“What should the car be equipped with? ”- this is the question that every novice motorist asks. When registering a new car, you need to know the rules for completing vehicles for their safe and legal operation. IN Russian Federation provided standard equipment for all cars.
On public, passenger and freight transport, there must be: a first-aid kit with a medical necessary set medicines, fire extinguisher and emergency hazard sign.
Medical car first aid kit- This required item inside the car. Any car must be equipped with a first aid kit. Rules for completing medical car first aid kits specified in the relevant regulations.
According to these rules, the composition of components should include the following medicines and preparations:
1. Analgin (or aspirin, as an analogue) as part of 1 package. Analgin has an analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect. This drug is used for any pain, especially effective for headaches, neuralgia, etc. Analgin can be stored for no more than 4 years.
2. Hypothermic portable cooling pack, in the amount of 1 piece.
3. A solution of sodium sulfacyl, in the amount of 1 vial.
4. A tourniquet to help stop arterial bleeding. The tourniquet should be with dosed compression, in the amount of 1 piece.
5. Sterile bandage, in the amount of 1 piece.
6. Non-sterile bandage, in the amount of 1 piece.
7. Bandage for dressing dirty wounds containing silver nitrate or dioxidine.
8. Bactericidal adhesive plaster, in the amount of 8 pieces.
9. Sterile wipes to stop bleeding (capillary or venous) containing furagin. In the amount of 3 pieces. Can be replaced with Statin powder, in the amount of 1 piece.
10. Elastic bandage non-sterile, in the amount of 1 piece.
11. A solution of brilliant green or iodine, in the amount of 1 vial
12. Cotton wool medical non-sterile, in the amount of 50 grams
13. Nitroglycerin tablets. This drug helps to relieve sharp and stabbing pains in the heart. It is used as well as validol. In the amount of 1 pack
14. Validol tablets or capsules. Helps relieve heart pain. Also has wide application with angina pectoris, various neuroses. In addition, it is used as an antiemetic. This drug must be kept under the tongue until completely absorbed. The shelf life of these tablets is no more than three years. In the first-aid kit, there should be 1 pack.
15. A device that helps to carry out artificial respiration, in the amount of 1 piece.
16. Ammonia, in the amount of 1 vial. It is used to bring a person to life, through the excitation of the breathing process. Apply as follows - drop a small amount on a piece of cotton wool and bring it to the person's nose for a short time.
17. Activated carbon in the amount of 2-3 packs. This medication is used for disorders of the digestive system, for poisoning, etc. It is taken at the rate of: one tablet per kilogram of a person's weight.
18. Corvalol in the amount of 1 vial. It is used in stressful situations, helps with heart pain. Apply in accordance with the instructions for the drug.
19. Scissors, in the amount of 1 piece.
20. Plastic case
You also need to remember that as you use it is necessary to add drugs. In addition, it is necessary to monitor the expiration date of the drugs. First of all, before using medications, you should consult with your doctor about the properties of the medication, and also carefully read the instructions for the drug. Remember that the medical kit should always be equipped with the necessary drugs and tools. Compliance with these simple rules will help you in a difficult situation, you can always rely on your medical car kit.
In addition to a first-aid kit, a car and any other vehicle should be equipped with a fire extinguisher. vehicle. On this moment fire extinguishers are produced various configurations and various properties. So, for example, there are carbon dioxide, powder and air-foam fire extinguishers. For vehicles, powder and carbon dioxide are considered the most optimal. In addition, according to current requirements, the permissible volume of fire extinguishers for cars is also stipulated. So, a fire extinguisher cannot be less than two liters in volume. Many motorists are outraged about the installed volume. They say that this is too much, and it is inconvenient to carry such fire extinguishers, they say, they take up a lot of space in the car. The following can be said about this. Firstly, such a fire extinguisher does not take up so much space, and secondly, in the event of a emergency, in which this device may be needed, such a volume may even seem small. The fire extinguisher should be within easy reach of the driver, and not lie in the trunk, littered with various items and tools. The place where a fire extinguisher and a first-aid kit should be located is established directly by the car manufacturer. Moreover, the volume of two liters is set for cars, and for heavy vehicles there is a limit of five liters. And it would be more correct to complete freight transport two or more fire extinguishers, because in the event of a fire, prompt action will be required with large expenditures of funds to extinguish the fire. In public transport, it is necessary to have two (at least) fire extinguishers, one of which must be located in the driver's cab, and the other in the passenger compartment within walking distance for passengers.
Compliance with legal regulations is a guarantee that you will be able to move safely in your vehicle. The car must be completed in accordance with the above standards.
Modern motorists have stopped thinking about what you need to have in the car in case emergency. There are understandable reasons for this. The equipment has become incredibly reliable and does not require maintenance of tens of thousands of kilometers, and the roads are overgrown with a developed infrastructure with numerous gas stations, service centers and all sorts of cafes. And yet, do not relax! In this article we will tell you what must be in your car. And this emergency kit can save your life!
Why is it needed
Any motorist can get into an unpleasant situation. Even the most reliable car and honed driving skills do not guarantee that you will not get into an accident, will not be in the zone natural disaster or you won’t break down, ironically, in the most inopportune place and at the most “right” time. Especially in winter period. This means that you should always be ready for it. To do this, we recommend that you get all necessary things. We tell you exactly what and why.
trench equipment
First of all, we will carry out an audit in the car. Each vehicle is factory-equipped with a minimum set of essential tools. This is the so-called trench tool. It includes jack, wheel wrench, spare wheel or a tire repair kit, towing eyes (may be removable), a wheel lock wrench (if any). A good set, but often partially or completely useless.
Jack
A regular factory jack is usually either uncomfortable or frankly weak, but light and small. After a few uses, it often breaks. No one guarantees that it will not work out exactly when it is vital for you. Check its performance or, if there is even the slightest suspicion of its imminent breakdown, purchase a quality product and take it with you. If you have a rolling hydraulic jack, choose a suitable pad for it (for example, a piece of board or moisture-resistant thick plywood).
balloon wrench
As a balloon wrench, the handle of that very regular frail jack is usually used. After visiting tire center or a car service, you are almost guaranteed not to be able to turn them away wheel nuts or bolts and you won't be able to put the spare wheel in - the key will just curl up or break. Unfortunately it does not match Russian realities, in which the wheels are tightened with a pneumatic tool by eye, until they turn blue. Get a reinforced wheel wrench, preferably a cruciform one, and in addition, it's a good idea to pick up a piece of pipe to extend it if necessary.
Towing eyelets
Note exactly where the front and rear towing eyes are. If they are removable, periodically lubricate the threads on the body or drive it from time to time with a tap so that, if necessary, you can easily tow or pull the car out of snow and mud.
Cable
Complement car set reliable rope. It is best to purchase a textile product from a trusted brand with a guaranteed margin of safety and good hooks. Metal tow rope does not have elasticity, often breaks or damages the eyelets. It is good to have a jerk cable with high elasticity.
Spare wheel/stowaway
Always keep the spare tire or stowaway inflated. The pressure in the spare wheel is recommended to be maintained in the region of 3 atm. If initially you only have a dokatka or a tire repair kit, but you drive long distance, on bad or deserted roads, get a full size wheel - it can be placed in regular place or put in the trunk in a special case.
Compressor and tire repair kit
It does not hurt to always have a powerful compressor from a trusted company with you in case two or more wheels are damaged. And also replenish stocks with a tire repair kit. We do not recommend using Chinese harnesses, however, such repairs can be very useful in a hopeless situation, when this is the only chance to get to a tire fitting or car shop.
Starter wires
Jump leads usually come in handy during the cold season when batteries lose capacity. At severe frosts reliable starting wires may become one of the most simple ways start the engine using the so-called "lighting". Choosing wires Special attention pay attention to the quality of the "crocodiles" and insulation. Correct wires have a silicone shell that does not tan in the cold.
Fire extinguisher
The fire extinguisher must be known to work and kept in an easily accessible place. It's best to put it under driver's seat and fasten securely. A fire extinguisher put in the trunk is usually useless: by the time you get to it, the car will already have time to flare up, especially if it is badly damaged in an accident. And yet, in the trunk, it also does not hurt - as a spare.
Technical fluids
Put in the trunk small containers with brake fluid and power steering fluid, a scale with engine oil. It is not necessary to carry coolant - in emergency you can add ordinary water to the tank - this will not lead to serious consequences. The main thing is not to forget to change it at the first opportunity to the correct "cooler".
Important little things
Above, we have listed only the basic minimum of tools, which seasoned motorists definitely expand. In the event of a breakdown or an accident, such tools may not be enough to continue driving, so the following things will come in handy for you:
Fuse set
A blown fuse can ruin your important functions vehicle, or even completely immobilize the vehicle. Purchase a set of suitable fuses of all ratings used and put it in the "glove box". Such a set costs a penny and takes up little space.
light bulbs
The same applies to light bulbs. Be sure to carry spare low beam bulbs with you. It is even better to have a complete set of lamps used in your car. It is enough to have at least one inexpensive product of each type.
Keys
Now almost none of the motorists carry a set of keys with them for all occasions. However, we recommend several sizes. First of all, pick up a key with which you can remove the terminals from the battery, as well as dismantle the battery itself for recharging or replacing. If possible, include at least one open-end wrench in the most popular sizes in the set.
Spare battery for key fob
If your car is equipped with an emergency alarm tied to the immobilizer, or a key with a separate power supply, purchase the appropriate batteries and put them in the glove compartment. They can be bought far from everywhere and not always, and the consequences in their absence can be deplorable. Ironically, the immobilizer will turn off the car's engine in the most remote place from civilization. Take care of this in advance.
Fuel canister and funnel
A small can of fuel will come in handy if there are few gas stations on your way. Of course, it must be supplemented with a suitable funnel. In the case of traveling to other countries, for example, to the European Union, this will also help save a lot (recall, no more than 10 liters are allowed for import into European countries).
Little things for repair
With a small breakage, a lot can be fixed with a simple kit: you will need a hammer, tape, soft wire, strong thin rope, two-component epoxy glue and a can of wd-40. With such tools, ingenuity and hands "from right place» you can restore the car even if serious breakdowns, and then independently continue moving to the place of repair (verified by personal experience).
Shovel, hatchet, mount
Useful for getting the car out of the mud or snow. Sufficiently durable military sapper shovel. Collapsible versions of bayonet blades are also on sale. With the help of a hatchet, you can chop branches or brushwood to put under the slipping wheels.
Personal items
Now let's turn to personal essentials.
first aid kit
A modern full-time first-aid kit can be useful to you in just one case - when checking at a technical inspection. There is nothing in it except patches, which means that it would be useful to bring it to mind. After all, life often depends on it, and you can’t get rid of plasters with bandages. Supplement the supply of medicines with an antiseptic (iodine, brilliant green, hydrogen peroxide solution), ammonia (necessary remedy in case of loss of consciousness), a hemostatic tourniquet, analgesics, as well as vital medicines constantly used by the driver or passengers - remedies for pressure, headaches, etc. It does not hurt to have valerian tincture in the first-aid kit. Be sure to take some baking soda with you - it neutralizes the effect of battery acid that accidentally gets on your skin.
Cloth
In the cold season, it is vital to have a full set of warm clothes in the car. If the car engine stops working or the stove breaks, you risk freezing in a few tens of minutes. It also does not hurt to have a set of old clothes with you, which will come in handy in case of an emergency repair, and cotton gloves - all this can be safely soiled or, if necessary, used to light a fire.
Cars modern type offer the highest level of comfort and reliability, however, anything can happen on the road. We will find out what should be in every car, regardless of its configuration, model or brand.
It is included in the list of indispensable things according to the canons introduced since 2017.
- Documentation: driver license, auto insurance, vehicle registration certificate.
- Fire extinguisher in case of a fire situation.
- First aid kit with suitable contents.
- Warning triangle.
This is an indispensable list of attributes of modern Russian motorist. You need to keep them in the car at all times. But PTS or technical certificate recommended to keep at home.
A car first aid kit is necessary first of all for the driver himself to ensure safety. When buying this accessory, you need to understand that this does not just fulfill the will of officials, but provides proper protection for yourself and passengers from unpleasant and unexpected situations. The contents of a first aid kit can save a life!
The penalty for not having a set of medicines for first aid in the car is 500 rubles. A similar punishment awaits the driver if the first-aid kit is not properly stocked. Its composition remains unchanged for 6 years in a row - a fine is issued if there are no medicines and bandages required by law inside, or the expiration date of the medicines has passed.
Since 2017, new first-aid kits have been approved. Now you do not need to keep heart, painkillers or disinfectants inside as before. This is explained by the fact that heart patients or diabetics already keep the necessary drugs with them, painkillers in inept hands lead to complications, and disinfection of wounds is not the main goal of providing first aid to the injured.
Instead of drugs, there were more dressings. Modern medicine has focused on ways to quickly stop bleeding. Indeed, according to statistics recent years the loss of blood becomes main reason death of those injured in the accident.
How should the first aid kit be equipped according to the rules today:
- hemostatic tourniquet (qty 1 piece);
- 5 cm non-sterile bandage (qty 2 pieces, length - 5 meters);
- 10 cm non-sterile bandage (qty 2 pieces, length - 5 meters);
- 14 cm non-sterile gauze bandage (qty 1 piece, length - 7 meters);
- 7 cm sterile gauze bandage (qty 2 pieces, length - 5 meters);
- 10 cm sterile bandage (qty 2 pieces, length - 5 meters);
- 14 cm sterile gauze bandage (qty 1 piece, length - 7 meters);
- dressing sterile package (qty 1 piece);
- packaging of medical wipes (qty 1 piece);
- bactericidal adhesive plaster with dimensions: 4x10 cm (2 pieces) and 1.9x7.2 cm (10 pieces);
- adhesive plaster roll 1x250 cm (qty 1 piece);
- means for cardiopulmonary resuscitation called "Mouth-Device-Mouth" (qty 1 piece);
- standard set of medical instruments: scissors, 1 pair of gloves, case.
This is a must-have first aid kit. modern car. If desired, it can be supplemented with drugs on their own initiative. Everyone decides for himself which pills and remedies will be useful to him on the road.
An important point. Do not trust ready-made first aid kits. For example, the tools in them may be of insufficient quality.
When you try to cut a dense tissue on the victim, the scissors bend, the tourniquet does not hold, as it is too thin. For this reason, for your own safety, it is recommended to carefully check and supplement the contents of the medical locker.
Due to the lack of a set in the trunk of the car necessary tools, you can get stuck on the road due to an elementary breakdown. Therefore, there are things that must be present in the cargo compartment.
The list of items that can help out a motorist in a difficult moment looks like this:
- Lift and spare.
It will be possible to change the damaged wheel in ten minutes and calmly continue the trip. Otherwise, you will have to call a tow truck or ask neighbors on the highway to take you in tow. - Pump.
Tire pressure may drop during a ride. A manual or automatic pump will inflate the wheels to standard values, and you can be calm on a long trip. - A set of essential tools.
This includes keys, a hammer, screwdrivers, pliers, etc. Here, each driver decides for himself what exactly he may need on the road. Ratchet wrench and a set of nozzles for it - the minimum set. - Tow rope.
It must be carried with you by car owners with mechanical box gears. - Brush and scraper.
Important tools for the winter season. They will help to quickly clear the car of snow while the engine is warming up.
The register of tools can be supplemented at will, and, depending on the configuration of the machine, expanded. Many active motorists, hunting and fishing enthusiasts carry a shovel, a flashlight, a cigarette lighter, a can of gasoline and other useful things in the trunk.
Often, when buying a new car, customers are interested in what should be in the car. According to experts and experienced motorists, the first thing that should be in the car, in addition to the above accessories and tools, is the instruction manual.
Depending on machine configuration standard set accessories must include a spray can of paint, fender liner, nuts, clips for door skins, etc.
The car is a convenient means of transportation. When moving, the most unforeseen situations can happen, and what is needed in the car is simply not available.
Often, the car is full of all sorts of unnecessary junk in the glove compartment or in the trunk, and the vital things are left behind the vehicle. In this case, it is better to take care of the availability of the most necessary things in the car in advance.
1. What should always be in the car and at hand, and what is sometimes vital in the first place, is first aid kit. It is especially necessary when long trips. Of course, a first aid kit is not a doctor, but with its help you can provide the first necessary aid, or simply help if necessary.
2. Emergency sign. It is better not to use it, or use it in extremely rare cases, but if an accident does occur, it will become very necessary.
There are regular and folding emergency signs. The latter are much better, as they fold up and take up little space in the car. But when buying it, you should immediately deal with its assembly, because on the road it can take a long time. And it's better to be fully armed. A light-repellent vest will also not be superfluous, just in case, let it lie in the trunk.
3. Fire extinguisher. Well, this item should definitely be present in the car. The choice should be stopped on that fire extinguisher, the main indicators of which are described in the traffic police rules. This will save time in case of inspection by the traffic control authorities.
4. Tools. These items should be in every car. No one is immune from road hooligans or simple bad luck. The main ones are a balloon and candle wrench, but it’s good if there are also pliers, screwdrivers and a set of keys.
5. Jack. It is better to choose based on the weight of the machine. With small sizes, it can be screw or combined. And here great features require a hydraulic jack.
6. Pump. This good is in every car. But if it is electric, then it is better if it is also mechanical. In case of unforeseen circumstances. Mechanical in this case will not fail.
7. Spare wheel. It is foolish not to take a spare tire with a whole set of necessary tools. And when long journeys so and more. If it for a long time not been used, it is sometimes worth checking the air pressure in it.
8. Rope for towing. According to the rules traffic it's impossible without it. Its length should be from four to six meters.
9. portable lamp. Its dimensions can be different, so it is good and more reliable if there is a small flashlight nearby.
10. Cigarette lighter wire. Necessary thing, especially for those cars that cannot boast of a new battery. In cold weather, sometimes it is simply necessary.
11. It's good to be in the car antifreeze or brake fluid . They do not require a special place, and they occupy a compact space, but the benefits of such assistants are much greater.
12. Scraper brush, rag- for caring owners of cars, and of course for cleaning windows.
You can never guess in advance what troubles await you on the road, and where it is better to lay straws so that it is softer to fall. However, some surprises can be foreseen. For example, a few of the most common things should be carried with you in the car to make your life easier and get rid of unnecessary problems.
15. Wrench for wheel nuts. A flat tire at the most inopportune moment is not the end of the world, especially if you have a spare tire. But what's the use of a spare if you don't have a wrench to take the punctured tire off and put on a new one. Of course, you can come up with a lot of crazy ways to do without a key, but none of them will work. Trust us, we've tried.
14. Shovel. No one wants to get stuck in mud or snow. Therefore, a shovel is a great tool to take with you when going out of town in both winter and summer.
13. Scotch. Adhesive tape can come to the rescue in the most different situations, it is an ideal tool for quick repairs of a wide variety of parts. Don't underestimate the power of tape!
12. Fuel canister. Running out of gas is like forgetting your keys. closed car: everyone thinks that this will not happen to him, but it happens to everyone. The fuel can will prove to be a valuable tool when you find yourself on the side of the road with empty tank. It remains to be hoped that the nearest gas station will be close.
11. Spare clothes. A car appears out of nowhere, splashes muddy puddle water on you just as you're walking to your car, and speeds on. Of course, you can get behind the wheel in this form and stain the interior, but it is better to carry a set of spare clothes with you in the car.
10. Food. It is useful to carry some non-perishable food with you. Suddenly you will be stuck in a traffic jam for a long time or get lost in an unfamiliar area, far from any diner. Choose food from long term storage that does not need to be prepared.
9. Water. A couple of bottles of water is not an extra burden on any trip. Are you thirsty, will you need to wash your hands, clean windshield or pour liquid into the radiator - you can not do without water.
8. Spare key. Don't consider yourself the most miserable loser in the world if you forgot your keys in a locked car - everyone does this at least once in their lives. But The best way to cope with this trouble - to attach a spare key with a magnet to where you can easily get it.
7. Wires-cigarette lighters. It is enough to leave the car with the headlights on - and the battery will sit down very quickly. Carry lighter cables with you at all times - they will help you both get help and give it to fellow motorists in need.
6. Pressure gauge. Replacing faulty tires is not the best cheap pleasure, so better keep an eye on the condition of the wheels and check the pressure regularly. This will not only provide you with more high level security, but also save money.
5. First aid kit. Misfortunes do not take days off, and it is better to meet them fully armed. Bandages, antibiotics and other medicines may be needed at any time. And don't forget an aspirin, in case annoying fellow travelers give you a migraine.
4. Flashlight. It's perfect necessary device in any car. And if you've ever had to change a flat tire in the middle of the night, you'll know what we mean.
3. Money. Have you ever forgotten your wallet at home? These things happen very often, and it is worth having some cash in the car in case of emergency.
2. Jack. It will help you change a blown tire and get you out of the mud. An air jack is the easiest to use, so make sure you have one in your car.
1. Spare wheel. If you have a flat tire and no spare wheel ... However, let's not talk about sad things. It seems that the spare tire is simply a must have in the car, it's just a matter of common sense, but you'd be surprised how many drivers think the fifth wheel is superfluous and end up wasting a lot of time and effort by being sidelined with a flat tire.
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