In a collision, the seat belt pretensioners wind the belts against the direction of the force vector. Behind
due to this, the gap between the body and the belt is reduced. Long before the passenger begins to move forward, it
already blocked automatic mechanism belt.
The tensioner retracts the seat belt up to 130 mm in length within 13 ms. If the force acting on
seat belt is greater than the belt tension force, the seat belt is no longer tensioned.
Depending on the design and principle of operation, the following types of belt tensioners are distinguished
security:
● ball tensioner
● rotary tensioner
● rack tensioner
● cable tensioner
Depending on the vehicle equipment, seat belt tensioners are installed or
only on the front seats, or also on the rear
seats.
Ball belt tensioner.
The ball belt tensioner consists of a compact module that also includes a belt force limiter.
security.
This seat belt tensioner is installed on the front and rear seats.
Operating principle.
The seat belt tensioner is ball operated. The balls are placed in a tube. In the event of a collision on a signal from the control unit
airbags, the expelling charge is activated.
If the expelling charge is ignited, the expanding gases move the balls and drive them through the cogwheel into the ball collection tank. Since the seat belt reel is firmly connected to the gear wheel, it rotates with balls and the belt is retracted.
Rotary belt tensioner.
The rotary seat belt tensioner works on the rotor principle.
It is installed mainly in the area of the rear seats.
Operating principle
The 1st cartridge fires electrically. The expanding gas turns the rotor. Since the rotor is connected to the belt shaft, the seat belt begins to retract.
After reaching a certain angle of rotation, the rotor releases the bypass channel to the 2nd cartridge. Under the action of working pressure in chamber 1, the 2nd cartridge is ignited. Due to this, the rotor continues to rotate. The burnt gas from the chamber 1 exits through the outlet channel.
Upon reaching the 2nd bypass channel, under the action of the working pressure in chamber 2, the 3rd cartridge is ignited. The rotor continues to rotate and the burnt gas from chamber 2 exits through the outlet channel.
Belt tensioner
The rack and pinion belt tensioner and the automatic retractor are one unit.
Rack and pinion belt tensioners are installed for the driver's seat and front passenger's seat.
Operating principle
At the signal of the airbag control unit, the expelling charge of the gas generator is ignited. Due to the release of pressure, the piston connected to the rack moves upward. Rack rotates both gears 1 and 2 with the help of a gear.
The gear wheel 2 is firmly connected to the outer ring of the overrunning clutch of the torsion
ala. If this outer ring now rotates, then the rollers
pressed inward until they are stuck between the outer ring and torsion shaft, due to which a force closure is achieved. The rotation is transmitted to the torsion shaft, and the seat belt begins to retract.
Cable tensioner for seat belt
The cable belt tensioner and the automatic retractor are one unit.
Cable belt pretensioners are installed for the driver's seat and front passenger's seat.
When the gas generator is activated, a gas mixture is formed, which inside the tube moves the piston upwards with the help of a cable connected to it. As a result of the tension, the cable fits snugly against the coupling connected to the shaft of the retraction mechanism, and rotates it in the direction of retraction.
No matter how it develops Automotive industry, one of the devices always remains in its original position. We are talking about seat belts, which are equipped with all seats cars. Our today's article will be devoted to the types, design and purpose of automotive belts.
What is a seat belt?
The safety belt is a passive safety device designed to keep vehicle passengers in their seats during a road accident or exercise. emergency braking. It is the belts that should prevent the contact of the human body, mainly the head and chest, with the solid parts of the body - the steering wheel, side pillars or windshield.
A bit of history. When did the first belts appear?
The mass appearance of safety belts in the passenger compartment falls on the 50s of the last century. The reasons for this were significantly increased speeds, which often led to traffic accidents with dire consequences for the people inside. During this period, the number of deaths from injuries sustained in accidents.
The first proposal for the installation of a seat belt was carried out by the French scientist Gustav Lebe. In 1903, he developed safety harnesses with a complex five-point device. The idea was not developed at that time, and, as a result, it was safely forgotten for several decades.
The Swedish engineer Niels Bohlin is considered the main inventor of modern safety belts. Developing safety systems for aircraft catapults, he designed a three-point seat belt, which, on his initiative, was used in Volvo cars.
Further evolution led to the emergence of new systems, a change in the number of static anchoring points, the emergence of various mechanisms, etc. There were also attempts to completely abandon car belts. This was due to the invention of special pillows, but their effectiveness without additional measures passive safety was low.
What are seat belts?
All car belts are divided according to the types of fasteners and actuation systems.
Mounts are of several types:
- Point-to-point. They are found only as medium belts on the back sofa, or in outdated models. domestic cars. Basically, this type of waist, reminiscent of the safety belts of aircraft seats. The second version of the two-point belts is diagonal, extending from top point fastening, located on the central pillar of the side of the car, to the lock installed in the area of the inter-passenger tunnel. In the case of a diagonal version, an additional waist belt is not provided.
- Three-point. This type is the most common. These belts are equipped with almost all modern machines. Three-point diagonal lap belts line up in a V-shape, which allows you to evenly distribute the energy of the inertial movement of the body between the chest, shoulders and pelvic area.
- Four-point. The main scope of this type of belts is sports models. Their seats are endowed with four attachment points. IN serial machines it is unrealistic to apply such solutions due to the lack of constructive adaptability.
- In addition to this, there are five-point And six-point seat belts, but they are not used in public cars. They are equipped exclusively with racing cars.
According to the principles of operation, belts are also divided into three types:
- Static. This is an obsolete type that modern cars does not apply. Such belts are an ordinary wide tape, strictly measured fixed length with the possibility manual adjustment. In the event of a trip, the straps are held in place by static anchor points.
- Dynamic. The belts of such a device have a special mechanism that ensures their pretension. With a smooth movement of the driver, it allows the belt to lengthen or rewind evenly, however, if it occurs jerk, the belt goes into a static position, tightly holding the motorist in the seat.
- Leading. The principle of operation of belts operating in advance has a fairly close interweaving with various systems car safety. A special electric motor is responsible for tensioning and holding such belts, the operation of which is regulated by a special control unit. Constantly reading readings from sensors of speed, acceleration, exchange rate stability and so on., control device determines the presence dangerous situations on road. If, according to the electronics, there are any, the system will pre-tighten the safety belts and statically fix them. After the car returns to the usual rhythm of movement, the "grip" will be weakened. Often, electric pretensioners of advanced belts are also supplemented with special squibs. They are fired in the event of strong vehicle impacts to hold the crew members as firmly as possible in their seats.
Why do you need to buckle up?
Stubborn statistics claim that seat belts can reduce the risk of severe and fatal injuries in a frontal impact by almost 2.5 times, during a side collision by almost 2 times, and during a vehicle rollover by as much as 5 times!
In the event of an impact, the bodies of all crew members must be preserved in their places. It does not matter at all on which row and on which side they are sitting. Agree, hit your head on the front panel or glass, break your limbs on the part interior decoration or stumble upon the transmission lever - the prospect is unpleasant.
In a frontal impact, the belts try to slow down inertial motion passengers, taking the main power load on the wide safety straps. In the event of rollovers and rotation of the car, an unfastened passenger will easily fly out of the passenger compartment and, in most cases, will be crushed by his own car.
The belt tightly presses the person to the chair, which also performs protective functions. For example, a headrest protects the head from injury, and the neck from fractures and dislocations. Enveloping lateral curves prevent damage to internal organs and ribs. The raised parts of the landing cushion will save you from pelvic injuries. You have probably seen how race drivers are “packed”. Their body is literally pressed into special bucket chairs, covering almost every part of the body of athletes with their body.
Conclusion
At the end of the article, we would recommend that drivers do not neglect seat belts. Do not comfort yourself with excuses about the inconvenience of using them. For the sake of saving your own life and maintaining health, it is worth suffering any costs. You should not rely on the Russian "maybe". Do not expect that in the event of an accident it is you who will be lucky. "Bloody" statistics, alas, suggests otherwise.
Seat belts are one of the best means passive protection. They prevent the body from moving during impacts and collisions. Enhanced Efficiency can be achieved through cushions built into the hard parts of the cabin.
Attention! The use of seat belts in the design of the car helps to avoid a number of serious injuries.
An interesting social video about the consequences of seat belts:
Types of seat belts
Automotive industry over 100 years of constant evolution. It is not surprising that during this time many unique designs appeared. It is most convenient to classify the types of seat belts according to the number of fixation points:
- point-to-point;
- three-point;
- four-point;
- five-point;
- six-point.
Most cars now have three-point seat belts. They have V arrangement, thanks to which it is possible to achieve an optimal distribution of energy in a collision.
Attention! For the first time, three-point seat belts were installed by engineers Volvo. This happened in 1959. The author of the development is Niels Bohlin.
Perhaps the most famous modification of such a device is the Belt-in-Seat design. In it, the shoulder part of the latch is attached to the back. The first to introduce this technology into production were representatives Mercedes. It happened way back in 1990.
The first car to be sold in the states with BIS technology was the Mercedes-Benz SL. This is a premium car, in which the comfort of passengers and their safety at that time reached an unprecedented level.
Attention! It is believed that BIS technology helps to avoid injury when a vehicle rolls over.
Two-point harnesses were the very first. True, a hundred years ago it was a simple rope stretched across the driver's belt. Interestingly, after such a long time, this technology is still used, however, in airplanes and for the back seats of cars.
Seat belts with four fixation points can be seen on sports cars. They provide more secure fixation body and much less comfort. Nevertheless, this technology is considered very promising. True, to install the structure in a car, upper mounts are required.
Five-point harness security has also found its way into the sports entertainment industry. They are also used in child seats. In fact, this is a whole set of belts, consisting of many straps.
Attention! One belt in a five-point design goes through the legs, two through the waist, and the same number through the shoulders.
The six-point design is basically the same as the five-point design, but there is another additional seat belt that goes through the rider's legs. As a result, this is the most robust design.
Separately, it is worth noting that technology does not stand still. New developments in the field of security are constantly being created. One of the most promising is the inflatable belt design. The principle of operation is extremely simple. As soon as an accident occurs, a special chamber is filled with gas. Due to the gas, the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe belt increases. This means that less load is created on the human body, due to a more rational distribution of mass. Also, this design provides additional protection in a side collision.
Attention! The gas cushion is built into the shoulder strap only.
In reality there is whole line interesting concepts which performed well in tests. These include Volvo SCC's criss-cross seat belt device. The 3+2 system deserves special attention. It was developed by Autoliv and provides enhanced rollover protection.
What is the seat belt made of?
The main structure of the seat belt consists of:
- straps;
- castle;
- fastening bolts;
- retractor.
For the production of straps is most often used synthetic material. The main requirement for him is high level strength. The seat belt retractor works on the basis of a ratchet mechanism. Emergency blocking occurs due to the sensitive element.
The basis of the sensitive element is a simple metal ball. When it moves, the coil is fixed by a system of levers. Some designs use a pendulum instead of a ball.
The device of the inertial seat belt can be viewed on the video:
Separately, you need to talk about the system responsible for the gradual tension of the tape. This is due to the flywheel. It is mounted on the axis of the coil. This is a small disk that makes the process smooth. But if an accident occurs, a jerk is formed, due to which the disk has to overcome the friction force. In parallel, there is pressure on the helical surface.
Attention! As a result of the actions described above, the disk is displaced and the ratchet is blocked.
The seat belt device helps to ensure the safety of passengers during collisions. But even they have a certain limit of effectiveness. At speeds over 200 kilometers per hour, belts will be of little use.
The bolts in the seat belt device are responsible for the secure fastening of the entire structure while riding. They are made of hard alloy that can withstand serious loads. Moreover, they are attached to the car frame to ensure maximum reliability.
Operating rules
At first glance, the seat belt is extremely easy to use. But there are certain nuances, the knowledge of which will allow you to use it as efficiently as possible.
First of all, do not overtighten the seat belt. Of course, this will provide a stronger fixation, but the risk of injury increases several times.
However, too little tension significantly weakens the braking effect of the seat belt device in the vehicle. There is a proven method that allows you to conduct correct setting. It is necessary to make such a tension so that you can put your hand under the belt, and there is a noticeable compression on the brush.
Attention! When setting up the device, it is necessary that you can easily reach all the controls of the car.
Do not, under any circumstances, fasten the harness in a twisted state! It won't provide right level fixation. Moreover, it will be simply inconvenient for you to drive a car.
An important rule operation is that after an accident occurs, the entire fixing device must be changed, including straps and bolts. There are several reasons for this.
Firstly, under strong tension, the tapes lose their properties and strength. Therefore, it is dangerous to continue using them. Secondly, complete replacement must be carried out every 5-10 years due to natural wear and tear.
Attention! Each brand of car is equipped with an original device for fixing the driver and passengers. Do not replace with a cheap analogue.
Operation of seat belts and airbags
As mentioned above, a pillow can only be effective in combination with braces. Moreover, if the driver is not fastened, the airbags may simply not work in the event of a collision.
The straps and the rest of the device, in fact, are one of the elements of the overall safety complex, which should save the life of the driver and passengers, as well as prevent injuries.
If you are not wearing a seat belt, the airbags can cause serious damage when deployed. The fact is that the impact force is not softened by anything, and this will make the collision very hard.
Statistics
If we take into account car statistics an accident, then a fastened shoulder strap saves in 70 percent of cases. In turn, pillows have proven their effectiveness in only 20%.
It is very important that absolutely everything in the cabin is fastened, including passengers in the rear seats. The fact is that with a strong impact, an unfastened passenger will randomly move around the cabin, injuring everyone else.
The use of seat belts can greatly reduce the risk of injury in a collision. Moreover, fastened shoulder straps can save lives. There are many designs that are installed in different types of machines. In most cases, manufacturers use a three-point locking system. Although more and more interesting alternatives are appearing, gradually being introduced into life.
The rating of the car and the demand for it in the market directly depends on what level of safety it has. At the same time, an important role in this matter is played by the main element of passive safety - the belt. To date, when creating a car, the most different belts security, which differ both in their functions and in their effectiveness. The history of their creation and use is very fascinating, but even more fascinating are the debates about whether belts should be used at all. All this will be discussed in today's article.
1. Who was the first to wear seat belts in cars?
First of all, it is worth noting that the belt in the car is an element of passive safety, which allows you to avoid serious injuries in the event of an accident. They are passive for the reason that neither the driver nor the passengers can control them. The belts are statically fixed in the lock, thereby preventing the human body from moving around the car. The first designs of seat belts were tested back in the 19th century, but the date of birth of the first full-fledged design of such a belt is 1907. Such a belt was created in the USA. In its features, the first belt was almost identical to those belts that are still used today. The only difference is that modern car seat belts are three-point, while the first designs were two-point.
The disadvantage of this kind of belts was that during a collision a person could be injured precisely from them (in this case, even the spine could be injured). In addition, the use of two-point seat belts in a car does not protect either the driver or passengers from the possibility of “flying out” into Windshield. For the first time, the Y-shaped belt was also invented in the USA, but only in 1951. The clasp of such a belt was on the stomach, but its first versions were not perfect.
First three-point belt with a high degree reliability appeared in 1957 in Switzerland, and it was with such belts that Volvo cars were supplied in those years. But soon such belts also had a drawback - the lack of dynamism, in connection with which each passenger had to adjust it to his own parameters.
Years of work on this issue allowed in 1970 to create the first dynamic three-point seat belt for a car. With a smooth tension, such a belt does not block movement, but with a sharp one, it holds the human body very securely. However, this time it was not without problems: if a person is dressed in a warm sweater, such a belt did not allow saving him from injury.
Then, in addition to seat belts, pretensioners began to be installed - special devices, which, after a collision, pull the passenger to the seat. This innovation has really reduced the likelihood of injury during an accident. The first pretensioners began to be used in the world only in 1987.
History of seat belts in the USSR
In the USSR, trends with the introduction of seat belts were not so progressive. It was only at the end of the 60s that the first Western samples of this security element came into the country, from which their own copies were copied. In particular, in 1969, the 412th Moskvich rolled off the assembly line, on which passive safety Western pattern.
It was only in 1973 that Soviet models of seat belts were used for the first time on traffic police cars in Estonia, which were developed by engineer L.O. Teder. As for implementation in the country binding rule on the use of seat belts, it only came into force in 1979.
2. Purpose and types of car seat belts.
The main purpose of the seat belt is to prevent and reduce the degree of injury to the driver and passengers of the car at the time of the accident. After all, if a person does not hold the belt with a strong impact, he can get serious bruises and fractures as a result of hitting the hard parts of the car interior.
But that's all functional features seat belts do not end. Also thanks to them:
It is possible to prevent the possibility of injury from the deployment of the airbag. The belt keeps the passenger in one correct position in which the airbag can really save;
During a collision, the passenger remains inside the car, although the force of the impact may throw him out and further injure him;
The difference between the speed of movement of the body and the car is reduced, thereby reducing the likelihood of injury.
Types of car belts
seat belts for long history existence have undergone many modifications, which is why today you can meet a large number of different types these parts of the car. In particular, according to the type of fastening, there are:
1. Two-point waist belts.
They are attached only in the waist area and are characteristic mainly only of old types of cars. On more modern cars, such belts are installed only on the rear passenger seats. Today two-point belts are installed only on the seats of buses and airplanes. They are not used in cars for the reason that with a strong blow they are able to separate the lap vertebrae.
2. Three point harness diagonal-belt type. They are a single belt strip, which is attached at three points at once, which helps to prevent the spread of energy from an impact to the body of the passenger and driver. Their difference is that they attach to the back of the seat not only the lumbar part, but also the shoulder part.
3. Four point harness designed for sports cars.
4. Five-point - for sports cars and child seats. Such belts also have a "knee" part, which is attached to the passenger's belt between the legs. These belts also provide for the presence of two shoulder belts.
5. Six-point - for sports models auto. They have a strong resemblance to the previous type, but differ in an additional belt that runs between the legs. According to experts, this solution does not bring a significant increase in passenger safety.
6. Seven-point harness, which is used only on sports types aircraft.
Through various experiments, other types of seat belts were also invented. But all of them, for one reason or another, were not put into mass production:
- belt "criss-cross" - in case of a strong blow, a "strut" remains on the passenger's chest;
- 3 + 2 - a belt that combines three- and two-point seat belts at once, helps protect against injury in a side collision or rollover. Not used for the same reason as the criss-cross belt;
Four-point in the form of suspenders - has proven itself poorly due to the fact that its base is attached not to the car body, but to the seat.
3. Why use an airbag if there is already a belt?
It should be understood that in any accident, the car is hit three times at once:
1. A blow that falls directly on the car body.
2. A blow that is transmitted from the body to the body of a person, as a result of which he hits the interior of the cabin.
3. An impact that occurs inside a person's body when internal organs hit each other and the skeleton.
Fortunately, it is thanks to the design of the car and such safety features as belts and pillows that it is possible to soften the blow that falls on the human body. In particular, modern cars are able to literally converge "into an accordion", leaving the driver and passengers intact. Of course, after a strong blow, restore vehicle It will be very difficult, but at the same time, the accident can do without casualties.
In such a situation, the only question arises: why then airbags, if the people in the car are also protected by seat belts? Everything is not so simple, because even with a belt there is a possibility of a strong collision between the human body and the cabin body. Often, the belts simply break, the impact force pulls out their locks, and the person still hits the front body of the cabin. In addition, with a strong impact, even belts can cause injury.
However, if in such a situation the airbags work in time and correctly, injuries, in principle, will not threaten a person. However, pillows cannot act as a single element of passenger and driver safety. After all, what is the use of them if, after the impact, the passenger was literally thrown out of the car? Thus, seat belts and airbags must necessarily work in tandem.
4. Are there situations where a seat belt is not needed?
Oddly enough, but there are many situations in which even experts recommend neglecting the use of seat belts. These situations include the following:
- movement on ice or ice crossing. Since in such a situation there is a risk of falling through the ice, it is better not only to forget about the belt (it will definitely drag you under water along with the car), but even open the door so that in case of danger you can quickly jump out of the passenger compartment;
When driving on pontoon bridges that are not durable. The explanation here is the same as in the previous paragraph;
When the vehicle is moving at low speed under conditions limited visibility. This may be a situation where a very dense fog or smoke covers the ground. In this case, it is also necessary to be alert and do everything possible to get out of the car very simply and quickly;
When the driver has practically no opportunity to maneuver on the road, and he again moves at a very low speed.
5. Myths about seat belts and the benefits of using them.
Despite the fact that above we have listed a number of situations in which it is really worth abandoning the use of a seat belt, many drivers disdain it for other reasons. Unfortunately, there are a number of myths among car enthusiasts that car seat belts do more harm than good. Let's try to debunk them:
1.
Belts bring only discomfort. If you are accustomed to constantly driving without a belt, then buckling up can really make you feel uncomfortable. However, if you have been taught to buckle up since childhood, then without a belt in a car you will be uncomfortable.
2. If you have an airbag, you don't need a belt. We debunked this myth a little higher. Do not forget that without a belt, the pillow is also capable of delivering a strong blow.
3. If the car catches fire, the seat belt will not allow you to get out of the passenger compartment. This really happens. However, if there is no belt, then a person is unlikely to have the strength to get out of the car, since injuries resulting from an accident can make him immovable. But if he remains intact, then rescuers or even bystanders can pull him out of a burning car.
4. During a collision, it is much better to be thrown out of the passenger compartment than to remain seated. Of course, there are times when a person is thrown out of the cabin, and at the same time he remains unharmed. But in 3 out of 4 cases, such people are injured even more than if they had remained in the cabin. Moreover, if the belt did not protect passengers from hitting the windshield, they could not only get head injuries, but also break their spine.
5.
Belts can cause irreparable injury. In some cases, people can actually get injuries to the cervical spine. However, for this, the impact force must be so large that without a belt, a person would be injured many times more seriously. Thus, the degree of injury in the presence of a belt should be considered as less significant.
6. At low speed the need for a belt is eliminated. Practice shows that even if the car is moving at a speed of some 30 km / h and at the same time it collides with an obstacle weighing up to 1 ton, its injuries will still be serious. But if a seat belt is used in such a situation, only the car will suffer. It is especially important to be seated in the event that the collision occurred at an angle. It is also worth noting that often collisions occur at a relatively low speed - up to 65 km / h.
7. When traveling a short distance, you do not need to buckle up. Surprisingly, according to statistics, 75% of accidents occur at a distance of up to 40 km from the parking lot. That is, even if you went to the store, you are still at risk of getting into an accident, which makes mandatory use seat belt.
8.
On back seat no need to buckle up. Do not forget that even in a fastened state, you can get injured, so even in the back seat it is still better to use seat belts. In some cases, passengers in the back seat receive very serious injuries, since they can also be thrown out of the windshield from the impact.
9. Belts are a barrier to getting out of the car through the window. It often happens that the driver already during the movement begins to realize the likelihood of an accident. According to some motorists, if he is not seated at this moment, he will have the opportunity to throw himself out of the car. Unfortunately, in such situations, drivers get much more serious injuries than if they remained in their place with their seat belt fastened.
10. Belts do not allow free movement inside the cabin. If we were only talking about old-style belts, then it would really be impossible to raise an argument here. However, modern seat belts give absolute freedom of movement, which drivers and passengers carry out smoothly. They work only when a person makes very sharp movements.
11. If an adult is wearing a seatbelt, he cannot hold the child in his arms while riding. In fact, it is very dangerous to practice this, because even at a speed of 30 km / h, a 7-kilogram child will survive an impact force of 135 kg and easily fly out of the hands of an adult.
12.
Seat belts cannot save a life. Indeed, often belts save more from injury than from death. But do not forget that injuries resulting from an accident are often fatal, although with a belt they could have been avoided.
13. Sitting behind the driver is as safe as possible, so you don’t have to wear your seat belt. Practice does not support this assertion. According to experts, the safest place is in the back in the middle, but even sitting on it, a person is very likely to fly out through the windshield.
Having listed the most common myths about seat belts, we can only conclude one thing: this belt may not be able to protect against injuries, but nevertheless, over the entire period of the existence of cars, such a simple device has helped save the life of more than one person. Try to be that person in the event of an accident. In addition, do not forget about the fines that the driver and passengers will have to pay for driving without fastened belt security.
How to repair a wedged belt in a car in 10 minutes without removing it entirely.
What does wedge belt mean? Over time, the seat belt mechanism begins to wedge, that is, it does not allow you to pull the belt out of the reel, even when you pull it very slowly, and fastening quickly in winter becomes a real problem.
The problem is simple and can be solved in ten minutes without leaving the car.
On the passenger side, I have already carried out such an operation, now I present a photo report on the repair of the driver's belt.
Tools and materials
Phillips screwdriver, short
- slotted screwdriver
- wrench on "17" box
- clothespin stationery
- a plastic bag or a piece of film - to protect the seat from dirt
- a steel knitting needle or a piece of hard wire
- syringe with tube*
- gasoline "Galosh" or gasoline for lighters * (if in a canister with a small spout, then a syringe is not needed)
Using a short Phillips screwdriver, unscrew the 4 self-tapping screws of the lower lining of the middle column and remove the lining by pulling it up.
Using a 17 key, we unscrew the bolt securing the belt coil and remove it from the bracket.
Holding the belt from winding, we fix the belt on the reel itself with the same clothespin.
Fixation of the belt is necessary for the convenience of further operations.
Next, we cover the seat, for example with a plastic bag, so as not to get it dirty,
we put a coil on it, and Sami we change to the next one.
Now we need a cover under which inertial mechanism. Usually it is thicker (in the photo it is on the left), but you can
and shake the coil - under which the lid will rattle - that's what you need.
To remove the cover, you need to remove 4 plastic pistons from it - Squeeze them out with a knitting needle,
holding them with your hand from flying out.
Pry off the cover with a slotted screwdriver and remove it.
The first belt mechanism opens in front of us (It is removed freely, with fingers) - This is a box with a cylinder, with a ball inside, and a "rocker arm".
We check the rocker arm - is it free on the axis of rotation? Having placed the "rocker" vertically, we tilt its upper part towards the ball.
It should take a vertical position quickly and without the slightest jamming!
If there are jammings, then we wash the axis of rotation of the "rocker"until it begins to rotate on the axis absolutely freely!
In the center of the notched hole is an eccentric with teeth (which jams the belt when pulled out sharply) the space under which needs to be cleaned. To do this, pour a little gasoline around the perimeter of the hole and a little into the center, holding the belt from winding for a while, remove the clothespin.
We take the coil in one hand so that we hold the plastic guide with the spring with the index finger, and with the other we tighten and wind the belt several times and pull it sharply several times so that the mechanism engages. After that, we fix the belt on the reel again and repeat this operation 1-2 more times.
