Tesla Model S is the dream of any hipster or geek... but have they ever wondered how to charge this gadget?

Yeah, the flyers talk about the stations Tesla Supercharger, which allow you to accumulate energy in 30 minutes, which is enough for 270 kilometers.
And yes, they don't cheat. But they do not say that in basic configuration this type of charge is available only for a more expensive modification with a battery capacity of 85 kWh, for a simpler modification (60 kWh) you will have to pay €1,700 for the Supercharger option at the order stage, or €2,100 for a car that is already in service . For the "youngest model" with battery 40 kWh Supercharger option is not available.

Of course, the P85 and P85D configurations are the most interesting, and the Supercharger option is enabled in them, so we will use it ... for this we will have to go to Austria, and the Model S P85 will not reach there without recharging.

Or wait until the end of 2016 when Tesla stations Supercharger will appear in Lviv and Zhytomyr. At least that's what it says on the website. Tesla Motors.

The idea of ​​going to Zhytomyr to refuel, of course, will appeal to hipsters :)

Well, why immediately tune in to the negative. The car can be recharged at home or at work. This option is also possible and Charger installed in each car, and comes with a Mobile Connector that allows you to connect to a regular outlet. And for a surcharge of € 1200, you can install Dual Charger, which allows you to charge the battery twice as fast.

Without the Dual Charger option, the car can accumulate a charge sufficient for 55 kilometers in an hour, and up to 110 kilometers with the option. Wonderful!

But what is the consumption? 11 kW and 22 kW respectively. Re-read again. Yes, twice. And now let's remember that when designing electrical networks, the allocated power of 10 kW per apartment in a house equipped with electric stoves is considered the norm. Yes, in principle, we can also consume 11 kW ... But if we want to turn on the boiler (hello, hot water!), air conditioning, or cook dinner on an electric stove or in the oven? And imagine “elite housing”, under the windows of every second apartment of which Tesla S is parked?

In the case of a single-phase socket, Tesla Motors recommends installing a special socket no further than 4.5 meters from the charging socket on the car, the wiring to this socket must be made with a copper wire with a cross section of at least 6 sq. mm and must be connected to a separate "automatic device" rated at 32A. Are you sure that you can provide such conditions at home?

Of course, this is not necessary, a "regular outlet" will also do.

From standard sockets Model S will consume 3 kW, which means ... which means it will charge slowly. How slow? Well, in theory, a fully depleted P85D battery will be fully charged in more than a day. And with the charge mode "every night" (9 hours), the daily range will not exceed 125 kilometers.

And if it's winter, and you will turn on the interior heating? Or air conditioning in the summer? And if you want to sleep at night with the heater or air conditioner on at home?

In fact, 100 km a day is enough for most city dwellers, but I'm skeptical. First of all, due to the lack of infrastructure. And by the word “infrastructure”, I don’t mean Tesla Supercharger stations, but the ability to get enough allocated power from the energy company for comfortable operation of an electric car.

All these considerations are very subjective, after reading the recommendation to change the wiring in the garage to AWG6 (which is 13.3 sq. mm) for American users.

270 KM OF RANGE IN AS LITTLE AS 30 MINUTES. The Tesla Supercharger recharges Model S quickly. Super fast. Superchargers are for refueling quickly on road trips. A Supercharger can charge about half the battery in 20 minutes.
Hereinafter, official prices for Europe are given.
In case of single phase input.

Yuri Novostavsky
boring guy

Potential Buyers motor vehicle before purchasing, study its characteristics and weigh the pros and cons of buying specific model a certain brand. Speaking of the Tesla Model S car, which runs only on electricity, it is extremely important to study the issue of refueling it in advance. The variety of fuel stations allows you to forget about the difficulties of refueling, and what it will mean for the owner charger car.

Supercharger stations for recharging Tesla

Supercharger stations are designed for accelerated recharging of the energy reserve necessary for the movement of an electric vehicle. At these stations charging timeteslamodels 100% charge takes 75 minutes, half to 20 minutes and 40 minutes for 80% charge. Recharging is carried out with a power of 120 kW, while the provided power of the basic recharging inverter is 10 kW, and the additional one is 20 kW. A network of Superchargers stations can be found at North America and Europe. They work for solar panels and offer their customers free charging. Working hours 7 days a week and 24 hours a day. Unfortunately, there are no such charging points in Russia, but this does not mean that the owner will have special difficulties with the so-called refueling of an electric car.

Self-charging electric vehicle

Real solution to the problem how to chargeteslamodels in Russia is an independent so-called car refueling. It depends on the type of chargers and sockets, how much is chargingteslamodels. The electric car is equipped with a charger for obtaining direct current from alternating current, which is available at any outlet.

The 5 pin red 16 amp IEC 60309 Red socket allows you to charge the car at 55 kW per hour, when using a power amplifier. The socket supports three-phase current with a voltage of 380 volts. It can be connected in a personal garage or found at gas stations or car washes, since the equipment they use mainly involves connecting to a 380-volt outlet. The main condition is to obtain permission from the staff to use it.

Another possible variant- refueling at Type 2 stations, which can also be found in Russia. To do this, you need to purchase a cable with adapters that allows you to connect an electric car for subsequent recharging. Charging timeteslamodels 100% in this case will only take 4 hours. In addition to the cable, Type 2 chargers themselves are on sale, which the car owner can install in any place convenient for him. Full refueling in 1.5 hours the ChaDeMo station provides. It is rarely found on the roads of Russia, but is available for purchase.

Car charging cable provided in standard equipment Tesla designed for European automotive market, provides the ability to recharge an electric vehicle from a regular 220-volt euro socket. This is the longest way, which takes a whole day to fully charge the electric vehicle.

Tesla cars are getting more and more popular every year. The number of owners of electric vehicles in Russia is also gradually growing. Many people who first hear about this car, interested in the question how to charge a Tesla car in Russia? In fact, charging vehicles is not a novelty for a long time and is quite common in most countries of the world.

Tesla gas stations in Russia

The number of happy Tesla owners is confirmed by statistics: in 2013 there were only 8 cars in Russia, in just 2 years this figure reached 122 registered Teslas. According to unofficial data, the number of cars has long reached 300 copies. On this moment you can meet an electric car on the streets of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kazan, Khabarovsk, Perm, Saransk and other cities.

Moscow Tesla Club has been trying to make the life of the owners for several years popular car much more convenient and comfortable. Map of Tesla gas stations in Russia clearly demonstrates successful work club.

But not all regions of our country are ready to accept Tesla. Now projects for high-speed electric refueling ChaDeMo cars are only at the development stage, but there are operating stations in Moscow. Such Tesla gas stations in Russia planned to open in all major centers countries. The Model S and Model X are equipped with free car charging for Supercharger stations. However, owners do not always need a station in every city. Full battery enough for more than 300 km, which allows you to travel without problems. It is only necessary to connect the electric car to the network at night, as, for example, mobile phone. The machines are provided with a map where the places where food was produced are automatically marked.

How to charge Tesla in Russia

The fastest and affordable way charging an electric car for most people is from a home network. Popular questions for motorists: how to charge Tesla in Russia more convenient and how long does it take? Car charging is a little different from the view. The European specification provides for power from three-phase current, which affects the speed of charge, unlike American version. Let's answer each question in detail.

Each Tesla car has a connector where the device is connected. The electric car comes with a special charger (called the Mobile Connector). But in addition, you can buy other equipment - High Power Wall Connector, allowing you to charge the car much faster in your own garage. There is also an adapter that allows you to power through a regular outlet with a voltage of 220V.

When connected to a three-phase red socket, a charge for 100 km lasts about one hour. Full charge car takes no more than 8 hours. From ordinary socket it takes too much time - in 60 minutes you can get less than 20 km. A home outlet requires grounding, without which the electric vehicle will not charge. Otherwise, the power supply may be less than 3 kW, which affects the time. In this case, a full charge will last more than 30 hours.

Tesla charge can be performed at different climatic conditions- from -30 to +45 degrees Celsius, which makes it possible to use an electric car in many regions of Russia.

The first place to charge a car is charging stations Tesla in Russia. The second most common place is own house. Another option for charging is car washes that have three-phase red sockets.

To charge, you only need to plug the equipment into a socket and connect it to an electric vehicle. In order for the door with the connector to open in the machine, press the button located on one side of the cable. After that in taillight a special connector opens where you need to insert the cable. If the equipment is working properly, the indicators near the headlights will turn green.

Don't worry about power surges. Teslas are equipped with a device that monitors voltage. If it is higher than necessary, the current strength is limited. Also, there is no recharging of the batteries - this allows you to charge the car without waiting for a complete discharge. From everything we can conclude: Tesla is developing very quickly, charging an electric car is not a problem for the inhabitants of Russia.

"How to charge?"- this is probably the first question that arises in a person interested in electric vehicles. And in the conditions of Belarus - the question is doubly interesting. We will approach it with the example of the European Tesla Model S as the first decent electric car that is now on the market. We continue the promised cycle of publications.

Let's remember physics: volts, amperes and kilowatts

First, some basic information about electric current. If you did well in school and know how volts differ from amps and kilowatts, you can safely skip this information.

The battery capacity of a car is measured in kilowatt-hours, in our case the battery has a capacity of 85 kWh. This means that, theoretically, it can produce 85 kW of power for one hour or, respectively, 85 hours to produce 1 kW. To replenish the battery, you need to do the opposite - apply 85 kW to it for an hour, or apply 1 kW to it for 85 hours. Of course, in reality there are losses, and charging does not always go at the same speed, but the general idea is this.

A watt as a unit of power is a volt (voltage) multiplied by an ampere (current). To understand the difference between current and voltage, the water analogy is best. Voltage is, figuratively speaking, the pressure of water, and current strength is the diameter of the pipe. To pump the same volume of water (kilowatt-hours), you can, for example, pump water through a narrow pipe with a high head or a wide pipe with a low head.

If the pipe is wide and with high pressure, then the filling process is fast. Otherwise, slowly. For high voltage good conductor insulation is needed (thick pipe wall), for great strength current - sufficient cable cross-section (pipe thickness).

Now let's talk about sockets. A typical household euro socket has a nominal voltage of 220 V and a maximum current, usually 16 A or less. If we multiply the voltage by the current or 220 V × 16 A, we get the maximum consumer power of 3520 W, or about 3.5 kW.

Another common type of outlet is three-phase, with an interphase voltage of 380 V (the voltage of each phase is the same 220 V). It is less common in everyday life (electric stoves), but is ubiquitous in production, where powerful equipment is used. Most often, a three-phase socket has the same maximum current of 16 A, which, taking into account three phases, gives us 220 V × 16 A × 3 = 10.5 kW. This European-style socket has a red color and five contacts arranged in a circle. For convenience, we will call it a red rosette.

There are also single-phase sockets for 32 A ( of blue color), but they are extremely rare.

Since the power supply uses alternating current, and the battery is charged with constant current, it must be "straightened" using a charger. The same thing happens when you charge your laptop or mobile phone. Only in the case of Tesla charger the device is installed inside the car. The Model S comes with one 11kW charger as standard, and you can optionally add a second charger for a total charging power of 22kW.

Also included with the machine is the so-called Mobile Connector, which is similar in shape to a charger, although in fact it is just smart connection cable. For the German market, two adapters are included: one for a regular Euro socket, the other for a three-phase red socket. And that's just what we need! In the case of the American Model S, you will receive a set of single-phase American sockets different power and the inability to charge from a three-phase outlet in principle! This is the main and very significant limitation of "American women".

Mobile Connector

The car itself, destined for Europe, houses the Mennekes Type 2 charging connector. Introduced in 2009, it was adopted as a single European standard for electric vehicles. Today it is used in Renault Zoe and BMW i3. The main advantage of Type 2 is the ability to work with both direct and alternating current, with a single or three-phase network. In addition, it is much safer than conventional plug-in connections, since the transfer of energy begins only after the plug is fully connected and the car and the cable “agree” among themselves on the type electric current and charging power. In the case of the American Model S, the car will have a connector of its own unique design, more compact, but not supporting three-phase current.

First charge - at the car wash!

Now that we have dealt with the cables and sockets, you can start charging. For the first time in Belarus, our car was charged at the Peugeot car wash. The employees were sympathetic to the electric car and allowed to use their three-phase red socket. As it turns out, powerful professional sinks high pressure use just this type.

Open the trunk, take out the Mobile Connector, plug it into a power outlet. The indicator lights up green - everything is ready for charging. On the opposite side of the cable there is a handle with a button and a Type 2 connector. We press the button in the handle, and in the taillight with driver's side the door opens. We insert the connector, three LEDs in the headlight start blinking green - charging has begun!

On the screen in the Tesla cabin, you can see the mains voltage of 230 V (in our case, phase) and the current strength. The car gradually begins to increase the current and at the same time monitors the voltage. If suddenly a voltage drop is detected with an increase in power or its fluctuation, the current strength will be limited. This is how network overload protection works.

In our case, the wiring was quite new, so the car quickly reached the maximum for of this type 16 A sockets and started charging at a power of 11 kW. About a quarter of the battery needed to be charged to a "full tank" and the estimated charge time was 2 hours. Not fast, to say the least. Nevertheless, while the car was put in order, it was possible to charge almost completely. Good for a start. A full charge from the red socket will take about 8 hours.

If the car is closed during charging, the Mobile Connector is blocked in the connector and all illumination is turned off so as not to attract too much attention.

After a trip around the city, it's time to check the charging speed in the garage from a regular outlet. And here came the bummer: the Mobile Connector blinked red four times, which is an indication of the lack of grounding. No "ground" - no charge. Very often, electricians are not serious about grounding, so you can find ungrounded or “zeroed” sockets everywhere. So the presence of a euro socket in the wall does not guarantee you the opportunity to recharge from it. Even if you are lucky and there is a ground, the charging speed will be four times slower than the red socket, since the maximum power in this case is only 3 kW. A full charge will take over 33 hours!

If you want to charge at home faster than the red outlet allows, you must optional equipment. One charger installed in the car, by default, allows you to charge at a power of 11 kW. The optional second one can be installed directly at the factory or added later, in which case the maximum charging power will be 22 kW. In addition, you will need to install the High Power Wall Connector (HPWC), which is almost a complete analogue of the Mobile Connector, only installed permanently and has a thicker cable.

If HPWC is the only alternative in America, in Europe you can buy a similar device with a Type 2 connector and the corresponding cable. But in the case of a cable from third party manufacturers you will not be able to open the charging hatch by pressing the button in the cable. You will have to open it from the central screen or from a mobile phone through the application, which is not very convenient. Power of 22 kW will allow you to fully charge in 4 hours.

But perhaps the biggest problem with 22 kW charging is allocating the appropriate power. If you can't get 22 kW at the car parking lot, it doesn't make sense to order a second charger in the car and HPWC. For convenience in the garage, it is best to purchase a second Mobile Connector and use it as a stationary one, permanently connected to a power outlet. And carry the original with you in the trunk, just in case you need to recharge on the road. Most likely, on the way you will be charged from a regular (if you are lucky with grounding) or a red outlet. Even if you suddenly find a Type 2 connector with a power of 22 kW at the Belarusian electric filling station of the future, then 4 hours is still too long for recharging during the day. In the case of charging at night, the difference of 4 or 8 hours does not matter.

Why cities don't need electric refueling

Now let's talk about electric stations. This is the most asked question to the owner of an electric car. Oddly enough, in the city, Tesla owners do not need electric stations in principle. Real stock travel is 300-350 km, in the worst case (when minus 20 Celsius and traffic jams) it drops to 200 km. In the evening you put the car on charge (just like a mobile phone), and in the morning you always " full tank» (if red outlet or HPWC). In the case of a conventional outlet, a “full tank” may not work, especially in winter. Therefore, the best electric refueling is a red outlet in your home.

Is it possible to operate a Tesla normally if you do not have a garage or parking space? Since the installation of the home red socket was delayed, and the euro socket in the garage did not have grounding, we drove the first thousand kilometers in the "parking near the house" mode. Thanks to the kind people at the Peugeot car wash, at Atlant-M Britannia and DAF Trucks, we used their red sockets every few days. In all cases, there were no problems, with the exception of two points - you have to wait a long time for charging to complete and wipe the cable from dust and dirt before putting it back in the trunk. Night charging is much more pleasant: you sleep - the car is charging. During the day it is very inconvenient.

The Model S can be charged at any time without having to wait until it is completely empty. The battery has no memory effect, will not recharge if you leave it plugged in for for a long time. The manufacturer generally recommends leaving it connected all the time until you drive. This is especially important in winter severe frost. You can remotely turn on the climate control and warm up both the interior and the car battery from the mains. Another handy feature is the automatic marking on the map of all the places where you have ever charged. Thus, after some time, own card"electric stations".

Is it possible to "reset the extension cord" from the apartment? Theoretically yes, practically no. Firstly, it will be unsafe in rain or snow, and secondly, charging from a regular outlet takes a catastrophically long time. Therefore, in order to use an electric car normally, installing a three-phase red socket next to permanent place parking at work or at home is priority which should be taken care of in advance.

To install a three-phase socket at home, you, in a good way, will need to make a project, go through the stages of approvals, mount sockets, lay cables and, it is possible, install an additional electricity meter. All this can be undertaken by a specialized organization that deals with electrics. In each case, the timing, cost, availability will vary electrical power. Therefore, before thinking about buying an electric car, you definitely need to understand for yourself how you will solve the issue of charging.

But what about the electric refueling on the A-100, you ask? After all, the slogan on a huge poster reads “Electric cars refuel here”, and on a special pedestal, like a monument, stands a lonely nissan leaf. As it turned out from a conversation with the gas station staff, they have no idea how it works: “The bosses are playing this electric car, and we don’t know anything.”

On the second attempt, with a request to clarify the situation, the employee went to his superiors, who did not even deign to leave the office and look at the first living customer of an electric refueling station in the country. "It is for official use», - said, as she cut off, the lady at the cash desk after a visit to the authorities.

We approached Nissan and found out that the “subcompact car” is charged by “slow” charging through the old Type 1 connector. In any case, without dancing with adapters that are not there, Model S will not be able to charge there, and it will take too much time. Thus, "electric refueling" on the "A-100" is simply not a completely correct marketing ploy.

If in the city of Tesla - this is almost an ideal option for everyday driving, That long journeys on an electric car in conditions of Eastern Europe currently represent big problem. You can still go to Vilnius by agreeing there with the owner of the red socket for the night, but to Moscow - no longer. This requires a network of fast chargers that would be on the tracks.

Main difference fast charging from slow in that it immediately supplies direct current high power directly to the battery, bypassing the charger built into the car. in the USA and Europe Tesla develops its own network of electric charging stations, which are called Supercharger. Depending on the version they charge direct current with a voltage of 400 V and power from 90 to 135 kW. Moreover, stations with a capacity of 150 kW will be launched in the summer. For Tesla owners Model S use of these chargers is unlimited and free of charge. This charge allows you to replenish half the battery in 20 minutes.

It will take more time to fully charge the battery, because when charging after 80% of full capacity, the battery starts to heat up more and the power must be reduced. The company has very ambitious plans to develop the Supercharger network in Western Europe and the US. As for Eastern Europe, no specific information has yet been announced.

Existing network of Supercharger stations in North America

Network development plans in North America by 2015

Existing network of Supercharger stations in Europe

Network development plans by 2015 in Europe

The second, universal, fast charging option is the Chademo network. The idea is the same, but not for free and with maximum power at 50 kW. For Model S, there is a special adapter that allows you to charge from these stations. Chademo connector has enough big size and nowhere near as comfortable as the Type 2.

Tesla cars are only gaining their popularity in Russia when in the USA vehicle found almost as often as the "Zhiguli" in the CIS. The only thing that stops the popularization of electric cars in Russia is an insufficient amount stations for charging electric vehicles. Most gas stations are located within Moscow and St. Petersburg. Moving outside these cities, you can see that the number of gas stations is gradually decreasing, while in the US the number of stations for electric vehicles is almost equal to the number of conventional gas stations. In the article we will consider the lineup Tesla vehicles and the power reserve of these vehicles.

About company

Tesla is an American company that produces premium electric vehicles. Was founded in 2003. It is named after the famous physicist and electrical engineer Nikola Tesla. At the moment, Elon Musk leads this company.

The company gained the greatest popularity after the release of the first generation Tesla Model S, which went on sale in 2012. The car had two modifications: one with a power of 60 kWh, the second - 85 kWh. The electric motor is located at the rear of the car. In 2015, a version with two engines per axle was introduced. After that, each car of the company is equipped with two engines. The Tesla S has a range of 442 to 502 kilometers.

In 2012, Tesla's Model S was awarded "Car of the Year" by the renowned Motor Trend magazine.

Technical features of model X

Specifications models depend on the configuration, which have this vehicle three:

"Tesla" model X

Model X from Tesla is an SUV equipped with two electric motors. Most of the power is located in rear engine for technical reasons.

Externally, the car looks very futuristic, reminiscent of something extraterrestrial. Main Feature this model from the company "Tesla" are rear doors that open like the wings of a bird. This solution was applied by designers for more comfortable fit and disembarkation of second and third row passengers. It is also an advantage when parking, as it requires only 30 centimeters of free space on the sides of the car, which is significantly less than conventional vehicles.

Optionally, the buyer can purchase a five-, six- and seven-seater SUV. Also useful feature is the third row of seats, which is able to fold flush with the floor, which increases the volume luggage compartment three times.

Car prices start at $132,000 (8,683,000 rubles) for the base trim and $142,000 (9,339,000) for the top trim with an engine power of 772 horsepower. In this configuration maximum margin The Tesla X model travels 400 kilometers, which is 11 kilometers less than the 90D configuration.

Model X power reserve

Power reserve X depends on equipment. At minimum configuration this figure is 354 kilometers, and the maximum is 411 kilometers. The P90D version has a range of 400 kilometers, after which the car will need to be charged, which lasts from 4 to 12 hours depending on the current, charging method and plug.

Reviews about "Tesla" Х

The main advantage is that the car does not pollute environment. car battery consists of many small 18650 batteries. Therefore, after a cell fails, you can find a damaged cell and replace it without buying a whole assembly of batteries.

Also an important advantage is aluminum body, which is not susceptible to corrosion and weighs less than steel. Appearance car resembles many serial crossovers, but still has its own characteristics, for example, rear wing doors.

A huge tablet with which you can control all the functions of the car, including navigation system, watching videos, movies, listening to tracks and much more.

Tesla's power reserve directly depends on the temperature overboard. This is considered a disadvantage, since the built-in lithium-ion batteries very demanding on temperature and weather conditions.

As for the seasons, it also has its own characteristics:

Technical features of the S model

The base model S uses liquid cooling. The car is equipped with an electric motor alternating current capacity 362 horsepower. The car accelerates to hundreds in 2.7 seconds, which is faster than many serial sedans premium.

This car is considered the quietest serial electric car. The top-end equipment costs 140 thousand dollars (9,200,000 rubles), the basic one costs half as much. The range of the top-end Tesla S is 507 kilometers, which is almost 100 kilometers more than the SUV of this company.

Model S: description

Externally, the Tesla Model S is a bit like " Ford Mondeo". This is where their similarity ends. The first thing owners notice petrol cars- the absence of a radiator grille, since it is simply not needed here. The front optics look very fresh, here it is fully LED, has the so-called cilia on the top and bottom of the headlight. The Tesla logo is located in a small opening between the bumper and the bonnet.

External door handles the same as in modern models"Lexus" and "Range Rover", namely, move forward when the car is unlocked from the key and retract when it is locked.

The roof of the car is panoramic, inside the cabin looks very attractive. Thanks to this, there is always enough light in the cabin. Since outwardly the car is not particularly remarkable, it is worth talking about its interior.

Inside the car looks quite minimalist, except for the large touch screen. He is at the same time on-board computer, and a multimedia center, and a navigation system.

The car became popular due to the introduction of not only lane keeping, but also full autopilot. To turn it on, there are special buttons on the steering wheel. But you can’t just break away from the steering wheel, since the car will require hands on the steering wheel once a minute, otherwise it will emergency stop and will not move until it switches from autopilot to manual control.

Since the car is fully electric, the presence of mechanical box gear is meaningless. Therefore, the car has a speedless gearbox. Gear shifting is not audible at all, as well as third-party noise, with the exception of the quietest hum of the electric motor.

This car will not go forever, so it needs to be charged. Many filling stations have at least one electric vehicle charging station that can fill up a car in a matter of hours.

Model S range

The range of the car in the basic configuration is 412 kilometers, in the top one, which is designated P100D - 507 kilometers. The charging time of this car will be the same hours as that of a Tesla SUV. The Tesla S battery assembly consists of 16 blocks, each of which must be replaced separately.

After testing the Tesla car, the Model S was named one of the most safe cars on the market, even considering the fact that it consists entirely of electrics. He received five stars from the "Euro NKAP" commission.