Gasket where oil is poured into the car. Exceeding the maximum oil level

13.06.2019

Transmission

The main unit of any vehicle- its engine internal combustion(ICE), gasoline or diesel. How well it works will determine the reliability of your car while traveling. A good job power plant is ensured by the presence of high-quality motor lubricant in the required amount. Every motorist must know how to add oil to the engine if its level is below the minimum required.

Why motor oil is so important for the engine

The lubricant composition performs several essential functions, without which the motor will not work. In this case, one should take into account the fact that the engine lubrication is under very heavy loads. Temperature fluctuations inside the internal combustion engine sometimes reach several hundred degrees. It should be taken into account that such conditions should not affect the basic functional properties of the lubricant mixture. What are the benefits of motor oil to the engine?

Lubrication performs many functions to save the power unit. That is why it is necessary to periodically add a certain amount of oil to the engine so that its level is never below the minimum.

Consequences of excess and deficiency

The rule says that the number oily liquid when the engine is warm, it should be at the middle level of the probe, between the min and max marks. How to measure it correctly? You need to warm up the engine operating temperature by taking a short trip. Then stop the car on level ground, turn off the engine and wait 15–20 minutes until oil composition will not drain into the crankcase. After that, open the hood, remove the dipstick and wipe it dry with a rag. Then it is inserted again, and the level is measured, which is already clearly visible along the edge of the oil strip. If this edge is located between the min and max marks, you can not worry while continuing to operate the car. But if he goes beyond this zone, there can be serious trouble.

overflow

It seems to many novice motorists that the more lubricant in the motor, the better it works. Some try to fill the liquid exactly to the max mark and above, believing that "you can't spoil the porridge with oil." Is it possible to add oil to this level? The answer will be unequivocal - no. The first symptom is a deterioration in the cranking of the power unit. The oil mixture has a certain viscosity, and its excess amount further increases the resistance to any movement. Therefore, there is an increased fuel consumption. This is far from the most unpleasant phenomenon. Other consequences are starting to show.

Expansion of the oil liquid at high temperatures ah creates pressure on gaskets, seals, as well as other sealing parts, above the norm. Gradually, they begin to squeeze out, as a result of which lubricant will flow. This is especially true for crankshaft oil seals, to the bearings of which grease is supplied under pressure. As a result, the entire engine compartment is contaminated, and the seals will have to be changed. Other symptoms:

difficult starting of the engine in frosty weather;
education excess soot, the appearance of coke inside piston-cylinder group, "occurrence" of rings;
foaming composition, the result of which will be oil starvation engine parts.

As you can see, the consequences of overflow can be catastrophic.

underfilling

Absence enough lubricant also adversely affects power unit. There is an oil starvation of parts. Lubrication either does not come at all, then they work “dry”, or comes in completely insufficient quantities, unable to form a high-quality oil film between the contacting surfaces.

Another consequence is education. air locks inside the lubrication system, which will run through the channels. The crankshaft will start to rotate without lubrication, chips will form, which will definitely fall into the oil. Counterweights crankshaft they will not be able to scoop up and spray lubricant on the cylinder walls, so the pistons will jam sooner or later. That is why it is necessary to regularly check the level of the lubricant, and then top up if necessary.

How to add lubricant inside the engine

How to add oil to the engine if its level is below the minimum? Let's start with the fact that in the trunk of a car should always be liter canister with exactly the same oil that is inside the motor.

Mixing different oil formulations is highly undesirable. This can be done only as a last resort, when there is no other way out, and then immediately drain the cocktail and fill the engine with a normal fresh composition.

If poured motor fluid is heavily spent on waste - for example, 1 liter per 1000 kilometers, you should think about increasing high temperature viscosity lubricants. Some manufacturers, such as KIA, offer a low-viscosity 0W20 oil composition for their new cars. For some time, its consumption will be normal, fuel consumption will be minimal. But as the run progresses, the gap between the parts will increase, which will lead to an exorbitant waste of lubricant. Therefore, it will be necessary to switch to a higher viscosity. For example, an alternative would be a fluid with a viscosity of 5W30.

Topping up the oil inside the motor is very simple. Open the hood and locate the grease filler neck. Usually it is located above the cylinder-piston block of the engine. It may have an inscription indicating desired viscosity lubricant mixture - for example, 5W-30. Or such an inscription: Oil Fill. After detection, the neck must be opened by unscrewing the lid. Next, you need to insert a funnel so as not to splash liquid on the engine. It is necessary to add oil in small portions, periodically measuring with a dipstick after each such action. Top up to a level that will be in the middle between the minimum and maximum marks - this is the best indicator.

Its physical dimensions and a number of other features.

To control the level of lubrication on most motors, a mechanical dipstick is used, however, some power plants they don't have it. In this case, on dashboard a separate electronic indicator. There are also combined solutions.

Typically, during operation different reasons lubrication may decrease. How to continue to operate the motor with low level lubricant is not allowed, in this case you need to know how much oil to add to the engine, as well as how to do it without harm to.

In this article, we intend to talk about when to add oil to the engine, how to do it correctly, in what cases it is possible to add another oil to the engine without risk, and also under what conditions it can cause possible harm unit or is strictly prohibited.

Read in this article

How often to add oil to the engine

As already mentioned, the oil is added to the engine in different occasions. The lubrication level can go both for natural reasons and fall as a result of engine breakdowns, after wrong selection and discrepancies in the type of product used, changes in the properties of the lubricant, etc.

To understand whether it is necessary to add oil to the engine, you need to check its level by putting the car on a flat surface. It is advisable to check the level “cold”, after several hours of inactivity, that is, when the grease has completely drained into the sump. For quick check it will be enough to wait 5-15 minutes, but such an analysis may turn out to be more approximate than accurate.

Taking into account the characteristics of a particular internal combustion engine, you can understand whether topping up is needed and how often it is necessary. In some cases, it is necessary to add lubricant, for example, every thousand kilometers, which is typical for faulty units with increased oil consumption as a result of wear, gaskets, seals.

In other internal combustion engines, the level is stable, that is, the lubricant is not topped up from replacement to replacement. Also, the level can be stable in the city and modes of medium loads, however, after driving on the highway, high revs a decrease is observed. In such a situation, it should be remembered that lubrication under high load conditions is consumed by waste, which is often stated by the engine manufacturers themselves.

Moreover, the manual may separately indicate that oil consumption is not only acceptable, but also within what limits it is normal for a particular motor. Based on the foregoing, you can understand what frequency of topping up is suitable in a particular case.

How to add oil to the engine: in winter, in summer, in a cold or hot internal combustion engine

To begin with, topping up the lubricant is often done on a cold one. It is poured into cold engine due to the fact that it is easier and faster to determine required level, i.e. to avoid possible underfilling or overfilling of the lubricant.

As practice shows, in winter period, especially when severe frosts, it is best to warm up the engine first, then give it time to cool down, as well as drain and “settle” the lubricant. Such preheating will allow the highly thickened lubricant to return to proper fluidity.

After that, the motor cools down, but the lubricating fluid still remains diluted, that is, the level can be determined quite accurately. Next, topping up is carried out, which is available in the internal combustion engine and fresh lubricant is easily mixed into a homogeneous mass.

However, it also happens that you have to add oil to hot engine(for example, ) while driving. This situation is quite common and becomes a reason for questions of this kind, what will happen if the driver added cold oil to a hot engine.

In this case, it is important to consider not only the correct level, but also what temperature the lubricant that is topped up has. You should also pay attention to the extent to which such topping up takes place. For a better understanding, let's imagine a standard situation when the car owner was driving along the highway, the engine was warmed up to operating temperatures, but then the light came on low pressure in the lubrication system.

Naturally, the driver stopped, turned off the power unit and found a low oil level. Then he immediately took out a canister from the trunk and added a liter of oil to the engine. If this happens in the summer, then the main risk will only be overfilling or underfilling in level, that is, inaccuracies as a result of topping up “hot”. But if it happens in winter, then the situation is somewhat different.

It is not difficult to guess that the lubricating fluid in the trunk will turn out to be very cold, that is, when poured into a warm engine, a strong temperature difference will occur. If at the same time such lubricating fluid not 50-100 grams are poured, but a whole liter or more, then the consequences can be unpredictable.

Experts point out that in similar situation significantly increases the risk of not only exceeding the level or underfilling, but also the appearance on the parts, as well as other defects in relation to individual elements ICE. In view of the foregoing, it becomes clear why the motor needs to be given time to cool down before adding lubricant, and in winter this is especially true.

If there is no suitable oil at hand for topping up

Quite often, before motorists there is an urgent need to add oil to the engine of a different viscosity, you have to use lubricant third party manufacturer, there is no other way out but to top up, etc.

We note that in some emergency situations such actions are perfectly acceptable. At the same time, it is important to know when it is possible to add oil to a different brand of engine, what type of lubricant is better to use, what volume of lubricant to fill in. Let's figure it out.

Let's start with what to mix Various types lubricants of even one manufacturer is not recommended. The fact is that each product has a unique package of active chemical additives. These additives, when mixed, can react, which leads to precipitation, the oil in the motor coagulates, loses its properties.

In this case, mixing of mineral water with semi-synthetics and vice versa is allowed. You can also add to a semi-synthetic product synthetic lubricant, and in synthetics to produce an additive of semi-synthetic material.

Hydrocracking oils are recommended not to be mixed with both mineral and synthetic lubricants. However, in case of emergency, they can be mixed with oils on mineral basis. We add that in case of urgent need and lack of choice, you can add any oil, since working without lubrication will definitely destroy the motor.

We also add that the best option can be considered mixing oils of the same manufacturer, which have the same base. In this case, the risks are minimal. If, for example, you add to the semi-synthetics of one brand exactly the same in terms of characteristics semi-synthetic oil another brand, then unwanted reactions may well occur.

Now let's turn to the so-called multi-purpose oils, which can be used equally in diesel and gasoline internal combustion engines, and also consider the possibility of adding diesel oil to gasoline unit and vice versa.

First, diesel oil does not differ much from gasoline in many respects, that is, such a lubricant can be added to emergency. Universal oils and are completely alternative, that is, they have balanced characteristics suitable for both types of engines.

The main thing is that before adding lubricant, the above recommendations must be taken into account. It is also important to remember that while driving on such a mixture of oils, the power unit should not be loaded.

As soon as possible mixed oil must be completely removed from the internal combustion engine, and then replaced with the type of lubricant recommended for a particular engine, along with an oil filter. We add that before changing the oil, it may be necessary to additionally flush the engine or reduce further service interval by 30-50%.

Adding oil to the engine: step by step instructions for beginners

So, after making sure that topping up is necessary and having decided which oil will be added to the engine, it is necessary to put the car on a flat surface.
Then let the engine cool down (preferably leave the car for a few hours), and also allow the oil to drain completely into the sump.
Now you need to get to the oil filler neck. The indicated neck is located under the cover, which is located in the upper part. Most often, the lid has a pictogram in the form of an oil can with a drop of oil.
Next, you should unscrew the lid, you can also wipe it with a clean rag, and then set it aside.
Then you will need to make it yourself or insert a ready-made funnel into the oil filler neck. For self-manufacturing fit the top plastic bottle, which is enough to cut off from the base.

Please note that during all manipulations, do not allow dirt, dust, debris, foreign liquids or objects to enter the oil filler neck. A homemade or ready-made funnel must also be absolutely clean.

The presence of a funnel allows you to carefully add oil, and without the risk of spilling lubricant on the cylinder block and cylinder head. If oil gets on these parts, it will burn out from high heat, smoke and smell bad.

Also, engine oils disable rubber elements, soften insulation, all kinds of seals and similar elements in the engine compartment. If oil has been spilled, then it is recommended to carefully wipe it off with a rag.

When topping up, oil should not be added immediately, but gradually. This means that 100-200 ml should be poured from the canister at a time. Next, you need to allow the grease to drain from the cylinder head into the sump. This may take about 10-15 minutes. Then the level is checked, after which you can continue to add lubricant again if necessary.
When checking the level on the dipstick, you must first remove the dipstick, then wipe it with a clean cloth, then reinsert it all the way into the hole and remove it again. Only after re-extraction can the level of lubricant in the sump be assessed.
After the oil level on the dipstick is strictly between the “MIN” and “MAX” marks, it is necessary to firmly insert it into the hole and tighten the oil filler cap.
The final step is to start the engine. Rate operation of the internal combustion engine on the subject extraneous noise, knocks, vibrations. Make sure that the oil pressure light does not light up on the dashboard, the electronic level does not show an insufficient amount oils, no.
Next, warm up the power unit, perform test drive. After that, it is recommended to let the engine cool down, after which the oil level is checked again. If a decrease in the level is noticeable again, fresh streaks appear from under the covers, seals or seals, traces of oil under the machine are visible, then the engine needs in-depth diagnostics and repair.

Remember, driving with low oil levels can quickly damage the internal combustion engine. For this reason, in a number of emergency cases, it is recommended to abandon attempts to get to the service station on your own. If the oil leaks are intense, then it is best to use a tow truck.

Getting ready to replace

Before proceeding with the replacement, you need to learn a few simple rules. Fluid replacement should be carried out on a warm engine, when the fluid has better fluidity. If the engine is cold, start it and wait until it warms up to operating temperature. If you are thinking of changing the brand of oil, then the engine should be flushed special composition for washing.

Replacement will have to be carried out twice - first drain the waste, and then pour washing liquid(we fill the entire volume) or flushing lubricant - in this case, the oil filter should not be replaced. We start the engine for ten to fifteen minutes, after that we turn it off and drain it. We proceed to the procedure for filling fresh, while oil filter needs to be changed.

What kind of oil to pour?

What kind of oil to pour, it is up to each motorist to decide individually. But for all cars, the destinations are almost the same.

In terms of viscosity, the first digit before the letter W indicates the cold start temperature, the last - the viscosity itself. For the central regions of our country, if the car is new - 30, if it is used, that is, it has passed more than 100 thousand, - 40, if it is old and the mileage is more than 200 thousand, then 50, well, and if the mileage is even more, then 60 .

API quality: SG, SH, SJ, SL, checked against the vehicle manufacturer's recommendations on the packaging.

By brand, there is a choice of means. The better, the more expensive. Shell, Mobil, Castrol, Texaco, Motul and a few more popular brands but their price is very high.

Most best oil synthetic, then comes semi-synthetics and the last is mineral.

The viscosity of the motor lubricant must be selected depending on temperature fluctuations in the area in which the vehicle is operated.

Engine oil volume

Many novice motorists may not be aware of how much oil is needed. To change lubricant engine mixture in the VAZ-2107 engine, you will need about four liters of new lubricant, because it is almost completely consumed. At some stations Maintenance mechanics fill the canister completely.

Where to pour oil?

The process of filling oil will not cause complications even for a novice motorist. Since the oil must be poured into a conveniently located neck using a funnel, there are several nuances that we will touch on in more detail in the instructions below.

Changing the oil

All work is best done on a flyover or viewing hole, but some motorists do without them, although this option cannot be called very convenient.

Tools

Step-by-step instruction

We warm up the engine.
Disable.
Under the drain plug, which is located at the bottom of the crankcase, we put a previously prepared container.
Unscrew the plug with a 12 wrench.
In order for the old oil to drain better, you need to unscrew the filler cap to fill in the engine lubricant.
We unscrew the old oil barrier, it is advisable to use a specialized key for this.
We are waiting for all the oil to drain into the container.
Screw on the drain plug.
Fill the new oil barrier with oil.
We lubricate the special sealing ring of the filter with oil.
We wipe the place where the filter is installed on the motor with a rag.
We put the filter, while it should be twisted by hand, you can not use the key.
Next, you need to carefully pour new fluid.
Using a dipstick, we check its level - it should be between the MAX and Min marks.
We start the engine for 15-20 minutes, turn it off.
Check the level again and top up if necessary.
We check if it is leaking from under the filter or plugs for draining used oil.

On this, the engine oil change procedure can be considered completed, as you can see, there is nothing complicated.

Video "How to change the oil in a VAZ 2107 engine"

This video describes in detail the process of changing the oil in a VAZ 2107 car, how to do it correctly and how much fluid is required.

In order to fill the engine with oil, it is necessary to open the hood and check its level. Before you look for where to fill in oil in a variety of units, you need to understand how much it needs to be filled in. The presence of oil is determined by an oil dipstick, it is recognizable by a bright pen (usually yellow or red). The probe itself is marked with risks "min" and "max". These divisions show the critical limits of the oil in the engine. The most "that" is when the oil level is between these risks, or a little closer to "max".

Pouring oil into the engine

So, it is recommended to replenish the volume of oil. Where to put oil in the engine? Of course, for an uninitiated person, the variety of containers under the hood with their lids is a little disorienting. But this is at the beginning. The cover we are looking for is located right on the engine itself: on the largest mechanism, under the hood. In most cases, it is marked with the image of a "small watering can with a drop", or the inscription "oil". Additional sign is a closing-opening mechanism, it is semi-rotary, not screwed, not push-button, but rotated 90 degrees.

Pour oil into the gearbox

Filling the engine with oil is relatively easy, and every driver can do it. Another question: where to fill in the oil in the checkpoint? Here, constructive varieties are so wide that the exact answer will not work without knowing specific model. The common thing is that the hole is located at the bottom of the car, it must be placed on a pit or lift. There are rare opportunities when the filler hole can be reached from engine compartment but, this is rare. The car must be in a horizontal plane.

Checking the oil level in the gearbox

Basically, the gearbox filler hole is in front of the transmission case, or slightly to the side. Not always, the gearbox is equipped with a dipstick for measuring the level; its own finger serves as a replacement for it. Unscrew the nut (often, the arrow on it shows the direction), if a trickle of oil flows from the transmission, then everything is fine with the amount of oil, if it does not flow, stick your finger in. The level should be at the lower edge of the hole, if less, then you need to top up.

You will have to fill the gearbox with oil using a funnel, syringe (non-medical) or vacuum devices. Filling occurs before excess oil begins to flow out of the gearbox. At the end of the procedure, the nut is screwed tightly.