On VAZ 2110 and 2114 cars, an electronic speed sensor is used, which has come to replace a mechanical system consisting of. From the article you will learn how different models of sensors work and how they differ, where they are located and how to replace them.
How an electronic sensor works
Until 2006, a speed sensor was installed on cars, which worked in conjunction with the drive. The drive gear was turned by the drive gear of the main pair. Therefore, such a sensor could be installed on cars with a mechanical speedometer, for this it was necessary to install a new speed indicator, which did not work from a rotating cable, but from sensor pulses. The sensor is based on the Hall effect - the electromotive force (EMF) in the inductor changes when metal passes through it. Since 2006, they began to install a new model of the sensor, which did not need a drive, because it works with a benchmark (metal pin) mounted on the drive gear of the gearbox.
Where is the speed sensor located on the VAZ
On all VAZ 2108-2115 cars, the sensor is located in the gearbox housing (gearbox) behind the right edge of the engine. On 8-valve engines, it is most convenient to get to the sensor from the battery side. On the 16-valve, the sensor is also located, therefore, they get to it in the same way.
Replacing the speed sensor on cars manufactured before and after 2006
Checking the sensor is described in detail in the article about. First of all, you need to disconnect the negative terminal from the battery. Then disconnect the wiring plug from the electronic speed sensor. To do this, press the wire lock with your fingers (on some models of sensors, the lock is plastic) and pull the plug up.
On 16-valve engines, the two brackets on top of the plug must be compressed. After that, you need to unscrew the speed sensor. To do this, on most cars, the effort of the fingers is sufficient. If it doesn’t work with your fingers, you will have to unscrew it with a 21 wrench. After that, if necessary, with a 10 wrench, unscrew one bolt securing the sensor drive and pull it out of the gearbox. Install a new sensor or actuator in the reverse order.
For those released after 2006
On cars manufactured after 2006, there is no mechanical drive from the gear of the gearbox, which is why they use a different method of attaching the sensor. The sensor itself is installed in the same place. First of all, disconnect the negative terminal from the battery. After that, the clamps of the air pipe, which goes from the filter to the throttle valve, are unscrewed. If you do not remove the pipe, then it is very difficult to get close to the sensor. Then disconnect the plug from the sensor by squeezing the wire or plastic retainer. The wires are removed to the side and with a 10 key (it is more convenient to do this operation with a ratchet with a small extension cord), the sensor mounting bolt is unscrewed. After that, the sensor is pulled out of the gearbox. Installation is carried out in reverse order.
Sensors that were installed before and after 2006 are not interchangeable. Therefore, when buying, do not confuse them.
In any car there is a speed control system that allows the driver to always know in what speed mode he is moving. One of the main elements of such a system is a speed sensor (DS) on a VAZ 2110 car. You can learn more about this device, its purpose, malfunctions, and diagnostics from the video below.
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The purpose of the speed sensor in the car
The VAZ 2110 speed sensor is responsible for the correct supply of gasoline. It also allows you to set the ignition timing, in addition, the device monitors the quality of the air-fuel mixture.
The regulator collects all the necessary information for the injector - the number of engine revolutions, driving speed, detonation data, etc. - after which it transmits impulses to the computer. After the transmission, the control unit checks all the information received, as a result of which it makes changes to the functioning of the injector.
Symptoms
In the event that the odometer stops working normally, while the speedometer gives incorrect information regarding the distance traveled and speed, this indicates a malfunction. This may be a problem with both the VAZ 2110 speed sensor and the device drive. It is not excluded such an option that the problems are associated with electrical wiring. Also in practice, problems often occur caused by the pinout of the speed sensor, which can be confused or the inoperability of the connector itself. In the latter case, the problem may be due to poor contacts.
Among other things, a sign of a regulator malfunction may be that the car stalls at idle. Of course, there can be many reasons why a car stalls. In the event that the speedometer located on the instrument panel gives incorrect data, the Check Engine indicator should be lit on the dashboard. If the DS fails, you will immediately pay attention to the burning check on the dashboard.
Diagnosis of DS on the VAZ 2110
How to check the speed sensor on the VAZ 2110 on your own? First of all, for this it is necessary to know where the DS should be located, after which its drive is diagnosed. In accordance with the connection diagram, on the tenth VAZ models, the regulator is located in the engine compartment, not far from the exhaust manifold. As practice shows, connection wires can rub against a heated collector, as a result of which they melt.
The result is a short circuit. Typically, this problem can be solved by insulating the wires and fixing them so that they do not come into contact with the collector. Another diagnostic option would be to check for a broken cable. This reason is one of the most probable. If the cable is in order and no damage was found during the process, then the problem lies in the controller itself or its drive.
Preparing for a replacement
In order for the procedure for replacing the controller on the tenth VAZ model to go correctly, and the expected result to be obtained, namely, the normal functioning of the speedometer, this process should be properly prepared.
Firstly, on the VAZ 2110, replacing a DS involves the purchase of a new controller. When purchasing a new regulator, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that each connector located in the block design has certain designations. It should have the symbols "-", "A" and "+", not numbers. In principle, in this case there is not much difference between these options, then when you connect the connector, you will have fewer problems with the pinout. If you have never experienced a similar process, this pinout will allow you to finish it correctly.
Another, no less important nuance. You need to buy a device that is equipped with a metal rod. This rod will allow you to serve at least six months, which cannot be said about regulators with plastic rods. In addition, when buying, it is imperative to check whether the stem rotates or not. It must not rotate, there must be no play on this element, and it must also be equipped with a washer.
Do-it-yourself repair and replacement
If you decide to change the device yourself, please refer to the removal and replacement procedure.
Dismantling the controller is as follows:
- First you need to de-energize the vehicle's on-board network, to do this, disconnect the negative cable from the battery.
- Next, disconnect the wiring connector from the controller itself. At this stage, it is important to remember what pinout these elements have.
- The controller itself can be unscrewed by hand. If you can’t do it on your own, try using a 21 or 22 wrench. In this case, the regulator may have certain differences in design.
- Also immediately check how well the drive is functioning. After the regulator is dismantled, it is necessary to unscrew the nut that fixes the drive to the gearbox. The dismantling procedure must be done very carefully, because if you accidentally drop the stem into the transmission, the box will need to be removed and disassembled. As for the new drive, it is equipped with a rubber seal. Before installation, it must be lubricated with transmission fluid. Below is a video that will allow you to more clearly understand the procedure for replacing the controller (the author of the video is Auto News).
All new components must be installed in reverse order. Again, in this case, the pinout of the wiring plays a big role. Inside the block itself, you can see how the pinout is indicated. Using a tester with the ignition on, it is necessary to determine which of the connectors the drive should be connected to.
In the event that the multimeter shows “-”, and this drive was connected to the positive connector, this indicates that it is necessary to reverse the polarity. Next, the drive is diagnosed, and you should also check the operation of the speedometer while driving or with the front of the vehicle raised (so that the wheels are on weight).
If you doubt that you can perform the entire procedure yourself and change the controller correctly, then we advise you to seek help from specialists. In principle, this process is not particularly complicated, so the cost of the replacement service will not be particularly high. For installation, it is better to use a higher-quality regulator so that in the future you will not face the need to repair and replace it.
Speed sensor failures are manifested by false data from the speedometer, and the Check Engine lights up on the instrument panel. If so, then the reason is in the speed sensor.
To identify a malfunction, you first need to know where the speed sensor is located in the VAZ-2110, and after detection, you need to check its drive. It is located under the hood, in the engine compartment, next to the exhaust manifold, on which the wires rub. IN 
In most cases, it is enough to insulate the wires and place them so that they do not have contacts with the collector. Also, do not forget about the breakage of the cable, because this is also a possible cause of failure. If you did not see any problems on it, then the problem is in the sensor or in its drive.
In order for the replacement of the VAZ-2110 speed sensor to be successful, you must first restore the speedometer to working order. A little advice: when buying a sensor, it is advisable to choose with the designations "-", "A", "+", and not as usual - 1, 2, 3. Although this does not play an important role, it will help to pinout faster.
The second important point is the choice of a device on a metal rod, because it will last much longer than its plastic counterpart. Do not forget to check the rotation of the rod, whether there is any play in it, whether they forgot to put the washer.
- We turn off the current on the car by removing the connector from the battery.
- We disconnect the wire connector from the sensor, remembering the pinout.
- We unscrew the sensor manually, if unsuccessfully, then we use the key for 21 or 22 (depending on the design).
- We look at the state of the drive. After removing the sensor, it is necessary to disconnect the nut with which the actuator is attached to the gearbox. The new drive has a rubber nozzle that needs to be lubricated with gear oil.
We install new devices by doing everything in the reverse order. After installation, it is necessary to check the polarity of the wires with a multimeter. If the "+" contact is connected to "-", then they must be swapped. To do this, it is advisable to choose the block that we recommended. But if there was none, then we observe the following sequence: 1 - "+", 2 - signal output, 3 - "-".
Any car that exists in the world is necessarily equipped with a special system designed to measure the speed of the vehicle and transfer this information to the computer. Carburetor vehicles use a cable (mechanical) speedometer system, as a result of which a speed sensor is not required here. Therefore, on the VAZ 2110, 2111 and 2112, it is mounted only on injection cars - this system is electronic and is responsible for controlling the operation of the power unit. Replacing the speed sensor is a rather laborious undertaking, but not at all difficult. More on this later in the article.
The purpose of this device is to “set” the ignition timing, control the quality of the fuel mixture and the correct fuel supply. The sensor collects a lot of information for the injection engine, such as engine speed, knock level, speed, and so on, and transmits digital signals to the electronic unit. In turn, this data is checked here and appropriate adjustments are made to the operation of the injector. As a rule, the speed sensor is located under the hood, in the engine compartment, near the exhaust manifold.
Signs of a speed sensor malfunction
If the odometer suddenly refuses to work, and the speedometer “lies” about mileage and speed, or works in jerks, this indicates incorrect operation of the speed sensor or its drive. There may also be malfunctions in the electrical circuit, the pinout is confused, the connector fails, and so on. In addition, the fact that the vehicle stalls at idle can also indicate a malfunction of the speed sensor, but there can be many other reasons for this. Of course, if the speedometer gives deliberately false readings, and the “CHECK ENGINE” lamp is on on the instrument panel, then the reason is a failed speed sensor.
Speed sensor diagnostics
The first way to diagnose the speed sensor:
The second way to diagnose the speed sensor:
Please note that these verification methods are only suitable for speed sensors that use the Hall effect in their work.
Sensor controller, how to purchase a new controller, what you need to pay attention to when buying
When choosing a new speed sensor, pay attention to the following points: it is desirable that the connectors inside the block have the designations - “-”, “A”, “+”, instead of the standard “1, “2”, “3”. In fact, this is not of fundamental importance, but the pinout in this case will be carried out faster and, most importantly, correctly.
Another important point is to give preference to a device with a metal stem, since it will last more than six months, “released” to a plastic one. Be sure to check whether the stem is equipped with a washer, how it rotates and whether it has any play.
Tools, devices and consumables
- Keys on "21" and "22".
- Transmission oil.
- New controller.
Preparatory work, how to get to the controller and replace it with a new one
Wiring pinout, what to pay special attention to using a multimeter
Pay attention to the pinout inside the block. With the ignition on, use a multimeter to determine which connector which wire is connected to. If you connected the wire to the “plus” connector, and the multimeter shows “minus”, then you should urgently change the polarity. Therefore, it is advisable to take a block with the appropriate designations. But if this did not turn out, you can take the usual one. In this case, the pinout is as follows - 1 is "+", 2 is "signal output", and 3 is "-".
At the last stage, do not forget to check the drive, as well as the operation of the vehicle as a whole with the wheels suspended or while the vehicle is moving.
- a measuring device, the main functional purpose of which is to determine the frequency of revolutions of the crankshaft and transmit information about it to the electronic on-board control VAZ 2114.
From this article, you will learn the principle of operation of the speed sensor, the methodology for checking its performance and the technology for replacing the sensor with your own hands, which will allow you to significantly save on service stations in the future.
OPERATING PRINCIPLE OF DS AND FEATURES OF OPERATION
The fourteenth VAZ is a modern car equipped with an electronic type speedometer. The principle of operation of an electronic speedometer, unlike mechanically driven speedometers installed on the VAZ classics of the old years, is based on determining the current vehicle speed based on the frequency of the received DS pulse signals.
In a simple way, a pulsed one generates 6000 signal pulses for every kilometer of the distance traveled by the machine (6 pulses for one complete revolution of the crankshaft). Accordingly, the number of pulses transmitted by the sensor to the ECU in one second depends on how fast the car is moving. Receiving a pulse signal, the brains of the car calculate the frequency of its arrival and, based on it, calculate the current speed.
Based on the data obtained, the electronics not only determines the speed of movement of the fourteenth, but also regulates the operation of the engine in idle mode and the frequency of air supply bypassing the throttle.
The cost of a new DS for the fourteenth is about 300-400 rubles, the part marking is 2111-3843010. When choosing a new device, give preference to designs with a metal stem. The stem is generally the most wear-prone part of the DS, but some manufacturers manage to make it out of plastic (such DSs rarely live longer than 6 months).
A failed VAZ 2114 speedometer sensor is determined extremely simply - in this case, the speedometer stops working, it can also show signs of life, but at the same time show incorrect information.
There may also be problems when the engine is idling - if the engine stalls when the car is coasting, the cause is most likely in the DS.
The main reason for the failure of the DS is an open circuit of contacts, due to which the frequency of generating a pulse signal changes, which the controller is not able to recognize.
DC OPERATIONAL CHECK
Checking the DS is necessary if typical ones are found. check in several ways, including without removing the device from the car. To do this, you will need a multimeter and a regular 12 V light bulb.
A multimeter is a device for testing electrical networks and devices that consume electricity. For car diagnostics, this is an indispensable thing, so it makes sense to buy it in the garage, since it is not expensive (about 400-600 rubles).
Speeds - method number 1 (with the removal of the DS):
When the probe rod rotates, the tester should show bursts of alternating voltage. The faster the rotation speed, the greater the voltage spikes should be. If this does not happen, the device is faulty.
The second method allows you to check the sensor without removing it from the car, however, to implement it, you will need to drive the fourteenth into a viewing hole.
Method number 2:
- We drive the fourteenth into the pit and jack it up in the region of the left front wheel;
- We find the DS and wires to it;
- We connect the electrodes of the multimeter to the signal supply to the computer (central and extreme right contacts);
- We rotate the tester wheel in the air for the appearance of voltage surges.
If for some reason you cannot check with a multimeter, you can use a regular 12 V light bulb.
- The car is in the pit, the front is raised on a jack;
- We connect the wires of the light bulb to the left (power) and central (signal supply) contacts of the sensor;
- We begin to rotate the wheel - if the light is flashing, then the DS is operational.
REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT
If the check showed that the DS is faulty, you need to replace it. and similar small electronic devices are a thankless task. In garage conditions, this is unlikely to be done, the only thing that can be done is to clean the contacts from oxidation.
For this, VD-40 or any solvent (the same alcohol) is perfect, wipe the contacts on the block with a cotton swab, if the problem was oxidation, the DS will start working.
If this does not help, it is most rational to purchase and install a new device - it is not expensive (the cost of a new DC is about 300-400 rubles) and it takes no more than 10 minutes to replace it.
To remove and connect the DS, you will need a key for 21 and a technical rag to wipe the seat from oil and dust accumulated on it.
First, let's figure out where the speed sensor is located on the VAZ 2114. You can see it on the gearbox housing, near the dipstick for checking the amount of oil in the crankcase. If you drive the car into a pit, it will be much easier to remove the DS, since access to it from above is limited to the air filter pipe and absorber, which will also have to be dismantled to replace the DS.
The removal of the DS is carried out in the following sequence:
- We drive the fourteenth into the pit;
- We remove power from the battery (for better lighting, leave the hood open);
- We climb into the inspection hole and find the DS, clean the dirt accumulated on it with a rag;
- Disconnect the contact block (the block is jammed with a spring lock, there is a button on the block to disconnect it);
- With the 21st key, we unscrew the DS from the seat;
Now about how to properly connect a new DC. It is important here that the rod of the device correctly enters the fixing sleeve, otherwise rotation will not be transmitted to the sensor.
There is no science here - if the DS sat in the landing nest the first time, then everything is in its place, if something does not allow it to advance, then the rod did not hit the bushing.
Tighten the threaded connection of the new DS carefully so as not to damage the plastic case of the device.
That's all. Note that the replacement of the DS on cars 2113 is carried out in a similar way.
