Few people know that since Soviet times in Belarus, in addition to the traditional "national economic" car industry, there was an "alternative" car industry - the military one.
No, now we are not talking about the special chassis of the PSKT MAZ (now MZKT) and not even so much about the cars themselves, but about special add-ons, kungs and equipment mounted in them.
At night, from the gates of, for example, the Minsk Electromechanical Plant, other enterprises located not only in the capital, but also in Gomel, Lida, and a number of other cities, inconspicuous military vans drove out, "stuffed" with the most advanced electronics and radio equipment at that time. Yes, in Soviet time Belarus was a kind of Silicon Valley of the Soviet "defense industry". Control systems for weapons and troops were designed and made here. And they were mounted in special automobile-type bodies.
Much has changed since then, but the trend itself has remained unchanged. Belarus still makes a lot of things invisible military equipment. Private development companies have been added to state-owned enterprises. The products of this industry can only occasionally be seen at specialized exhibitions.
On the eve of February 23, ABW.BY decided to compile a kind of rating of unusual military vehicles, in the creation and production of which Belarus participates.
So, 10th place. KAMAZ in the Belarusian military rating? Yes! This is a machine that is part of the P-18T meter-range radar station. The topic is dealt with by UE "Tetrahedron". The Belarusian component of this machine is the electronic "stuffing".
On 9th"Tiger"? No! This is a military off-road vehicle "Lis-PM" with a combat machine-gun-grenade launcher module. A 12.7 mm NSV machine gun and a 30 mm AG-17 grenade launcher are installed here. "Lis-PM" is a "Tiger" with a Belarusian passport. Their assembly is carried out in one of the branches of the MZKT using a large share of Belarusian components.
Another armored car that occupies 8th place in our rating - Bars. Built on the Italian SCAM chassis, but the body of the vehicle is completely Belarusian and made of composite materials based on polymer armor. The manufacturer is the Belarusian NPOOO "OKB TSP". Several "Bars" are already "serving" in the Armed Forces... of Turkmenistan.
7th place at Belgrade. Legendary Soviet jet system salvo fire - in the Belarusian reading.
And this is a command vehicle, more precisely, a command and staff vehicle. Mounted on MZKT-6001 chassis with independent suspension. Communication systems are installed inside, and a "consultation" office is also equipped. There are sleeping quarters, a shower and a bathroom. Basically, it's the commander's mobile office. Both the chassis and the body were made at the MZKT. 6th place in the hit parade.
tracked vehicle in car rating? In fact, she's right here. Tracked chassis of this class, the military refers specifically to automotive technology- an unusual fact from the official classification adopted back in Soviet times. On 5th place rating - VHF radio interference station "Kiwi", a product of the Belarusian "Minotor-service". Belarusian here is the chassis, and the body, and the "stuffing".
What do you think is the specialization of this car? Just don't be surprised - this is an aircraft carrier! transport vehicle, which is part of the Berkut-1 short-range tactical unmanned aerial complex. Each container contains an aircraft. Small, unmanned, but still aircraft. 4th place in the rating of the product of the Minsk NPO "Agat - Control Systems".
Top three opens case chassis of the Minsk plant wheel tractors family 6922. It was created as an alternative to caterpillar weapons carriers and in this role justified itself in full. Now there are at least five variants in the family. These vehicles are already in service with the Russian and Belarusian armies.
Silver - at the newest Belarusian MLRS "Polonaise". Until now, very little is known about it, but the company where these systems are assembled has already been shown on television. Of course, there are also "purchased" (Chinese) components here, but localization is growing. So the heavy Belarusian MLRS is not a myth.
And we will give the first place to, perhaps, the most impressive development of the Belarusian military-industrial complex radar station of the meter range "Vostok". This is the fruit of cooperation between many Belarusian design bureaus and enterprises, but everything here is Belarusian: the chassis, the antenna, and its drive mechanism. The creators claim that this is one of the best radars of its type in the world. The "Vostok" is already in service with the radio engineering troops of Belarus. Bought such machines and some foreign countries.
Of course, not all interesting developments of the domestic military-industrial complex are included in our rating. Unfortunately, there is very little information about the achievements of the Belarusian military industry, the developers prefer to stay away from the press and are very reluctant to share details, but the very fact that the Belarusian defense industry is functioning and creating new products pleases. Happy February 23 everyone!
In 2013 automotive production in Belarus came out on new level. CJSC SZAO "Belji" produced the first batch of "people's" cars. Belarusian Geely is a joint development of Belarusian and Chinese enterprises. The new project has a lobby at the state level. This year the company plans to produce 18,000 vehicles, 11,000 of which are to be sold in Russia.
Attempts to release a popular passenger car
In 1997, near Minsk in the village of Obchak, assembly began with the subsequent release ford cars Escort and Ford Transit(minibuses). This was the first attempt by Ford Motors and Lada OMS to create a new car model. passenger class. However, long-term plans were not destined to come true. The state authorities deprived Ford Motors of some benefits, and the company stopped work. The second attempt to collect Belarusian cars was undertaken in 2004. In the same village of Obchak, they decided to produce a Lublin-3 truck. For this purpose, a joint Belarusian-Polish enterprise "Unison" (CJSC) was registered. The car was released, but did not live up to the expectations of the manufacturers. The cost of the Lublin-3 truck turned out to be 3 times higher than that of the Russian Gazelles. In the same year, an attempt was made to create a Belarusian-Iranian Samand car. It was a modernized Peugeot sedan (France). However, the new car brand did not gain confidence. The company still produces Samand cars, but they are not in demand.
Later, several more failed attempts were made to create Belarusian cars, and only in 2013 the idea was crowned with success. SZAO "Belgy" began assembling the Geely SC-7 machine at the site of the Borisov plant "Avtogidroampilitel" (OJSC). The shareholding structure of the Belarusian-Chinese enterprise included OJSC BelAZ, SZAO SoyuzAvtoTekhnologii, Geely Corporation.
The new Belarusian car stands like a supported "European"
Today CJSC "Belgy" produces 3 models of a new car brand:
- Geely SC7;
- Geely LC Cross;
- Geely EX.
The average price of cars is $15,000. How much do used European ones cost? running cars. The only difference is that in Belarusian Geely cars covered by a three-year official warranty. The President of the Republic of Belarus emphasizes that the government will support the sale of the car brand. The state promises to create conditions so that the population can acquire new car. Alexander Lukashenko also emphasizes that Geely cars should be sold in Russia as well.
Test drive of the Belarusian "Chinese": advantages
Each car has its pros and cons. Correspondents of the Belarusian portal abw.by Geely test drive and found out all its features.
Advantages of the new car brand SC 7:
Experts note that one should not hastily criticize the Belarusian Geely car: the car is not as bad as most motorists think when they hear the word “Chinese”.
... and disadvantages
Now for the cons.
Test drivers note that Belarusian Geely cars drive like Mercedes-Benz W124. They have a good “bottom”, and the gears switch smoothly. If manufacturers improve the design of seat height adjustment, then the car can be deservedly awarded the title of “good car”.
President of Belarus personally tested Geely
On May 4, 2014, on the territory of the test site in Borisov, Alexander Lukashenko tested the new Belarusian car “for strength”. First, the head of state got behind the wheel of a Geely SC 7, then a Geely LC Cross, and finally drove a Geely EX crossover. According to the president, he was pleased with the design and technical specifications car models. A. Lukashenko also noted that SC 7 - great option for novice drivers. admitted that the government plans to develop an incentive system that will increase the purchasing power of Belarusian-made cars. “So far, such a program will operate in relation to the Belarusian buyer, but later it is planned to think about the “neighbors”,” A. Lukashenko stressed.
Plans and prospects of the Belarusian automobile production
The automotive industry in Belarus is constantly developing. In the near future, the president plans to build a powerful plant near Borisov. Lukashenka plans to sell about 50,000 domestic cars, some of which should go to the Russian market. Geely Auto also officially enters the Brazilian car market. In addition, new Belarusian cars will soon be produced. Opel production and Chevrolet was launched in mid-2013. This year, car brands should roll off the assembly line. This condition is stipulated by the signed by the president with the director General Motors. Controls new project Deputy Prime Minister of the Belarusian state Piotr Prokopovich. In the future, the company plans to assemble another brand - Cadillac . According to experts, the qualification level of Belarusian personnel will make it possible to implement this long-term plan.
The Republic of Belarus is very poorly associated with the passenger car industry. But everyone immediately comes to mind the tractor of the same name, MAZ trucks and, of course, the legendary BelAZ trucks. The leadership of the republic has been trying for many years to correct this situation: to attract foreign investment to the country, create jobs, and at the same time transfer citizens from old foreign cars to new cars of their own, Belarusian, production, albeit a foreign brand. And here is the success - an agreement with China, the construction and launch of the long-awaited Belgy plant, where Geely brand cars are already being assembled. It was at this new joint venture that the correspondent of the Dvizhok magazine visited, who saw with his own eyes the fruits of cooperation, which was agreed at the highest level.
That's right: President of the Republic of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko personally took part in the opening of the plant. Ask, what does Russia have to do with it? It's simple: even if the strong-willed decision of the president obliges all Belarusians to buy only Geely cars, the enterprise's capacities will cope with this task in about one year of work. Therefore, 90% of all products will be exported and, as we all perfectly understand, the vast majority of machines will appear on the Russian market.
It is impossible not to note the global approach with which Geely decided to new step in conquering our market. Instead of using power factory Derways in Cherkessk, where only the lazy did not complain about the build quality, the company decided to develop an alternative territory, while remaining within the framework of the Customs Union.
Recall that Geely was founded in 1986. Like many automakers from the Middle Kingdom, she managed to make a serious leap only in the "zero". Among the truly significant steps, it is worth noting the acquisition of the well-known Australian company Drivetrain Systems International, automatic transmissions which are put on Geely models, as well as the most famous deal - the purchase of 100% of the shares Swedish brand Volvo. In 2014, the brand went through a rebranding and received its current face, and subsequently also bought Lotus and Proton.
Directly in Russia, Geely appeared in 2011, along with the MK model. And if the Russians did not particularly like the sedan of the same name, then the MK Cross pseudo-crossover, as they say, managed to catch the emerging wave of the universal world passion for the SUV segment. The very next year, the Emgrand model entered the market with modern design and humane price, which also found its buyer. In 2014, sales of the Emgrand X7 crossover started, which is still the driving force behind the company's sales in Russia.
Geely MK Cross Geely Emgrand X7 Geely Emgrand
And now on domestic market getting ready to break in new crossover Geely Atlas. By the way, the name "Chinese" managed to reserve in advance, so do not expect the same name in Russia big crossover from Volkswagen, at least with the same name. It is Atlas that is assembled at the facilities of the Belgi plant, and, looking ahead, let's say that it is assembled at a very decent level.
Geely Atlas
The enterprise is an exact copy of a similar plant in China. The total area is 1.18 sq. km. On its territory there is an assembly shop (more than 16,000 sq. m), a painting shop (about 8,000 sq. m) and a welding shop (more than 9,000 sq. m). The assembly shop is divided into three main lines: interior line, chassis line and final assembly line.
The expectation to see robots with incomprehensible hieroglyphs there did not materialize. The assembly is entirely managed by "Western" technologies. Adhesive-sealant is applied to the glass industrial robot Kuka from Germany, this same sealant is supplied to the robot by a Graco adhesive system originally from the USA, and the test line is outsourced to Durr, again from Germany.
On this moment more than a hundred people work in the assembly shop, and their efforts to assemble completely finished car it takes only three hours from a welded and painted body. Helping them with this is a Swedish-made Atlas Copco assembly tool with servo drives and wireless data transmission of tightening results. threaded connections everyone specific car. This technology eliminates defects in the tightening of threaded connections at all stages of assembly and meets the most modern international standards and quality requirements.
The welding shop is also proud of the equipment famous brands with a worldwide reputation. These are Obara welding tongs from Japan, 27 German Kuka welding robots, 62 adaptive systems Bosch Rexroth contact welding controls with adaptive adjustment, adhesive systems for automatic sealant application from the German SCA, as well as a three-dimensional measuring machine from Hexagon from Sweden. The task of the latter is to make sure that the percentage of compliance of welding joints is at least 95%.
German robots Kuka cook another Geely Atlas body
A feature of such welding systems is the ability to adjust the parameters of the welding process in real time and provide maximum quality control of the weld points. All work is checked by the control and measurement laboratory for body geometry control using laser sensors and contact heads on a special machine.
Representatives of Geely paid special attention to the painting shop, which is designed for eight colors. For coating the outer surfaces of the body, Durr robots are used with complex kinematics, which provides painting on surfaces of any configuration. As befits a plant that claims to be state of the art, eco-friendly water-based materials and electrostatic coating methods are used for painting.
Painting and cataphoretic priming of Geely car bodies are handled by six Graco units from the USA for the supply and application of joint and anti-gravel sealants, 16 units from the same company for premixing and supply paintwork materials, and 11 more Durr robots - directly for coloring. Supplier of cataphoresis bath materials and materials paintwork is the German company Basf. Do not forget about Belgi and phosphating. Phosphate film with zinc is designed to protect the body from corrosion. For more impact protection various pollution during painting, special demineralized water is used to remove even the smallest particles of salts and metals from it.
Despite the fact that robots are engaged in painting, after the car is necessarily inspected by the controller, who personally checks each painted body. The same thing happens after the varnishing chamber. The final polishing chamber works on the surface until it is perfectly smooth and shiny.
Separately, it is worth noting under what vigilant control of guests from the Middle Kingdom all work is carried out. The gaze of Geely's Chinese experts is constantly watching each body moving along the conveyor, simultaneously checking the data on the work done on computer screens.
What is the bottom line?
If a couple of years ago the phrase “Chinese production and quality control” caused a slight smile, then seeing how the most modern robots assemble cars in almost sterile conditions from the most environmentally friendly materials, one ceases to be surprised at the unimaginable pace of development. Chinese car industry. A little more - and fluctuations in the choice of buyers between European, Japanese and Chinese brands will become commonplace, and whose car will be more interesting, better and, most importantly, more profitable, is still unclear.
As for the Geely Atlas model, which is assembled at the new Belarusian enterprise, the sales success of this crossover will directly depend on pricing policy. Whatever one may say, it is advisable to enter the conservative Russian market by dumping to attract buyers, especially in the case of Chinese brands, the attitude towards which in Russia is biased. True, given the world level of production seen at the Belarusian enterprise, we can say with a high degree of confidence that the Geely brand has every chance to break domestic stereotypes.
At the very least, Belarus has mastered the assembly of foreign cars, and the number of "domestic" models has already reached ten. All cars are assembled using the so-called screwdriver method from ready-made car kits.
They bring assembled bodies to us, painted, with interiors and glasses, then they insert the finished engine, radiator, fasten suspension parts and wheels, bumpers and headlights ... The car made in Belarus is ready!
There are two main "screwdriver capitals": the village of Obchak near Minsk, in which the Unison plant is located, and the city of Borisov - the assembly shop of the SZAO "Belji" is located there. "Komsomolskaya Pravda" looked at their characteristics, how much cars cost and how they are bought up.
1. Baby Geely LC-Cross
Price: 7950 - 8220*
Place of assembly: the city of Borisov
This is the smallest, but also the most cheap foreign car, which is collected in Belarus. Rear passengers are accommodated with great difficulty, the trunk is very tiny. The car has a 1.3-liter engine (84 horses) and mechanics.
There are two complete sets: the base one costs 125,222,900 rubles *, the version with side airbags and parking sensors is 4 million more expensive. Sales of the baby started in April last year, in 2014 150 copies were sold in Belarus.
2. Citroen C-Elysee mid-range sedan
Price: 9150 - 12 450 euros
Assembly place: Obchak village
This model of the Belarusian assembly began to be sold only that week. Cars come with two options for gasoline engines: 1.2-liter (72 horses) and 1.6-liter (115 horses). The latest engine option can be paired with an automatic transmission. Three configurations are available. Regardless of them, cars are fully adapted for our country: increased ground clearance, steel crankcase protection, full-size spare wheel, 100% galvanized body.
3. Peugeot 301 mid-range sedan
Price: 9150 - 12 450
Where car kits come from: from Spain
Assembly place: Obchak village
This is the first Peugeot model that came off the Belarusian assembly line - colleague Citroen C-Elysee. Sales started on February 2, 2015. Two engine options: petrol 1.2 (72 horses) and petrol 1.6 (115 horsepower), mechanical or automatic transmission. The machine is available in three trim levels.
4. Geely SC7 C-Class Sedan
Price: 9600 - 9800*
Where car kits come from: from China
Place of assembly: the city of Borisov
Of the currently collected - the most long-term model. Its assembly at the facilities of the Avtogidrousilitel plant was established back in February 2013. In 2013-2014, 1588 copies were sold in Belarus, mainly to enterprises.
The factory says that the SC7 is a completely independent development of Geely, however, experts found in the car a number of elements from Toyota Corolla sample of 2000 (the model was discontinued seven years ago). In Belarus, the car is offered with a 1.8-liter gasoline engine (127 horses) and mechanics. Basic equipment costs 151 million rubles *, slightly improved - almost 3 million more expensive.
5. Zotye Z300 D-Class Sedan
Price: 11 930 - 13 000
Where car kits come from: from China
Assembly place: Obchak village
A closed presentation of the car took place near Minsk back in 2012. Sales began a couple of years later, for the entire last year collected a total of 65 cars. Upon closer inspection, KP saw a 2007 Toyota Allion in the Zotye Z300. There are two configurations: a 1.5-liter engine with mechanics - 188 million, a 1.6-liter with an automatic - 205 million.
6. SUV Geely Emgrand X7
Price: 12 800 - 17 400*
Where car kits come from: from China
Place of assembly: the city of Borisov
The second model of the Borisov enterprise was the EX7 front-wheel drive SUV. Now they offer two gasoline engines: a 2-liter (139 horses) and a 2.4-liter (148 horses). The simplest version with cloth interior costs 202 million*.
Option 2.4 with automatic, with leather interior and cruise control, parking sensors and numerous airbags will cost 274 million *. Last year, 453 cars were sold in Belarus.
7. "Heel" Citroen Berlingo
Price: from 14,700 euros
Where car kits come from: from Spain
Assembly place: Obchak village
Like the C-Elysee, Belarusian "heels" from Citroen started selling quite recently. The passenger version in the cheapest configuration was estimated at 239 million rubles. "Heel" is equipped with a gasoline 1.6-liter 110-horsepower engine with mechanics. It is offered in a special package for Belarus: air conditioning, two sliding doors, a modern audio system, two airbags, ABS, EBD, AFU, fog lights.
8. "Heel" Peugeot Partner
Price: 14 700 - 14 900
Assembly place: Obchak village
Peugeot Partner is the twin brother of the "heeled" Citroën Berlingo, only not with a "Christmas tree", but with a "lion" on the hood. Passenger versions Belarusian assembly is now being sold for 238-242 million rubles.
9. Crossover Peugeot 3008
Price: 17 800 - 21 600
Where car kits come from: from France
Assembly place: Obchak village
Sales began simultaneously with the 301st model - in early February. Belarusian buyers are offered two options: a 120-horsepower gasoline engine with mechanics or a 250-horsepower one with a gun. The first option is now worth 288 million, the second - 324 - 350 million rubles.
10. Peugeot 508 Business Class Sedan
Where car kits come from: from France
Price: 21,200 - 24,280 euros
Assembly place: Obchak village
This is a brand new model. world premiere restyled version was less than a year ago. The model began to roll off the Belarusian assembly line a couple of months ago. Two modifications are available - both with 1.6-liter gasoline engine(150 horses) and with a gun.
The top modification has in its arsenal an electromechanical handbrake, a head-up display, curtains on the windows rear doors, electric seat drive, keyless entry and engine start system, LED-elements in the head optics, navigation.
Next in line - Opel Mokka and Cadillac Escalade
The first model was recently shown to Belarusian journalists. compact crossovers began to assemble in Obchak from South Korean car kits. It is planned that in a month Belarusian Opels will be sold in Russia. Our dealers can also order them. And later, near Minsk, they want to master the assembly of huge SUVs Cadillac Escalade.
* New cars of 2014 of release.
Belarusian MAZs, BelAZs and tractors have long been known and in demand both on the domestic market and far beyond the borders of our country. And in last years In Belarus, not only heavy engineering is gaining momentum, but also Automotive industry. Today, cars of the world's largest brands are assembled in our country. And on the agenda is the transition from SKD assembly of cars to full-cycle production with the maximum possible localization of processes, which will allow to avoid barriers when exporting cars to other EAEU countries. And a promising trend is the production of Belarusian electric vehicles.
FROM FORD TO CADILLAC
Unison CJSC, founded in 2000 on the basis of the Ford Union enterprise, became the first car factory in our country. The Belarusian-British joint venture is located in the village of Obchak, 10 km from the capital, and is a resident of the Minsk free economic zone. The joint venture can produce up to 25,000 cars a year.
Over its more than 20-year history, the plant has implemented projects for the production of Ford, Lublin, Samand cars, which were supplied not only to the domestic market, but also abroad, in particular to Russia. And today cars of such brands as Zotye (models Z300; T600 2.0; T600 1.5), Peugeot (301; Partner; 508; 3008), Citroen (C-Elysee; Berlingo; DS4), Cadillac (Escalade; XT5) are leaving the assembly line and Chevrolet (Tahoe). At the same time, the main market is Russian Federation.
In the plans of joint venture Unison - new projects with global manufacturers and expansion of the range of cars produced. So, in the autumn it is planned to start assembling electric cars several modifications of different classes that will go to the Russian and Belarusian markets. Additional workshops will also be built, in particular welding and painting, which will make it possible to achieve more than 30% of the localization of production.
INVESTMENT - CHINESE, CAR - PEOPLE
The Belarusian-Chinese SZAO "BelGee" was established in 2011 and is located on the leased premises of the Borisov plant "Avtogidrousilitel". After the reconstruction, the capacity of the SKD-enterprise (large-scale assembly of cars) amounted to more than 10 thousand cars per year. At the end of March 2015, BelGee began construction of a full-cycle CKD plant, including welding, painting and assembly. The new production facility is located between Borisov and Zhodino and covers an area of more than 100 hectares.
After the completion of the first phase of construction in 2017, the production capacity of the plant will be up to 60,000 vehicles per year. At the CKD plant, for starters, it is planned to produce three models of Geely cars: Geely sedan EC7 (FE3) and two crossovers - Geely Atlas (NL3) and Geely Emgrand X7 (NL4). The first batch of 222 copies was assembled at the new plant in September this year.
The second stage of the project provides for an increase in production capacity to 120,000 vehicles per year. At the same time, it is planned to start production of engines on the territory of our country. internal combustion, which will allow BelGee to reach the 30% localization level by the end of 2017. And in 2018 it should already reach 50%.
In accordance with the business plan of the enterprise, 90% of the cars produced are planned to be exported, and 10% will be sold in Belarus. At the same time, it is expected that by the end of this year, a system to stimulate sales of Geely cars in the domestic market will be formed at the state level.
In addition, it is planned that from 2019, the production of electric vehicles can be launched at the new BelGee plant - up to 5 thousand units. The first experimental sample of such a car based on Geely SC7 was successfully tested in August this year.
