Most batteries are products that can quickly deteriorate and lose their quality some time after they are made. Despite the fact that the origin of most types of batteries is quite low, it is still not recommended to store them before use. for a long time.
The basic rule of battery storage should include careful and careful attitude to the battery. It is forbidden to beat the battery, throw it, and especially avoid actions that can depressurize it. Do not forget that there are elements in the battery that generate energy, and actions not aimed at the benefit of the battery can disrupt the structure of the battery, and lead to the fact that the battery can be left without using it.
During storage, chemical processes occur inside the battery, as a result, the active substances of which turn into inactive ones, and eventually lose their activity altogether. Storage temperature is a very important factor.
High temperature gives acceleration of activity processes, and low temperature, respectively, vice versa.
When storing a battery that is in a discharged state, crystallization occurs lead plates, and it leads to a decrease in the life of the battery.
If the battery is stored in a warehouse, then it is worth monitoring the temperature inside it, and the battery should be charged sometimes.
Also, the main rule for storing batteries is that all of them should be stored in a fairly cool and dry place. But if the room in which the battery is stored is heated, then the distance from the battery to the device that heats this or that room should be at least one meter.
You should not cover the stored battery with anything; it will be enough to monitor the heating temperature. The quality of how it will work depends on how the battery is properly stored and operated. Periodically, you need to check the battery level.
When storing batteries:
- Remove battery.
- Fully charge it.
- Wipe the battery surface with a solution of soda.
- Store the battery in a dry, preferably wooden place.
- Periodically test the battery.
When charging the battery, you should follow the rules of not only storage, but also safety rules. During storage, batteries must be charged every month with a current equal to 0.1 of their capacity in order to restore their self-discharge.
Batteries, as you know, come in two types: dry-charged and filled with electrolyte. It is from this type that the method of their storage depends.
If the battery is dry, then there are no storage requirements as such. The most important thing is that the room in which the battery will be stored is dry, ventilated and excludes sunlight from reaching the battery.
New, batteries that are not filled with electrolyte can be stored in rooms whose temperature reaches -30 degrees, up to three years. To avoid mastic cracks, barateas are not recommended to be stored at a lower temperature.
If the battery is filled with electrolyte, then you need to follow certain rules:
- First, before removing the battery, you need to make sure that it is fully charged. But if the battery is in a discharged state, then it can be charged using an external device.
- Secondly, put the battery in a dark, ventilated room in a horizontal position.
- Thirdly, attention should be paid to ensure that the level and density of the electrolyte are normal.
There are two situations when storing flooded batteries:
- New batteries are stored before being used.
- Storage that is associated with the operation process.
In both cases, before you start storing, you need to determine what state of charge the battery is. If the density of the electrolyte is below 1.26 g/cm³ or NRC is below 12.6 V, then it is recommended to charge the battery to the density specified in the instruction manual.
Without additional charging, the battery can be stored for about a year. But if you use calcium battery, the storage time frame can be extended. The self-discharge of such batteries is minimal. This applies to batteries that are less than a year old.
If the battery has been in storage for more than 1.5 years, then checking the density of the electrolyte and recharging it will be once every three months. But if, however, there is no possibility of storing the battery at home, then it is worth turning off the mass. This will help keep the battery charged for a long time. Low antimony batteries can be stored up to five months, hybrid batteries up to eight months, and calcium batteries up to twelve months.
When storing the battery, do not drain the electrolyte. With a new, re-charge, the battery will not be able to restore the previous parameters that it had. In addition, the electrolyte is toxic sulfuric acid, which is a negative chemical component, and if it comes into contact with the skin, it can leave burns. In case of contact with the body, you should immediately consult a doctor.
It should be noted that according to the battery storage rules, it is strictly forbidden to turn over or lay the battery on its side, it must be in a horizontal position only. Regardless of how long the storage period of the battery is, it is necessary to check its charge and electrolyte level. If the battery is completely discharged, then it must be recharged.
It happens that it is not possible to carry out battery storage checks. And in this case, the battery should be conserved.
How to store batteries in the winter.
Winter is a problematic time of the year for machinery.
Cold wind, dampness and snow affect the technical condition of the devices in the most negative way. First of all, dampness has a negative impact on the condition of the battery.
In order for the battery to be operational in winter, the following rules will help you:
- Clean the battery case and air vents from dirt that has accumulated over the summer;
- Remove oxide from the terminals, treat these terminals with lithol;
- Increase the battery charge level to the rate indicated by the manufacturer.
In case you could not cope with this, contact the specialists. In winter, batteries fail because the load on one or another device increases significantly. For the systematic operation of the battery in winter, it is necessary to use heat-insulating materials to protect against the cold. It is also necessary to recharge the battery from time to time to improve its performance.
What are the storage periods for batteries?
In fact, the battery is not a finished product for consumption. For the most part, it goes in the form component element To various devices having separate element nutrition. But the shelf life of this element is much more important than the shelf life of the product itself. The quality of the battery depends on the quality of the safety of the product, and its performance.
Why determine retention periods?
For battery - term suitability, this is the same as his safe use. That is why knowing the expiration dates of any battery is essential.
The continued operation of the battery depends on many factors:
- What is it made of?
- What device is it a part of?
- Works or not?
- Electrical characteristics.
- How many times has the battery been recharged?
- What were the operating conditions?
It is worth remembering that during storage of the battery, discharge can occur naturally. And if the battery is stored for a long time without recharging, then the ability of a long charge delay will be lost. Chemical reactions caused naturally can have a negative impact on the performance of a particular element. After storage of the battery, the density of the electrolyte should be checked.
The battery in the car is designed to start the engine. Good battery- the key to the good work of the whole car. Prolonged downtime of the car negatively affects its technical condition and further work. The reason for downtime may be the long-term departure of the car owner, winter period year when a large number of snow and very dangerous to travel by car. Therefore, it is very important to adhere to the rules for storing a car battery.
Car batteries can be in two states: dry charged or filled with electrolyte. Dry batteries are stored in a dry, warm and well-ventilated area. The main requirement for storage is the complete absence of direct sunlight on its surface. When ultraviolet light interacts with plastic, polymeric materials lose their properties. The battery must be sealed, all plugs tightly screwed. Do not turn the battery upside down during storage. It is necessary to send the battery filled with electrolyte for storage only after full charge and checking the electrolyte level and density. If the electrolyte level in the banks is below normal, it should be supplemented with distilled water. When the battery is disconnected, a pattern is observed, first the negative terminal is removed, and then the positive one. This avoids short circuits. After preparatory work The battery is stored in a dark and well-ventilated area. It is installed in a horizontal position on a stand.
The battery is needed to start the vehicle's engine. His goodness makes stable job mechanism. Vehicle downtime, which often occurs in the winter, does not have the best effect on the condition of the battery. Storage rules in the cold season will help maintain its performance.
Batteries are of several types:
- dry-charged - designed for self refueling electrolyte, after which the battery is ready for use without requiring additional charge;
- filled with electrolyte during production (maintenance-free) - equipped with special elements, which absorb moisture and prevent the electrolyte from flowing out of the case;
- gel - the electrolyte is contained in a thickened state (they are resistant to heavy loads, fast charge and endurance to deep discharges);
- motorcycle - the electrolyte is absorbed into the absorbed fiberglass.
Battery photo gallery
Motorcycle batteries are subjected to high electrical loads 
The gel battery is the safest and most durable of all types of batteries. 
A maintenance-free battery does not allow you to check the electrolyte level, but requires periodic charging 
A dry-charged battery requires periodic checking of the electrolyte level and the addition of distilled water.
Is winter storage required?
Some motorists remove the battery at night and take it home. Is there a need for this or is it a relic of the past? Only one thing can be said for sure - it makes no sense to perform such a procedure every day. IN winter time, if the frost does not drop to 30 degrees, and the car is used regularly, it is enough to remove the battery twice a month to charge it.
It is also possible that the battery is already old, so it does not withstand spending the night outside in the winter. In this case, you also need to take care to bring it into heat. Although in similar situation better buy new battery, since it is troublesome to constantly remove it and bring it home.
Owners who rarely use the car in winter should take care of keeping the battery warm. Even if it is fully operational, it will sit down in idle mode in just two weeks. Bring the battery into heat should be at night, if expected very coldy. In this case, you should not take risks and leave the device in the car, otherwise in the morning it may simply not start. If the car is not used at all in winter, the battery is removed and stored separately from it throughout the cold season.
Preparatory work
To prevent the battery from being discharged during downtime, it is necessary to disconnect one terminal from it. In this case, the loss of charge will be, but insignificant. However the best option the battery will be stored in a warm room in the winter. When the battery is removed, the car will painlessly perceive the absence of voltage. You could even say that it will benefit him.
When removing the battery, first disconnect the negative and then the positive terminal, which avoids a short circuit Dry battery
Preparation of a dry battery is carried out in the following way:
- The corks of the jars are unscrewed, and the electrolyte level is measured through the holes using a glass tube. Its quantity can also be estimated from the marks that are present inside each can. If the battery is transparent, the electrolyte level is visible from outside. In this case, marks are usually applied to the battery case. The electrolyte level must be within 12 mm. If the value obtained is less, it is required to add distilled water.
- The density of the electrolyte is checked, its indicator should be 1.25–1.29, but not differ by more than 0.01. If this condition is not met, you need to achieve an average value. When the density is greater, distilled water is added, with a lower value, battery acid is poured.
- The surface of the battery is washed with a solution of baking soda to neutralize the acid, and the terminals are treated with conductive grease.
- The body surface is checked for damage.
- The battery is charged, wrapped in plastic wrap or a rag to avoid possible external influences, and placed in the designated storage area.
If it is not possible to charge a serviced battery, fill it with a solution of boric acid (5%). You will need to perform actions in the following sequence:
- The battery is fully charged.
- The electrolyte solution is drained within 15 minutes.
- Distilled water is poured inside, the battery is thoroughly washed 2 times.
- Boric acid solution is poured.
filled with electrolyte
To prepare the device for storage, the following sequence of actions is performed:
- The degree of charge of the device is estimated - if it is low, then it is increased using an external charger.
- The battery is removed from the machine, the terminals are disconnected in the correct sequence.
- The body of the device is cleaned of traces of contamination.
- The battery is wrapped in a rag or plastic wrap and sent for storage.
Gel
Such batteries are maintenance-free devices. In addition, they are resistant to atmospheric and other types of external influences. To prepare your device for winter storage:
- Recharge the battery if it is low. At the same time, it should be remembered that gel batteries very demanding on pressure. During the charging process, it should remain unchanged, not exceed 14.4 V.
- Remove the device from the vehicle.
- Allocate a place to store the battery and place it in any position.
The gel battery is able to work even with a damaged case, but it still doesn’t hurt to check it.
for motorcycle
Before you send a motorcycle battery for "wintering", it must be prepared:
- The device is removed from the motorcycle.
- The battery warms up to room temperature and is fully charged. In this case, it is important to pay attention to which electrochemical system is used in it. IN modern motorcycles lithium - iron or lithium - copper batteries. Charging them yourself is not recommended. Considering that devices of this type have a lower capacity than car batteries, in this case, a special charger is used.
- The battery is examined for damage and sent to a dry, dark place for storage.
Home storage rules
There are several rules that should be followed to ensure the complete safety of the battery. Each type of battery has its own nuances and storage features.
Batteries should not be placed near hygroscopic materials, as acid fumes can damage them.
The storage area should be dark, dry and well ventilated. The optimum temperature is 0˚С. During storage, the battery should not come into contact with textiles and other products. In addition, you need to protect the battery from direct sunlight, as they can destroy its coating, which will lead to the loss of its original properties. Do not forget to check the degree of its charge every month in order to increase it if necessary.
Do not place acid batteries on alkaline devices dry charged
The serviced accumulator is stored in vertical position. Its plugs are wrapped tightly so that moisture does not get inside. The body of the device must be dry and sealed. When storing such a battery, it is necessary to keep a distance of at least 1 meter from heaters. The plugs should be checked periodically - if they have moved away, they will need to be tightened again tightly, after which the battery can be installed in its original place. It is advisable to store the device on a stand.
Unattended
The storage requirements for a flooded battery are practically the same as for dry-charged batteries. True, you don’t have to check how tight the plugs are. The instrument is also placed in a dry room with low humidity and good ventilation, installed vertically. Recommended to avoid sudden changes temperatures, as this may adversely affect battery performance in the future. If the battery has been used for less than a year, it does not always require additional charging. In other cases, the device is usually charged every three months.
Gel
Gel batteries require recharging much less frequently than other types of batteries. It is enough to do this once a season, sometimes more often. The main thing is not to interrupt the process, but to bring it to the end. For example, if you stop at 70%, the device will not be able to reach the required capacity next time. Therefore, a fully charged battery must be delivered to the storage room. If it is serviceable, most likely, you will not have to carry out any manipulations with it. Although, periodic checks do not hurt. Gel batteries withstand temperatures from -35˚C to +60˚C and can be installed in any position. The room does not require additional ventilation.
Motorcycle
If the motorcycle is in a dry garage that is heated and its temperature is at least 15 ° C, the battery can not be removed. It is enough to restrict ourselves to disconnecting the negative terminal so that the device does not self-discharge. If the conditions are not suitable for storing the battery, it will have to be removed and taken to a warmer place. During the winter, you will need to charge 3-4 times.
Restoration of working condition
At the end of winter, the battery should be prepared for use. First, a solution poured in the fall is drained from it. It is worth noting that this must be done slowly, at the same pace at which it was filled. In time, draining the acid takes about 20 minutes. Then the device is washed several times from the inside with distilled water. It is desirable that she stand in the battery banks for 10 minutes to obtain best effect. When the battery is thoroughly washed, electrolyte is poured into it and left for 40 minutes. This is necessary to check that its density has remained unchanged. Otherwise, you will need to adjust this indicator, focusing on the marks.
After performing these steps, the device is completely ready for operation, it can be installed in vehicle. Terminals are connected to reverse order when compared with the process of removing the battery.
If stick established rules If you store the battery and use it correctly, it will last for a very long time.
Winter time is problematic not only for people, but also for mechanisms. The fact is that dampness, cold cold wind and snow most negatively affect the state of various technical devices. Moreover, batteries suffer especially from dampness.
The reason why batteries fail is that in winter the load on this technical device increases significantly. It is not only the negative impact of weather factors that is to blame for this, but also the growing consumption of electricity. Just in winter, when the car is running, additional consumers of electricity are involved. These include, for example, parking lights and headlights.
Also, electricity consumption is used to heat the windows and create a comfortable microclimate inside the cabin. Given this heavy load, it is not difficult to predict that if in a given period you do not provide proper care behind the battery, its service life will be significantly reduced. That is why ensuring the performance of equipment is so important.
In general, caring for a battery in winter can be divided into two points. The first is to ensure that the device remains operational during continuous use. Second, providing proper storage when the car winters in the garage.
In winter, as mentioned above, the load on the battery is much greater. Often a car that has stood overnight on the street does not start the first time. And if it does start, then a motor with frozen cylinders and pistons requires much more output from the battery than when starting under normal conditions. As a result, the battery does not really have time to charge, and in order to ensure its constant combat readiness, the motorist will need to constantly maintain it in working condition, paying more attention than usual.
Moreover, you need to remember this not when the car has spent the night at a temperature below zero for a couple of nights, but much earlier. The fact is that if the motor scrolls for a long time (more than fifteen minutes in a row), this contributes to the melting of the battery plates, a drop in its energy intensity and a deterioration in functioning. As a result, gradually, without proper care, the battery fails, and it will need to be changed. To keep the battery in working condition in winter, the following list of actions will help:
1. we clean the ventilation holes and the battery case from accumulated summer time pollution;
2. remove the oxide from the terminals and treat them with lithol;
3. do not tighten the bolts during processing, so that if necessary (during a short circuit), the terminals can easily open;
4. We increase the charge level of the battery power source to the rate specified by the manufacturer. If you cannot do it yourself due to lack of experience and special equipment you just need to seek professional help.
Such a set of measures should be carried out monthly - a couple of times, or even more often, especially if the battery is old and barely works. For the night and before you go on a responsible trip, better battery leave at home overnight. After all, when the temperature drops, the speed of all processes occurring in the battery slows down, and this entails a decrease in its energy intensity.
In addition, we note that for the uninterrupted operation of the battery in winter, it is imperative to use some kind of heat-insulating material to protect the battery itself from the cold and engine compartment. In parallel with this, throughout the winter, you need to periodically recharge the battery in order to increase its performance. Professionals also recommend that in the morning, when starting and warming up the engine, do not turn on the headlights, climate control, and other additional power consumers to allow the battery to build up power to the desired level. For the domestic climate, it will also not be superfluous to buy special starter batteries working on the basis of lead plates. Such batteries work without problems even at very low temperatures Oh. Well, let us recall that it is also necessary to store the battery in the winter, if the car remains in the garage for the winter.
Proper battery storage is essential. IN such a case it is advisable to disconnect the battery by disconnecting one terminal. In this case, the battery will not discharge too much, after which it will not need to be recharged regularly. When there are severe frosts on the street, it is better to remove the battery from the car and hide it in a warmer place. For example, in the cellar or in the basement. It's still warmer there than outside.
It is also worth noting that the principle of storing a battery battery largely depends on the state in which it is located. We are talking about which battery is dry charged or flooded with electrolyte. If you need to store dry-charged battery, then you need to choose the right storage location. So, the room in which the battery will be stored should not be damp and there should be good air circulation in it.
It is also worth noting that during storage, the battery case should also not be exposed to sunlight. The fact is that direct sunlight can spoil and deform the plastic from which the battery case is made. The result of this will be the presence of frequent failures in its work. Also, before putting the battery into storage, you need to clarify its tightness. To do this, evaluate the degree of tightening of all the plugs that are on the banks. Also, the battery case must be completely free of any damage.
Battery storage with electrolyte
To save battery device in working order until next season, it is worth disconnecting the terminal with a minus in series, and then with a plus. The importance of shutting down in this way is of great importance, as otherwise short circuit which will destroy the equipment. Store batteries of any type, and not just filled ones, only horizontally. Do not drain the electrolyte from the battery, as it will quickly break down.
Before putting the battery into storage, it is necessary to remove the electrolyte from its case. Next, to ensure adequate storage, you need to check the level of electrolyte in the jars. In the case when the electrolyte level is lowered, it is necessary to add distilled water to the norm. During operation, do not use acid and ordinary tap water, as the battery pack may be damaged. At the end of all the above steps, immediately before placing the battery in storage, you must finally charge it to the eyeballs. 
In the event that you do not have the opportunity in winter to regularly raise the battery charge by desired level, you can fill it with a 5-ton solution of boric acid for the duration of storage. This principle of storage avoids the self-discharge of the battery for a period of long storage without recharging. In this case, it is necessary to act in this way:
1. fully charge the battery, and then gradually, over ten to twenty minutes, drain the electrolyte;
2. wash the battery capacity a couple of times with distilled water, each time leaving water in the battery for twenty minutes;
3. Pour boric acid into a clean battery container and store it during the winter period.
It is worth adding that the storage of a battery treated in this way is carried out at a temperature not lower than zero, since the solution filled with boric acid will freeze. To restore battery health, all you need is:
1. drain the poured solution in the fall, and this should be done as slowly as pouring. That is, the time to drain the acid must be spent at least twenty minutes;
2. after the acid is drained, you can fill the battery with the required amount of sulfate electrolyte;
After that, the battery is ready for use and can be installed in the car. Finally, we note that all of the above actions, of course, will take you some time, but at the same time they will extend battery life, improve its condition, increase energy efficiency, and this is exactly the effect that is needed for the smooth operation of the entire car. Keep this in mind, and your car will always be in perfect condition!
Any batteries have a certain service life, which directly depends on how they are used. During certain periods (more often in winter) they may not be used at all, and then it is possible to maintain their performance if the owner knows how to store batteries. There are several types batteries(lead-acid, lithium-ion, nickel-cadmium), differing in device and chemical components. Accordingly, their storage methods are also somewhat different.
Lead acid batteries
Hearing the name of this type of battery, people immediately remember the car, as well as used on motorcycles or outboard motors. IN industrial environment such batteries are usually stored without electrolyte. In this case, their shelf life is three years (dry-charged - only 1 year). They withstand temperatures from minus 30 to plus 40 degrees without damage.
But car owners are dealing with batteries filled with electrolyte. To maintain the performance of such a battery for a long time, it is necessary to monitor its condition and store it properly in the winter.
In the warm season, when the machine is actively used, the battery does not experience overloads and is always fully charged. It remains for the car owner to periodically check the level of electrolyte in the banks, as it gradually evaporates. If necessary, add distilled water (since it is mostly water that evaporates, and the acid remains in solution).
Storage of lead-acid batteries in winter
In winter, the situation changes. Many owners use the car much less often, and some put it in the garage or in the parking lot for the entire cold period. In this case, only knowing how to store the battery in frosty time, you can ensure its performance.
Acid batteries do not tolerate low temperatures well. Therefore, it is better to put them in long-term storage in places where this indicator does not fall below zero in winter, for example, in a cellar or on an insulated balcony. Before placing car battery for storage, it is necessary to check the electrolyte level in the banks - all plates must be closed.
After that, it must be put on charge, as to store lead acid battery should only be fully charged. Terminals should be protected from corrosion by lubricating with lithol. The battery should be installed on a horizontal surface and protected from dust. If it is not used for long period, then once a month it must be recharged.
If in winter they constantly leave, then the battery is usually not removed from the car. But it should be remembered that in the cold, even an unconnected battery discharges faster, which means that the density of the electrolyte decreases. If it is not recharged in time, the electrolyte may freeze and destroy the plates or the battery case.
Therefore, the battery should be insulated and ensure that it is always fully charged. And during long breaks between trips, it is better to remove it from the car and bring it into heat.
Insulated battery
In no case during storage should not:
- Drain the electrolyte from the battery. This will not only not help to save it in the winter, but, on the contrary, will completely disable it.
- Try to increase the density of the electrolyte by adding acid to the jars. This will not give a positive result, but it may well permanently ruin the battery.
- Store the battery near heating devices, as well as at temperatures exceeding plus 30 degrees.
- Cannot be stored lead acid batteries next to alkaline.
- Leave discharged for a long time.
Lead acid batteries closed type, which appeared in Russia in the 90s, are mainly used as backup power supplies for communication equipment, fire alarms and video surveillance. Instead of an electrolyte, they use a gel. They are hermetically sealed, which means that the gel does not dry out. These batteries are constantly in the room, so the question “how to store them properly” does not arise.
Storage of other types of batteries
A number of appliances and tools powered by different kind batteries, at home is not constantly used. So, the battery of a screwdriver, drill or electric screwdriver at home can be used only a few times a year. Therefore, it is worth figuring out how to properly store such batteries and how long they can lie without use.
Autonomous power tools have become widespread with the advent of nickel cadmium batteries. They are able to ensure long-term use of a screwdriver or camera, withstanding 3500 thousand charge-discharge cycles. If a car (lead-acid) battery must be fully charged during storage, then a nickel battery, on the contrary, must be partially (approximately 60%) discharged.
Nickel-cadmium battery
It is not always possible to accurately measure the charge level, so it is easier and better to fully discharge the batteries and then recharge them a little. It is better to store such batteries at room temperature in a dry place. In winter, you can not leave them in unheated rooms. It is better, having removed it from a screwdriver or drill, so as not to take up much space, bring it home.
Currently, more modern lithium-ion batteries have appeared, the cost of which is much higher than that of nickel-cadmium, but they have several advantages:
- High capacity.
- As a result - less weight and dimensions.
- Requires less time to charge.
- They have no charge memory effect.
Such batteries are mainly used on phones and tablets. For power tools, they are still little used because of the high price. Not every person will agree to pay for the battery an amount that is comparable to the cost of the purchased screwdriver.
Lithium-ion batteries, when stored for a long time, do not tolerate both a full charge and a zero one. At the same time, partially discharged (up to 30-50%) such a battery can be safely stored at room temperature for up to a year. If lithium-ion batteries are fully charged, their capacity will decrease significantly after a long period of inactivity. And a battery with zero charge left in a drawer or on a shelf for several months will most likely have to be thrown away.
Lithium-ion batteries do not tolerate both high and low temperatures. If a camera, tablet or screwdriver is accidentally left in a garage or in a car for a long time in winter, the battery may become unusable. The recommended shelf life of the lithium-ion battery between charges is approximately 90 days.
You can greatly extend the life of a lithium-ion battery if properly maintained. It should be noted that it is better to charge such a battery without waiting for it to become completely discharged. When fully charged-discharged, such batteries can withstand about 600 cycles. And if recharging is carried out with a residual charge of 10-15%, then the number of cycles increases to 1700. But on devices where recharging is performed without removing lithium-ion batteries(phones, tablets, players), once every three to four months it is advisable to perform a complete discharge. This is necessary so that the minimum and maximum charge values \u200b\u200bare reset on the device controller.
After long-term storage of batteries of any type, in order to fully restore their capacity, it is necessary to carry out several charge-discharge cycles. Under no circumstances should batteries be discharged by short circuiting!
