Renting a demolition excavator is currently a popular and relevant service, widely used in a large metropolis and its region.
What is this special equipment?
Specialized transport, with the help of which the safe dismantling and dismantling of buildings in emergency condition is carried out. This method of dismantling is appropriate only in cases where it is impossible to demolish a certain structure in another way. Undermining is a prime example of this.
Demolition excavator, rental and its features
This special equipment has the main working body, namely an arrow. The latter is driven by powerful hydraulic cylinders.
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Depending on the manufacturer, the described excavators can be supplied on tracks or wheels. In any case, the working booms of building demolition machines are an order of magnitude longer than standard working elements. Often they are represented by three sections instead of two sections characteristic of many specialized devices.
N. Protasov
In recent years, our cities, especially their centers, have been actively rebuilt. Industrial enterprises are transferred from the central regions to the outside of the city, old, dilapidated residential buildings give way to modern "skyscrapers". And although demolition can sometimes seem like a simple operation, removing a multi-storey building located in a densely built-up urban area can only be done using special equipment.
Sometimes it's harder to destroy than it is to build
To demolish a low building with free access to it, not adjacent to buildings whose damage is unacceptable, is quite simple. This can be done with explosives, as well as a very common method in our country - by hitting a massive metal core hanging on a cable. The cable, in turn, is usually attached to the boom of a crane or excavator. Metal structures can also be disassembled into fragments quite simply with the help of a crane and a gas cutter.
But what about reinforced concrete buildings with a height of 60–70 m? How to dismantle a high-rise building, given that when destroyed, it can harm nearby residential buildings and their residents, as well as violate the integrity of numerous communications laid near and under the demolition object? Here the performer must decide: choose the safest path and involve excavators-destroyers, or risk using a cheap explosive "scenario".
But situations are very different: sometimes it becomes necessary to demolish only part of a high-rise building. There are cases where an industrial building to be demolished has an unconventional center of gravity, such as reinforced concrete tanks at the top of a tall structure. Or, inside the structure to be demolished, there are communications or equipment fixed to the elements of the building, and this equipment must be preserved.
The use of modern technologies means, especially in urban conditions, not demolition, but only the dismantling of buildings. So, using excavators-destroyers, it is possible to dismantle even in the conditions of existing production! This means that work can be carried out in explosion and fire hazardous conditions, as well as in conditions that do not allow significant dynamic or static force effects.
Without significant ground vibrations, without huge clouds of dust and excessive noise, with the maximum preservation of those components of the building that can be used later, demolition excavators do their job accurately. And sometimes the operators of such machines have to approach the tasks very creatively.
Volvo excavators are popular in Russia, and deservedly so
Founded in Russia in 1997, the Demolition Association is today one of the largest organizations among enterprises involved in the dismantling of large construction projects in the North-West of Russia. For the first time, 5 excavators for demolition were purchased from Volvo CE by the association back in 2006, and today it already has 31 excavators from the Swedish company in service.
Volvo machines are designed to work in the most adverse conditions. Model EC 380DHR, which has a dead weight without counterweight and additional equipment is 48.9 tons, participates in the dismantling of a variety of objects, using the ability to lift the demolition tool to a height of more than 21 m. The mass of another excavator, Volvo EC 480 DHR, is 61.3 tons. dismantling works at a height of 27 m or more.
It should be noted that from special machine for demolition, Volvo excavators can be easily converted into “classic” excavators. No more than half an hour, using a hydraulic modular connection, is required for the operator to replace the extended boom and stick with standard ones.
Of course, the ability to quickly “turn” increases the popularity of Volvo CE excavators. Buyers are also attracted by the technological solution, which consists in fixing the main components and assemblies exclusively with bolts and nuts. It is much easier to replace a particular component in case of wear or breakage than when a permanent weld is used.
Models are powered economical engine Volvo D13 with 290 hp (mod. EC 380DHR) and 360 hp (mod. EC 480DHR). Significant power and the original design of the motor made it possible to reduce the cycle time by 8-10%. Productivity has been improved by increasing the rotation speed of the turntable to 10.3 rpm, accelerating the execution of movements and increasing the accuracy when executing commands by the working bodies. In cars, the speed of the tracked chassis has increased to 5.3 km / h, powerful main drive also enabled the EC 380DHR/ EC 480DHR to climb grades up to 35°.
The cab of the excavator has the ability to rise with a slope of up to 30 °. Good insulation of the interior of the cabin reduces the noise level around the machine, created by the operation of the equipment, from 106 to 73 dB(A) in the cabin, and also reduces dust in the workplace. In addition, the cab is FOPS protected as standard. The ability to extend track spacing by up to 150mm for greater stability improves working conditions and increases productivity. It also provides for the protection of the bottom of the machines with powerful steel plates. At the request of the client, hinged guards can also be installed to prevent the caterpillars from jumping off and protect the lower supports of the rollers and caterpillar tracks from damage.
The Demolition Association's latest purchase was an 88-tonne Volvo EC 700CHR. The excavator is equipped with a Volvo D16 engine with a capacity of 424 hp. Demolition work is carried out with the EC 700CHR at heights of up to 32m, the highest "altitude figure" in the Volvo HR series.
Liebherr excavators: French design plus German quality
Liebherr is one of the leading manufacturers of demolition excavators in the world. The company's offer includes demolition excavators weighing from 31 to 108 tons with engines ranging from 203 to 322 hp.
Liebherr excavators, from the smallest Liebherr R934C to the largest Liebherr R974 C, are characterized by their unique stability and the quality of their components. This is largely due to the fact that all the main elements of Liebherr working equipment are produced exclusively at the company's enterprises.
Liebherr demolition excavators are multifunctional machines. Versatility is evidenced by the use of such innovative solutions,
like the Liebherr Likufix system, with which sticks of various lengths can be connected very quickly to the main boom, without the operator even having to leave the cab during installation. As a result, the same machine can be used both for demolition and for the subsequent loading of construction waste into dump trucks or crushers.
The powerful chassis guarantees long operation. The company's specialists pay great attention to the safety of work, all Liebherr demolition tools are equipped with highly reliable safety devices, both passive and active protection. The Liebherr Demolition Control (LDC) system operates very effectively, which monitors and analyzes in real time the position of working tools, the load acting on them, and the stability of the machine. In the event of critical situations, the LCD system automatically blocks the movement of the boom, providing protection to both the operator and the excavator.
One of latest models, equipped with a device for quick installation of attachments, mounted on the boom handle, was the R954 C Litronic excavator. In the version with hydraulically adjustable track, which is set in the range from 3.4 to 4.7 m, the excavator is designated R954 C VH-HD. The machine copes well with the demolition of buildings in dense urban areas, although it is not easy for a large excavator to maneuver. The R954 C is 12.2 m long and 3.7 m wide. The large cab windshield is made of armored glass and the cab can tilt up to 30° during operation. The excavator works at a height of up to
41 m, so without a special cabin it is difficult for the operator to control the progress of work.
In the development of the R954 C Litronic, Liebherr worked closely with the designers of Liebherr-France SAS. The crawler excavators of the C-series Litronic are characterized by quiet and smooth engine operation, which is explained by the low nominal speed of 1800 rpm. The R954 C Litronic is powered by a Liebherr 8-cylinder diesel engine with 536 hp.
Liebherr offers its customers demolition vehicles with various equipment and several versions of the basic crawler chassis. In particular, the R954 C Litronic demolition excavator is produced in several modifications with a boom design that makes it possible to carry out dismantling work at a height of 27; 30.5; 34 and 41 m. The working height is achieved by connecting in various combinations a powerful demolition boom 11 m long, an extension and two types of handles 3.5 and 7 m long. Depending on the configuration, the weight of the machines can range from 72.6 tons to 108 tons. In the latter case, reinforced chassis, a 25-ton counterweight is installed, there is a powerful fence for the cab and the supporting part of the boom.
Hyundai excavators are reliability, stability, efficiency
Hyundai Heavy Industries Construction Equipments presented its first demolition excavator at Intermat 2009. The machine performed well. As a base for these excavators, one of the most powerful Hyundai tracked chassis is used -
R800LC-7A with 0.5m longer track base than standard chassis. This technical solution provides increased resistance to longitudinal overturning.
The 83.3 t Demolition series comes standard with a vertically rising cab, which certainly helps the operator sitting in the cab to control the progress of the demolition. In addition, a track extension mechanism is installed, due to which the stability of the machine increases markedly. Hydraulic distribution on the boom allows you to install a rotator and hydraulic hammer on the handle.
One of the first buyers described Hyundai excavators was Steenkorrel from the Netherlands. She used the machine to load construction waste into dump trucks. Excellent protection of the cabin and radiator from dust, powerful protection of machine elements from the physical impact of pieces and blocks found in construction debris, as well as a 517 hp Cummins engine. - all these factors ensured high productivity, the R800LC-7A excavator is capable of loading 900 tons of construction waste per hour!
Today, in the lineup of Hyundai demolition excavators, mods are attracting the attention of buyers. R320LC-9/DM weighing 42.6 tons with a maximum working height of 21.3 m, as well as mod. R520LC-9/DM weighing 57.5 tons, designed for dismantling work at a height of up to 30 m. In the R520LC, the excavator boom 13.75 m long is connected to a 2.72 m arm, to which an 8-meter extension is already attached. Thus, the radius of the working area exceeds 14 m. basic configuration a bucket with a capacity of 2.8 tons is installed on the excavator. The design provides for the possibility of increasing the distance between the tracks, and for the convenience of the operator, the cab has the ability to rise with an inclination.
Doosan demolition excavators never fail
Doosan Infracore Con-struction Equipment (DI CE), like Hyundai, also has Korean roots. But after the acquisition of large brands, in particular the American company Bobcat Ingersoll-Rand Company Limited in 2007 and the Norwegian Moxy Engineering AS in 2008, as well as a number of other European enterprises, after creating a production base of more than 20 plants dispersed in South Korea, USA, Europe, Vietnam and China, with a worldwide network of 3,500 dealer companies, Doosan Infracore is a multinational corporation with annual sales of more than $12 billion, claiming the third place in the world after Caterpillar and Komatsu in terms of construction equipment production.
Since the main activity of the enterprise is the production of special equipment, it is quite logical that a significant part of production program"dedicated" to demolition excavators - Doosan produces 6 models. The lightest, mod. DX 300LC-A Demolition, has an operating weight of 34.5 tons. Engine with 197 hp. provides lifting tools for dismantling building structures using a boom and a 2-section handle to a height of 18 m.
The DX340 LC-A Demolition model is somewhat more massive, it weighs 44.8 tons. The design of this machine allows you to work at a height of up to 21.5 m. A powerful Doosan S420 LC-V Demolition excavator weighing 51.8 At a height of 25 m, the S470 LC-V Demolition excavator with a 312 hp DE 12TIS engine does an excellent job of demolition.
Another model, S500 LC-V Demolition, thanks to its working length of the boom of 16 m and a maximum working height of up to 28 m, is used not only for the demolition of various structures, but is also used as a forest loader. This machine is also effective during the loading of scrap metal.
One of latest developments The company's engineers have become a 70-ton model DX700 LC, which uses an Isuzu engine with a capacity of 469 hp. By connecting the main boom to various stick lengths, the operator of the DX700 LC excavator can work attachments for demolition at heights up to 37 m.
Customers choose Doosan products for their simple and reliable designs, wide operational capabilities and a high level of work safety. The excavator cab can be tilted up to 30° with the help of hydraulic cylinders, for which an additional hydraulic line is allocated. To increase the reliability of the hydraulic equipment, hydraulic locks are installed on the cylinders of the stick and boom, an additional set of hydraulic lines is laid, designed to connect a hinged full-turn crusher.
The e-EPOS electronic power optimization system coordinates synchronous work hydraulic systems and engines. Thanks to the presence in Doosan excavators With this system, the operator can set the standard or enhanced mode of operation, depending on the complexity of the work performed. In addition, the e-EPOS system automatically reduces speed when the load drops, stores a report on the operation of machine units in electronic memory, even monitors the intervals between oil changes and maintenance, and reminds the operator of the deadlines.
The swivel bushings used in the joints of the boom and arm, arm and bucket, etc., are made of highly plasticized metal, which is sprayed with a ceramic coating. This innovative solution significantly extends the lubrication intervals of the swivel joints. The junctions of the caterpillar tracks are also hermetically isolated from the influence of external factors.
Hitachi is one of the leading manufacturers of demolition excavators.
According to representatives Japanese company Hitachi Construction Machinery, part of the financial and industrial group Hitachi Ltd, every fifth excavator in the world is manufactured by Hitachi enterprises.
If we consider Hitachi demolition excavators, then one of the most purchased models is the ZX470LCH weighing 55 tons. The use of a powerful boom and stick allows the operator to demolish buildings up to 28 m high. .5 m, a hydraulic demolition tool weighing up to 3.5 tons can be used. With a short boom, this model can perform the functions of a conventional excavator for earthmoving. Mounting attachments significantly facilitate the couplings available in the design for quick connection of high pressure hoses. Without outside help and in a short time, the operator can change the boom or mounted unit. All demolition shovels, from the compact 26.7 t ZX 250LCK-3 to the ultra high mod. The ZX1000K, which weighs up to 105.7 tons, is equipped with reinforced booms made from Weldox 700 special steel and the like. This allows you to confidently perform work with a massive mounted hydraulic tool at full boom reach.
Hitachi demolition excavators weighing more than 40 tons show new approaches to demolition problems, these machines are distinguished by high productivity and maneuverability. Model ZX350LCK weighing 42.9 tons can work with hydraulic shears and hydraulic grippers weighing 2.5 tons at a height of up to 21 m.
Hitachi's ZX480LCK and ZX1000K ultra high-rise demolition excavator models hold the record for high-altitude demolition excavators. With the advent of such machines, the possibilities of demolition companies have expanded significantly. Objects that have not been demolished for years due to the impossibility of using explosive technologies, with the help of Hitachi excavators, disappear from the face of the earth quickly and accurately. In addition, the extended chassis of these machines minimizes ground pressure. In mod. The ZX480 LCK uses a 3-section boom with a vertical reach of up to 25m, while the ZX1000K demolition excavator uses a boom with a maximum working height of up to 40m and a horizontal reach of 22.1m.
All Hitachi demolition machines feature a high level of operational safety and numerous innovative design features. In particular, slowdown valves are built into the hydraulic system to ensure quick and safe lowering of working equipment that performs dismantling at maximum height. Even in the event of a rupture in the hoses connecting the hydraulic system to the boom hydraulic cylinder, the boom will not fall, since there are hydraulic locks that will prevent the hydraulic oil from flowing out. When the safe angle of inclination of the boom is exceeded, an audible warning is triggered, and a brightly luminous “beacon” installed on the cab warns others about the turn of the platform.
However, it is very difficult to disable the pipelines and valves of the hydraulic system in Hitachi excavators: the running frame is protected by a powerful casing, the reinforced casing also protects the turntable, and the boom hydraulic cylinder and high pressure hoses leading to it are reliably protected by the fence.
Created by Hitachi designers and conditions for highly efficient work of the operator. A rear-view camera, glazed yet secure roof, 30° tilt cab capability make working at height easier, while centralized equipment lubrication and the use of high-pressure quick couplings reduce labor and save time spent on equipment maintenance . Even reliable communication between the operator and other participants in the workflow has been thought out, for which there is a microphone in the cab connected to the loudspeaker.
Case Demolition Excavators - Unrivaled Japanese Quality and Reliability
Case has partnered with Japanese heavy machinery specialist Sumitomo for over 25 years to develop a complete range of crawler excavators ranging from 8 to 80 tons. Case excavators, carried out in Japan, has not been affected by relatively recent natural disasters and continues uninterruptedly, based on the highest standards of quality in design, procurement, assembly and testing inherent in all engineering industry Japan. Reliability and high performance characteristics Case excavators are recognized in all world markets, including Russia.
The base models of Case excavators used in high-rise demolition work are the HRD CX370B and HRD CX470B. The HRD CX370B with a curb weight of 40t is equipped with a 202kW Isuzu engine and allows a maximum drift height of up to 20.5m with a maximum forward reach of 11.15m and a working tool weight of up to 2500kg. The 50t HRD CX470B, powered by a 270kW Isuzu engine, has a maximum drift height of 27.15m with a maximum reach of 14.25m and a working tool weight of up to 3,000kg. Such parameters with a margin cover the needs of most sites where work is underway to destroy buildings.
Case HRD (High Reach Demolition) base models are equipped with tilting cabs that provide not only complete comfort and visibility when working at high altitudes, but also complete protection and operator safety in this potentially dangerous works. For added stability on the jobsite, the HRD CX470B is equipped with an extendable chassis that provides more footprint, making it easier to transport the machine when in the stowed position. An additional means of increasing safety during work at height is to limit the angle of rotation of the body relative to the longitudinal axis of the undercarriage within 30 ° to the right and left. The impeccable strength of the work equipment also guarantees Case's ultimate safety.
To avoid downtime on expensive equipment, Case provides two additional configurations on its HRD models: a backhoe configuration that replaces high-rise demolition elements with a standard boom, stick and bucket, and a demolition configuration that uses a straight boom and stick to mount demolition tools. In the backhoe configuration, the customer receives an excavator for general earthmoving. In the demolition configuration, the customer, using a hydraulic hammer or shears, can continue to demolish the building, destroying and crushing the debris not at a height, but directly on the ground, which is much safer. To facilitate the transition from one configuration to another, Case provides hydraulic quick couplers between work equipment components, special self-sealing hydraulic group connectors, and many other devices. Complete re-equipment is carried out by two skilled workers within 1.5–2 hours.
Complementing Case's range of high-rise demolition excavators is the 85-tonne HRD CX800B, powered by a 397 kW Isuzu engine, capable of demolition up to 40 m. Demolition tasks up to five stories tall are easily handled by standard Case excavators when equipped with demolition tools.
The superior quality and efficiency of Case excavators is determined not only by the impeccable choice of materials and manufacturing processes, but also by the unique electronic control algorithms implemented in the Case Intelligent Hydraulic System (IGS), which, by optimally matching the actions of the engine, hydraulics and operator, provides huge fuel savings with unsurpassed smoothness and precision of all working movements, which ultimately determines the overall high productivity and low operating cost of the machine. The GCI controls various energy-saving and control-improving systems, for example, a system for reducing engine speed when lowering the boom, a system for reducing speed when the control joysticks are inactive, a system for redistributing hydraulic power in hull turn operations, a pressure control system for digging operations, etc.
Qualitatively carried out dismantling in many respects reminds construction. Of course, conventional excavators are not suitable for dismantling construction sites - demolition work, as a rule, takes place in extremely difficult conditions, and specialized machines are needed for this. The demolition excavators discussed above not only destroy objects, but partly solve the emerging problems of recycling construction waste.
At the same time, according to experts, in most Russian cities the problem of demolition of buildings is irrelevant or is being solved in the old fashioned way, and active programs for the dismantling of construction sites operate only in a few cities, and we are talking mainly about the demolition of dilapidated and dilapidated housing and, in some cases, demolition "Khrushchev". That is why our industry does not yet see the point in creating demolition excavators. Well, that's a pity.
After preparing the building for demolition, which is carried out by workers using manual equipment, the dismantling of the object as such begins. It can be divided into three stages: mechanized demolition of the building, sorting of waste, crushing of concrete, reinforced concrete, bricks and other construction debris. In conditions of dense urban development, the technology of disassembling a building manually is often used, using tools small mechanization: wall saws and drilling machines, crow cutters, petrol cutters and so on. But this is a long and laborious process, so the use of special equipment with attachments, if possible, is always preferable during dismantling. In this article, we will look at several types of machines and equipment traditionally used to demolish buildings and recycle construction waste on site.
EXCAVATOR-DESTROYER, aka DEMOLATOR
The main character on the site where the construction site is being destroyed is a caterpillar excavator. It is he who, equipped with appropriate attachments, is involved in most stages of the process - from demolition to sorting of construction waste. Yet its main function here is destruction; that is why such equipment is called a demolition excavator or demollator, from the English demolator. The demolator differs from its creative counterparts primarily in the increased length of the boom, which is directly proportional to the power of the machine. Optionally, the demolator can be equipped with additional devices safety is a plus to those that a modern crawler excavator has.
By and large, there is still no unified system of criteria on how exactly to define a destroyer excavator. Some companies, in addition to those listed above, highlight the maximum possible weight of attachments at full reach as important technical characteristics of these machines, others - the maximum possible working height, and so on.
Versions of excavators with an extended boom, with which it is convenient to reach even relatively remote parts of the object being destroyed, are produced by such world-famous manufacturers of special equipment as Volvo, Komatsu, Doosan, Hyundai, Case, Liebherr, CAT and others. Some manufacturers, along with an elongated demolition boom, additionally equip their excavators with a conventional digging boom - such as the Volvo EC460CHR High Reach model. Her destructive arrow has a length of 27.4 meters (with a handle). As the manufacturer assures, if necessary, one arrow changes to another within half an hour. The rubber-damped cab doors of the devastating version of this machine are twice as thick as the conventional version. The weight of the demollator is 48.87 tons without a gun and 61.76 tons with a gun. The engine power of the excavator-destroyer is 245 kW, the breaking force is 311.6 kN. Max weight attachments with which the machine is capable of working is 3 tons. The speed of the excavator is 5.1 km/h. The excavator can be equipped tracked chassis with variable track width. The model began to be produced in 2009 and as a specialized demollator excavator has earned great popularity in different countries.
Some manufacturers of demollators equip their machines with original monitoring and control devices. For example, the Liebherr Demolition Control (DLC) system on Liebherr brand demolators ensures the stability of the machine in any position of the boom, work zone which is 360°.
ATTACHMENT FOR DISMANTLING
A few decades ago, to destroy buildings, together with an excavator, the so-called woman was used - a heavy metal ball on a chain or steel cable, which was swung with an arrow and aimed at one place or another of the building. Such a practice required not only a large free space, but also a truly virtuoso skill of the operator. Today, a wide range of attachments are used to destroy construction sites, allowing you to reduce any construction site, from roof to foundation, to a pile of rubble, with the lowest possible noise level. These are crushing buckets, hydraulic hammers, hydraulic shears-concrete breakers, vibratory hammers and various grippers. Since we spoke in detail about attachments for an excavator in No. 70 of our magazine, here we will only briefly dwell on those varieties that are used for dismantling and subsequent sorting of construction waste.
The bucket as the basic tool of the excavator is capable of performing a considerable part of the dismantling work. Especially strong, massive buckets weighing from 600 to 2100 kg are more often used to destroy construction objects. The material from which they are made is 10KhSND steel (hardness 250 HB) or Hardox 400 steel (hardness 400 HB). To increase the strength and wear resistance of buckets, the so-called body kit made of stronger and more wear-resistant steels is often used. There are many manufacturers of excavator buckets in the world: Hitachi, Komatsu, Caterpillar, Hyundai, Daewoo, JCB, Volvo, Liebherr, Kato, Kranex, Kovrovets, Tver excavator.
A special crushing bucket is able to break concrete or reinforced concrete already in the process of demolition. Such buckets are either rotary or jaw. In the first, crushing is carried out when the material hits the rotors rotating towards each other. In the jaw bucket, the material is destroyed by the impacts of approaching cheeks, one of which is motionless, while the other approaches it and moves away due to the connecting rod. A large selection of buckets, both crushing and universal, designed, among other things, for the secondary destruction of materials (it will be discussed below), is offered by ALLU Finland Oy.
Hydraulic hammers perform the most difficult work during dismantling, destroying monolithic and very dense objects. They can work not only with an excavator, but also with a loader or tractor that has a hydraulic system. When working with powerful crawler excavator the useful realization of the efforts of this equipment is maximum. Light hydraulic hammers inflict relatively weak frequent blows, crushing thin structures and large fragments of buildings, heavy hydraulic hammers hit less often, but with greater force, destroying large concrete structures up to the foundation. Structurally, hydraulic hammers are divided into membrane and piston, depending on the gas-locking design. Membrane hydraulic hammers are more difficult to manufacture and more expensive - but their focusing capabilities and productivity in general are much higher. Among the famous manufacturers of hydraulic hammers are Rammer, Montabert, Furukawa, Krupp, Soosan, Impulse, Delta, Hummer and a number of others. The hydraulic hammer, being itself a type of attachment, is equipped with its own working tool - these can be longitudinal or transverse wedges, a conical peak or a chisel.
Hydraulic shears, they are also concrete breakers, processors or crushers, are used during the dismantling of buildings both in primary work, for example, when dismantling a structure, and in secondary work, such as cutting scrap, destroying and grinding concrete and reinforced concrete. Most popular brands of this equipment are american caterpillar, South Korean MaxPower, French Arden, and Italian Delta.
The hydraulic shears used today are much more perfect than those that were produced 5-10 years ago. Hydraulic shears allow you to quickly separate pieces of destructible building structures from each other, cutting steel parts and reinforcement instead of gas welding. Models with cutting forces up to 740 tons are able to cut steel parts up to 70 mm thick, such as I-beams. Hydraulic shears cut accurately, accurately and very quickly. This saves work time and reduce the risk of injury to workers. Enterprises specializing in the field of attachments for special equipment strive to offer their customers the most possible choice similar weapons. Thus, the Tradition-K company offers specialized and universal hydraulic shears with replaceable and quick-detachable jaws for primary and secondary destruction of concrete and reinforced concrete, as well as for cutting sheet and profiled metal. This equipment has a European quality mark and is manufactured in Italy under the well-known Russian brand Delta.
The second type of hydraulic shear is called a multiprocessor; the word "multi" in this case indicates a large (more than two) number of jaws. Such equipment cuts reinforcement, participates in both primary and secondary (to obtain smaller fractions) destruction of concrete. An operator working with a multiprocessor can change jaws for various purposes (up to six types). So, if primary destruction is performed, jaws with a large number of teeth are installed to crush concrete, brick and other materials that make up the outer walls of buildings, columns and the foundation of a building. The multiprocessor brings the structures down, then the operator changes jaws - and the tool cuts steel beams, rebar, channels, cables and angles into segments that are convenient for transportation and remelting. Multiprocessors can be equipped with petal-shaped jaws. Some multi-processors equipped with combi-cutter jaws can simultaneously break concrete and cut rebar and steel building structures without changing the jaws. The ability to move the jaws individually, independently of each other, allows you to crush or cut material, even if it is not located very conveniently for cutting. The Rotary Multi-Processor was a tool that revolutionized the entire demolition industry by quickly and accurately positioning the jaws into the optimum cutting position without additional movement of the excavator. The aforementioned company "Tradition-K" offers Italian multiprocessors with interchangeable jaws of the Delta MF series, as well as Delta MK with a unique patented mechanism of quick-detachable jaws. The mass of multiprocessors can vary from 400 to 5500 kg, and the cutting force can reach 1100 tons. Their installation is possible on excavators of any weight - from 3 to 110 tons, which allows you to perform a wide range of tasks. increased complexity. compactness, high performance maneuverability and simplicity Maintenance throughout the entire period of operation allow them to confidently lead in the ranking of the most popular attachments.
Grab grabs, as well as other types, strictly speaking, are not tools of destruction. With their help, the dismantled parts are collected and loaded into vehicles or a crushing plant. There are a lot of types of grippers, of those that interact directly with the hydraulic system of the excavator; grabs with two or more blades or teeth are most often used. A clamshell bucket or a bucket with a lid is also used, acting on the principle of a palm and thumb pressing a building fragment against it. Grabs and other grips manufactures whole line famous companies specializing in the manufacture of special machinery and equipment, including Atlas, Rozzi, Hammer, Impulse, Delta.
In addition to attachments, various autonomous devices and devices are also used to destroy construction objects. So, for the destruction of powerful foundations and reinforced concrete monoliths half a meter or more thick, special systems rupture - hydrowedges. This method is safe and virtually silent, it is completely under the control of the operator conducting the wedging - while the power of impact on the monolithic parts of the structure is incredibly high. The algorithm of this work looks like this: hydraulic wedges are inserted into the holes specially drilled in the monolith, linings are installed along the wedges on opposite sides, the hydraulic station gives pressure to the pistons that these linings push apart, and they press on the monolith with a force of tens of tons - as a result, a rupture occurs, destructive concrete and reinforcement. Further work is carried out with a hydraulic hammer or manual class demolition equipment.
Note that in the destruction of buildings, in addition to specialized equipment, they are widely used construction machines broader profile. Same front loader with an extended boom, it is able not only to work with a number of attachments described above, but also to collect construction waste for further loading into a crusher or a dump truck body. And those working from hydraulic system special equipment vibrators are capable of not only driving, but also extracting piles, pipe structures, sheet piles. Thus, a vibratory driver from one of the world's most famous manufacturers of this equipment, Delta VM 550, weighs 1,500 kg and operates at a frequency of 2,500 rpm, coping with piles weighing up to 1,400 kg, while the insertion / extraction force is 22,500 kg.
SECONDARY DESTRUCTION
The dismantling of construction objects is intended not only to destroy the structure of the building, but also to utilize (and ideally reuse) construction waste. Even if the construction debris is simply taken to a landfill, it must have a high bulk density in order to maximize the use of the entire volume of the dump truck body. For this, building debris is subjected to grinding. If construction debris is to be further used, its sorting takes place in the process of secondary destruction: concrete chips, parts of reinforcement and other materials are separated from one another and taken out of the work site separately. For this, crushing buckets with a magnet, sorting buckets and hydraulic shears-grinders are used.
Shredders, pulverizers or processors, which are attached to the boom or to the excavator handle, are a type of hydraulic shears that has one curved jaw, which is convenient to rake debris. It can be both stationary and rotating.
Screening buckets operate from the hydraulic system of an excavator or other special equipment. The process of sorting construction waste inside them occurs due to the rapid movement of sieves (which are consumables, but their varieties made of high-quality Hardox steel can last quite a long time) or due to the operation of the rotors on the principle of a meat grinder. The soil in the bucket mechanism is separated from construction debris, then both received materials are immersed separately. A whole line of crushing and screening buckets, as well as grinders manufactured under the Delta brand, is presented among the offers of Tradition-K.
In addition to crushing buckets for the secondary destruction of materials during the dismantling of construction sites, they are widely used as mobile crushers. different types(jaw, rotary, etc.), and whole crushing plants and crushing and screening complexes, if the volume of materials to be crushed makes their use appropriate. Such a careful approach to the disposal of construction waste in many countries of the world, including Russia, is dictated by considerations of both ecology and economics. Secondary crushed concrete, for example, into which most of the dismantled objects are converted, is widely used for arranging crushed stone bases for floors and foundations of buildings; for asphalt concrete pavement of roads of all classes; as a coarse filler in concrete with a strength of 5-20 MPa; in the production of concrete and reinforced concrete products; when dumping temporary roads; when filling under all types of sidewalk paths; when filling under parking lots and paved areas; to replace the soil when backfilling; under the foundation base, as well as in landscape work. At the same time, crushed stone obtained by crushing concrete is not much inferior in quality to crushed stone obtained from natural stone, but in production it is significantly cheaper. Concrete is an artificial stone, and the higher the strength class of crushed concrete, the higher will be the strength of the secondary crushed stone obtained from it.
If the construction objects to be dismantled are large enough, powerful equipment such as the Russian MPR-1500, manufactured by NPP Obukhov Industrial Company from Nizhny Novgorod. The abbreviation in the name of the model stands for "press-destroying machine." This is a whole complex of units and mechanisms capable of destroying substandard materials such as reinforced concrete products, fragments of brick buildings, and so on. After separation from the reinforcement and spilling through the grate, the material is fed to the press table by a pusher moving along rails mounted on the grate table. Then the already destroyed material goes to the receiving equipment (conveyor), and the reinforcement - to the receiving tray. After that, large pieces of concrete enter the crusher for further grinding and then - to the screen, for sorting into crushed stone and sand.
It should be noted that although the MPR-1500 complex is a fairly large-sized equipment that, if necessary, can be transported in separate parts, its installation does not require complex foundations and pits - usually it is enough to have a site for mounting the machine - leveled, concreted or with laid road slabs. But the use of such equipment in the immediate vicinity of the construction sites to be dismantled is rather rare, which can be justified by the especially large size of the buildings to be demolished and the corresponding volume of construction waste. In most cases, mobile crushers and crushing buckets are used for secondary destruction.
STRUCTURE DEMANDING BY EXPLOSION AND OTHER NON-MECHANICAL METHODS
Finally, let's recall another, more radical way of destroying buildings than mechanical, with the help of special equipment and equipment. This is the destruction of structures and arrays by a directed explosion.
A directed explosion destroys, as a rule, high-rise buildings, towers, pipes, standing a few tens of meters from other buildings. For such destruction, in the object already prepared for dismantling, an explosive is laid in the boreholes and sleeves, and then the explosion is remotely carried out. As a result, a through lining up to a third of the object is formed along the perimeter of the structure. Thus, the entire object, falling on its base, is destroyed.
The most important technological feature of this option is that the structure collapses exclusively inwards. This makes it possible to avoid excessive clogging of the surrounding area.
Although the explosion itself and the collapse of the object take a matter of seconds, this moment is preceded by the analysis of the documentation for the object, the study of the building and the identification of load-bearing structures. Then careful calculations are carried out, the relevant documentation is prepared; the longest stage of the process is obtaining all the necessary permits and approvals from various authorities for dismantling.
When everything is finally agreed, the building itself is being prepared. In the places specified in the project, holes are drilled for the explosive, which is connected with numerous detonator cords to a remote control, from which the explosion is carried out. Further, operators of special machinery and equipment are taken for the secondary destruction of the fragments of the structure. The cost of blasting is quite high, in addition, the preparation of the relevant documentation is quite troublesome. Therefore, the destruction of building objects by a directed explosion is resorted to only when demolition by any other method is simply impractical.
Sometimes a permit for dismantling by explosion is simply not issued. This applies to the dismantling of historical buildings and architectural monuments, as well as objects located on the territory of nature reserves. It is often not possible to reach an agreement with the owners of nearby houses and high-rise buildings if they are not sure that their property will not be damaged during blasting. If, however, all the controversial points were nevertheless agreed upon, and all the required permits were obtained, almost any destruction of an object by a directed explosion is an impressive, very spectacular event, video reports of which are usually provided to the customer and often posted on the Internet, collecting thousands of views.
For parts of buildings located in the ground, as well as for the destruction of box-shaped structures and tanks, a hydraulic explosive method of dismantling is used. Its peculiarity is that the space of the hole free from explosives is filled with water or clay solution. The spread of fragments with this method of detonation is significantly less than with a conventional explosion.
If we talk about other non-mechanical methods of dismantling building objects, in addition to explosive, we should also note the thermal method of destruction of monolithic structures, based on the use of a powerful heat source in the form of a high-temperature gas stream or an electric arc. The device used to cut concrete and reinforced concrete is called an oxygen lance. With its help, the material is melted by the combustion products of iron in an oxygen jet. Oxygen during this process enters the combustible pipe in an amount sufficient for combustion and removal of slag from the structure being cut.
Another method of destroying monoliths made of concrete and brick, rubble concrete and masonry is electrohydraulic. It is based on the use of EGE - an electro-hydraulic effect installation. This method involves the use of the physical effect of high pressure water hammer, which, when electrical discharge occurs in a limited volume of liquid located inside a previously prepared hole. Due to the discharge in the liquid, a powerful shock wave arises, which acts on the nearby part of the monolith and destroys it.
The most low-cost, but at the same time the most time-consuming way of destroying building objects is to allow them to collapse on their own, under the influence of time. The Internet is full of photographs of abandoned buildings and picturesque ruins from different times. However, nature, as you know, does not tolerate emptiness - and it may happen that, leaving the building, people will soon find that it is occupied by such forms of life, the neighborhood with which they do not like at all.
Methods for dismantling buildings are determined by the terms of reference, the state of structures, and technological conditions. This is the possibility of delicate disassembly by hand or quick demolition or explosives.
Price for dismantling and demolition of industrial structures and buildings
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Type of work |
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Industrial dismantling |
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Dismantling of factory buildings |
negotiable |
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Dismantling of workshops |
negotiable |
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Dismantling of machines and units |
negotiable |
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Dismantling underground parking and parking |
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Dismantling of industrial buildings |
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Pavilion dismantling |
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Dismantling of buildings from the foam block |
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Pipeline dismantling |
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Dismantling of the road slab |
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Dismantling of a military unit, boarding house, sanatorium |
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Dismantling of floor slabs |
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Dismantling of the elevator, farm, cowshed |
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Dismantling of asphalt and porous concrete |
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Dismantling of pipes and towers |
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Dismantling the water tower |
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Dismantling the water tower |
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Dismantling the chimney |
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Dismantling the chimney |
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Demolition of the brick tower |
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Construction of temporary roads |
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Construction of a temporary road from slabs |
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Construction of a temporary gravel road |
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Construction of a temporary road from recycled materials |
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Methods of dismantling, demolition of buildings, structures, metal structures
Organized and conducted in three ways:
- complete or, commercial construction by hand with minimal use of heavy, mechanical devices;
- attracting heavy special equipment, or hydraulic jets;
- use of explosives.
The choice of dismantling method is determined by the specification of the structure, its condition, technical and technological feasibility. This implies conducting expert studies that provide recommendations regarding the choice of technology for the demolition of the building. Under certain conditions, methods can be combined.
Dismantling buildings manually
This method of dismantling structures is most often used for the demolition of small buildings with limited opportunities for the operation of equipment. Also, manual dismantling is used when it is necessary to save building materials or dismantle only part of the building.
In such work on the dismantling of buildings, manual pneumatic tools are used.
Price for demolition and dismantling of houses depending on the area m2 (sq.m.)
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Meters / rub. |
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The price includes only the dismantling of the house Containers are paid separately as they are used (we order from the nearest landfill to you), Foundation dismantling, considered separately, minimum order 10,000 |
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Particular attention is paid to the safety of personnel. All specialists undergo targeted briefings, are provided with overalls and personal protective equipment. The territory adjacent to the building should also be prepared. This is the installation of fencing and warning signs about the danger. The building itself is disconnected from electricity, gas and water supply.
Attention!
Manual labor is widely used in the dismantling of metal structures. Here the coordinated work of equipment and workers is important. Such interaction can be provided by ProgressAvtoStroy professionals.
Demolition of buildings with the help of machinery
The use of equipment for the dismantling of buildings significantly speeds up the demolition process, but causes the formation of blockages from construction debris. To ensure the safety and speed of work, the waste must be promptly. Therefore, the demolition of buildings requires the use of a variety of techniques:
- equipped with hydraulic shears or hydraulic hammer;
- Rope, disk machines for the demolition of buildings;
- frontal, bucket loaders;
- truck cranes;
From the choice of equipment for the demolition of buildings, its functionality depends on the speed and safety of the work. The company "ProgressAvtoStroy" is able to solve technical problems of any complexity. Our experienced specialists will develop a rational project for the demolition of houses and other types of buildings, competently implement it.
Price demolition and dismantling of metal structures
Price demolition and dismantling of reinforced concrete structures and reinforced concrete objects
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Type of work |
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Dismantling of reinforced concrete structures |
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Dismantling of reinforced concrete fence |
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Dismantling of concrete blocks |
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Dismantling of the reinforced concrete fence |
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Dismantling of reinforced concrete walls |
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Dismantling of reinforced concrete supports |
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Dismantling of concrete, reinforced concrete pipes |
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Dismantling of bridge structures |
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Bridge dismantling |
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Monolithic concrete structures of increased strength (dense reinforcement) such as bridge supports, tower crane foundations |
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If necessary, for the effective implementation of the tasks, along with the equipment, workers are involved in the disassembly. Often they perform an auxiliary function individual elements structures, coordinate the work of excavators, cranes, loaders of special vehicles.
Use of explosives
Explosives are used for the demolition of high, dimensional residential or industrial buildings. This technology is associated with a danger to life, property of people, requires the most accurate calculation of the power and location of the charge, therefore it is not used in dense urban areas. The difficulty of using explosives to demolish buildings is also subject to serious legal restrictions.
They are distinguished by high efficiency, the downside here is the high level of dustiness and the need for a long analysis of debris from construction debris.
Advantages of cooperation with ProgressAvtoStroy
We value every client, his time and material resources, so we approach problem solving professionally. For this, there is a staff of qualified specialists,. Reliability is ensured by strict technical control, the speed of information processing, performance of work is guaranteed by modern logistics. Good faith implies the fulfillment of agreements in full.
The customer is guaranteed qualified information support, transparent pricing, loyal, flexible terms of interaction. Each item of expenditure is justified, each ruble of the client is invested in efficiency, accuracy, and safety. You can contact us to discuss the terms of cooperation by phone or via e-mail.
