Electric cars are the cars of the future pros and cons. Pros and cons of an electric car in the US

174 years have passed since the appearance of the first electric car. By the way, the electric car appeared before the engine internal combustion. For a century and a half, plug-in cars have been getting faster, better, more affordable and, as a result, more popular. And yet, while the appearance of such vehicle on the road is the exception rather than the rule. What are the main advantages and disadvantages of electric cars, and what must happen in order for them to be able to defeat their gasoline competitors.

Are electric cars really trending?

In 2014, the share of electric vehicles in Norway reached an impressive 20.3%. Now every fifth vehicle registered in this Scandinavian country has an electric motor. This happened largely thanks to the efforts of the state. The purchase of an electric car is not taxed, the owners of such cars are provided with free travel on paid sections trails, as well as preferential parking in the centers of large cities.

Some recognition was achieved by electric vehicles in Russia. A number of businessmen and entrepreneurs have already acquired their own electric vehicle - from Dmitry Grishin, CEO of Mail.ru Group, to German Gref, head of Sberbank, and the wife of Communications Minister Nikolai Nikiforov. At the end of January, a “historic” event happened in Barnaul: a local businessman bought an electric car on lease for his company for the first time.

Supports the trend and Ukraine. In December 2014, it became known about the forthcoming commissioning of 34 new stations for recharging cars powered by electric energy. And not only expensive models Tesla, but also more affordable, like those made by Nissan or Renault. In January 2015, an experimental taxi service was also launched in Kyiv, the fleet of which consists of environmentally friendly and economical electric vehicles. In terms of government assistance there, however, not everything is as good as in Norway - after paying VAT and import duties, the price of an electric car in the country will increase by an average of 40%.

One of the most convenient countries for owners of electric vehicles is the United States. In particular, those who have given up gasoline live comfortably on the west coast - in San Diego, San Francisco and Portland, 100 "filling" stations for such cars are "scattered" throughout the city. Enough to get around the city streets and not worry about not being left in the middle of the road with a dead battery.

Still, electric vehicles are still a long way from becoming mainstream. In order to seriously fight petrol cars, the industry still has to eliminate many disadvantages in the design and operation of electric cars.

The main disadvantages of electric cars

Much has been said about the advantages of electric vehicles. First, they are much more efficient than those that run on gasoline. On average, an electric car converts about 60% of electrical energy into mechanical energy. At the same time, a car running on gasoline uses fuel with an efficiency of 17-20%.

Secondly, such vehicles are simply ideal from an environmental point of view. They don't pollute environment dangerous exhaust gases, and the production of "fuel" for them does not require the devastation of natural oil reserves.

There are also many negative points associated with the use of such machines. For example, they still do not allow long trips for several hundred kilometers and are intended mainly for movement within the same city. It is still impossible to imagine an electric car that can easily withstand a trip from Moscow to St. Petersburg.

On the one hand, it would be easy to get rid of this minus by building a developed network of electric car battery recharging stations. But here, not everything is so smooth. Full charge time modern electric car can be an hour at best, but it usually takes several hours to charge a vehicle. Even a quick and partial recharge takes at least 30 minutes. What the driver should do all this time is not clear. Electric car manufacturers advise charging their cars at home at night.

Finally, electric vehicles are simply very expensive. Prices for an economy class model start at $20,000 or $30,000. Tesla Model S will cost the buyer already 100 thousand. In the United States, the number of leasing programs has increased over the past two years and long term lease electric cars, however, even here the price for the average buyer remains quite high. The cheapest offers start at $200 per month before taxes and additional fees. The same Model S in 2013 could be leased for $500 a month. To do this, it was necessary to pay 10 percent of the total cost of the car. In reality, the monthly payments for the program were more than a thousand dollars, since the promotional offer also gave a price without taking into account local and federal taxes.

What has Elon Musk done for the industry?

When it comes to electric vehicles, the name of the head Tesla Motors Elon Musk pops up by itself. It was Musk, although not the founder of Tesla, who over the past few years has done everything for the mass promotion and commercialization of electric cars.

The entrepreneur took over the company in early 2004 with the goal of making electric-powered vehicles commercially available within a few years. First for a small group of sports car fans, and then for everyone else.

Musk's main approach was to abandon the closed development model and switch to selling contracts for the use of his technologies to other companies. Daimler and Toyota signed cooperation agreements with Tesla. Both companies have invested in Tesla and are using Musk's systems to develop their own electric cars. According to the entrepreneur, the industry will develop much faster as soon as electric cars on the market become available to the average buyer.

In June 2014, Elon Musk also announced that Tesla technology patents can now be used by any company that develops the production of its own electric vehicles. According to the entrepreneur, unfortunately, the reality is that so far, sales of electric cars account for no more than one percent of all sales. automotive industry, and this can only be changed by the massive dissemination of currently available production technologies in this area.

How are the popularity of electric cars and oil prices related?

At the end of 2014, the electric vehicle industry suddenly faced new problem- Falling oil prices. Traditionally (for the last 5-7 years) it was believed that the limited oil resources on the planet and their gradual depletion will automatically make electric vehicles the dominant means of transportation in the future. However, when the cost of oil dropped from more than $100 to a modest figure of $45-50 per barrel, experts began to say that electric cars might not survive to a happy future.

American experts in the field of renewable energy believe that cheap oil will begin to negatively affect sales of electric cars as early as 2015. Constantly rising in price of fuel pushed people to give up gasoline and switch to electric cars. In the same way, low-cost oil will gradually increase popularity again large SUVs. This will be especially noticeable in the United States, where large, gas-consuming cars are traditionally more popular than ordinary city models.

Cheap oil also cannot be endless, but electric cars will have a hard time here, according to American sociologists. First of all, the demand for electric vehicles is not allowed to grow by the younger generation of people who are increasingly abandoning the car in principle and preferring a bicycle to it.

Perhaps the future really belongs to electric vehicles. But will the industry be able to develop steadily until this future arrives? big question. It took decades for the gasoline-powered cars that are familiar today to appear in every city and village.

E an electric car is fashionable and economical, for example, in sunny California or conscious Europe. Is there a future for electric cars in Russia, let's look at an example Mitsubishi i-MiEV.

Your hot summer morning doesn't start with reading the news or with a cup of coffee. You instruct your electric car, parked under the window, to cool the interior to an acceptable 23 degrees. Because it is more economical this way: after all, it is now connected to city charging, and while there is time to set the temperature at the night rate. When you get into the car, it will be fully charged and the temperature set. It will be possible to recharge the charge at the parking lot near the office during the working day or near the cafe at lunchtime: the car is recharged where it is convenient for you. And this is already happening in Moscow.

Such a futuristic picture is drawn with confidence in his voice by Sergey Chernenko, public relations manager Mitsubishi Motors. The Japanese electric car i-MiEV is so far the only electric car that is officially sold in Russia. Other electric car manufacturers are in no hurry to enter the Russian market. Even Renault's agreement with the Russian Post on the lease of 12 electric cars was terminated.

The main benefit from the transition to electric vehicles is environmental, which citizens will be able to experience not in decades, but now. IN major cities Russia accounts for up to 90% of transport harmful emissions, and electric cars are completely devoid of this drawback. The air we breathe will be much cleaner if car owners choose eco-friendly cars. In addition, the electric car moves very quietly: there is no motor sound, so these cars can also reduce noise pollution.

With your electric car in Russian Mitsubishi market came out two years ago. According to Sergey Chernenko, at that time in Russia, few people were interested in this type of transport: “We spoke at all forums where the topic of ecological transport could be touched upon, talked about electric vehicles and i-MiEV, arranged test drives. The market was not just empty - it actually didn't exist". The first major ally of Mitsubishi on the path of introduction of environmentally friendly machines in Russia was the company MOESK, which began to build the first charging stations. Power engineers joined the project to solve their problems with fluctuations in electricity consumption. As Sergei Chernenko explains, if 1.5% of all cars are charged at night from a power outlet, power engineers will be able to equalize these differences to an acceptable level. In addition, the increase in electric vehicles is spurring the innovative development of networks.

The main concern of environmentalists is the disposal of batteries. Batteries contain lithium ion and other hazardous chemicals. So far, the recycling of used batteries in the world, although it exists, is not put on stream. Simply because the batteries in the produced cars have not worked out their expiration date. But Mitsubishi believes that the introduction of such technologies is a task for the coming years, and not today. “Manufacturers are ready to buy used batteries, re-equip them with new technologies and install them in new cars. And power engineers offer to use old batteries as storage for excess electricity that is generated during consumption decline hours,” Sergey Chernenko comments.

Other headache manufacturers of electric cars - the safety of passengers. A fire may occur in the battery, if the car enters water, a short circuit may occur. But Mitsubishi claims that four decades of development have not been in vain: "Our electric cars have whole line protective mechanisms - reinforced metal casing for the battery, air system battery cooling. There are detectors in the car that will turn off the electronics if moisture gets inside or some kind of malfunction occurs, so that fire or electric shock is completely excluded.

All with the same batteries connected main disadvantage electric cars from the driver's point of view: limited range. The battery in the i-MiEV weighs 300 kilograms. To drive the promised Mitsubishi 150 kilometers on it, a car from ordinary socket at 220 volts you need to charge all night - from 6 to 7 hours. If you turn on the stove or air conditioner on the way, then the energy supply will not be enough even for this distance. Therefore, improving batteries is the number one task for all manufacturers of electric vehicles and, of course, for Mitsubishi. “You can put two batteries in the car, and then it will be able to drive not 150 kilometers, but 300,” says Sergey Chernenko. “But such a car will also weigh another 300 kilograms more, and it will take 12 hours to charge.” Now our engineers are working to increase the capacity of the battery, but keep it the same weight and size. In addition, the battery is the most expensive part of an electric car, its share reaches 50%, and an increase in stock due to the number of batteries will greatly affect the price, which is already rather big: MMC Rus sells the i-MiEV in Russia for 1.8 million rubles.

Of course, the declared mileage should be more than enough to move around the city, and the i-MiEV is positioned as a city car. There are about 50 charging stations - municipal and MOESK companies - in Moscow so far in different parts of the city, not only in the center. By 2020, the government of the capital plans to build 2,000 more, of which 300 are stations fast charging with a direct voltage of 500 volts, where you can fully charge an electric car in 20 minutes. Sergey Chernenko explains: “The development of infrastructure also plays the role of a safety net, because the philosophy of using electric vehicles is different from using petrol cars. An electric car can be charged mobile phone, came home, put on charge for the night. In the afternoon we arrived at shopping mall, walked for 3 hours - got 30-40% of the charge and went on. "Mitsubishi claims that their i-MiEV has no memory effect: according to tests conducted in Japan, the battery retains 80 percent or more of its capacity in 10 years. full charge batteries are about 30 rubles at the daytime rate and 10-15 rubles at night.

So, in addition to additional points for environmental responsibility, a potential i-MiEV buyer can still save significantly on gasoline. For the same 150 kilometers, instead of 15 rubles, the owner of a car with an internal combustion engine will pay at least 500 rubles, and a decent amount will run up a month.

The benefits don't end there. Even now, in the center of Moscow, an electric car can be parked for free, the possibility of driving in dedicated lanes is being discussed, by analogy with most large European cities.

Sergey Chernenko talks with particular enthusiasm about another advantage of electric vehicles - the feeling of driving: "There is absolute silence in the cabin, only at speeds over 100 km / h there is tire noise. It feels like you are driving a small trolley bus."

i-MiEV for Mitsubishi is a trial balloon, not a profitable product. Already this year, the company plans to introduce Russian market electric SUV with extended range Outlander PHEV. TO electric motor gasoline can be connected in it, increasing travel without recharging from 180 to 880 kilometers. At the same time, the Outlander PHEV can be used as a 100% electric vehicle, because the range on pure electricity exceeds 60 km.

Is there a future for electric vehicles?

So far, the only Mitsubishi i-MiEV electric car presented in Russia is a piece and exclusive product. At a cost of almost 2 million rubles in a year and a half, more than 100 cars were sold in the country, by the end of 2013 the company plans to sell the same number. Prices should go down if the government supports producers, Sergey Chernenko is sure. Zeroing import duties on electric cars is a price reduction of at least 20%. Cars will be bought more often, produced more, more charging stations will be built, infrastructure will develop, and economies of scale will also work.

Reducing other taxes will also help make the electric car more affordable. In the Kaluga region, to stimulate the transition to environmentally friendly cars for their owners, the transport tax. True, i-MiEV does not fall under the transport tax anyway. In Moscow, for example, cars from 70 Horse power, and there are only 67 of them in the Mitsubishi electric car.

In many European countries, governments are providing serious support to conscientious car owners who decide to switch to an electric car. So, in Norway, a buyer of an electric car can save up to 20 thousand euros due to all the benefits, and in London only electric cars can move for free, for entering the city on regular car you have to pay 9 pounds a day (450 rubles).

Mitsubishi believes that it is not necessary to support electric cars all the time, but only in the next few years: by 2020, the share of electric vehicles among all vehicles in Russia should reach 7-10%, and then state assistance will no longer be needed. By this time, Mitsubishi plans to put an electric motor in every fifth car produced, and all models will be available in electric modification. In Russia, these cars will be in demand largely due to Mitsubishi's efforts to create a market.

Alexandra Latysheva

Everything new is well forgotten old. So, it would seem, the modern concept of an electric car became known in the middle of the 19th century. Electric cars first appeared in Russia in 1899. They were designed by the then-famous engineer Ippolit Romanov, and he borrowed the idea of ​​how to make an electric car from American manufacturers"Morris Salom".

So what is an electric car? This is a machine that is driven not by an internal combustion engine, but by an autonomous source of electrical energy.

To date, electric vehicles in Russia in the car market are represented by only three models: Mitsubishi i-MiEV, VAZ Ellada, Edison van or Ford Transit. Others well-known manufacturers while they are not in a hurry to export their electric cars to Russia. Therefore, the question of where to buy an electric car is largely difficult.

Electric cars in Russia - a question about charging?

The car is charged at special charging stations through an adapter. It will take no more than half an hour to fully charge the electric car.

It is possible to “refuel” an electric car at home using a special charger from a simple outlet. The only negative is that the process can drag on for several hours, but the obvious plus is the ability to charge anywhere and not depend on the “gas station” in any way.

Trip duration

Today one of weak links in the use of electric vehicles is maximum amount time available for travel on a single charge. According to the declared indicators of electric car manufacturers, the mileage on a full charge is: Renault Twizy - 100 km, Mitsubishi i-MiEV - 160 km, VAZ Ellada - 150 km, nissan leaf- 175 km.

At first glance, this is quite enough for a one-day trip around the city from home to work and back. But after all, a car is needed not only to move around the city, you also want to go to the country, visit friends in another city or go out into the countryside. And for these purposes, 150 km is a catastrophically meager figure. Is not it?

In addition, a significant part of the energy (up to 40%) is lost by standing in traffic jams or traffic lights, air conditioning, heating, using an audio system, etc. All this makes you wonder whether it is worth buying an expensive device, then to languish in traffic jams, thinking about how to get to the outlet or home.

Issue price

According to many experts, electric cars in terms of functionality and characteristics do not have much difference from the usual car. But prices, which on average fluctuate between 1.2-1.8 million rubles, can shock the layman. This is when you consider that for the same money you can buy two or even three modern electric cars, not inferior in terms of options and security. Although many people believe that money is recouped in a short time on the difference in fuel. But all is not as rosy as it might seem.

Summing up

The benefits of these cars, such as environmental friendliness and fuel economy, cannot in any way cover the costs of maintenance and operation. In addition, the price of electric vehicles compared to other conventional fuel-powered vehicles is much higher, which also cannot be called a big plus.

If you look from a different angle, although today electric cars in Russia may not be very popular, they are undoubtedly the future. Sooner or later, the price will drop, they will become fast and will be able to travel thousands of kilometers on a single charge.

Thinking about buying an electric car? Then find out the whole situation of the current auto market by their advantages and disadvantages. Watch video reviews - auto-tests.

The modern way of transportation implies not only speed, but also convenience, and most importantly - environmental requirements Perhaps that is why the desire to create a new generation car that meets these qualities has resulted in such a novelty as an electric car.

Sales and prices for electric vehicles

Like it or not, sales of electric vehicles are gradually growing, although many manufacturers have some problems with sales. Such well-known firms, as Nissan (Leaf electric car) and Tesla (Model S) sell the most of these cars: 12,000 and 10,000, respectively, and the rest in the first six months of 2013 sold at most a hundred of these cars. Although the problem of poor sales is mostly in the price - too high automakers bend it up. Most sales go to the USA (increased from 7,000 to 25,000). The same interest in ecological cars in Europe, although Renault ZOE cars have achieved more success here, the cost of which in the UK is from ?13,650 (€16,000 or $21). 000).

Prices for electric vehicles have been gradually declining, but as you can see, this is primarily due to the introduction of new, cheaper batteries. For example: a Nissan Leaf costs $25,000, and a Tesla Model S starts at $60,000. Some manufacturers offer promotional discounts to save sales, but they are a forced temporary phenomenon, otherwise some cars simply would not be sold. Some public charging stations offer recharging for free, others try to rip off more money, explaining such a fee by the convenience and high service of their servants. Soon they promise to organize inductive charging plates built into the floor or the road.

Videos electric vehicle tests

1 Nissan Leaf

2 Tesla Model S

3 Renault Zoe

Let's define the disadvantages of electric vehicles:

1. not everything turns out so smoothly, namely, the car requires quite frequent recharging, and in our transport environment this is almost not thought out in any way;
2. it takes a long time to fully charge, namely 8 hours for a 100% charge, although in 30 minutes it can replenish its battery charge by 80%. And in the USA there are special electric gas stations, which allow you to charge the car in 15-20 minutes;
3. there is a time limit on the power reserve, which determines the limit between recharging - 100–160 km. Tesla Model S can travel up to 460 kilometers;
4. prices for an electric car are almost, if not exactly twice as high as a similar gasoline “horse”, which also speaks not at all in favor of an electric car;
5. some of the energy can be wasted on standing in traffic jams or at traffic lights, as well as on climate control, the use of an audio system and heating, all this can lead to an unforeseen situation;
6. a feeling of worry about the range of the run does not leave anyone in a calm state;
7. if you forgot to put the car on charge in the evening, then in the morning you will have to take a walk or use public transport;
8. batteries often deteriorate and fail unexpectedly, and public charging device break or, specifically, busy;
9. cheap ways of obtaining sufficient electricity for machines have not been thought out;
10. electricity at home is also not free - to charge an electric car, you need to spend an average of 20-50 kilowatts of electricity.

Let's define the pros:

1. fuel efficiency;
2. environmental friendliness of the use of the machine;
3. in terms of functions and characteristics, they almost do not differ from ordinary cars;
4. the ability to recharge the car at home;

What is the future of these machines?

Since a huge number of developments are being carried out in this area, the time is not far off when the electric car will become an affordable and highly maneuverable car. The cost of the main expensive organ may soon drop several times (from $500-600 per kilowatt-hour to $160 by 2025). Modernization of production technology, development of new standard equipment- all this will increase the quantity and quality of electric vehicles produced, will make it possible to reduce their selling price. Reducing the cost of lithium-ion batteries will lead to a sharp jump in prices down and an increase in sales, which means models such as: Nissan Leaf, Tesla Model S, Ford Focus EV, Mitsubshi MiEV, Toyota RAV4 Ev, Honda Fit EV, Smart For Two ED, Chevroet Spark Ev and others will become more popular. It has already become known that the Tesla Model E in 2015 will be sold within $ 35,000, and the BMW i3 will be the first mass car of this category, because they decided to use carbon fiber in production, which significantly reduces the weight of the machine and, accordingly, energy consumption.

There is another option, and it also claims for the future - this is hybrid plant, which has become quite actively popularized in the auto market of manufacturers. The name speaks for itself - this car has a combination of two engines: electric and gasoline. It all depends on the load, they can work together or separately. In this system, the electric motor will be directly powered by battery, recharged during braking or movement from the ICE generator itself.

It should be noted positive characteristics: less harmful emissions, significant fuel savings, excellent dynamics. But also negative sides are also present, they can turn into trouble when getting into a traffic jam and driving on the highway, when there is no need for braking - there is no energy accumulation; constant shutdowns of the motor can lead them to precarious work and rapid cooling of the neutralizers. But there is no turning back, history moves forward and gives the green light to new generations of the car, because sooner or later you will have to do away with purely gasoline engines, because not endless reserves of fuel and skyrocketing prices for it, environmental problems on Earth - all this pushes you to search alternatives, and we have no other choice yet! Electric vehicles are the future, which is no longer on the horizon.

Many inexperienced citizens believe that electric vehicles appeared quite recently, a maximum of 10-20 years ago. But this is very far from the truth. As soon as mankind invented electricity, there were immediately progressive engineers and mechanics who tried to apply it to the task of creating an economical and fast transport. The device of the electric car has not yet been presented to the general public, but was already hatched in the minds of mechanics and scientists.

The first memories of a car moving thanks to an electric motor come from 1841. It was not a car in the full sense of the word, but a cart with an electric motor. It did not receive wide popularity and distribution, but enthusiasts continued to work on improving the design.

In 1899, the Russian engineer Ippolit Romanov developed an electric car that could travel almost 60 kilometers without recharging, while the side of the car was designed for 17 passengers. Its speed reached 40 km / h.

Many successful attempts to create such cars were made in Europe, America, Japan after the 2nd World War. For example, in the United States, a company distinguished itself General Motors which started issuing production models EV1. In recent years, the whole world is thundering Tesla, which was able to elevate electric vehicles from the realm of uninteresting exotics to the rank of stylish and desirable vehicles.

The device of an electric vehicle and the principle of its operation

The device of an electric car does not contain any secrets and difficulties, as it is based on well-known physical and technical principles. In general, the design of such a machine in the area of ​​the chassis, body, control may not differ at all from the classic transport. The main difference lies precisely in the motor, which does not run on liquid diesel fuel or gasoline, but on the generated electric current.

The principle of operation of an electric vehicle is as follows. It involves the mechanism of electromagnetic induction, which consists in the fact that in the presence of an alternating electric current in the conductor, a magnetic field arises, which, according to Ampère's law, performs a deflecting action. There are two main components in a motor: a rotor and a stator. The stator remains permanently stationary and passes through it electricity certain frequency. The magnetic field generated in the stator acts on the rotor and it starts to rotate. The resulting mechanical energy is used to propel the vehicle. The speed of the engine is directly proportional to the frequency of the current and the number of installed magnetic poles.

In general, the device of an electric car is quite simple, but it requires very accurate and precise execution. The current for powering the stator is generated by batteries installed on board. Depending on the model of the machine, the batteries may have different capacity, design, features of the mechanisms used.

Interesting fact! Many promising developments antiquities were rejected by society or simply were not noticed.

Types of electric vehicle devices

Depending on how the electric vehicle is arranged and for what tasks it is designed, it is possible to carry out some classification of these vehicles. It is rather conditional and draws attention more to the features of operation, since by design all developments repeat each other.

Allocate such machines on electricity:

• Intracity. They have low power and speed of movement, they are equipped with special restrictions By maximum power. Small diameter wheels and light weight allow you to move in a normal city mode;
• Microelectromobiles. Designed for dense urban traffic flow, have a small capacity battery. Used for small transfers, trips to the store, to and from work, etc.;
• Various creative options, such as tricycles;
• Ordinary cars. Habitual cars, like some popular models from Tesla;
• Freight. Not yet very common, but in the future they can be used in large cities for domestic transportation and reduce emissions into the atmosphere;
• Trolleybuses, trams, electric buses are also a fairly popular mode of transport in any major city.

It is also worth mentioning hybrids - vehicles on which both electric and Gas engine. Such vehicles are very popular all over the world, in particular, in Japan, the USA, Europe. The voltage of the electric vehicle in all the cases considered is different, since they require different operating power of the power unit.

Features of the hybrid electric vehicle device

Hybrids have become widespread and popular due to their versatility and ease of use in almost any environment. High level savings, excellent performance, combination best properties liquid fuel and electric power units make hybrids popular not only among individual buyers, but also among civil servants, police officers, etc. After a long downtime, such a car does not need to “warm up” and waste time. It is enough to use the electric motor and literally instantly start off. When is required high speed, power and additional resource for the distance of movement, then instantly there is a switch to gasoline or diesel.

Exist various schemes implementation of hybrids, but the most popular is the version from Honda, in which both engines work in parallel. If necessary, any of them can be turned on or off without any difficulty. The operation of the electric vehicle in this case is distinguished by reliability, safety and high efficiency.

Interesting fact! The advantages of hybrids are great for DPS patrols, which is why they are used everywhere in this structure around the world.

Many people who hesitate in choosing a vehicle for personal use, worries about the question: what are the pros and cons of electric vehicles and whether it is now worth considering them as a serious option for purchase.

The advantages of electric vehicles are as follows:

• The most significant is the minimum cost of. Fortunately, electricity in our country has enough low cost and a full charge in order to drive 100 km will cost about 15-20 rubles. At the same time, the situation with gasoline will be more sad (see The most expensive and in the regions of Russia);
• Simplicity after-sales service. No need to buy and change any spark plugs, oil, filters, etc. Supplies. There is no need to regularly visit the service and spend money on it;
• The quiet operation of the motor is also a plus for many. The operating unit is almost inaudible while driving, just remember the movement on a brand new trolleybus;
• No dangerous exhaust gases that poison the city air;
• Purchase for the future. Apparently, in the coming years or a decade, humanity will massively switch to electric cars. Buying it now, you become the head of this process.

As for the negative points, they also exist and look like this:

• Small selection of cars and high prices. The price they ask for an average Tesla is quite comparable to the cost good Mercedes last years of release. Therefore, many prefer the second option;
• Limited number of refills required. Even in the country's capital, there are very few places where you can charge your car. Therefore, you will have to carefully monitor that the charge is enough for the planned daily distances;
• The disadvantage of electric cars is that the batteries on them are very expensive, so they need to be protected. Also in the cabin it will not be possible to fully use all the electronics, for example, air conditioning, as this will quickly absorb the available battery charge.

This is the main thing to consider for a person choosing a vehicle.

After we have seen the pros and cons of electric cars, it is worth paying attention to the prospects of this type of transport. Is it worth buying this species TS, spend a lot of money and will it the right step? The answer here is not so clear cut.

If you just want a good proven car for solving everyday problems, a developed service and repair system, predictable problems and their easy solution, then it is best to buy a classic gasoline or diesel unit. This is still relevant and carries only advantages.

If you are one of the brave people who are trying to keep up with the times and look ahead, then such a purchase will be justified, although you need to be prepared for some of the disadvantages and inconveniences mentioned above.

As for the prospects of the transport in question, they are very large. It is expected that in the next 10 years, humanity will massively switch to electric cars.

Scale of distribution

Over the past few years, the market for electric machines has expanded and spread to all developed countries of the world. If until recently such a purchase was an extravagant step for lovers of the new and unusual, today it is already a proven and profitable step for comfortable ride and cost savings.

According to available statistics, in 2017 the market of the cars in question grew by 60% at once! On this moment the dynamics is preserved and in the future this process will become even more widespread. About 750,000 new cars were sold worldwide in 2017, of which about 290,000 were hybrids. Seeing such market trends, everyone actively began to develop their own options and present them at auto shows around the world. Mercedes, Volkswagen, Porsche, Aston Martin and many other manufacturers have already shown their creations. In Russia, there is also an increased interest in this topic.

The sensational billionaire entrepreneur from the United States, originally from South Africa, by name made a real revolution in the world of electric vehicles. He is one of the first in modern times decided to put the production process of this transport on stream and make them part of everyday reality. Such undertakings did not go unnoticed, so the name of this person became known to the whole world.

How does it work Tesla electric car? Everything is the same as any other similar products. The device of the electric car is as follows: the body here almost completely repeats that of the Mercedes business class. The battery and motor are designed to be as efficient, economical and long work. The downside of Tesla vehicles today is considered to be a too underdeveloped service system, which often leaves the owner of such an expensive car to the mercy of fate with his problems.

How to choose a car and features of its service

The device of an electric vehicle must, at least in in general terms know every person who is going to buy it. To buy a good vehicle, you need to follow these tips:

• The very first thing is the power reserve from fully charged batteries. For budget models the power reserve is about 150 km;
• Features of mechanics. Chassis, transmission, suspension and other elements must be in in perfect order and consist of their reliable components. When buying, it is better to involve a person who understands the device of an electric car well;
• Price. You should not overpay, because for a lot of money you can also take a chic gasoline or diesel option.

As for the service, there should be no problems here. Electric motors are well known to any engineer and mechanic, the rest of the car completely repeats the design of a classic vehicle. The only service advice is to contact advanced service stations that are able to carry out accurate diagnostics.