How to start a carbureted engine in winter. How to start a domestic or carbureted car in winter

12.06.2019

You will need

- 2 liter bottle with hot water, preferably boiling water
- tow rope
- 50-100 ml of gasoline from the gas tank
- wrench for 10 (tubular or open-ended)
- battery charger

Instruction

When leaving home, dial hot water in a two liter bottle. Open the hood. Pour boiling water from a bottle on intake manifold engine (on it is installed). It is required to achieve complete heating of the collector, to improve ignition fuel mixture supplied from the combustion chamber of the engine. Start the engine.

Use towing. Ask the driver of another car to take you in tow. It is advisable to keep the towing speed at 15-25 km/h. In this case, you need to turn on the ignition of the car, turn on the first or second gear and, releasing the pedal, for about 5-7 seconds, start the engine. When towing a car, do not forget to turn on the emergency.

Pre-prepare gasoline in a half-liter bottle. Open the car hood. Using a 10 wrench, remove the box cover air filter. The view opens. Add approximately 20-40 ml of gasoline directly to the carburetor air intakes. Start the engine. Repeat if necessary. After starting the engine, reinstall the airbox cover.

Before leaving the car in the cold, remove from it. Charge it at home, as written in the instruction manual. Install the battery. Start the engine. When trying to start the car with the ignition key, each activation should not exceed 5 seconds, and should be done with the clutch pedal depressed.

How to properly prepare for winter?

Much has been written and said about such a procedure, however, problems exist. Therefore, it will be useful to once again draw the attention of all those reading this article to the problems proper preparation cars to winter period its operation. This story will be especially relevant for those owners whose cars are operated daily.

The operation of a car in winter is fraught with difficulties not only in driving on slippery roads, but also storage at severe frosts. A car that has spent a cold night in the garage, even if it is not heated, is much easier to start the engine in the morning. But, unfortunately, not all owners have such an opportunity.

It is important to have time before the appearance of the first frosts, to properly prepare the car for operation. First of all, pay attention to the state battery, ignition systems, engine and gear oil. In the battery, you should check the electrolyte level in each bank and, if necessary, add distilled water to the norm.

The density of a fully charged battery is checked with a densimeter; for the central regions of the Russian Federation, it should be at least 1.27 g / cm3, and where it is very cold, you should have densimeter readings already 1.29 g / cm3.

When there are conditions for storing the battery in a warm place, you need to remove the battery from the car and bring it to a warm place for the night. This will significantly reduce its self-discharge currents in cold weather. During trips in winter, electricity consumption increases, which the generator does not have time to restore, so you need to periodically recharge it. You can also think about additional insulation engine compartment or battery.

Engine and transmission lubrication systems must be filled with oils whose characteristics allow their operation in winter conditions. For areas with frosts of more than 30 degrees below zero, it is advisable to use winter grades of lubricants; in other areas, all-weather brands can be used. The fuel in the tank must also be suitable for the operating time of the machine.

How is cold starting done?

First you need to get into the interior of the car, sometimes it can be more difficult to do than to start cold engine. You should not rush to immediately turn the starter, first try to “stir up” a sleepy battery. You don't need to shake it or do anything else with it, just turn it on high beam for a few seconds, that will be enough.

Pump the fuel pump or gas pedal into the carburetor. After that, pull the choke handle towards you and depress the clutch pedal. Only now you can turn the key in the ignition. The duration of switching on should not be more than 10 seconds, otherwise . After an unsuccessful start, you must wait a few minutes and try again. If after 3-4 attempts the launch fails, you need to try to identify the reasons for the failure.

Check the spark plugs, they may be flooded with excess fuel. With the candles turned out, turn the engine over with the starter, this will purge the engine cylinders. Screw dry candles into place and try to start power unit. Experienced drivers have a set of spare spark plugs in cold weather.

What else can be done?

You can try to revive a battery that has run down ahead of time with the help of another car. Ask its owner to drive up to your car as close as possible. For this . As a rule, one of them is red, and the second is black. The quick-release clamp of the red wire is connected first to the plus of the battery of the car that came to the rescue, then to the plus of the patient. The same action is carried out with a black wire and minus batteries.

"Donor" must work for some time to recharge the dead battery, after which you can start the engine. You can talk a lot more about how to start a VAZ 2109 and 21099 carburetor in cold weather. After reading our description, it is already possible to independently build an algorithm for starting a cold engine in frost. Prepare in time for the cold weather yourself and your car, then such problems will bypass you.

For those who are not familiar with how to start carburettor car, you must follow the advice that is given to beginners in our article.

Preparation

First of all, before starting the engine, make sure that:

handbrake in this moment included;
the clutch is off;
the shift lever must be in neutral.

After you check this, still squeeze the clutch and only then turn on the ignition. If all the manipulations were done without errors and in strict order, then three seconds after you start the starter, the engine should also turn on.

The first thing to do is start the engine. After that, pay attention to the control indicators - they should stop glowing. The next step is to turn on the starter. However, the engine must continue to run. Then the shift lever is moved to the position that you need, for example, 1 or 2. This is done with the parking brake lowered.

To comply with safety rules, the driver must look in the mirror side view located on the left. This is necessary in order to understand the situation on the road and to exclude the possibility of obstacles to start moving. If there is no interference, then you need to turn on the left turn signal and slowly release the clutch pedal. This is done at the same time as removing parking brake. Now you can press the gas pedal and hit the road.

If the outside temperature is below zero, the car may freeze. To carbureted engine could be started, should be covered in advance air damper.

At sub-zero temperatures, the starter must not be turned on for a time exceeding 10 seconds. If you make several attempts to start the car, then a break of at least one minute is made between them. This is because the battery needs to be able to recover in order to function properly.

What to do if outbreaks occur

Such a situation is not uncommon. When starting, it often happens that single flashes occur in the cylinders. The starter should then be turned off and the engine allowed to return to normal. Otherwise, the battery will simply drain.

If the engine is started, then its operation must be constantly monitored. You need to watch out for:

what is the rhythm of the engine;
what is the rotation speed crankshaft and whether it is maintained at the required level.

Use the gas pedal or choke to prevent the engine from stopping. Experienced driver usually knows from the change in engine noise when the choke needs to be moved.

To start a carbureted engine at low temperatures, you will need:

a two-liter hot water bottle;
rope for a tug;
gasoline in an amount of 100 ml;
open-end wrench for 10;
Charger.

Procedure

First of all, you need to open the hood of the car and pour boiling water from the bottle taken at home into the engine intake manifold. It is on it that the carburetor is located. This is done to ensure that the collector is fully warmed up. As a result, the level of ignition of the fuel mixture, which is supplied from the carburetor directly into the combustion chamber of the engine, will increase. Then you can start the engine.
To start the engine, use towing. The tow rope is connected to another vehicle, which must move at a speed of no more than 25 km/h. When driving, you must turn on the ignition of the car, as well as second gear and release the clutch every 5 seconds. The engine should start.
Take a bottle of gasoline and open the hood of the car. Using a 10 wrench, you need to remove the cover on the air filter box. You will see a carburetor. Pour about 40 ml of gasoline directly into the air intake of the carburetor and try to start the engine. If it doesn't work, repeat the startup procedure. When the engine starts, the box cover must be installed in its original place.
In frosty weather, you can remove the battery from the car and charge it using charger by following the operating instructions. After charging, the battery is installed in its place, and then the engine starts.

In a car service

Difficulty level: Easy

What you will need:

Working battery
Oil suitable for engine and oil filter
Correct spark plugs
Workable wires and "Trambler"
Lack of water in the tank, on the ignition wires and on the battery

1 step

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TASK: Start the engine in severe frost. We have already taken care of the replacement of candles, oil, and at least well refueled with gasoline. Let's get to the first step.
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We check that all electrical consumers are turned off. For example: stove fan, headlights, radio, air conditioning, heating rear window, seats, etc. .

2 step

The performance of a battery depends on its temperature. Cold battery you need to warm it up a bit by turning on the headlights for a short time, say, 30 seconds. The flowing current slightly heats the battery and thereby increases its electrical output. This is very useful for starting the engine. It is also advisable to turn the ignition key before turning on the power supply in the cabin, but do not start the engine immediately. With this action, you restore battery performance after overnight parking. Next time the engine will start much easier.

3 step

We are trying to start the engine. We put the gear in “neutral”, while depressing the clutch pedal (if there is a “choke” lever, then we use it too). Nothing can be done about the gearbox, so we will rotate the transmission. If the engine does not start, do not immediately try again. Keep in mind that the battery and starter need to rest, and you also run the risk of flooding the candles, after which it will only aggravate the situation.

4 step

Try again in 15-30 seconds. If you did everything right, then the engine will most likely start. Do not step on the gas pedal, as the injection system itself provides the supply required amount fuel into the cylinders. If the engine does not start again, then repeat the attempts with breaks of 30 seconds several times. If after 5-7 attempts the engine does not start, then proceed to the next step ...

5 step

Remove moisture from high voltage wires(Check if it's there). There are various sprays specifically for this purpose. And if the battery is already too discharged - ask, say, a neighbor to “light up” (recharge your battery using wires from another car). The wires, like the cable, should always be in your car for such cases, because, as a rule, the first question that your neighbor will ask when asked to “light it up” is - Are there any wires? If you have connected the wires to your battery in advance, or, in other words, have already prepared the car for the procedure, then you are unlikely to be refused. By starting the car with wires from your neighbor's car, you provide more voltage at the candles, which means better sparking and more intensive rotation of the engine. When starting from wires, you should also be aware of overloading the spark plugs and the need to at least occasionally take breaks between attempts.

6 step

If the engine does not want to start even from the wires, then the last way remains - from the rope (We attach the tow rope to the neighbor's car, and it tows you while you are trying to start the engine). Before driving off, agree in advance on the signal when your car starts (beep to a neighbor or keep in touch by phone). mobile phone, if possible) so that you are not dragged around the area when the engine of your car has already warmed up. Not sure if the car will start in first gear. It can start from the second or even from the third. So try it, because your car is easier to pull. In addition, keep your distance and make sure that the car does not skid to the sides. As soon as the engine starts, try to prevent it from stalling again with the gas pedal, and at the same time depress the clutch, put the gear in neutral. Only then signal and slow down.

7 step

Let the engine warm up. You can warm up the engine by increasing the speed with the gas pedal, since the system idle move will maintain only 800 rpm and the engine will warm up for a long time. Please note that when working on neutral gear, and even with the headlights on, the stove, the battery is practically not charging. Charging starts only while driving from the rotation of the wheels, when the engine speed exceeds 1200. When the engine has warmed up, you can already turn on the stove. Be sure to warm up the automatic transmission ( Automatic Box gearshift), because on a cold thick oil you will not go far and risk damaging the automatic transmission.

8 step

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USEFUL TIPS: How not to freeze yourself and stay on the go?
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Worse than a stalled car in a 30-degree frost in the middle of the city can only be the case when you yourself stand and freeze on the street, dealing with the engine. In this case, it is easy to get frostbite.
Always have CLEAN work gloves in the car, ideally with rubber coated fingers and palms, as they are more convenient to hold spray cans, keys, etc. They cost an average of 15 rubles and are sold at any hardware store. Despite the fact that they are thin, they will be much warmer than with bare hands. In leather or woolen gloves, you can hardly even turn the ignition key. It is better to have a few spare gloves in the glove compartment. Always keep a can of locks in your pocket and not in your car. With a dead battery, you will have to open the car with the keys, and the lock is practically never used by most drivers, since everyone uses remote opening with activators from the alarm key fob. If the key hole on the door is clogged with ice - do not spare the liquid for the locks, it will thaw, but not immediately. Therefore, do not be zealous so as not to break the key. Keep your cell phone in an inside pocket as it is not designed for extreme cold, which causes it to shut down or freeze. Before the trip, charge your mobile phone as much as possible, and if you stand on the track and it is discharged, then keep a charger from the cigarette lighter with you - the rest car battery enough to charge it if the engine still won't start.
Frozen hands or feet can be warmed up very quickly. To do this, do 5-10 intensive hands circular motions, and shake your legs in turn, also intensively. This is a very efficient way.
Avoid skin contact with moisture. In this case, the evaporation of water occurs, during which a large number of body heat. Keep spare gloves in accessible place and preferably not in the glove compartment or in the trunk, but put them in a place such as on the seat, since it is very difficult to open the glove compartment with icy fingers. Also, leave the scraper and chalk on the passenger seat the night before, as you won't have to get them out of the trunk or glove compartment with frozen hands. Do not sit in the car while it is warming up. It is better to move on the street than to sit motionless in a frozen cabin. Use the Quick Start can with care. The mixture is based on ether. Firstly, this drug causes a person to fall asleep almost instantly, and secondly, it evaporates very well and, as a result, causes a stronger cooling of the skin when it comes into contact with it.
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And, finally, always have a cable, wires and 100-200 rubles in your wallet in the car.
Perhaps it is better to leave the car and take the subway or minibus than to freeze trying to start it.
It will be when we have a “green winter”, then the car will start up ... =)))

If the engine does not start, do not immediately try again ... try again after 15-30 seconds
When you "light up" your battery, do not mix up the + and - poles when connecting the wires.
A warm engine will almost certainly start in any frost.
If possible, park your car in a garage. Even in an unheated garage, the temperature is 5-7 degrees higher than the street temperature.
To prevent the car from stalling again, start and warm up the engine a couple of times a day and once at night
Good luck on the road and easy engine start for you!

Evil frosts affect all living things and not only. Car owners know firsthand how difficult it is sometimes to start your “swallow” when sub-zero temperatures air. Numerous attempts to traditionally start even the most trouble-free engine often end in failure and complete discharge of the battery.

To eliminate such consequences, you need to know a few simple secrets and tricks on how to properly start a car in cold weather.

Why is it hard to start a car in winter?

To understand the specifics of starting a motor in a cold season, you need to understand the main reasons that complicate this process. Most often, difficulties arise due to such phenomena:

freezing of the battery;
increased viscosity lubricants;
formation of condensate in fuel systems;
wiring oxide;
coolant problems.

The chemical elements of the battery at sub-zero temperatures lose their activity. Therefore, the lower the thermometer falls, the slower all lead-acid reactions occur.

At an air temperature of -18°-20°C, the actual return is about 40% of the total resource. And the performance of a "run down" battery in severe frosts is generally reduced to a minimum. Therefore, at night it is better to bring the battery into a room with positive temperatures.

Video - how to start a frozen car ("Main Road"):

Lubricants at sub-zero temperatures noticeably increase their viscosity, which increases the resistance to rotation of the crankshaft and other mechanisms. Consequently, at the starting moment, the load on the barely “live”, frozen battery increases greatly, as a result of which it quickly sits down. Usage winter oil significantly reduce the resistance of rotating mechanisms, which will increase the performance of the starter.

Another serious problem can be the formation of condensate in the nodes of the fuel system. Water droplets contained in gasoline or diesel fuel, when frozen, create plugs that prevent the normal flow of fuel into the combustion chambers. This phenomenon can be prevented by using winter fuel and special additives to it. It is advisable to refuel only at proven gas stations.

Video - what devices help to start the car in the cold without problems:

Oxide of terminals and contacts most often occurs with frequent temperature changes. When the engine is off, the wires take on the temperature environment, and during operation vehicle heat up. This leads to oxidation and deterioration of the contact strength, which can also affect normal starting.

To prevent such a situation, it is necessary to periodically clean the terminals with a rounded file, and perform all fasteners with high quality.

Video - possible problems after a wrong start of a car in winter:

The coolant has a working temperature limit, overcoming which it can freeze. Rotation of the starter in such cases can lead to breakage of the pump blades and failure of the cooling system.

The operation of a car with such a breakdown becomes unacceptable. To avoid such consequences, specifications fluid used must comply with climatic features region.

How to start a car in cold weather

Video on how to start a car in cold weather:

You can achieve the goal as quickly as possible by adhering to a certain sequence of performing all actions.

If the battery has been outside for a long time, then before starting the engine, it is necessary to turn on all the electrical equipment of the vehicle for a few seconds (high beam, stove, alarm etc.). A sharp load on the battery will make it "wake up" and begin to interact with all its elements.

A few presses of the gas pedal should ensure the supply of fuel to the cylinders. In machines equipped with manual choke, you can partially or completely close the damper by pulling the handle towards you.

You need to start the car in neutral gear with the clutch depressed. This will save energy for turning the shafts and gears of the gearbox.

All attempts to start the engine should be short (3-5 seconds) with half-minute breaks. Long rotation of the starter can quickly discharge the battery, flood, etc.

Upon reaching the goal, the engine should be warmed up at medium speed. Release the clutch pedal smoothly after 15-20 seconds.

Proper diesel start

The main problem with diesel engines is fuel freezing. Adding kerosene to the fuel at the rate of 1: 5 will solve this issue. And make it easier to launch diesel engine You can follow the following algorithm of actions:

Setting the key to the penultimate position is necessary to warm up the glow plugs. Performing this procedure three to four times will “wake up” the battery.

The choke (if any) should be fully set to "minimum".

After depressing the clutch, you can start turning the starter. The duration of its rotation for a diesel engine is approximately 10 seconds. And in cases where the car shows signs of "life" it is best to turn the starter to the bitter end.

It is necessary to ensure the supply of fuel by smooth pressing the gas pedal. It is important not to overdo it here, since cold diesel fuel is poorly sprayed and can flow into the combustion chamber in a jet, which is very undesirable.

If the engine starts, it should be warmed up at 1500 rpm. Keep the clutch pedal depressed for about half a minute. If you release it immediately, then there is a risk of stalling.

Launch video diesel engine in frost:

Current consumption at starting torque diesel unit one and a half - two times higher than that of a carburetor, so you can start it only if the battery is well charged.

Features of injection engines

It is necessary to start such cars in the same way as carburetor ones. Distinctive feature is that the injector initially requires three ignition on / off. This procedure will allow the fuel pump to fill as much as possible. fuel line. In this case, the gas pedal should be operated very moderately.

Video - how to start a car in severe frost:

If the car flatly refuses to start, then with the help of a medical syringe you need to inject one cube of ether into the rubber band of the air pipe. It is necessary to pierce a hole as close as possible to the throttle assembly.

Important! This method should be resorted to only in cases of emergency, since an overdose of ether is fraught with serious damage.

How to start a car with automatic transmission

The main factor influencing the technology of starting an engine at sub-zero temperatures is not the type of gearbox, but the type of fuel consumed. Starting cars equipped with automatic transmission must be guided by the rules suitable for a particular type of engine (carburetor, diesel or injector).

The only feature of cars with automatic transmission is that they do not have a clutch pedal, so you do not need to squeeze anything extra. In addition, in cases of unsuccessful attempts, you can try to start a vehicle with a manual transmission from a pusher. Cars do not lend themselves to this method.

What to do if the battery is dead

If the battery charge was not enough to rotate the flywheel, you can try to start the car by towing or using the crank, or you can use the battery energy of a nearby vehicle - “” (you will need special starting wires).

If there is no urgent need to leave, you can try:

The battery must be brought into a warm room and allowed to “thaw”. It is highly undesirable to use heating devices (hair dryers, heaters, etc.) to speed up the process.

After acclimatization, the battery must be unscrewed top covers jars and check the presence of electrolyte in them. If its level is low, then it is necessary to add distilled water to the jars. Using an aerometer and other devices, check and correct the density of the electrolyte.

Let the battery charge for several hours.

Attention! When servicing the battery, a set of safety measures must be strictly observed, and all procedures must be carried out in a certain sequence.

A number of preventive actions and timely Maintenance car will help to simplify the start of the engine when the thermometer is negative.

or spark plugs
replacement of filters of fuel and oil systems;
cleaning the contacts of the ignition system;
drain;
check the level and condition of the coolant;
close the curtains.

Important! Warming up the engine and fuel system components using open sources of fire is unsafe. You should also not pour boiling water over the motor, since in severe frost the metal may burst, and microcracks may form in the block. Only water at room temperature should be used for heating.