Refinement of PAZ - buses, from which we all have already begun to wean - is not an easy job. What is the improvement of the cabin worth, requiring considerable effort and a large number time. But, despite all the intrigues that craftsmen face, tuning is still possible. How to do this - consider the example of model 3205.
1 Upholstery in the cab of the bus - preparation and execution
What passenger buses PAZ is already very outdated - not news to anyone. The first thing to start with their refinement is the interior. We are unlikely to be able to greatly increase the power in the 3205 model, since the dimensions of the domestic vehicle far from the most modest. But by improving the interior, we will significantly change the bus, make its operation much more pleasant both for ourselves and for passengers. As a rule, tuning begins with the choice of material for installation in the cabin. Everything is simple here - either expensive modern material, or inexpensive and well-known to all of us felt, which serves as an excellent sound insulator.
Bus PAZ In addition to the material, you need to stock up on even flat pieces of foam, big amount sealant and superglue. Also, to work on 3205, we will need long self-tapping screws, Phillips screwdrivers and wrenches. First you need to dismantle all the seats in the cabin, including the driver's. Next, remove the regular upholstery and clear the area under it. You will also need to wash and degrease the surface in the upper part of the bus cab. After that, we apply a thin layer of sealant to the walls and ceiling of the groove and apply foam to it. We leave the bus like this for a few hours. Next, we apply a plentiful layer of superglue to the foam and immediately apply the previously purchased material to it.
In the process of installing the upholstery, you need to be extremely careful, make sure that the product evenly sticks to the foam and does not sag anywhere. In addition to glue, the material must be fixed with self-tapping screws. After that, we leave the PAZ for a day. Once you are sure that the product has firmly stuck to the foam, you can proceed to the second stage of work - replacing the upholstery of the model 3205 seats.
2 Modernization of the seats of a domestic bus - and the back no longer hurts
In addition to the almost complete absence of any upholstery, the manufacturer also ignored the need for soft seats in the cabin. As a result, sitting on hard plastic for several hours, passengers often complained of discomfort and back pain. What to say about trips to winter time when it was possible to freeze to the seats. Solve this problem once and for all modern materials for upholstery or special fur covers, which are very popular even among drivers of elite foreign cars.
Modernized seats in the PAZ bus Since putting the latter on the PAZ seats is quite simple, it would be better if we consider the first tuning method - installing the trim on the 3205 seats. For work, we need:
- about 5-6 meters soft material with filler - for example, a dense carpet;
- needle and thread;
- roulette;
- drill and screws;
- masking tape or tape.
Since the seats were taken out of the cabin earlier, you can immediately start measuring them. We carefully measure the length, width and height and proceed to the cutting of matter. For each seat, we should get 4 pieces of material for the main part of the seat and two pieces for the headrest. We sew the first four pieces of the product into a cover, leaving part of the thread. We put a cover on the seat and, if necessary, pull the thread. Thus, we will pull the main seam and make the cover a little narrower. We do the same with a separate cover for the headrest. Next, we move on to work on the second seat of model 3205.
At the end of the installation of the covers, you need to securely fasten the material to the seats. To do this, we screw 2 screws into the backrest and the lower transverse support under each of the seats. So the covers made by us will not slide off the bus seats.
3 Manufacturing and installation of instrument panel lighting
Having taken care of the comfort of passengers, you can proceed to finalize the instrument panel. Such tuning will be appreciated by every driver. By improving this part of the cabin, we will make the bus cabin more spectacular, and driving more comfortable due to lighting. So, the first thing you need is 20 blue or red LED lamps, resistors, voltage stabilizer and electrical wiring. You also need to stock up on superglue, clamps and a clerical knife.
Bus dashboard First you need to completely disassemble dashboard bus. Next, we take the LED and solder 1 wire to it, at the end of which we attach a resistor. We do a similar operation with each light bulb. We fix the ends sticking out of the resistors with a clamp and connect them to the stabilizer. Next, we push the wiring with the lamps under the bottom wall of the panel and bring it to the scales. The part in which the stabilizer stands is connected to the PAZ ignition switch.
Next, we check the operation of the backlight. If everything is in order, we fasten the lamps to the walls of the shield with superglue. Next, install the factory scales 3205 and assemble the instrument panel in reverse order. Optionally, if the backlight seemed too bright to you, you can put a thin sheet of white paper between the lamps and the scales. It will make the lighting of the panel not so intense, and you can continue to operate the bus without the risk of being dazzled.
Article published on 03/29/2015 00:54 Last edited on 03/29/2015 01:25The Soviet Union was a huge country, stretching from the Far North to the southern latitudes. Different climatic zones demanded and various equipment. In order to fill public transport the northern regions of the country, the designer of the Pavlovsky plant took up the development of documentation for the "frost-resistant" bus.
Drawings of a bus capable of operating at a temperature of about minus 60 degrees were completed at the beginning of 1965. The prototype PAZ-672S was assembled in the first summer month of the same year. From the buses mass-produced by the plant, the northern version was distinguished by new materials that had never been used by the enterprise before.
Warming comes first
In order for the bus to be suitable for transporting people and the passengers in it to “not freeze”, it was necessary, first of all, to make a relatively warm interior.
It was decided to use expanded polystyrene as a heat insulator. It was placed along the perimeter of the body between the outer and inner skins. If in ordinary cars there were windows on the roof, then in the model with the letter “C” they were completely abandoned.
Heat usually seeps through windows. To minimize such losses, the glazing was made double. This design not only kept warm air in the cabin, but also prevented the windows from freezing. Single glazing and the presence of a window leaf remained only on the driver's door.
The glasses were inserted into the rubber profile. Moreover, the rubber was special - frost-resistant. Similar rubber was used for all other rubber parts, including the "shoes" of the bus.
The floor insulation was given Special attention. It consisted of three layers. Top and bottom - multilayer plywood 10 mm thick. The middle layer is insulation.
Laid on the floor rubber mats, To inside which was attached synthetic felt, also intended for insulation. Door leaves, as well as the junctions of individual parts of the body, were supplied with the same felt, since it was problematic to install polystyrene foam in these places.
In order to maintain the optimum temperature in the cabin, they designed additional heater. It ran on the same fuel as the bus.
The second battery and a more powerful generator than the base model was received by the electrical system of the northern bus. The battery compartment was also insulated, in addition, they provided for the supply of warm air into it.
Concerning power unit, then it was no different from those that were put on basic models. It was carbureted engine with one hundred and fifteen "horses". The gearbox had 4 steps, two latest broadcasts- with synchronizer. Hydrovacuum brake system equipped with separate drives for each of the axles.
The second experimental PAZ-672S
The first "frost-resistant" bus had a bright orange roof. Everything else was ivory. front lighting: dimensions and foglights "drowned" in the bumper. The bus had a radio.
For testing in real northern conditions PAZ went to Yakutsk. It was in January 1966.
The second prototype, made in the fall of 1966, differed from the first, first of all, externally. It was painted red, and a wide white stripe. The presence of two vents was also an innovation. Both were located on the left side of the car. One in the first after the driver's window, the second in the third. This provided ventilation on warm summer days. A similar window system was installed on all subsequent "northern" buses.
The new bus has provided a place for luggage. It was on the right next to the battery compartment. This arrangement was convenient when using transport for intercity transportation. In reality, this space was used to install another "storage" of fuel.
Interdepartmental tests of both samples were planned to be carried out in Yakutsk. The buses went there in January 1967.
Tests have shown that with frequent opening of doors, when “outside the window” - 58, an acceptable temperature (about + 10) is maintained in the front of the cabin. In the back, it dropped to zero and even slightly lower.
The first batch of PAZ-672S left the assembly line in the last quarter of 1969. Its quantity was only 10 pieces. Subsequent games were more capacious. In 1983, the number of model C buses was 600, in 1985 - 450, and in 1988 - 650.
The total number of Pavlovsky "northern" buses is 7147. Their production was completed in 1989.
Last week, the thermometers showed zero temperature, and today they dropped to -15, further - more. Many motorists have already frozen their cars until the warm season, and many have to insulate their iron horse. In salons, this costs a dozen or more thousand rubles. How to do it yourself?
Many people think: “What’s there, I covered the engine compartment with a blanket, the bottom with a tarpaulin and insulated the windshield - nothing complicated.” But each case must be approached wisely.
Winter tires
On winter tires unless a completely stupid person or someone who has not been behind the wheel for the past two weeks has not crossed yet. The roads are slippery, in some places they look like a skating rink, although they are trying to sprinkle sand in the center of Yakutsk. Required condition preparing the car for the Yakut winter is the installation of winter tires. Winter tires can be bought at any tire store, from the hands, in the market or via the Internet. The cost is from 6 to 28, and sometimes 70 thousand rubles. You can install the tires yourself, or you can “change shoes” at any auto repair shop for 500 rubles.
double glass
This is a mandatory part of preparing the car for winter. As you know, if the inside of the car is warm and the outside is cold, then the windows will be covered with frost. To avoid this, you need to install double windows on the windshield and side windows. It is best to buy the same glass that you have in your car, their cost varies from 2300 to 60 thousand, as we were told in one of the auto shops. If you buy glass from your hands, then you can spend 1500-2000 rubles. But there is a more “popular” way: many drivers take the most ordinary glass, roughly cut out rectangles and squares from it (as you need) and mount them on the outside. Most often, they use old glass from windows or buy new rubles for 300 in stores. In addition, you will need a small spacer between the glasses: it can be double-sided tape, pieces of eraser, plasticine - anything. The main thing is to maintain tightness between the glasses. The wipers can be removed for the winter.
tightness
The car is required before cold winter check for leaks: is it blowing somewhere, is the rubber leaking somewhere between the doors. To do this, the car can be driven to a car wash and under the shower to determine whether water enters the cabin. Thrifty car owners, in order to prolong the life of rubber, begin to glue it. But you can spend 300-400 rubles on new kit rubber pad. You can install it yourself.
Salon
If foreign cars keep heat in the car and are equipped so that the cold penetrates slightly, then to the insulation domestic cars must be approached with particular seriousness, since, in fact, they practically consist of a frame - metal. This is especially true for domestic buses "PAZ" and the "favorite" brand of our republic "UAZ": "nurses", "hunters", etc. Warming these machines is especially expensive.
First you need to purchase high-quality thermal insulation material, which is presented various models And price categories in building supply stores. It can be polypropylene foam, which costs about 70 rubles per sq.m. But most often, drivers use felt for these purposes, the prices for which range from 300 to 500 rubles per kg in hardware and construction stores. As we learned, the cheapest felt on the market costs 250 rubles per kg. Usually, from 1 meter of felt is used for warming cars - this is about 3-4 kg, that is, about 1000 rubles. In addition to the material, you will need high-quality glue - most often they use the well-known "Moment", anyone who can withstand several months of our harsh winter will do. Also indispensable for heat-insulating work and clip-fasteners for fixing the upholstery. You will spend a maximum of 300 rubles on them.
The course of work is quite simple: first you need to pull out all the seats from the car, remove the fabric from the ceiling, then cut out patterns on the ceiling from the insulation, the places for the future sticker of the material are liberally smeared with glue and the insulation is already glued. IN last turn patterns of heat-insulating material are glued to the bottom floor. After the glue dries, you can start assembling the interior.
bottom
Be sure to cover the bottom of the car to protect the engine. Typically, this material is fireproof tarpaulin, which will help keep the heat in. engine compartment. Tarpaulin, fortunately, can be bought at any hardware, hardware store and in any market, it costs almost everywhere from 150 rubles per meter. Usually 3-4 meters are used - this is 500-600 rubles.
Hood
By insulating the hood of the car, you can save not only time, but also money during the warm-up of the engine. The most common material that you can use to insulate the hood is felt, we wrote about its prices above. Despite the fact that his appearance far from ideal, it is inexpensive and does not wear out quickly. It is sold in every market. Many choose polypropylene foam for this, which is covered with foil. It is sold in any hardware store and market. This material is sold almost everywhere under the Izolon trademark and costs about 70 rubles per sq.m. It differs in that it does not deform even when heated to 150.0 degrees. Some car owners try to solve this problem with the help of improvised means, such as a blanket, and sometimes just a piece of cardboard.
It is also important to close the grille before winter. Often this is done simply with a piece of cardboard, some glue it with tape.
Thus, you see that by doing the work on warming the car yourself, you can not only save cash, but also be sure of the durability of the material and the quality of thermal insulation.
Efim Pestryakov, UAZ nurse:
- I insulated the car a week ago, though not by myself, but in the salon in my ulus, since there is no time to do this myself. It cost me 15 thousand rubles. They used felt and penofol inside the car, a tarpaulin from below, and a leather “muzzle” was placed in front. You can’t survive the Yakut winter without insulation, so you need to approach this thoroughly.
Mikhail Ivanov, PAZ bus:
- I insulated my bus on my own: I installed a windshield, inserted ordinary cut-out windows on the sides, covered the engine with felt, and decided not to cover the bottom with a tarpaulin for the time being. In general, we have northern options buses, it will be more difficult to work with old domestic ones.
Galina Zaborovskaya, Subaru car:
- Some even thoroughly insulate: they glue the second side windows, and they cover the bottom under the engine with a dense fabric, they also conjure with the stove so that it blows hot air. We don’t insulate the car much, we just put felt under the hood, some kind of cardboard in front of the radiator grille, but we don’t insulate the bottom. Be sure to put a second windshield - this is the most important thing. Windshield costs 2-3 thousand rubles, we use the old felt.
