Having become the owner of a car, every driver strives to improve it with something, hence the desire to make a turbocharger with their own hands. Someone makes adjustments to the external exterior of the car, someone updates the interior, and someone makes more serious tuning, adding power to the motor.
To one of the costly, but effective methods upgrades include turbocharged car equipment. It significantly increases the power of the motor, so many take this step. Especially often, owners of old domestic cars.
Turbocharger and its principle of operation
A turbocharger is a complex structure consisting of a centrifugal or axial compressor working together with a turbine. He increases Vehicle efficiency by supplying a large volume of air to the cylinders.
Its action is based on the following steps:
- The mixture of fuel with air, when it enters the engine, burns out and exits through exhaust pipe. The impeller, mounted at the beginning of the exhaust manifold, is firmly connected to the intake manifold impeller.
- The powerful flow of gases leaving the engine drives the impeller at the outlet. She, in turn, rotates the impeller on intake manifold.
- As a result, the motor is fed a large number of air and fuel at the same time. The more fuel mass burns, the more powerful the engine becomes. The turbocharger is faced with the task of supplying as much air mass as possible to the engine to burn a large amount of fuel. This results in an increase in power.
The built-in turbocharger is capable of burning up to 1.6 times more fuel, increasing the power level by the same indicator.
Operating the car in the usual load mode, fuel consumption will not increase. Thanks to improved acceleration and climbing performance, there are savings. Gasoline consumption will increase with increasing load.
The wear of parts is reduced, and the car will receive the following benefits:
- acceleration time will be reduced;
- increased maneuverability;
- freight traffic will increase;
- the speed will increase.
When is turbocharged equipment necessary?
Many car owners want to equip their car with a turbocharger to increase power. Modern cars equipped with engines big amount Horse power, such modernization is not required.
Owners of domestic cars that do not differ in special power go to such a step. It is rational to equip a small car with a turbocharger. Even a slight increase in horsepower in their engines will be noticeable and give them best overclocking, the dynamics of their performance will improve. What will give more confidence when overtaking other vehicles in conditions highways.
DIY turbocharger
Before installing a turbocharger on your car, you need to decide on the power that you want to get from the engine.
From right choice turbo dependent final result. It should be as close as possible to your brand of car. This will affect the further installation process.
Many car owners are concerned about how to make a turbocharger with their own hands and is it possible? For a beginner this procedure will be difficult, because the process requires knowledge of some nuances.
It may be necessary to refine the mechanisms of the car before installing the turbocharger. Errors in installation will lead to equipment malfunctions, which will lead to new costs. Therefore, you need to make tuning yourself carefully, adhering to the following rules:
- Check before installation the status of all important systems car. Replace the air oil filters. Change the oil and check the serviceability of the oil pipes. The main thing is that during the operation of the turbine, particles of dirt and dust do not get there.
- Check the catalytic converter for faults.
- Check the body air filter. It must be sealed.
- Wash the air pipes and the crankcase ventilation system with gasoline.
- Clean all air supply channels from dirt, otherwise contamination will affect the operation of the supercharger.
- Fill the turbine with oil. The performance of the boost depends on its quality.
- For better dispersal of it in the turbine, use a hand pump. Repeat the manipulation several times. After that, the oil is completely drained from the unit.
- Install the turbocharger and secure it securely.
- For ease of installation, dismantle the heat shield, alternator and exhaust manifold. Drain the cooling fluid from the system.
- Drain all oil. Drill a hole in the engine, install a fitting into it with a sealant. Then remove the oil temperature sensor.
- Install the turbine oil supply adapter.
- Return all details. Connect the turbine with the fitting with a hose, install bypass valve.
- Finally install the intercooler and exhaust pipe.
Interested off-road tuning? Helpful information. What tuning accessories are needed? Read in this article.
System performance test.
To test the system, remove the live wires from the cylinders and turn the engine over with the starter. If the oil pressure remains within the normal range, start the engine. Let the engine idle for 15 minutes. A motor with a turbocharger installed must be run-in at 1.5 - 2 thousand kilometers.
Try not to overload the boost and motor during this period. For the unit to operate for a long time without breakdowns, monitor the condition of filters, oil and air supply systems. Do not rush to turn off the engine, let it idle for a couple of minutes. This will cool the turbo.
By following this turbocharger installation scheme, you will add dynamics to the car. As a result, feel the drive and speed.
Header>Steam turbine. The first mention of steam engines dates back to the beginning of the first century BC. A relatively simple operating principle made this steam engine fundamental for mankind for hundreds of years. Let's try to make the simplest model steam turbine with their own hands.
We will need:
- Tin. I took a small one from tomato paste.
- Tin lids from cans of larger diameter.
- Tin strip. It can be cut from the side of the can.
- Rivets with a diameter of 3mm and a length of 7 and 14mm.
- Screw with nut M5.
- aluminum wire.
- Candle. In place of a candle, it is better to use a dry fuel tablet or an alcohol lamp.
Cut out two circles from the lids. We adjust one to the size of the can, which will be a steam boiler. The second will be the turbine. We choose its size at our discretion, depending on the size of the entire structure. Tap on a long rivet, which will be a nozzle on one side, with a hammer and reduce the diameter to 0.6-0.7mm. 
We make two holes in the lid: under the nozzle and under the filler hole. We place the filler hole a little on the side so that the turbine does not interfere with turning the screw. 
We solder a nut and a nozzle from a rivet to the cover. These rivets are made of aluminum, so you will need to use either a universal soldering fluid or a special flux for aluminum soldering. I used F59A. 
Solder the lid to the jar. It should be noted that almost all modern cans are made with an additional polymer coating, so all parts must be sanded before soldering. 
We make a turbine. To do this, we divide the tin circle first into 4 parts, then each quarter into 2 parts, and finally each slice in half. We cut the slices to about the middle of the radius. We bend the turbine blades with pliers. Solder the head of the rivet into the center. 
We bend the turbine holder from a tin strip in the form of the letter P. The width is selected slightly more than the length of two rivets. 
We solder the turbine into the holder so that it rotates freely. We take the cropped one as an axis central rod rivets. 
We solder the holder with the turbine to the cover above the nozzle. Be sure to check that she did not cling to anything. 
Stand options can be any. The simplest thing is to bend it out of aluminum wire. 
The turbine is ready to start. Filling with water will be much easier using a plastic bottle from drops from a cold. Do not pour water more than half the volume of our boiler. It is ideal to use a washer cut from the lead sheath of the cable as a sealing washer. You can use leather. If there is neither one nor the other, it is enough to take the standard one and irradiate it.
People began to use steam as a driving force at the very beginning of our era. Engines that are built according to this principle become part of many appliances and machines suitable for various needs both in industry and at home. But now, thanks scientific and technological progress, everyone with the help of simple tools and materials (which are in any store of household goods) can understand how a turbine is made with their own hands. So here are the items you need:
Do it yourself
So, after all the materials and tools are collected, you can get to work. First of all, take two covers and cut circles out of them. They will different sizes: one is equal in diameter to the neck of the can, which in the future product will become one of the most important parts - a steam boiler; choose the parameters of the second, based on what size turbine you want to get. But this is only the first stage. Next, it will be seen how the turbine is made by hand.
Now we need aluminum rivets. Take one of them (its size should be equal to fourteen millimeters) and with a hammer, tapping evenly from all sides, make a nozzle. The diameter of the resulting product will reach 0.6 millimeters. After that, take the lid that will close the steam boiler, and make a couple of holes in it: one for the nozzle, the other for the filler. Moreover, the second must be done as close to the edge as possible, so that after that there will be no problems with it. It is worth remembering that the turbine is not easy to do with your own hands, but the result is a device that is very useful in the household.
Using a soldering iron, connect the nut and nozzle to the cover. When soldering the second part, you should use an aluminum flux or a universal soldering liquid, for example, marked F59A. After that, solder the lid to the jar, having previously cleaned the surfaces to be connected from the polymer coating with sandpaper. It remains to do quite a bit, and you will show off with your own hands made at home.
Next, you need to take the second circle, from which we will make the turbine itself. To do this, it must first be divided into four identical sectors, and then mark each of them into two parts and repeat this operation with the details. So, it turned out sixteen blades. But they are not ready yet. Each of the parts must be cut along to the middle of the radius and bent with pliers in one direction. In the center of this design, the rivet head will be soldered. As you can see, a do-it-yourself turbine is made, albeit for a long time, but not so difficult.
Now you need to take a strip of tin. A holder for the turbine will be made from it. To do this, you need to bend this material into the shape of the letter "P". At the same time, make sure that the width of the part is equal to the length of two rivets or exceeds it. After that, you need to solder the turbine into the holder so that its blades can rotate as freely as possible, and the main rod of the rivet becomes the axis. The turbine, made with your own hands, is almost ready, it remains only to perform a couple of simple operations: attach the holder and the steam boiler from the can to each other, and also make a stand for this entire structure from Attention: make sure that the blades do not cling to other parts of the product during rotation .
Try
So, here's how to use a steam turbine. First you need to use a plastic bottle to fill the jar with water up to half. After that, close the hole in the lid to eliminate the leakage of steam. It remains only to heat the water using one of the above methods to make the simple mechanism work. gas turbine do it yourself in exactly the same way, only instead of water you will need to use, as the name suggests, one gas. But this must be done with great care and it is advisable to take the help of a professional.
One of the ways to extend the life of an old car, for example, any VAZ 2107, 2106, 2114, 2112, is its tuning. Of course, speech this case it's not about installing new discs and covers, but first of all about increasing engine power. And one of the simplest and quite available options to ensure this - install on the motor mechanical supercharger on their own.
Mechanical supercharger on a VAZ - pros and cons
The larger the engine and the more cylinders it has, the higher its power. This is the very first conclusion when observing motors and machines. But this is not always the case. The more fuel burned in the engine cylinders, the more power he can show. But the volume of cylinders is finite, and I want to have increased power. In these cases, a mechanical air blower comes to the rescue.
The principle of its operation is extremely simple and works on any car, including the VAZ 2107, 2106, 2114, 2112 families - it provides additional air to the engine, resulting in:
- the purge of the cylinders increases, and they are better freed from the remnants of burnt fuel;
- more fuel enters the engine cylinders, which provides more power;
- the compression ratio is increased, which also gives an increase in power.
This approach is almost similar to the turbo mode used on diesel engines. Only there a turbocharger driven by exhaust gases, and in this case - a mechanical air blower, which is connected by a belt to the engine crankshaft. This approach is much simpler, the air supply depends on the engine speed, the higher they are, the more it enters; and also does not require the provision of turbine operating modes and can be done by hand on any VAZ car.
It is worth considering that if a mechanical supercharger is placed on injection machine VAZ, you will need to change the firmware. However, a similar modification can be made for carburettor car, only in this case, most likely, you will have to change the jets in the carburetor and adjust the ignition timing.
Do not forget that you are forcing the VAZ engine, whether it be any of its models 2107, 2106, 2114, 2112, the work must be carried out in a comprehensive manner, and only then is it possible to obtain the expected result. However, this is not such a big price to pay for the increase in power.
How to install an air blower with your own hands
There are several approaches that allow you to install a mechanical air blower on cars of the VAZ family with your own hands. This is the manufacture of such a device that provides a turbo mode or boosting the engine, or the use of a ready-made KIT kit.
Homemade supercharger on the VAZ
With this approach, a mechanical air blower will be decisive. It is on him that the whole future design depends. The main thing is to find an air blower that meets the requirements from imported car, or have to use a homemade one. This is also possible, and in this case, suitable parts and assemblies are used from completely unexpected devices, for example, a vacuum cleaner.
When making such a homemade air blower, literally everything must be taken into account - dimensions, weight, placement in engine compartment how and where will it be located drive pulley and belt, the performance of this device, operating modes (short-term or long-term), the possibility of lubrication and much, much more.
After there is clarity with the compressor, it is necessary to calculate the implementation of the turbo mode for the engine.
Here it is necessary to take into account how the fuel and cooling system of the car will be changed, what changes need to be made to its management and how to do this, what pressure will be acceptable for safe work motor, when implemented using a similar device turbo mode.
Even brought far from complete list questions shows that it is rather difficult, but possible, to make a home-made air blower for a VAZ of any family, at least 2107, 2106, at least 2114, 2112. An example is a photo showing that such work has been successfully completed. True, this is not a VAZ, but the fact itself is important - to make a home-made air compressor, in which its drive unit is connected to the engine crankshaft, is possible.
Do-it-yourself drive supercharger - from a KIT kit
Yes, there are such kits on sale that allow you to implement the turbo mode in VAZ 2107, 2106, 2114, 2112 cars with your own hands. As a rule, it includes everything you need to assemble and install such a device on a car - the compressor itself, belts, drive unit , brackets and air ducts. What is such a kit, allows you to understand the above photo.
The main advantage of this approach to implementing the turbo mode on your car is simplicity and complete adaptation. technical solutions for a specific option - 2107, 2106, 2114, 2112. As a rule, the manufacturers of KIT kits are Chinese manufacturers which makes them reasonably priced.
As the advantages of implementing the turbo mode in this way, it is worth noting its sharpening specifically for VAZ cars of one model or another (2107, 2106, 2114, 2112). The advantages of this approach should also include the fact that under certain conditions, when the level of additional pressure created is not more than half a bar, no intervention is required in the car's fuel system.
It is not advisable to describe the order of implementation of the turbo mode from such a set, each of them has its own assembly instructions. The disadvantages include the country of manufacture, but here it’s how lucky. What the car looks like after completion and how to do it, the video will additionally help to understand
One of available to motorists ways to boost the engine of an old car and give it new life- Install an air blower. This work can be done with your own hands, if you use commercially available KIT kits for VAZ cars.
The use of steam in practice is quite well known for industrial purposes, since steam turbines have been using this principle for a long time.
It is such equipment that works at thermal power plants and power plants. True, for some artisans it is not particularly difficult to make their counterparts of modest size at home.
Operating principle
The fact is that steam turbine By by and large this is part of a special mechanism, the main task of which is the conversion of steam energy into electrical or thermal energy.
Technologically, the whole process looks like this:
- When burning various kinds fuel in the furnace, water turns into steam.
- With further superheating of the steam to 435 ºС and a pressure of 3.43 MPa, the steam is transferred through pipes to the turbine, where, with the help of special units it is evenly distributed over the nozzles.
- From the nozzles, steam is supplied to special curved blades that are mounted on a shaft, because of this they rotate, as a result of which kinetic energy is transformed into mechanical energy.
- The shaft of the generator is an "electric motor" in reverse and rotates with the help of a turbine rotor, and this allows electricity to be generated.
- Further, the steam in the condenser, upon contact with cold water, again turns into water, which the pumps pump again for heating.
How to build a mini steam turbine with your own hands
On the Web, you can come across a large number of options that consider a home-made method for manufacturing this unit.
For these purposes, the usual tin, aluminum wire, a piece of tin, and fastening materials.
The listed materials will allow you to do what you have planned at home, without using special equipment and tool. This turbine will demonstrate the transformation of steam energy into electricity.
Manufacturing process
Two holes are made in the lid of the jar, into one of which a part of the tube is soldered. Tin is taken and the turbine impeller is cut out and attached to the U-shaped strip.
After that, a strip is attached to another hole, the impeller is fixed with blades opposite the tube.
The structure is attached to a wire stand, a syringe with water is taken and it is filled, and dry fuel is lit from below. A jet of steam will escape from the tube, which will set in motion an improvised rotor.
True, the power of such a turbine is not enough for anything, since its efficiency is very low. It can only be considered as a mock-up in order to understand how the equipment works.
Making a small do-it-yourself electricity generating device
Suitable for these purposes computer cooler, from which a low-power turbine will be built for the manufacture of the impeller.
Remove from the cooler Electrical engine and install on the same axis with the impeller.
The resulting device should be mounted in a round aluminum case. The lid of the teapot, or rather its diameter, is taken as the basis.
A hole is made in its bottom, where a tube is mounted with a soldering iron, from which a coil is made. The opposite end of the tube should be brought to the impeller blades, thanks to which the design works.
The coil is the most important part of the entire device. For its manufacture, it is better to use copper wire, although, given the small thickness and constant overheating, it has a short service life. Therefore, it is optimal to put a stainless tube in the device.
The functioning of homemade steam equipment and its features
So, the mini-electric machine is ready and you can start testing it.
Having poured water into the kettle and put it on the stove, we notice that when boiling, steam is formed, the energy of which is enough to charge mobile phone or the operation of an LED light bulb.
It is characteristic that at home such a power plant can be used as a toy, since due to low power it will not have enough electricity to operate equipment or household appliances.
It is worth noting: if you are going on a multi-day hike and take with you this equipment, then you will be able to appreciate all the advantages that it gives. For example, you can recharge the battery of a mobile phone, camera or other gadgets.
Unfortunately, the construction of a steam turbine at home, the power of which will be of the order of 500 W or more, is very difficult and involves high monetary costs.
Watch a video in which an experienced user demonstrates the capabilities and design of a do-it-yourself steam turbine:
