Ferrari is an Italian company specializing in the production of racing and luxury cars. Since 1989 is subsidiary FIAT concern. The headquarters is in Maranello.
Company ( original name It was Auto Avio Costruzioni) was founded in 1939 by the famous racing driver and test car "Alfa Romeo" Enzo Ferrari. She originally produced various equipment for cars. The cars made by the company were produced under the Alfa Romeo brand. Ferrari had an agreement with this company. The first car bearing the actual name "Ferrari" appeared in 1946. It was the Ferrari 125 model, with a powerful 12-cylinder aluminum engine, designed to realize the dream of its creator: to give an ordinary road car racing properties without sacrificing comfort. As a trademark of Enzo Ferrari, he chose a galloping stallion on a yellow background.
By the end of 1947, there were already two modifications of the Ferrari engine, and its displacement increased from the 166 model to 1995 cm3. The following year, Ferrari's own team won the Mille Miglia and Targa Florio races for the first time. 1949 brought the team a new triumph in the same competitions, and a little later a victory in the 24 Hours of Le Mans race.
In 1951, the landmark 340 America appears with an engine originally developed for the Ferrari GT with a displacement of 4.1 liters. In 1953, the same car is equipped with a 4.5-liter engine and receives a new name - 375 America. In the same year, Ferrari introduces the 250 Europa, with a three-liter engine.
In total, by the beginning of 1954, Enzo Ferrari produced about 200 of his cars in an exclusive road version and 250 racing models. Creating their road cars, Ferrari turned to different design companies, making their models different from each other. But the 1954 250 GT marked the beginning of a long and fruitful collaboration with the Pininfarina company, which perfectly adjusted its bodies to the new short-wheelbase chassis, in which the rear axle was suspended on springs.
Already the 250 GT model was released not only as a coupe, but also as a convertible, and the custom-made 250GT California, which appeared in 1959, is a striking example of an open sports-type 250 GT model. In 1958, Pininfarina created specially angular bodies for the 250 GT: these cars, equipped with a 12-cylinder engine, even outwardly gave the impression of enormous power, perfectly obedient to any desires of their owners.
The 375 America and its successor in 1956, the 410 Super America (of which only 14 were produced) were intended for " the mighty of the world this": their design evoked a sense of strength and self-confidence.
From 1957 to 1962, a modified Ferrari 250 GT California was produced with a predatory pointed profile and a removable roof. This car won its first victory in the 1960 Tourist Trophy at Goodwood Circuit.
Ferrari owns the most memorable cars of the 60s of this century: the 250GT in 1960 was transformed into a fastback 250GTE with a 2 + 2 body, elegant and popular, from which the 330GT 2 + 2 was created in 1964 with a four-liter engine and original "squinting" headlights. The feminine, elegant, impetuous Berlinetta Lusso of 1962, which develops speeds of over 225 km / h, remained unsurpassed. The 330GT "2 + 2" was replaced in 1967 by the 365GT "2 + 2" with a self-balancing rear suspension and power steering. In 1971, it was replaced by the stricter zeitgeist 365GT4.
In 1966, the firm developed a new V-twin engine, originating from racing engines: 12-cylinder, four-cam, with two camshafts in each cylinder head, a dry sump lubrication system, providing high torque and flexibility, which had a power of 300 hp. With.
In 1968, Ferrari released the legendary Daytona, or 365GTB/4, with a front-mounted 4.4-liter V-12 engine producing 352 hp and reaching super speeds of 282 km/h. This model, outwardly restrained and functional, is the fastest car in the world and, of course, its advertising assessment as “the best in the world” is not so far from the truth.
In the early 1970s, the "Dino" model appeared, named after the deceased son of the Commendatore, with a centrally located FIAT-made V-shaped 6-cylinder engine; the model was also produced in an 8-cylinder version, but the 6-cylinder model is considered a classic. At one time "Dino" was actually a separate brand. The car "Dino-206GТ" has been produced since 1967 with a V6 engine (1987 cm3 180 hp at 8000 rpm; since 1969 - "246 GT" -2418 cm3, 195 hp at 7600 rpm) . Exactly the same, non-traditional for "Ferrari" motors were on the sports "Fiat Dino".
The 365GT4, or Berlinetta Boxer, from 1971 had many features racing cars“Ferrari: its 4.4 liter engine could reach speeds of 275 km/h; it was located horizontally in the middle of the body, and the gearbox for more rational use of the internal volume of the body was located under the engine. The chassis also used the experience of racing cars: a spatial tubular frame and steel body panels. Based on the Ferrari 308GT4, elegant models with Pininfarina bodies were made; equipped with V-shaped 8-cylinder engines, they attracted the attention of buyers until the early 80s.
By installing a horizontal 12-cylinder Boxer engine racing model 512BB at Testarossa, the company has created a massive heavy machine to meet the most demanding requirements of both racing athletes and celebrity customers. The bright catchy design of Pininfarin carried the quintessence of an advertising spirit, and its creator achieved not only an external effect: ribbed side air inlets, which found many imitators, served to supply air to the side radiators, which replaced front radiator 512BB. The technical performance of the model was also impeccable: the five-liter Testarossa engine, with four valves per cylinder, reached a power of 390 hp and a top speed of 274 km/h.
In 1987, the founder of the company, Enzo Ferrari himself, led the team of designers who prepared the F40 model, designated as "the sum of the efforts of the company over the years of its existence." The F40 traces its roots back to the 1984 GTO and, at first glance, has much in common with the Ferrari 308GTB, but has significant technical innovations: turbocharging, a V-shaped 8-cylinder longitudinal (rather than transverse) engine mounted on tubular frame, reinforced with Kevlar load-bearing panels, super power 478 hp. - everything suggests that only the configuration remained the same. The body of this supermodel is made of carbon fiber and Kevlar, and its cramped cabin fully meets the sporting essence of the car: it does not even have a mechanism for adjusting the seats. Striking specifications and no comfort is the motto of the 1118-kilogram Ferrari F40: rigid suspension did not absorb road bumps, the steering responded to every pothole, and the magnificent motor showed endless power. Demanding, uncontrollably energetic and attractive - this was the last brainchild of the founder of the company.
Cars of the Ferrari company, controlled by FIAT since 1969, and finally ceded to the corporation since 1989, have a reputation as the most expensive in the world. Each of them is a legend.
In the autumn of 1992, the high-performance rear-wheel-drive sports coupe of the classic 456 GT/GTA layout was released in Paris. Designed by Pininfarina. GTA - March 1996 (Geneva). ASR, upgraded body, suspension and interior (4 seats) - March 1998, Geneva.
May 1994 saw the release of the F355, the sports car successor to the 348 GTB/GTS. The cheapest and most popular model of the company. Designed by Pininfarina. In the spring of 1995, Spider appeared - a convertible. Berlinetta - coupe, GTS - coupe with removable hardtop, F1 - race car type transmission control. End of Berlinetta/Targa production - summer 1997.
The 550 Maranello successor to the Testarossa/512 is based on the 456GT. Designed by Pininfarina. Debut - July 20, 1996.
The 360 Modena is the successor to the F355 Berlinetta. Designed by Pininfarina. The premiere took place in March 1999 in Geneva. Start of sales - summer 1999.
At the Paris Motor Show in September 2003, Italian company Ferrari plans to show the most powerful production car in Europe. This is about special model Enzo Ferrari. The appearance of a special model in honor of the famous designer is intended to remind the automotive world of the advanced design school of Ferrari, which is convincingly confirmed by outstanding success in Formula 1. The two-seater sports car will be equipped with a 6-liter 12-cylinder engine with 650 hp. With. The acceleration time to 100 km / h is only 3.5 seconds, and the car can overcome one kilometer in 19 seconds. Max speed"Enzo Ferrari" - over 350 km / h. The design of the car was developed by the famous Pininfarina bodywork studio. The Enzo Ferrari model bears the features of Formula 1 cars - a streamlined body and a narrow cabin. Doors open up. All essential functions controls, including gear shifting, are placed on the steering wheel. The car is equipped with a 6-speed gearbox, gear changes are carried out using special keys on the steering wheel. It is assumed that only 349 Enzo Ferraris will be produced. The firm will offer them to its most loyal and well-known clients, of course, by prior request. The price of the car will be at least 500 thousand euros. Web site: Representation in Russia:
Ferrari, once out of the wing Alfa Romeo has a long and rich history. The founder of the company, Enzo Ferrari, can be safely considered a true legend of the automotive industry, because he has repeatedly influenced the industry, albeit sometimes in a very unexpected way.
1. Huge thanks to Alfa Romeo
Back in 1929, Enzo Ferrari created the Scuderia Ferrari racing team. A few years later, in 1933, the Alfa Romeo team faced serious financial difficulties. Then, the company transferred the racing "duties" to Scuderia Ferrari, which performed mainly on Alfa Romeo cars. In 1938, when the Ferrari team gained unprecedented popularity (largely thanks to Alfa Romeo), there was a decision to merge the garages. However, in 1939 Enzo riders began to compete separately.
2. Prancing horse
The Ferrari logo, a prancing black horse on a yellow shield, appeared in 1932. It was created by designer Francesco Baracca. Presumably, the logo was invented back in 1929, but was not used on cars, as the Ferrari team racers drove Alfa Romeo cars. There is also a legend that the image with a shield and a horse was on Francesco's military plane when he was a combat pilot during the First World War.
3. Because red
Ever wondered why every iconic car brand has its own distinctive color? It's all about the nationality of the racing teams. At the beginning of the 20th century, the color green was assigned to Great Britain, blue to France, silver to Germany, and red to Italy. racing cars The Alfa Romeos that the Ferrari team later drove were red. That's how the color got attached.
4. Great dreamer
Enzo Ferrari was a man of genius, and not only in the field of car building. It's hard to believe, but he owns a huge number of all kinds of erroneous theories regarding cars, design and racers. These "theories" once quarreled Enzo with many prominent figures in the racing world and the automotive industry. So, for example, Ferrari argued that "aerodynamics" is needed only for those who do not know how to make engines.
5. "Friendly" hand
Enzo Ferrari was not always the most polite and diplomatic person, especially when it came to his favorite cars. In the early 60s, Enzo visited Ferruccio Lamborghini on a number of business issues related to the production of tractors. Back then, Lamborghini was doing just that. Enzo Ferrari did not greet the guest in the best way, saying that he was much more concerned about cars than tractors. The guest, in turn, was so offended that very soon Lamborghini opened their line of sports cars.
6. And you, GT40
The rudeness of Enzo Ferrari helped not only Ferruccio Lamborghini. In 1963 representatives American Ford wanted to buy the racing division of Ferrari. At the very last moment, Enzo backed out of the deal. As a result of this unexpected break in relations, the company had to release the Ford GT40, which later became a real legend in the racing world.
7. The most expensive
The most expensive car of the company is the Ferrari 250 GTO, created back in 1963. For all time, 39 such machines were created. The cost of such a car was $ 8 million, largely due to the first-class filling at that time. In 2013, one such car was sold at auction for $52 million.
8. Racers are our everything
Ferrari has never been shy about spending money on drivers. Many eminent personalities performed under the emblem of the manufacturer. Michael Jordan, Tiger Woods and Floyd Mayweather are far from full list these athletes. Michael Schumacher performed under the banner of Ferrari from 2000-2004.
9. First Thoroughbred
First completely unique car Ferrari was created only in 1940 and was called Avio Construzioni 815. Unfortunately, the car was written off before it could become popular. It was then that the Second World War flared up in the world, and expensive sports cars were of the least interest to the Italian leadership.
10. Less is more
It is Ferrari that is considered one of the first automakers to abandon mass production. individual models its products. Such a simple marketing policy allows Ferrari to maintain interest, demand and prices for its highest quality cars.
Especially for lovers of expensive cars, we have collected. Now you know everything about luxury cars.
We have already told the stories behind the creation of such famous Italian
car manufacturers like Lamborghini, Maserati and Pagani. But
our story about the masters from the Apennine Peninsula would not be complete
tell us about, perhaps, the most famous and eminent Italian brand from
Maranello.
Ferrari is not just a brand of one of the most
expensive cars, this is a world legend, the embodiment of the dream of any
car enthusiast. I am more than sure that there is hardly one in the world
a person who would not have heard of Ferrari cars. Story
of this illustrious automotive brand is no less amazing than
Ferrari models.
Its creator, Enzo Ferrari (Enzo Ferrari) was born on 18
February 1898 in the family of a non-poor "metal worker" in the city of
Modena. The workshop was on the first floor, and the family lived on the second,
hammers from morning to evening was the backdrop of his childhood.
Enzo's life was eventful. leaving early
without a father, he was forced to leave school and start working in order to
help the family. After the First World War, where he even happened to
fight, since 1919, the future founder of the world brand participated in
car racing as a driver for the Alfa Romeo team.
In 1929, not very rich and not very lucky
racing driver Enzo Ferrari, the highest point in his sports career was
2nd in Targa Florio, founded his own racing team Scuderia
Ferrari. For a few more years, before the birth of his son, Enzo continued to race
himself, and from 1932 he concentrated all his efforts on leading the team.
His dream was not just to create a team, he wanted to see his
Scuderia national team, in which the best riders in Italy could
to win on the best Italian cars - Ferrari cars.
Ferrari devoted his whole life to achieving this goal.
Much of Scuderia Ferrari's pre-war success
associated with the name of the great Tazio Nuvolari - the only racer, o
which the stern Commendatore always spoke with admiration. Is it true,
won Nuvolari not at all on a Ferrari, but on an Alfa Romeo, since before
1940, the team, in fact, was the sports department of the Alfa plant
Romeo.
In 1938, Enzo Ferrari takes over
responsibility for driving Alfa Corse, while Alfa Romeo allows
he has been working for about two years to create his own company Auto
Avio Costruzioni Ferrari. Despite this agreement, Alfa Romeo
implies that he was not allowed to build cars under
own name. Auto Avio Costruzioni has created a "spider 815" that
participated in the Mille Miglia in 1940.
By the way, Enzo Ferrari was not a designer.
Evil tongues even said that Commendatore even a high school
graduated with difficulty. Perhaps it was. One thing is certain - life
he devoted his entire life to automobiles. Already in those years, Enzo Ferrari
distinguished by the ability, relying on the best specialists of his time
create amazing cars who were piloted by the great
riders: Luigi Fagioli, Luis Chiron, Tazio Nuvolari.
While still a race car driver, Enzo Ferrari met his parents
famous Italian ace pilot Francesco Baracca, which allow
him to use the "Primping Horse" that Baracca depicted on his
aircraft, as an emblem-mascot. Ferrari put her on yellow
background, the color of his hometown of Modena, thus creating an emblem with
for which Ferrari became world famous.
The outbreak of a new world war put an end to all
sports activities, but this did not prevent the development of a young company and
in 1943 she moved to Maranello. During the war, Enzo Ferrari's firm
produced machine tools and small aircraft engines. But once the situation
changed for the better, the company returned to production again
sports cars. And already in 1946 the first car was born
Ferrari, the "sport 125", which after entering the world of racing for
won the Gran Premio in Rome in less than two weeks. Ferrari 125 model,
with a powerful 12-cylinder aluminum engine, designed to embody in
life is the dream of its creator: to give an ordinary road car
racing properties without sacrificing comfort.
Ferrari 125
By the end of 1947, there were already two modifications
Ferrari engine, and its working volume increased in the 166 model to 1995 cm3.
Continuing to build up power, Enzo simultaneously won prizes in
one race after another. And already under by Ferrari in 1947 were taken
prizes in the Mille Miglia and Targa Florio races. But true triumph awaited
Ferrari in 1949 when Le Mans was conquered.
We must not forget that the main engine of the world
famous brand was not advertising, as the famous saying says,
and sports activities of the company. Race victories Scuderia Ferrari
numerous: directly under the leadership of Enzo Ferrari there were
over 5000 competitions won! Including 25 global wins
values. But among them, the ninefold
championship at Le Mans.
In addition, Ferrari is the only manufacturer
cars, the brainchild of which took part in all F1 World races
Championships since their formation in 1950. Debuting at the Grand Prix
Monaco in 1950, two years later, thanks to the efforts of Alberto
Askari, Scuderia won the first championship, and a year later Askari
confirms his own status as world champion.
Alberto Ascari
In 1952 and 1953 the World Cup was temporarily held
for Formula 2 cars, and the famous Ferrari 500 designed by Aurelio
Lampredi knew no equal. In 1952 Askari wins six races from
seven: in Switzerland, Alberto does not start, and the Grand Prix goes to another
Scuderia driver Piero Taruffi. This season has been the best ever
Ferrari, three riders of the team - Askari, Farina and Taruffi - occupied the entire
championship podium. In 1953, Askari tried on for the second time
championship crown. Scuderia is back on top, its riders are winning
seven wins in eight races. Only at the final stage of the championship in
Monza Grand Prix slipped out of my hands at the last moment.
Didn't find an answer? Free legal advice!
Do you prefer live communication? Call a lawyer for free!
Organization
The racing team called Scuderia Ferrari was founded by Enzo Ferrari in 1929. Started to produce vehicles only in 1947.
Ferrari is currently owned by the Fiat Group. Chairman of the Board of Directors and President of the company CEO - Sergio Marchionne. The head office and production is located in the Italian city of Maranello, near Modena.
A little about Enzo Ferrari and his company
The famous Enzo Ferrari was born in 1898 in Modena. He recalled that from a very young age he was an avid fan of car racing and fast cars. After World War I ended, he joined the CMN sports team. In 1920 he worked for Alfa Romeo. The period of service in the Italian concern played a significant role in the professional growth of the guy, although he worked there as a simple test driver. Later, Enzo assembled his own team (it was called the Scuderia Ferrari). The main activity of the group was the improvement of the developments of Alfa Romeo, which were used in racing. As an emblem, a picture of a rearing horse was used. Ferrari served here until 1938. After 2 years, he created his own company "Avio Construction".
Initially, the company was engaged in the manufacture of metal machines. Then Enzo developed his first car model - "815" - but did not give her his name, since the designer signed a contract when he was fired from Alfa Romeo. According to its provisions, the designer could not produce cars for 4 years. Therefore, then no one knew about the development of Ferrari. Pictured is Enzo Ferrari. At the same time, in 1940, Rangoni and Askari drove it in the Mille Miglia. However, they never made it to the finish line. After the outbreak of the war, Enzo moved his company to the small town of Maranello. After the end of the war, the company suffered several air raids. In 1946 the plant was reconstructed. Then the production of racing cars was adjusted. This date is considered the moment of the official appearance of the concern "Ferrari".
Ferrari flourished in the 60s under Forghieri's magical engineering talent. Models like the Dino became classic hits almost instantly, boosting sales dramatically. The steady cash flow allowed the Ferrari team to delve into the research and development of the engine, which eventually culminated in the subsequent release of the 250 P.
In the mid-60s, Ferrari took a backseat to the Ford GT Mark 2, which abruptly ended the Scuderia's Le Mans winning streak. After the successful exit from the FIA bill banning all cars above 3000 hp from entering LeMans. and being forced to suspend the design of the 312 R, Ferrari meets a new rival. The threat came from Porsche, which dominated racing in the early 70s, leaving Ferrari only dreams of a title.
Later, however, Ferrari returned to the public with the 312PB. In 1973, Ferrari retired from sports racing and focused entirely on F1. After a life of failure and victory, Enzo Ferrari died at 90. His death put an end to the Ferrari myth and helped boost sales and shared values brand.
After the departure of the founding father
They say that with death Enzo Anselmo Ferrari in 1988 (and he lived for a long 90 years), the glow of the Ferrari star faded. Back in critical times for the company, Enzo sold 40% of his shares to Fiat, with the condition that another 50% be transferred after his death. He left 10% of the shares to his son, Piero Lardi Ferrari, who is still vice president of the company. Also, in 2014, Fiat completely bought out the American Chrysler and today the company Fiat Chrysler Automobiles is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker FCAU. As of October 2015 year Fiat separates Ferrari and the latter enters the New York Stock Exchange.
Ferrari went public on October 21, 2015 and raised $893 million. The company's market capitalization was $9.8 billion. According to the Financial Times, the value of one share at the end of the day was $60. Top managers of the company claim that thanks to the IPO, the company will not only pay off debts, but also increase sales.
Not only racing cars
This multi-billion dollar company is mainly engaged in the production of racing cars, but there are other brands in its concern, trade marks who work in other directions. 30 stores around the world (don't forget about online shopping), bring in an additional $1.5 billion annually thanks to the desire of people to buy everything related to Ferrari.
Major Shareholders
After the business reorganization, which was completed in early 2016, the largest shareholders of Ferrari N.V. steel: the company Exor S.p.A., which owns 24% of the total volume of issued shares and the son of Enzo Ferrari - Piero Ferrari, who owns 10% of all issued shares. Other holders own the rest - 66% of the shares.
Dividends
Ferrari has been paying dividends since 2016. Dividend payments were calculated on the basis of income received by the issuer based on the results of recent years. The return on payments amounted to approximately 0.8% of the market value of shares on the stock exchange. According to experts, the presence of annual dividends leads to the fact that the value of Ferrari shares is gradually growing. Dividend payments make the paper of the Italian issuer an attractive asset for those investors who would like to periodically receive funds for their investments and at the same time not sell the shares in the portfolio. In particular, due to the fact that the quotes of Ferrari N.V. grow and pay dividends, its shares are in good demand among pension funds, as well as organizations related to the field of collective investment.
Predictions for Ferrari stock
For the most part, financial market specialists consider Ferrari securities more of a luxury item than promising assets. car company. In the 2000s, it was fashionable in Russia during a business conversation to mention your share (albeit a small one) in Gazprom or Sberbank. Today, no one is surprised by Gazprom shares, and the trend has gradually shifted towards foreign assets and world-famous brands. Having Ferrari shares in a brokerage account will certainly add prestige to any businessman.
Initial excitement around valuable papers Ferrari was shaped by the high cost and fame of the brand. History knows many examples when the inflated prices of high-profile and popular corporations "fell to the ground" by harsh financial reality, which dictates its own rules.
Company outlook
In the near future, the Italian automaker plans to increase the volume of cars produced. This will increase revenue, profit and improve other financial indicators of the company, which may push up the price of its securities. In particular, earlier there was a limitation on production equal to 7 thousand cars per year. The company's management is going to increase annual production to 9,000 cars in the future.
According to analysts, the increase in the volume of issuance can increase the amount of profit per share of this Italian issuer. All this can lead to the fact that the dynamics of securities Italian company rise. To date, approximately 70% of the issuer's revenue is provided by the sale of vehicles and spare parts for them.
There are also plans to start production under brand Ferrari new model belonging to the class of SUVs. New all-wheel drive vehicle able to attract the attention of a large number of potential buyers. Carefully conducted analytics allowed experts to suggest that future SUV equipped with a hybrid power plant With gasoline ICE, will bring more profit, in terms of a unit of production, than previously produced models of machines.
To date, Ferrari N.V. Approximately 15% of all revenue is provided by previously signed sponsorship agreements that relate to advertising on cars participating in Formula 1 competitions. The existing forecast allows us to conclude that the value of such advertising will increase, which will help the company increase the income received from this type of activity.
Development of creativity at Ferrari
Conversation with Mario Almondo, Technical Director of Ferrari
Ferrari is famous for its luxury cars. But few people know how creatively they treat creativity here. Mario Almondo, director of human resources at Ferrari, spoke about how Ferrari inspires employees in an interview with the HBR editor.
All companies invest in various kinds of training programs for their employees. What is Ferrari doing in this direction?
Four years ago, we launched the Formula Uomo program: we create architecturally friendly and sustainable workplaces and conduct unusual activities, including those related to health. And we don't do philanthropy at all. We are looking for a way to link employee well-being and personal growth with company performance. Let's say any staff member who wants to improve their English can take a class before work " [email protected]". Someone prefers to study at lunchtime (" [email protected]”) or in the afternoon (“ [email protected]"). For admirers of German we have a program "Deutsche Party". These are free courses and are open to everyone. You can sign up for them on our internal corporate website.
How do you develop the creativity of employees?
There is no special technique. But it is possible to create conditions conducive to the emancipation of creativity. We regularly have meetings (six in a row) with people of art - this program is called "Creative Club". We organize it several times a year, we believe that it excites people, makes their creative vein beat faster, spurs their imagination. And at three more master classes (six to eight lessons each), these people teach our employees the basics of their skills. Artists, sculptors, a jazzman, a writer, a radio host, a photographer, a cook, an actor, a conductor and many others have already visited us. The purpose of such classes is to show our employees how creative ideas are born and embodied.
The Ferrari company is now based in Maranello (Italy). Until 1947, she was engaged in the production of racing cars and the sponsorship of racers. Then its main activity was the creation of Street-legal cars. The history of Ferrari is characterized by constant participation in competitions, mainly in Formula 1.
Perhaps every motorist knows that the yellow depicts a stallion that rears up, and classic color machine is red. But not everyone is aware of exactly how this company appeared and what path it went through before reaching its scale. We will talk about this further.
A little about Enzo Ferrari
The famous Enzo Ferrari was born in 1898 in Modena. He recalled that from a very young age he was an avid fan of car racing and. After World War I ended, he joined the CMN sports team. In 1920 he worked for Alfa Romeo. The period of service in the Italian concern played a significant role in the professional growth of the guy, although he worked there as a simple test driver. Enzo later assembled his own team (it was called " Scuderia Ferrari").
The main activity of the group was the improvement of the developments of Alfa Romeo, which were used in racing. As an emblem, a picture of a rearing horse was used. Ferrari served here until 1938.
After 2 years, he created his own enterprise " Avio Construction». Initially, the company was engaged in the manufacture of metal machines. Then Enzo developed his first car model - "815" - but did not give her his name, since the designer signed a contract when he was fired from Alfa Romeo. According to its provisions, the designer could not produce for 4 years. Therefore, then no one knew about the development of Ferrari.
At the same time, in 1940, Rangoni and Askari drove it in the Mille Miglia. However, they never made it to the finish line. After the outbreak of the war, Enzo moved his company to the small town of Maranello. After the end of the war, the company suffered several air raids. In 1946 the plant was reconstructed. Then the production of racing cars was adjusted. This date is considered the moment of the official appearance of the concern "Ferrari".
The first cars "Ferrari"
The first creation that came off the assembly line of the company is the -125 GT. Then they released models 125S, 159S, 166. All these cars had engines with 12 cylinders. These motors had a single overhead distributor for all cylinder heads. This design was hallmark Ferrari car.
Note that in the big racing sport, these cars debuted without success. But Ferrari was not going to stop there and decided to further implement his plans. 1948 is the year when he created another car - the Ferrari 125. This model became the prototype of the first racing car who competed in Formula 1. Then Aurelio Lampredi becomes the technical director of the company. It was this man who carried out the complete reconstruction of the Ferrari 125.
Corporation leaders soon realized that they needed their own division for the development and production of sports cars. Therefore, in 1969, the Ferrari company became part of the Fiat concern. Enzo Ferrari, as the founder of the enterprise, insisted on his right to manage it independently. And he led the company until his death (1998).
On the video biography of Enzo Ferrari:
1970–2005
In the early seventies, Ferrari had already established a reputation for racing and high class. In 1971, the public was presented new model- Berlinetta Boxer. Two years later they established mass production this car.
In 1984, the Testarossa appeared, which was modernized in 1992. In 1994, this model was again modified. She was equipped with a 12-cylinder engine (volume - 4943 cm 3, power - 440 hp). This car was capable of developing 315 km / h. Released 2 years later new car Maranello 550.
Supercars and Coupes
In recent years, Ferrari has produced less expensive cars. For example, in the eighties, a four-seater Mondial appeared on the market. It was released in two versions (cabriolet / coupe). In 1989, the 348TB, 348TS models were created. In 1994, the F355 family was made on the basis of these cars. Ferrari also produced highly comfortable 4-seater premium coupes.
The pride of the company is incredible. In their design, they are very reminiscent of racing developments for Formula 1. This is mainly the F40 model, which began to be produced in small batches in 1987.
Ferrari F40
Then Enzo Ferrari personally headed the design department, whose employees were involved in the creation of the F40 model. The result was the best creation of the Italian company for the entire period of its existence. The car has a number of unique characteristics:
- the presence of turbocharging;
- high strength Kevlar panels;
- longitudinal arrangement;
- power of 478 horsepower.
Made of carbon fiber and super durable material - Kevlar. , but this cannot be called a disadvantage of a sports car. However, because of this, the seats cannot be adjusted. Note that if the Ferrari is made to order, the driver's seat is created in accordance with the build and dimensions of the buyer.
lovely dynamic characteristics And low level comfort is the motto of the Ferrari F40, which weighed 1118 kilograms. was indifferent to the roughness of the track, steering"felt" any hole, a powerful engine demonstrated the unlimited possibilities of the car. This car is considered a unique creation of Ferrari.
Later (1995), the F40 model was upgraded and received the name F-50. The Ferrari concern is also known racing cars used in Formula 1. They improve every year. 1997 was marked by the fact that Ferrari took second place in the Constructors' Championship (Formula 1 World Championship).
Ferrari Enzo
In 2002, the Italian concern began to produce a model called Ferrari Enzo. The most powerful production supercar in Europe. It was created and named after the genius designer and founder of the company, to recall the role of Ferrari's leading design school in the development of racing. This double Sport Car has a 12-cylinder engine (volume - 6, power - 650). In 3.5 seconds, it can accelerate to 100 km / h and develop more than 350 km / h.
Designed the car famous atelier Pininfarina. The car combines the characteristics of Formula 1 cars - it has a streamlined body, a narrow interior, and the doors open upwards. The main control functions, including gear shifting, are concentrated on the steering wheel. The car is equipped. For three years, 399 cars of this model were produced - the company sold them only to the most famous customers by prior request. The cost of the car was at least 500 thousand euros, which is why not everyone can.
Ferrari is not just car brand and a cult brand. To buy such a car, it is not enough to have a lot of money. You also need to have an appropriate position in society.
Leave a comment about what you read!
