Do-it-yourself modification possibilities. Motoblock Ural

In the 90s of the last century, owners of subsidiary plots working on the land, farmers, gardeners and summer residents got the opportunity to purchase funds small mechanization labor.

One of these new products was the Ural walk-behind tractor. At a speed of 15 km / h, he towed a half-ton trailer, plowed the ground, cultivated garden plantings on 1 hectare.

Few people guessed behind the name of the manufacturer UMPO JSC a defense engine-building enterprise based in the capital of Bashkiria, Ufa.

The walk-behind tractors included in the conversion program of engine builders did not differ in their design, a wide range of functions, but they regularly cultivated the land, were maintainable, and did not require special skills in operation and maintenance.

The UMZ 5V engine withstood the heat and heavy loads, spare parts and consumables for him were not in short supply.

In 1998, the company started production heavy walk-behind tractor Agros - a more powerful and productive product with an extended set of functions and a set attachments to him. Production of the Urals was discontinued.

Technical specifications

Indicator parameter	Unit rev.	Motoblocks PJSC "Ufa Motor-Building Production Association"
		Ural	Agros
Dimensions by dimensions	mm	1500x80x1000	1800x850x1100
Machine ready weight	kg	127	160
Clearance	mm	280	250
Track	-/-	100 — 600	600
turning radius	m	1	1,2
Traction force	kgf	75	100
Engine		single-cylinder design, four working cycles, air cooling
Type and power of the power plant		UMZ 5V	UMZ-341
Reducer assembly		gear type with differential device and PTO shaft
Number of operating modes		4	4
Refueling	l	A-80, 6	A-80, A-92, 6
fuel consumption	l/hour	2	2

User manual

• When preparing the walk-behind tractor for work:
  1. Inspect the walk-behind tractor for oil and fuel leakage;
  2. Switch the gearbox and power take-off shaft to the neutral position;
  3. Check the amount of oil in the engine and transmission on the dipstick;
  4. Fill the tank with fuel;
  5. Start the engine with the kick starter.
• Start of movement:
  1. switch the engine to low speed;
  2. disengage the clutch with the clutch lever and engage the gear;
  3. increase speed by releasing the clutch release lever;
  4. the product is moving.

Sharp release of the clutch drive, heavy loads on the gear lever, change of gearbox modes to high revs motor - the main causes of breakdowns in the transmission of a walk-behind tractor.

• Motoblock stop:
  1. reduce engine speed;
  2. disengage the clutch with the lever;
  3. move the gearbox to neutral.
• Engine stop:
  1. pull the cord emergency stop or close the throttle.

You can find the operating instructions and maintenance manual for the Ural walk-behind tractor in the Internet file sharing services.

Homemade walk-behind tractor from a Ural chainsaw

1. As a power plant for the motoblock project, a saw with a URAL BP-52-3.8 gasoline engine with a motor power of 3.8 liters is used. With.
2. The product is intended for plowing and loosening the soil, cultivating plantings, digging potatoes. Square land plot- 20 acres.
3. The saw is fixed on the frame of the device with clamps, it can be removed in half an hour - ready for use for working with wood.
4. The frame is made of welded steel pipes⌀ 24 mm.
5. The transmission of torque to the wheel shaft is chain - in two stages. In the first stage, the asterisk is left from the saw. The chain with a pitch of 12.7 mm and the driven sprocket are selected from the old bicycle technology. Motorcycle sprockets and a chain are installed on the second step, with the same pitch - 12.7 mm.
6. The drive wheel shaft is made of a steel round profile and is mounted in the fork of the frame on bearings. The diameters of the mounting pads of bearings, wheel disks, sprockets are selected according to the dimensions of the parts selected for assembly. Fastening to the shaft of disks of wheels and sprockets - dowels.

The arrangement of drive circuit guards will ensure your safety.

Ignition on a walk-behind tractor

The ignition system of the motoblock engine ensures timely ignition of the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder. At maximum compression, a spark forms on the candle, which ignites the mixture.

For a walk-behind tractor engine, the spark-generating device is a magneto. A magnet of constant polarity rotates in a coil, creating an EMF for a spark pulse. The energy storage is high voltage coil or capacitance capacitor.

In contact systems, an impulse is formed when the contacts of the distributor break, which provides sparking on the candle at the moment of compression of the mixture.

disadvantage similar system is the mechanical wear of constantly moving parts and contacts, which affects the stability and quality of the motor. The problem is solved by timely adjustment and tuning of the ignition.

In non-contact devices, pulses are created electronic switches by a signal from a special sensor that records the piston in the cylinder reaching the top dead center. There is no dependence of the quality of the spark on the state of the contact groups.

How to independently adjust the ignition of a walk-behind tractor engine?

The motor starts with difficulty, does not gain power, the noise from its operation has increased - one of the reasons may be an early or late ignition setting.

The sequence of actions when working with the contact system:

1. Opening the crankcase, contact group set the maximum clearance by fully turning the crankshaft of the motor one revolution.
2. We expose the piston to a dead center. Its position is regulated by the instructions for the engine. There is a special label.
3. We loosen the fasteners of the stator and achieve the closure of the contact group.
4. Adjustment after assembling the parts is completed.

IN contactless system when adjusting, the crankcase and ignition marks are combined, for this:

1. We open the crankcase.
2. In the position of the dead center of the piston, we make a clearly visible mark on the rotor and crankcase.
3. When rotating crankshaft as soon as a spark appears, put a mark on the crankcase
4. The difference between the marks on the crankcase corresponds to the ignition timing.
5. We loosen the stator fasteners and set the angle in accordance with the instructions for the engine.
6. Ignition setup is complete.

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Ural UMP 5V - walk-behind tractor Russian production, has been on the market since the 1990s. This is one of the first such machines on the post-Soviet market. Today, the technique is outdated, but is still in steady demand in the supported market. The main advantages of the model are low cost and simplicity of design. The device is widely distributed in the CIS countries, and has established itself as a powerful and effective remedy for horticultural work. In the first years of production, the circulation of Ural UMZ 5V amounted to 130 thousand copies. The technique is unparalleled in its price category and therefore remains relevant. The optimal combination of power, quality and technical characteristics are the bright advantages that made the walk-behind tractor world famous.

Ural UMZ 5V is designed to perform various kinds jobs in record time. Due to the high performance walk-behind tractor equipped with towing device, is capable of transporting 500 kg of cargo and processing up to 2 hectares of land.

The machine has a wide track, easily adjustable depending on the conditions in which the owner wants to operate it. Thanks to correct setting the walk-behind tractor can be adapted to certain conditions, and thereby provide faster and light work with him.

Please note that the design of the Ural UMZ 5V is in many ways inferior to the walk-behind tractors produced by Minsk tractor plant. Therefore, the main activities of the machine are tillage and transportation of goods. The walk-behind tractor cannot be equipped with attachments, with which it could be used as a garbage and snow cleaner, grass mowing, etc. Thus, it makes sense to purchase such equipment for those who will use it in summer period for crop processing.

IN last years the production of a walk-behind tractor was produced with a foreign power plant, which did not gain popularity. Motorists choose domestic motor for which you can find cheap parts. The engine is aggregated with four gears.

The walk-behind tractor is quite reliable, and the simple design allows it to be serviced independently, in the garage. Moreover, many components and assemblies of the walk-behind tractor are so durable that the owners do not change them for decades, and prefer to fill in only oil and gasoline. And yet, the manufacturer recommends timely maintenance, replacement of spare parts, etc.

Characteristics

Ural UMZ 5V has a body length of 1560 mm. The width is 790mm and the height and ground clearance- 1050 and 280 mm, respectively. Full mass equipment excluding additional trailer is 120 kg.

Engine

Ural UMZ 5V is equipped with a gasoline 4-stroke air-cooled engine. The single-cylinder engine has a working volume of 0.5 liters and develops 5 Horse power. Its compression ratio is 6, and the cylinder diameter reaches 82 mm.

The power plant must be recognized as obsolete. But she has very robust design proven for decades. Therefore, many owners prefer not to change this unit to any Chinese motor. In addition, the domestic internal combustion engine is well adapted to any quality of fuel, and this should not be a problem.

Fuel consumption

The motoblock is equipped with a fuel tank of 6 l. This is a very large indicator against the background of analogues, while average consumption gasoline is only 2 liters per hour. The owners are very satisfied with the efficiency of the machine. In this regard, the device is in no way inferior to more modern analogues.

Prices in Russia

Serial production of the Ural UMZ 5V walk-behind tractor at this moment completed, however there is a lot of offer for sale on secondary market. People willingly buy even those copies that require restoration. After all, as mentioned above, the design of the model is simple and does not require professional skills.

Ural UMZ 5V on the supported market costs at least 10 thousand rubles, and the cost of cars in good condition can reach 30 thousand rubles. At the same time, the price depends not only on the condition, but also model year. Before buying, it is recommended to inspect the equipment from all sides, and if possible, conduct a detailed inspection of the bottom, since there may be corrosion. The most valuable thing in the Ural UMZ 5V walk-behind tractor is power point. You need to pay close attention to it. The unit is already old, it overhaul won't be cheap.

Ural UMZ 5V has practically no analogues, since this walk-behind tractor, one might say, is from another era. Of the more modern analogues that perform similar functions, one can single out the Cascade, NMB-1, as well as Oka and MB1 walk-behind tractors.

Video

Owner reviews

• Alexei, Sakhalin region. The motoblock was given to me by a friend. The car was in good condition, I've been using it for about a year. I use it for tillage, plowing and planting crops, transporting goods. So far, it works like a clock, I serve it myself in my garage.
• Pavel, Ryazan. I bought a walk-behind tractor on the secondary for cheap. For this price, he still has no analogues, and his opportunities are colossal. It doesn’t even scare that there is no support for attachments, it still justifies its price. Big fuel tank with a capacity of 6 liters, I also note low consumption, and thanks to this, the walk-behind tractor boasts a record power reserve compared to competitors. The design is simple, I serve it myself - there I just missed it once or twice. Easier and you can't imagine. In general, honor and praise to Soviet engineers, there was a time, they did it without any capricious electronics. I use the third year, I'm happy as an elephant.
• Igor, Kaliningrad. This is my first walk-behind tractor, very practical and reliable. Powerful enough and able to save fuel. The mass is solid - about 120 kg according to passport data. So he doesn't need ground hooks. The equipment has a decent margin of carrying capacity, decent soil depth parameters by modern standards, low fuel consumption and good maneuverability. Among the shortcomings, I note a noisy motor and vibrations, possible drips from the gearbox and engine compartment, corrosion, hard shifting. And the rest is all right. In any case, for its age, the Ural UMZ5V is doing well. I'm not going to sell yet.
• Nicholas, Irkutsk. For ten years of using the Ural UMZ 5V has served me faithfully. Now its body is practically covered with corrosion, especially in the lower part of the body, and under the bottom. The wheels are rusted, the engine often troit. Constant squeaks, vibrations, etc. In general, age is felt, but still works 100%. Perhaps I'll finish it off, and then I'll buy a new one.
• Semyon, Dnepropetrovsk. The technique is to be commended. All the same, they were able to do Soviet years, not like now - they stuffed full pants with electronics and happiness. This Ural has everything the old fashioned way, everything works reliably, since there is essentially nothing to break.
• Vasily, St. Petersburg. I liked the car, in my possession for four years. I chose a copy in good condition, with an overhaul of the engine. I think that the walk-behind tractor still has potential even by modern standards. The car consumes little fuel even under load. In addition, I note a good accelerating dynamics, simple design and cheap parts. For a Russian person, these are irreplaceable pluses, so I go and do not complain. It is a pity that you can not install attachments, but it is possible to install a trailer. The mass of the transported cargo can reach an acceptable 500 kg, and even with a margin. The suspension is strong, will withstand any belongings. There is support for the ancient 92nd gasoline. Decent smoothness, maneuverable steering wheel and clear gear shifting - you just need to lubricate it more often, and then everything will be fine.

Motoblock Ural was produced from 1990 to 1998 by the defense enterprise TsMPO, located on the territory of Bashkiria. Release discontinued due to development upgraded model Agros. Products under the brand name Ural were among the popular brands - over 8 years of production, more than 100 thousand copies were produced.

Specifications

According to the operating instructions for the Ural walk-behind tractor, the product consists of a frame made of steel profile. A power unit, a clutch mechanism and an additional 2-speed gearbox are installed on the frame. The power unit is installed through rubber shock absorbers that reduce vibration on the controls.

For movement, 2 wheels are used. On the walk-behind tractor, solid rubber tires with a diameter of 430 mm and a width of 110 mm. Fixed gauge track - 540 mm. The walk-behind tractor is controlled by handles fixed to the frame. With the help of the handles, rotation, change of engine speed and speed switching are performed. Steering can be adjusted according to the height of the operator. For adjustment, a bar with holes is used.

Walk-behind tractor dimensions:

• length - 1880 mm;
• width - 690 mm;
• height - 1280 mm.

A pin is installed on the front of the frame, used to install attachments. The pin is placed in a steel case bolted to the cross member. 2 holes are made in the body of the pin through which fixation is carried out attachments. A bracket is located on the rear cross member for mounting trailed equipment.

The engine installed on the walk-behind tractor needs regular maintenance with partial or complete disassembly. After 250 hours of operation, it is required to grind and adjust the valves. To set the valve timing on the gears there are marks. The clearance between the pushers and valves is adjusted using a special screw located at the end of the pusher.

The manufacturer allows a variation in the length and height of products within 50 mm, in width - within 20 mm. The weight of the equipped device is 120 kg, the weight of the towed trailer is 350 kg. Max speed movement - 11.5 km / h. For the fastest possible movement, a combination top gear in the engine and more speed in an additional gearbox.

Ural with UMZ-5V engine

The Ural UMZ-5V motoblock engine is a 4-stroke 1-cylinder gasoline unit with a volume of 475 cm³. The motor was originally created for operation on self-propelled agricultural machinery and stationary installations. The power unit develops a power of 4.5 liters. With. at 2000 rpm. The plant allows a short-term increase in power up to 5 liters. With. by increasing turnover.

Long work on increased power is not allowed, as it leads to overheating.

The engine is equipped with air cooling. A fan is used to cool the engine, which forces air into a casing located around the cylinder and head. During the operation of the walk-behind tractor, regular inspection and cleaning of the cooling fins from dust and oil is required. Accumulated dust impairs heat transfer and causes local overheating, which leads to increased wear engine.

The motor is equipped with an automatic speed controller. For this, a centrifugal mechanism is used, which does not allow a speed of more than 2350 rpm. When the number of revolutions is exceeded, a shift occurs throttle valve, which leads to a drop in speed. The engine manufacturer forbids self-adjustment speed limiter, as well as using it to control the speed.

The gas distribution system consists of 2 lower valves. Because of this, the motor has a low compression ratio of 6 units. The engine uses motor gasoline A-76 (A-80) as fuel. The fuel supply is located in a tank located above the engine carburetor, the fluid supply is by gravity. The fuel reserve in the tank is 6 liters, which provides an operating time of up to 4-4.5 hours. The operating time depends on the condition of the engine and the nature of the tasks performed.

The engine of the Ural walk-behind tractor is equipped with a 2-speed gearbox with reduction gears. The first speed reduces the rotational speed by 6 times and is used to perform work with a high coefficient of resistance (for example, plowing virgin soil). The second speed reduces the speed by 2.91 times and is used to operate the product with a trailer or when plowing soft soil. Switching the speeds of the UMB-K Ural walk-behind tractor according to the instructions is carried out on an idle engine.

The engine is started by a cord that is wound around the flywheel. Before starting, it is required to set the crankshaft to the position of the end of compression. Starting the engine is allowed in 1 or 2 gears of the motor gearbox.

The output shaft of the engine is equipped with a 2-strand pulley, designed to transmit torque to the additional gearbox and to drive attachments. On the fan side, there is a second pulley used to drive attachments that require a higher rotational speed of the working elements. The clutch mechanism consists of belts and tension rollers.

In the transmission case of a walk-behind tractor with an UMZ-5V engine, according to the repair instructions, it is refueled transmission oil in a volume of 1.5 liters. The filling of the substance is carried out through a hole closed with a plastic stopper.

IN standard set attachments for the walk-behind tractor included a cultivator. For the transportation of goods weighing up to 350 kg, a 2-wheeled trolley TOP-350/350M was used. When using a single-furrow plow, an adapter is required, which is attached to the frame. The use of a plow is allowed in conjunction with metal wheels equipped with lugs. Together with the plow, a mounted potato digger is used.

Ural with ZiD engine

Small batches of walk-behind tractors were equipped with a ZiD-4.5 brand power unit. By design, the motor does not differ much from the UMZ-5V. On crankshaft pulley and sprocket for chain drive are located. The pulley is located on the flywheel side, the chain drive is on the gearbox side. chain drive it is applied to the drive of stationary installations. The engine is lubricated by splashing, oil is supplied by a plunger pump from a sump that holds 1.5 liters of fluid.

A belt drive is used to transfer torque from the engine to the transmission. The belt for the walk-behind tractor has a size of 1120 * 17 * 11 mm. The walk-behind tractor uses a 2-speed transmission, the device and control of which are similar to machines with an UMZ-5V motor. The gearbox has 2 speeds, reducing the speed by 17 and 7 times, respectively. Switching of speeds is made by the handle. Before starting the operation of the walk-behind tractor, it is required to check the level and add gear oil to the gearbox. Rated capacity crankcase is 1.5 liters.

The engine ignition system includes a magneto that provides a constant ignition timing. As wear occurs, the angle changes, resulting in precarious work ignition. To adjust the ignition of the walk-behind tractor, it is necessary to control the moment the breaker contacts start opening and the maximum gap between them. The check is carried out with the flywheel removed by combining the notch on the crankshaft with the notch on the base of the magneto armature.

The power system includes a K16N or ZiD-12 carburetor and a fuel tank that can hold 8 liters of gasoline. Adjusting the carburetor of the walk-behind tractor allows you to ensure uniform engine operation and the fuel consumption declared by the plant. Adjustment is carried out when the engine is warm by turning the screw idle move and throttle stop screw. This sets the minimum idle speed.

Ural with a Chinese engine

Many owners of Ural motoblocks lack the power of a regular power unit. Instead, Chinese engines or other motors are often used. imported production. Installation Chinese engine is made on a standard frame through additional cross members. Crossbars are attached to the frame by welding or bolts. Imported power units have an increased crankshaft speed, so the use of homemade pulleys in the clutch is required.

The increased power of the power unit expands the possibilities for do-it-yourself modification. The technique is able to work in winter time with an installed rotary snow blower.

Advantages and disadvantages

Based on reviews model range motoblocks Ural can distinguish a number of advantages:

• the weight of the product is 120 kg, so during operation there is no need to exert additional physical impact on the control handles;
• the possibility of alteration and modernization;
• the engine for the Ural walk-behind tractor with a gearbox has a long resource;
• effective air cleaner that does not require replacement of filter elements;
• simplicity of design and the possibility of self-repair.

The owners note the disadvantages:

• oil leaks at the joints of engine and gearbox parts;
• the need to check the oil level;
• increased fuel consumption and engine oil due to the design features of the gas distribution mechanism;
• walk-behind tractor is not suitable for long trips with a trailer due to low speed.