Overtaking is easy if you follow the rules. Traffic rules: overtaking

12.04.2019

Each driver in his automotive life can't move:

exclusively on a straight road;
at one speed;
without manoeuvring.

Most often, you just have to perform various actions - turns, turns, movement in reverse and other maneuvers.

All of the above elements are normal and natural conditions for the driver's activity. Therefore, the rules provide whole line special modes of movement or use vehicle, as well as situations in which the driver must comply with certain traffic rules.

Among the most important modes and situations, the following stand out:

advance;
overtaking;
stop;
parking;
forced stop;
let;
organized transport convoy;
organized transportation of a group of children.

Let's talk about them in more detail.

rebuilding

Perhaps the most common type of maneuver performed by the driver is rebuilding. The rules define it like this.

Definition from the SDA (clause 1.2):

« rebuilding"- leaving the occupied lane or occupied row while maintaining the original direction of movement.

In their driving practice, drivers (especially those living in big cities) cannot move in only one lane (or in one row). They are forced to rebuild from one lane (row) to another.

The purpose of the restructuring may be different.

for class extreme provisions before turning, turning;
to get ahead or overtake;
for a detour (for example, obstacles);
to make a stop or stop, etc.

At first glance, rebuilding may seem like a simple and elementary maneuver. But in reality this is not so. It is important to remember that when changing lanes, the driver is most often obliged to give way to vehicles that are already moving in the lane into which he is going to change lanes. And this rule is very often violated, which leads to an accident.

Therefore, the desire of the driver to take another lane for traffic must be preceded by a clear conviction that the indicated lane is free, and by his actions he will not interfere with those vehicles that move along it without changing their direction of movement.

It is important to remember that violation of the rules of rebuilding in a dense traffic flow is one of the causes of conflicts on the road and, of course, an accident.

What is overtaking, advancing and detour

If the driver is not satisfied with the speed of the vehicle moving in front of him, then he, as a rule, decides to get ahead of him. The rules govern this situation.

Definition from the SDA (clause 1.2):

« Advance» - the movement of the vehicle at a speed, more speed accompanying vehicle.

Leading is most often associated with rebuilding from a lane or a row.

Traffic rules know two types of advance:

1) actually advancing - without leaving the lane (side of the road) for oncoming traffic;

2) overtaking - an advance associated with the exit to the lane (or side of the road) for oncoming traffic.

This issue is fundamental, because violation of the rules of overtaking is severely punished Russian legislation- a fine of 5000 rubles or deprivation driving license for a period of 4 to 6 months.

Properly qualifying overtaking (or lack thereof) will thus help you avoid serious legal trouble. What is "overtaking", according to traffic rules? For the driver, this knowledge is a priority.

Definition from the SDA (clause 1.2):

« Overtaking"- ahead of one or more vehicles associated with the exit to the lane (side of the carriageway) intended for oncoming traffic, and subsequent return to the previously occupied lane (side of the carriageway).

This definition is very capacious, and it requires additional commenting.

Overtaking is a maneuver that is performed exclusively using the oncoming lane - driving into it. This the most important criterion overtaking.

Let us make some remarks clarifying the concept of "overtaking".

1. The driver should not confuse "clean" lead and overtake.

Overtaking is always associated with the exit to the "oncoming" - oncoming lane or the side of the road that is used for oncoming traffic. That is why the concept of "overtaking" should be associated with the concept of "oncoming" by the driver.

The main rule that will allow the driver to protect his rights in front of an unscrupulous traffic police officer is: “If there was no exit to the oncoming lane, then this is not overtaking!”. And the punishment for overtaking will be an illegal action of a traffic police officer.

2. The driver should not confuse overtaking and detour.

The problem here is that the Rules don't personalize or give us the concept of "detour". Therefore, the driver must use the concept of "detour" when qualifying common sense and logic.

Overtaking is a maneuver associated with the advance of moving vehicles. A detour is carried out only in relation to a fixed object (and not necessarily a vehicle).

This is also a matter of principle, because the penalties for violating the rules of overtaking and the rules of passing (with driving into the oncoming lane) differ significantly.

A similar regime for the awareness of other road users is provided by the installation on a transport vehicle of a special identification sign - "Transportation of children". It is exposed in front and behind the vehicle.

Drivers approaching such a vehicle picking up or alighting children are subject to special requirements: they must slow down and, if necessary, stop to allow children on the road to pass.

Summarize

Special driving modes, special ways of using the vehicle and special situations are a normal phenomenon both in the practice of road traffic and in the activities of the driver. As a rule, they all require the motorist to know the special rules provided for by traffic rules.

Thus, the rules of overtaking and advancing are regulated by the 11th section of the Rules, stopping and parking - by the 12th, etc. This is a testament to the importance and complexity of such modes, and the driver must be prepared for this.

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Driving into the oncoming lane in areas where it is prohibited by traffic rules entails prosecution under Article 12.15 of the Code of Administrative Offenses, which provides for punishment in the form of deprivation of the right to drive. Before making any maneuver, the driver must clearly understand what exactly he is doing - overtaking or ahead.

Overtaking- advance of one or more moving vehicles associated with the departure from the occupied lane. Advance made without leaving the occupied lane. Consider a typical case: A road with a wide shoulder has one lane for traffic in each direction, these lanes are separated by a solid marking line 1.1. The driver of the truck in front notices a car behind him and shifts to the right, perhaps even pulling over to the side of the road, turns on the right turn signal, thus indicating the intention to let the car pass. Convinced of the safety of the maneuver, taking into account the width of the carriageway, the driver of the car makes an advance ahead of the vehicle in front. After 500 m, he is stopped by a traffic police inspector and charged with a violation, which consists in driving into the oncoming lane in order to overtake. It is not known what the dispute with the inspector will lead to, but prepare to draw up a protocol on administrative offense extremely important. The first thing to do is write down the number truck which you are ahead of.

Inspectors rarely take the trouble to stop witnesses and never do so unless they are sure that there is no offense on the part of the stopped driver. It is clear that from a distance of 500 m or more, and in some areas even from 300 m, it is impossible to objectively determine what exactly the driver did - overtaking or ahead of time, and also to establish the fact whether the exit into the oncoming traffic lane was made as a result of the maneuver. As you know, visibility is affected by terrain, weather and, in the end, the vision of a traffic police inspector. If an advance was made, and the car that you were ahead of was not stopped by the traffic police and its driver was not involved as a witness, then you will have to act on your own. As a rule, such violations are imputed on the highway, therefore, you can almost always try to catch up with this truck after drawing up the protocol and get written explanations from it - fortunately, driver mutual assistance still exists. In addition to explanations, which will include all the driver's details, including a contact phone number, it is necessary to take a photo of this truck against the general background of the route in order to identify the section.

In the city, on different sections of the road, there is a quite typical situation in which two cars fit freely on the same lane. The advance is made at the moment when the car on the right moves to the side of the road or sidewalk. Registration of an offense, which in fact did not exist, occurs according to the scheme described above. In the first and second cases, it will not hurt to carry out another procedure - measuring the section of the width of the carriageway in order to confirm the possibility of the location of two vehicles following in passing direction, on the same lane, both with and without curbing. According to SNiP 2.05.02-85 " Car roads"The width of the lanes is determined by the category of the road and can be 3.75 m, 3.5 m and 3 m. "Technical means of organizing traffic" states: "The width of the marked lane must be at least 3.00 m. It is allowed to reduce the width of the lane intended for traffic cars, up to 2.75 m subject to the introduction necessary restrictions driving mode".

Knowing which car you overtook without entering the oncoming lane, indicate in the protocol that measurements of the width of the carriageway were carried out in the presence of traffic police. Support these data with photographs or videos, as well as the signatures of witnesses, among whom may be relatives, friends or passengers of the car you drive. Another feature should be considered, in which the driver is charged with leaving the lane intended for oncoming traffic - that is, overtaking in the area of \u200b\u200bsign 3.20 "Overtaking is prohibited." Frequent situation: road section under reconstruction. The road is wide - we visually establish that there are at least two lanes for traffic in each direction. There is no markup. At the entrance to the site there is a sign 3.20 "Overtaking prohibited". The driver of a car moving in the extreme left lane is stopped by the traffic police and accused of violating the requirements of the road sign 3.20 "Overtaking is prohibited", while they also persistently threaten to deprive them of their rights, for example, extorting a bribe.

Unfortunately, based on the clarifications of the resolutions of the Plenum Supreme Court RF, inspectors interpret the indicated maneuver or trajectory as a violation of the requirements of road sign 3.20 "Overtaking is prohibited" and draw up protocols qualifying the violation under paragraph 4 of article 12.15 of the Code of Administrative Offenses. There is no need to talk about the illegality of such qualifications, but I would like to note that this is done only partly consciously due to the need to fulfill the quantitative indicator according to the protocols, and partly due to illiteracy: inspectors' ignorance of traffic rules is a long-established fact! However, how to behave in similar situation? It is necessary to understand and establish the position of behavior in court under such circumstances. In a situation where there is no marking, the driver must be guided by clause 9.1 of the SDA, that is, determine the imaginary center line separating traffic flows. But what is it - an imaginary center line? For the inspector it is one, for the driver it is another.

It is necessary to establish that the number of traffic lanes is more than one in each direction and that the exit to the oncoming lane during the maneuver is not performed. Pay attention to how you got into the zone of action of the sign 3.20 "No overtaking". If a wide road is not narrowed and a sign suddenly appears while you are driving in the leftmost lane, continue driving. Overtaking does not take place. We are talking about advancing (overtaking is associated with leaving the occupied lane, and advancing is carried out without leaving it). In this case, even bringing to responsibility under Article 12.16 of the Code of Administrative Offenses will be considered unreasonable. If the protocol under paragraph 4 of Article 12.15 is nevertheless drawn up, take mobile phone or a camera and take pictures of a section of the road, offer the traffic police officer to block the flow of vehicles to measure the width of the entire pavement. If the protocol is drawn up, draw a diagram showing the lanes and the movement of your vehicle.

It will be necessary to attach photographs to the case file, while making sure that one of the photos clearly shows a traffic police car with a license plate. Sign 3.20 "Overtaking is prohibited" is valid until the first intersection or, if it is installed in a settlement where there are no intersections, until the end of this settlement. Paragraph 1.3 of the SDA obliges drivers to know and comply with the requirements of signs and markings. Usually sign 3.20 is installed on sections of roads with poor visibility of oncoming traffic, and the zone of effect of the sign in this case is determined by the length dangerous area. Very often, the sign "End of coverage area" or "Removal of all restrictions" is installed literally 50 m before the intersection. The driver starts overtaking, makes it at the intersection itself and completes it again in the zone of action of the sign 3.20 on a solid marking line. In this case, it is necessary to consider the entire section and determine the presence or absence of other road signs informing the driver.

The sign must be installed at a height of 1.5 to 3.0 m on the side of the carriageway outside settlements . If the sign is installed at a lower or higher height, this is a violation of the requirements of the standards. It is because of these violations that you simply could not see him, therefore, prosecution will be considered illegal. A 5-centimeter discrepancy is already a violation of the law, because a strict range is defined and cannot be violated. One of the indications for installing sign 3.20 is that it is installed at the beginning of the coverage area, and for cars moving in the oncoming lane, the zone where overtaking is allowed should begin in the same section, that is, sign 3.21 or "End of zone" should be installed all restrictions. So, if the sign is installed outside the zone limited visibility, as well as in case of violation of the requirements for its installation, including due to its partial or complete damage, be guided by the laws, rely on regulatory legal acts, with which you can prove the absence of an administrative offense.

The driver can also rely on the Road Safety Act.
Article 22
1. Activities for the organization of traffic should be carried out on the basis of the integrated use technical means and structures, the use of which is regulated by the current Russian Federation standards and provided for by projects and schemes for organizing traffic.
4. The unified traffic procedure throughout the Russian Federation is established by the Rules of the Road, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.
Article 30.2: State supervision and control is carried out in order to ensure compliance with the legislation of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, rules, standards, technical standards and others normative documents in the part related to road safety.
Thus, control over compliance with GOST is fixed as one of the main duties assigned to traffic police officers. In general, this indicates that the inspector is obliged to know exactly how the sign 3.20 "Overtaking is prohibited" should be installed in accordance with GOST, and in case of detection of violations committed during its installation, record this fact. The same employee is obliged to ensure the uninterrupted, safe and unhindered movement of vehicles. Therefore, upon detection of a sign installed in violation of the requirements of GOST, he is obliged to unload carriageway, allowing the overtaking maneuver both by the method of traffic regulation and by obliging road service set temporary road sign allowing overtaking in the area. If the inspector has begun to draw up a protocol on an administrative offense against you, do not be too lazy to recall that by his actions he creates an offense under Article 12.35 of the Code of Administrative Offenses.

Article 12.35. Illegal restriction of the rights to drive a vehicle and its operation.
The application to owners and drivers of vehicles, other road users of measures not provided for by federal law, aimed at restricting the rights to drive, use a vehicle or operate it, - entails the imposition of an administrative fine on citizens in the amount of two thousand rubles; for officials - twenty thousand rubles.
And you can measure the dimensions with a conventional telescopic ruler. The fact confirming the verification of the telescopic ruler indicated in the protocol will not be in the case file, nor will there be a copy of the certificate for this remedy measurements. In the first case, it becomes unclear whether the data indicated on the bar correspond to the number of meters, centimeters, millimeters, whether a possible error is indicated, and in the second case it is generally impossible to establish the manufacturer of the ruler. When taking measurements, they usually do not involve witnesses and attesting witnesses who are able to confirm the fact that metrological control (measurement) is carried out using this particular measuring instrument - this is a big plus for you. Even if such persons are involved, what exactly will they be able to confirm besides the fact of the measurement itself? In addition, any device used for measurement must be approved and included in the list or register of measuring instruments for use by the traffic police, as well as individual officials responsible for road safety.

The rules of the road are often changed regarding the permitted behavior while driving. Recently, there have been amendments regarding the rules for advancing and overtaking.

When studying at a driving school, cadets are faced with such a definition of overtaking as:

advancing vehicles with the use of exit to a number of oncoming traffic, and then, with a return back.

Overtaking features:

It is a kind of advance. But the latter, at the same time, does not always act as overtaking.
During overtaking, there is always a departure into the lane for the oncoming traffic.
After the end of the maneuver, the car must return to its lane.

It is worth noting that when the road is two or more lanes, the car, overtaking other vehicles, takes the lead.

Concept difference

To understand how these concepts differ, you need to know that lead is:

the movement of a vehicle that has a higher speed than passing vehicles;
this will be the case if the maneuver is performed within the same lane, that is, there is no crossing of the broken line;
also, the case when the car drove into the oncoming lane, but did not return to the previous one, will be considered ahead of time.

The difference between these values is fairly obvious.

That is, when overtaking, the motorist enters the lane along which the oncoming traffic flows, and in case of advance, all maneuvers occur within one part of the road.

Also, distinctive feature of these concepts, there will be the fact that passing cars can overtake both on the right and on the left. But, as a rule, such a ride will be prohibited. On the roads, a prohibition road sign is very often installed, which informs that overtaking or passing on the right is prohibited. As for the advance, there are no special restrictions for it.

When is overtaking prohibited?

In order for the movement on highways to be as safe as possible, you need to follow the rules and adhere to the permissible speed limits. But often, moving cars in front drive too slowly, then the driver has a desire to go to the next part of the road, get ahead of the slow motorist and move faster. But is it always possible to do this legally?

Cases when overtaking is prohibited:

When signs prohibiting this maneuver. This means that doing it will be extremely dangerous.
In the event that the vehicle in front turned on the light signal indicating a turn. In this case, in order to avoid a collision, it is necessary to wait until the motorist completes his maneuver, and only then change lanes.
If the driver of the vehicle that is moving behind has started to overtake, it is necessary to let it pass, and only then, after making sure that the road is clear, start the maneuver.

Driving in the opposite lane, ahead of other vehicles, is prohibited on railway crossings, intersections, sharp turns in the road, on slopes, in tunnels.

In addition, there are other places where these actions are prohibited. There are special signs indicating the prohibition, and also, this road markings in the form of a double solid line.

These activities are also prohibited pedestrian crossings when people cross the road. The driver will violate traffic rules if he overtakes on the bridge, or the area under it, as well as in areas where there is insufficient visibility.

When the rules don't forbid being ahead?

It is not uncommon for drivers to break the rules and cross the double solid line. In this case, they face the imposition of penalties. In addition, the actions taken can lead to the creation of an emergency.

Therefore, motorists should know when this maneuver is allowed and how to perform it:

The time for the maneuver and the distance to the vehicle ahead in the oncoming lane are correctly calculated.
When the vehicle is as close as possible to the vehicle in front, the turn signal is turned on and advance is performed.
The manipulation will take a small amount of time, and the car will again be returned to its lane.
When the maneuver is completed, it is necessary to turn on the right turn signal, thereby warning other road users of your intention to return to the previous lane.

Overtaking on the right

Driving along the roads right-hand traffic, drivers should understand that passing vehicles is only allowed on the left side.

With regards to overtaking right traffic rules, prohibits such a maneuver. This is due to the fact that in this case, the movement will be made on the sidewalk or roadside. And this is a violation.

An exception is the case when the vehicle moving ahead has turned on the left turn signal, and is waiting for an opportunity to perform the action, under these circumstances, the motorist can legally make a detour on the right.

Penalties for violations

Sometimes city roads or highways are too crowded with vehicles that drivers go to various tricks to get ahead and continue moving faster.

But the violation of the rules, which turned out to be fixed, promises the motorist a fine.

If we are talking about driving on the side of the road, you will have to pay material compensation in the amount of 1,500 rubles.
If the detour was made in violation of the rules and exit to the lane of the opposite direction, where there are prohibitory signs or markings, then the driver may be imputed penalty for the payment of monetary compensation in the amount of 5000 rubles.
And for driving on tram tracks, the offender can be deprived of their rights, or they can also be fined up to 5,000 rubles.

Recently entered into force traffic rules changes concerning all drivers without exception. Autoinstructors emphasized that the main amendments are related to the rules of advance and overtaking.

What is overtaking?

Agree that from such a distance it is simply impossible to objectively assess the situation, but it is also more expensive to argue with the inspector.

In this case, you will be issued a protocol. It is recommended to write down the number of the vehicle, in our case it is the tractor that you overtook, and even write down its contact details, so that you can later call the court as a witness. A similar story can happen not only on the highway, but also in the city. Two cars will completely pass along one lane, and the one that travels on the left performs an advance, but does not enter the oncoming lane. Registration of an offense here (although you, in fact, did not commit it) occurs in exactly the same way as described above.

Video footage of what can happen when ahead:

Good luck on the road and be extremely careful!

The article used an image from the site avtohod.ru

So, first of all, it is worth finding out what these concepts mean. Leading is the movement of a vehicle at a speed that exceeds the passing transport. Such a maneuver is carried out within its lane.

Overtaking is the advance of one / several vehicles with the exit to the oncoming lane and the indispensable subsequent return to the original lane or side of the carriageway. I must say that overtaking is not always traffic violation. If the road markings allow and there are no prohibition signs, such a maneuver will be carried out according to the rules.

What is the difference between overtaking and overtaking

What is the difference between overtaking and overtaking? From the point of view of traffic rules, these are fundamentally different terms. First of all, it should be said that, due to its characteristics, overtaking is the most dangerous of maneuvers. In all cases, it is associated not only with the advance of passing vehicles, but also with maneuvering in left side with exit to the "oncoming lane" or the adjacent lane, with a mandatory subsequent return to the original lane. Overtaking must be treated with particular care - the Rules of the Road provide for a large number of when it is prohibited.

Advance - a maneuver that is performed within its own side of the carriageway, and at a speed exceeding the speed of a passing vehicle. When making an advance, it is not provided for the departure to the oncoming lane and the indispensable return to the previously occupied one.

The main difference between overtaking and overtaking is that the first is possible both on the right and on the left. In addition, overtaking as a maneuver is strictly limited by traffic rules and is prohibited in most situations. Such a ban practically does not apply to advancing - it can be done in any situation, with the exception of cases of heavy traffic, in which all lanes are occupied by vehicles.

What will be for the wrong overtaking

It should be immediately noted that punishments directly for wrong overtaking The Administrative Code does not provide. Meanwhile, we should not forget that overtaking may be accompanied by a drive into the oncoming traffic lane. In this case, article 12.15 part 4 can be applied to punish a motorist. For example, for leaving when overtaking into the oncoming lane or tram rails both an administrative fine and deprivation of rights for a period of 4 to 6 months can be imposed.