How to correctly specify the size of the engine. Calculator for calculating the working volume of an internal combustion engine

13.06.2019

Salon

The combustion chamber power unit filled with a fuel mixture (gasoline with air). The chamber is designed so that it has a movable element (piston).
Then with the help special device, which is called the "spark plug", the fuel mixture ignites.
The energy released as a result of the “explosion” pushes the piston down, which, in turn, transmits motion to the crankshaft, which, through various gearboxes, begins to turn the wheels.

This is the simplest description of the operation of the engine, in fact there are a huge number of nuances, but it also allows you to answer the question of how to find out the volume of a gasoline engine.

Now it is clear that the volume of any engine is the total value of all combustion chambers of the engine. What does this indicator affect? First of all, the power of the car. Although in modern machines turbocharging is increasingly being used, which allows inventors to increase power while leaving the volume of the combustion chamber unchanged.

How to increase engine size

This question is often asked by car owners who have set themselves the goal of increasing the power of their “iron friend” at all costs.

As you know, the motor of the machine consists of several cylinders, they are placed in a single block (cylinder block). Inside each cylinder is a piston. And this whole system together is called the combustion chamber and determines the displacement of the power plant.

It is quite simple to make an independent calculation of the volume of the motor, for this there is a formula that was described above.

In the end, how can you increase engine power yourself? Generally, there are several ways to solve this problem. It all depends on how much you want to increase the power output of the engine and of course on the size of your wallet:

The simplest and cheap option, this is an ordinary bore of a cylinder block to increase the combustion chamber. In this case, your costs will be associated only with the purchase of new pistons of a larger diameter.
A more costly option is to replace the "native" crankshaft on the shaft with large radius crank. Well, since the diameter of the connecting rods will increase, you will have to change the entire piston group. After such a procedure, the working stroke of the pistons will increase, and, accordingly, the displacement of the power unit will become larger.

How to increase the power of a car to use a private matter for everyone. But it is worth remembering that forcing the motor at home is simply unrealistic. For this you need special equipment, and most importantly highly qualified specialists. So, if you still decide to take such a step, you have a direct road to a tuning agency.

The volume of a car's engine is the sum of the working volumes of its cylinders. The units of measurement are both cubic centimeters (cm3) and liters (L) (1 liter is equal to 1000 cubic centimeters). When the engine size must be indicated in liters, during the conversion of units of measurement, rounding to a whole number after the decimal point is performed, for example, an engine size equal to 1598 cubic centimeters in liters will be equal to 1.6 liters, and, for example, a volume of 2429 cubic centimeters - 2.4 liters. The power of the car, fuel consumption and other operating parameters directly depend on the size of the engine displacement. When buying a car, it is imperative to pay attention to the engine displacement, as this is very important point. By the way, after purchasing a car, many car owners often wonder how to find out the engine size on their own, what it really is. This characteristic is indicated in technical passport vehicle.

There are "craftsmen" who like to advise unscrewing all the candles and pouring water into the cylinders "to the eyeballs". The volume of water that fits in them, according to them, should be the same as the volume of the engine. You should not use this method, as it is just an old joke. In the case of buying a used car, the numbers indicated in its registration certificate may not be entirely correct. It is possible that the car was in an accident, or maybe some work was done on it that affected the engine performance. What if it was assembled from several cars at all? The actual engine size, in these cases, can be found by looking at the numbers on the cylinder block. This is the value of the working volume. They are indicated at the back with large symbols (you can see it from the pit). You can also find out what size the engine of the car has by the vin code. It can be seen at the bottom of the arch driver's door, of course, after opening it. It is also listed under back seat, under the windshield and in the upper left part of the instrument panel (in this case, the code must be viewed from outside the car).

The last method listed is the most reliable. Since the vin code is indicated on all machines that have been produced since about 1980. It consists of seventeen characters, among which the Latin letters I, O and Q are not used because of their similarity with the numbers 1 and 0. The first three characters indicate the index of the car manufacturer. (The first characterizes the country, the second characterizes the manufacturer, and the third indicates the type (car, truck, etc.).) From the fourth to the eighth characters, they inform about the main technical parameters of the car: about the model, type and size of the engine, body type, and so on. The ninth character is the check digit. It is needed in order to be able to determine the reliability of the vin-code. With its help, you can find out if the car is listed as stolen. From the twelfth to the seventeenth characters are the car body number. There are many sites on the Internet with which you can decipher the vin code and find out not only the engine size of a particular car, but also all the rest. specifications. And, absolutely free.

For many of our compatriots, the times when, when choosing a new car, the main parameters were its appearance and cost. Today technical specifications of the purchased vehicle become almost the main ones when choosing it. One of the main indicators of the car - the working volume of its engine. It depends on the fuel consumption, speed characteristics, the amount of tax that will have to be paid annually.

The liquidity of the vehicle secondary market, during its subsequent sale, also depends to a large extent on this parameter. It is not so easy to choose a car with an optimal engine displacement for yourself, you need to know how this parameter affects the behavior of the vehicle, and for what operating conditions you should choose a more powerful car. If in urban conditions not the most “volumetric” engine is enough, then with frequent driving off-road, an engine with a displacement of 0.8 liters will not be enough.

How does the displacement of the engine affect the power of the car

Engine displacement is the total sum of the volumes of all available cylinders. Today on the market there are cars with an indicator from 0.8 to 5-6 liters or more. This parameter is determined only by the manufacturer and does not change during the process. normal operation auto. It must be indicated in the technical data sheet. It is from the working volume that the power of the vehicle, its dynamics and fuel consumption depend.

As a rule, for exclusively urban conditions it is advisable to choose a car with a working volume of up to 1.6 liters. It has a fairly economical fuel consumption, which is especially important for megacities with their endless traffic jams. Despite the small volume, it is quite enough to ensure good acceleration dynamics - such a car will not remain among the last from a traffic light. Often such cars have a turbine that increases dynamic performance.

But if the car is used on highways, with a full engine load, a small working "reserve" is felt very noticeably. In addition, an engine with low power is poorly combined with air conditioning and an automatic transmission. Engines with a working volume of two or more liters, compared with the "younger relatives" have some advantages:

torque powerful engine more even;
it is less whimsical to fuel quality;
possible long maximum load;
correct work air conditioning and automatic transmission.

What this parameter affects is described in the video tutorial:

Gasoline or diesel - how does the working volume affect

If we consider only the issue of engine displacement and the advantages of operating a car, then diesel is somewhat ahead of Gas engine. Diesel, even with a relatively small displacement, develops more torque. Therefore, you will have to pay less for such a “subcompact” car, and there will be more driving comfort - a “small” motor, however, easily pulls both an automatic gearbox and a powerful air conditioner.

If a turbine is installed, then the car will become quite fast, and you will have to pay quite a bit for its maintenance. Diesels of luxury SUVs or minivans have an increased working volume, and are in many ways superior to gasoline analogues. But despite this, there is a drawback - a large initial cost, although if the car is supposed to be operated in difficult conditions, such a purchase will pay off handsomely.

How engine size is calculated

For such a calculation, minimal knowledge of the principle of its structure and operation will be required. Regardless of the type of fuel used, each motor converts the thermal energy received in the process of fuel combustion into mechanical energy, which makes it possible to set vehicles in motion. Each car has several cylinders placed in a single block, including pistons. The working volume of the engine is determined by the combination of these elements.

For this, a special formula is used, and the results are interpreted either in cm 3 or in liters. After deriving the value of the engine displacement in cubic meters. cm (l) each car can be accurately classified into one of four groups.

Minicar - the volume does not exceed 1.4 liters.
Small car - up to 1.7 liters.
Mid-capacity - 1.8-3.5 liters.
Large car - above 3.5 liters.

This engine parameter is extremely important in almost any country in the world - it is he who becomes fundamental when calculating tax, as well as sums insured.

Increasing the working volume - a whim or a necessity

Despite the fact that the working volume of each engine is calculated by the automaker, if there is a desire and financial capability, this parameter can be changed upwards. This is often used by amateurs. sports tuning, but the expediency of such a step is decided by everyone for himself. Such tuning is performed in two ways.

A relatively inexpensive option for increasing the working volume is the following. The cylinder block liners are simply bored to a larger diameter. The piston group is replaced with a new one. The volume can be increased only slightly in this way.
If you need a more significant increase in power, you will need to replace the crankshaft installed by the manufacturer with a model with an increased radius. In parallel with this, it will be necessary to completely replace the piston group, which will allow the engine to work with a new crankshaft. This method allows you to seriously boost the engine, but requires impressive costs both for materials and for the work performed, which is not cheap.

Important! Any of the above methods requires the help of highly qualified specialists working on technologically advanced and very expensive equipment - to perform such work in simple garage impossible.

Whether to take into account engine parameters when choosing a car

Gone are the days when car owners practically did not think about such a parameter as engine displacement. Today it is on a par with the cost, exterior and prestige. Engine size greatly affects not only taxes and insurance premiums, but also driving performance vehicle, as well as the comfort of the driver himself when driving.

In the event that the purchased car will be used mainly in urban areas, with low speeds and low loads, a motor with small parameters is enough - this will save on fuel and not overpay for maintenance. When used on the track, where high torque is very important, a car with a medium displacement is more suitable. By the way, this will not lead to a significant increase in fuel consumption - after fast acceleration, "waste" of fuel will drop sharply.

Respectively, difficult conditions uses involve only a large working volume. A car equipped with an engine with an increased volume will always be more comfortable, since it will easily “pull” a powerful climate system, automatic box, and more optional equipment will not cause a loss of engine power, which is especially important when high speeds and making sudden maneuvers.

In the era of development automotive industry there is a huge number of auto-novelties that have advanced technologies in the design of motor units. New ones are being developed, such as hybrids, new classes of cars are emerging, for example, electric cars. Due to the great variety of motors available on the market, it is difficult for the buyer to decide on the choice of a future car that will serve as a means of transportation at a certain stage of his life. Today we will talk about how to find out the volume of the engine.

Types of engines

How to decide on motor unit? Let's first deal with its classification. So, the heart of the car is divided into several types: engines internal combustion and electric motors. However, due to the problem, the most popular are cars with internal combustion engines. They are divided into petrol and diesel. Their difference lies in the fact that for engines running on gasoline, an electric spark is needed, which is important for igniting the fuel. fuel mixture V diesel units capable of igniting on its own. Each engine type has its own advantages and disadvantages.

For vehicles with diesel engine more torque, they are more economical, by about 20 percent, respectively, and the range of such cars is greater. Diesels are more reliable due to the fact that they work without electronic devices, and even in the event of a breakdown, the repair of such engines will cost much less than gasoline ones. As for the shortcomings of engines running on diesel fuel, then, first of all, this is their weight, which negatively affects the maneuverability of the car, in winter the car will have to warm up for a long time.

In transport, which is jokingly called a "lighter", maximum power slightly higher than diesel and, accordingly, maximum speed Same. But they have a less modest appetite and are less reliable.
There are cars with electrical unit. However, they are much more expensive than usual and the problem with charging the motor is still relevant, not to mention the maintenance of such vehicles.

Powertrain differences

So, you have decided, now you need to choose its volume. Now there are a lot of units on the market: from the weakest and most economical to the most powerful and voracious. Let's talk about their advantages and disadvantages.

For engines with a large displacement, the tax is increased, the cost of maintenance and, accordingly, fuel consumption are much higher. powerful car will serve you for a long time, and correct operation there will be more reliable assistant, because the motor does not suffer from overload and can be fully operated with the air conditioner on and other electronic systems. With low mileage, it makes sense to buy a car with a small engine in order to avoid a high tax on power.
It is very important to choose the right parameters and decide on the intended type of operation of the car. Let's compare different volumes of aggregates:

Motors with a volume of 0.8 to 1 liter. They are mainly put on vehicles for the transport of goods in connection with low power. They consume about 5 liters per 100 kilometers.
Units with a volume of 1.2 to 1.8 liters are quite suitable for everyday driving, they have low fuel consumption, in the region of 5-10 liters per 100 kilometers.
The golden mean is 1.8–2.5 liters. A small tax, sane consumption and confident acceleration - both in the city and on the highway.
Engines with a volume of more than 3-4.5 liters are put on expensive foreign cars.
Cars with 5-liter units belong to the luxury categories and.

Determine the engine size

Now about how to find out the displacement of the car unit. There are several ways.
You can see the volume in the technical data sheet of the car, but this method is not entirely suitable when buying a used car. Perhaps the configuration of the motor was changed, modernized. The actual value can only be read on the cylinder block.
You can also determine the displacement of the engine by the VIN code. It should be looked for under the rear seat, under the windshield, or at the bottom of the driver's door arch. This code consists of seventeen characters.

The first three characters are responsible for the country and the manufacturer of the car, the characters from the fourth to the eighth explain the basic information about technical equipment car (engine size, body and much more). With the help of the tenth character, you can find out if the car has been stolen. Signs numbered 12 to 17 are the car body number. You can find out the value of the VIN code on the Internet. On many sites this service is absolutely free.

You can choose the type and volume of the unit to your taste and color. However, for long service life car needs competent care for its most important part, its heart - the engine. In case of any malfunction, you should contact only qualified employees of the official service of the manufacturer. If you like to ride - love to carry sleds. good luck in automotive operation. Love your car and get only positive emotions from it.

Let us know if the article was helpful.

Instruction

To determine the volume engine and correct it, you need to know how, in principle, the motor of the machine. Task engine- convert the thermal energy resulting from the combustion of fuel into mechanical energy, which, in fact, allows you to move.

There are several cylinders in an engine. They are placed in a single block, inside which are additionally installed. And this whole system determines the volume of the motor by its work. Calculating it, despite the apparent complexity, is quite simple. To do this, you need to know the technical parameters of the "filling", that is, the cylinders and, and then everything is calculated according to a certain mathematical formula.

The formula that is used to calculate the volume engine, for example, for a four-cylinder car, so: V \u003d 3.14 x H x D in / 1000 (this is the number of revolutions per minute at low and medium rates). In this formula, the value D determines the diameter engine specified in millimeters, and H is the piston stroke in millimeters. For example, in a car, the piston diameter is 82.4 mm, and the piston stroke is 74.8 mm, which means V engine he will have the following: 3.14 x 74.8 x 82.4 x 82.4 / 1000 \u003d 1595 cubic centimeters. Accordingly, the power of such a machine is average.

The volume is always calculated either in cubic centimeters or in liters. Determining the working volume engine, you can safely classify everything into groups: micro-displacement (volume up to 1.4 liters), small-displacement (1.2-1.7 liters), medium-displacement (1.8-3.5 liters) and large-displacement (over 3.5 liters) . In most of the world from volume indicators engine depends on taxation and insurance. So, for example, in some European countries for more powerful cars(those that have a working volume engine over 2,000 cubic centimeters) an increased tax is expected.

Sources:

what does engine size mean

If the engine power has dropped, and checking the carburetor and ignition system has not led to anything, you should measure degree compression(compression) in the cylinders of this engine. low compression can be caused by a violation in the tightness of the threaded hole for the spark plugs, defects in the spark plugs, defects in the gas distribution mechanism and the sealing rings of the engine pistons. It is possible to determine why exactly the compression in the cylinders has fallen in relatively simple ways.

You will need

compression gauge, set of wrenches.

Instruction

Before checking, replace all spark plugs in the engine cylinders with known good ones. Start the engine. If the power level remains at the same, low level, unscrew all the spark plugs. Screw a compression tester into cylinder head 1 instead of a spark plug. Turn the engine starter for 5 to 7 seconds. Read the compression reading from the gauge. At normal engine it must be over 10 atmospheres. In the same way, check the compression in all cylinders. It should not differ by more than half.

Attention! Fully charge the battery before testing. Also make sure that the starter in the car engine is in full working order. An undercharged battery or a faulty starter may falsify the test results.

If after this check you find one cylinder with reduced compression, fill cylinder 100 engine oil. Then recheck. If the compression has not changed, you should check the gas distribution valve in this. To do this, unscrew the block of cylinder heads. Along the way, check the integrity of the gasket between the crankcase and the head block. Remove the valves one by one from their seats and visually check the contact of the valve with its seat. If the contact ring is already 1.5 mm, it should be lapped to the seat. If the valve or seat is severely worn or damaged, replace it.

If the contact patch, and hence the tightness of the closed valve, is normal, install the head on the engine crankcase with a gasket. Check compression. While maintaining low compression in the defective cylinder, take the head to the workshop for inspection - it may have a crack, due to which the necessary degree compression.

If, after checking with pouring 100 grams of oil into the cylinder, the compression has changed upwards, then the sealing rings of the piston of the defective cylinder are out of order. It could be increased wear or one of these rings. In this case, repair is required. piston group engine.