminent breakdown:
Drivers often ignore the appearance of play in the gearbox, believing that this is a normal situation. In fact, if there is a backlash, it is imperative to diagnose the gearbox, and if necessary, adjust or replace the rocker. The fact is that a slight backlash is already a fairly serious symptom of a malfunction of the gearbox backstage. If it is “torn off” while the car is moving, this can lead to serious consequences for both the car and the driver, since there is a high risk of getting into an accident in such a situation. That is why, if you notice the presence of problems with the gearshift of the gearbox, be sure to contact the service center for diagnostics and repair of the backstage, if necessary.
Gearbox adjustment
It is not always necessary to completely or partially replace the backstage. Quite often, you can limit yourself to a simple adjustment. At the same time, it is possible to adjust the backstage with your own hands, without contacting a service center. There are two ways to adjust:
It is worth noting that the general processes for adjusting the gearbox backstage are described above. It is important to say that the process may differ depending on the car, so before starting work, it is recommended that you read the instructions specifically for your car model.
If the gears turn on with difficulty, there are difficulties with the choice of gear, which prevents the inclusion, etc., then in some cases it is enough to adjust the gear shift drive. At the same time, you can adjust the drive both at the service station and on your own.
Read in this article
Before you regulate something, you need to have an idea of how this or that mechanism works, how it works, etc. To begin with, let's look at the device and the principle of operation of a manual gearbox (gearbox) in general terms.
The gearbox converts and transmits to the drive wheels so that the car can start and change speed. There are four types of gearboxes: mechanical, and.
The first two types are the most common today. Taking into account the fact that the manual transmission or “mechanics” has a simpler device, we will consider just such a unit as an example.
A mechanical box is, relatively speaking, a set of shafts (input and output) and a set of gears on each of the shafts. The gears on the shafts are engaged and thus interact with each other.
The driver, using the gear lever, can determine which pairs of gears will work, that is, select the desired gear. At the same time, the manual transmission also has to be squeezed out so that the torque is not transmitted to the gearbox (to the input shaft).
Like any other mechanism, the shift drive has certain settings that go astray over time. This can cause problems with the control of the box. In other words, if the gears turn on poorly, there can be many reasons, with one of them being the need to adjust the drive.
By and large, the entire adjustment of the gearshift mechanism in a garage comes down to working on the gear selection rod. It is also called the backstage. In a nutshell, the link is the device that connects the gear lever to the gearbox. During its wear, problems such as:
- increased backlash of the shift lever;
- incorrect inclusion of gears (instead of the selected one, another one is switched on);
- when switching, you have to make more effort than before;
- extraneous sounds occur when the lever is moved.
When the described problems appear, it may often be necessary to completely replace or adjust the backstage. In this case, the procedure for setting the scenes is not complicated. The main thing is to know how to adjust the drive. Below are general recommendations, as depending on the make and model of the car, some nuances may arise.
To adjust the shift rod, you will need tools:
- key for 12 end;
- pliers;
There are two easy ways to adjust. There will be one common action for them: loosen (and then tighten again) the backstage clamp. Its location may vary depending on the model and brand of car (you can check the manual).
- By reverse gear. The method allows to solve the problem of incorrect inclusion of speeds in the vast majority of cases. It consists in the fact that after loosening the clamp (this will require a key), reverse gear is engaged (with the engine turned off, in compliance with safety regulations). The shift lever is set to the desired position and the clamp is tightened again.
- Also, the adjustment of the gears can be carried out in first gear. To do this, you need to turn it on, and then loosen the clamp. Further, the backstage drive is rotated clockwise until the gearbox selector rests against the plastic stupor of the reverse gear. It feels good. Then the clamp is tightened again, after which the adjustment can be considered completed.
What is the result
As you can see, shifting problems do not always mean that an expensive or major gearbox repair is needed. In many cases (if there are no other signs and reasons), it is enough to know how to adjust the gearbox, that is, the backstage on the manual transmission. In this case, this procedure can be performed independently.
Finally, we note that with regard to automatic transmissions, even taking into account the fact that such a box has a complex device, you can also configure the automatic box.
In this case, correctly performed automatic transmission cable adjustments allow you to get rid of, as well as achieve smoothness and clarity during gear changes.
Read also
Why can it be difficult to engage gears or not engage first gear, second, reverse, etc. The main causes of gearbox malfunctions, recommendations.
