Daimler AG (DaimlerChrysler AG, Daimler-Benz AG)
Daimler AG, is a German automotive concern. Germany's largest company by turnover. The headquarters is located in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
________________________________________________
The history of the company begins in 1886, when Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz(Carl Benz) patented the world's first "three-wheeled gasoline-powered cart". Later, in 1926, two independent Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft and Benz & Cie merged into an alliance - Daimler-Benz AG.
DaimlerChrysler AG was formed in November 1998 as a result of Daimler-Benz AG's acquisition of Chrysler LLC, one of the "Big Three" of the US automotive industry.
On May 14, 2007, DaimlerChrysler AG announced the sale of an 80.1% stake in the Chrysler Group division for $7.4 billion to a private American investment fund, Cerberus Capital Management. was made on August 3, 2007. At the meeting of shareholders on October 4, 2007, the name of DaimlerChrysler AG was changed to Daimler AG.
On December 12, 2008, Daimler acquired a 10% stake in Russian truck manufacturer KAMAZ OJSC, said Andreas Renschler, Daimler Trucks division manager. The German automaker will pay $250 million immediately for a 10% stake in KAMAZ and $50 million by 2012. As a result of the deal, Daimler will receive one seat on the board of directors of KAMAZ, according to the materials of the companies. On February 11, 2010, Daimler increased its stake in OJSC KAMAZ by 1% (to 11%). *
Recently in November 2014, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development sold its shares to him. The share of the German concern Daimler in OJSC KAMAZ increased from 11% to 15%. This is reported in the Russian automobile company. The package was purchased from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). Previously, Daimler owned 11% of Kamsky's shares. car factory, and the concern managed a 4% stake owned by the EBRD. The German company acquired 10% of the company's shares in 2008, and in 2010, together with the EBRD, Daimler acquired another 5% of the company (the EBRD had 4% of the shares, Daimler - 1%). In July 2013, the head of Rostec, Sergei Chemezov, said that Daimler was interested in gaining control over KAMAZ. It was assumed that investors led by Ruben Vardanyan would sell Daimler its entire stake in KAMAZ - 27.3%. However, the deal never materialized in 2013.
The largest shareholder of Daimler AG is an Arab investment Aabar Investments with 9.1% of the shares.
Shares are distributed among shareholders regionally (as of April 30, 2008):
39.0% Germany
32.3% Other European countries
21.2% USA
7.5% Other countries
Daimler AG currently owns shares in the following companies:
100% "Daimler Trucks" - production of trucks
85.0% Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus Corporation
50.1% Automotive fuel cell Cooperation
22.4% European Aeronautic Defense and Space Company (EADS)
22.3% Tognum AG
15.0% KAMAZ*
10.0% Tesla Motors
7.0% Tata Motors Ltd.
Daimler AG includes the following divisions:
- Mercedes-Benz Cars Group- engaged in the production of passenger cars brands:
- mercedes benz
- Mercedes-AMG
- Smart
- Daimler Trucks Group- is engaged in the production of large-capacity trucks (and, similar in type of production, buses), engines of brands:
- mercedes benz
- Daimler Trucks North America LLC
- Freightliner
- Freightliner Custom Chassis Corporation (FCCC)
- Daimler Trucks Remarketing Corporation (DTRC)
- Daimler Trucks Government Vehicles
- Detroit Diesel
- Sterling Trucks
- Thomas Built Buses
- Western Star Trucks
- Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus Corporation
- Daimler Trucks North America LLC
- Mercedes-Benz Vans Group- is engaged in the production of light trucks brands:
- mercedes benz
- Daimler Buses Group- is engaged in the production of buses brands:
- mercedes benz
- Orion Bus Industries
- Setra
- Daimler Financial Services- finances the group's projects:
- Mercedes-Benz Bank AG
- Mercedes-Benz Financial
- Daimler Truck Financial
- Daimler Fleet Management GmbH
- mercedes benz
daimler.com External partnership and company development.
1) Daimler and Renault Nissan will launch co-production in Mexico
_____________________________
An active entry to Mexico continues, with Renault-Nissan Alliance and Daimler the latest to announce their plans to build a plant in this country. The automakers, which have been part of the global alliance since 2010, will jointly invest €1 billion to build a new factory in Aguascalientes in central Mexico, which will eventually produce compact cars for both premium brand Nissan Infiniti (by 2017) and for Mercedes-Benz (by 2018).
The new plant will be located close to existing Nissan centers in Aguascalientes and will have a capacity of 300,000 vehicles per year by 2021. A well-developed supplier base, fast-reaching markets and good logistical connections are the reasons why it was decided to manufacture cars in Mexico.
Infiniti and Mercedes-Benz are not the first to invest in building a production facility in Mexico, with Honda, Mazda, Fiat Chrysler and Audi doing so earlier. Last November year Nissan opened the first phase of a $2 billion investment project in Aguascalientes, the automaker's second plant in the city and third in Mexico. The total production capacity of the company in the country is 850,000 cars per year.
Daimler already builds trucks and buses in Saltillo, Santiago Tianguistenko and Garcia, but cars Mercedes-Benz will produce in Mexico for the first time. The automaker builds SUVs at its plant in Vance, Alabama, and will also start making C-class sedans this year.
At the press conference, Dieter Zetsche, Daimler Chairman and Head of Mercedes-Benz Cars, and Carlos Ghosn, Renault Nissan's Chief Executive Officer, highlighted the benefits of their collaboration in Mexico, in particular in downsizing and economies of scale. Both companies hope that the premium compact segment will continue to grow in the NAFTA region (a zone of North American free trade agreements). This is what will help new plant in Aguascalentes. Mexico has free trade agreements with the EU and with the South American bloc Mercosur.
German auto concern Daimler has been cooperating with the Japanese-French Renault-Nissan Alliance since 2010. The partnership was initially focused on urban passenger cars and vans, then it expanded to the production of engines.
2) Daimler will take electric vehicles from Tesla Motors and Renault-Nissan
___________________________________________________
By by and large, "Mercedes" today remains the only representative of the "large German troika”, which has not yet decided on its attitude towards electric vehicles. However, the situation may change dramatically soon. In an interview with Reuters, the head of the concern, Dieter Zetze, said that the Germans are seriously considering the issue of a radical expansion of cooperation in this area with their partners. In particular, we are talking about the alliance "Renault-Nissan" and the American "Tesla". And those and others, we recall, today have quite ready-made solutions, moreover, unlike most competitors, both the French and the Americans are leaders in the segments they have mastered. And since Daimler missed a fairly large amount of time, attracting third-party development here looks like a completely logical way out.
Currently, Mercedes is actively working on the homologation of the new generation of the Renault Twingo smart car, which will share the platform with new Smart. In return, the alliance got access to the Daimler MFA front-wheel drive bogie (A-, B-classes and the CLA sedan), on which the new Infiniti Q30. In addition, in the near future, the partners will complete a new plant, which, according to Zetsche, will allow them to respond more flexibly to changing demand. In addition, he announced the possibility of providing the platform for the new GL to specialists from Aston Martin, but in this case everything will depend on the further production plans of the British manufacturer, since the British will either have to pay or provide something in return. Nevertheless, the Germans are not going to be limited to segments C and supermini.
First of all, they are interested in developing their own electric vehicles, for which they are very eager to enlist the support of Tesla. Moreover, if we proceed from the rather vague hints of Zetsche, negotiations on this matter are already underway. Moreover, according to him, Daimler has the opportunity to influence their course, since the leadership of this most successful electric car manufacturer to date has a former employee of the company with whom good relations have been maintained for a long time. But here it should be borne in mind that Tesla, which has become a plus, today is a tasty morsel not only for Daimler. Some time ago, rumors spread that in the near future Elon Musk's company would be attacked by GM, which had repeatedly stated its desire to buy it from current shareholders. Such a project looks quite risky, however, there is still a certain basis under it.
The fact is that Musk is considered a very strong startup, but he has not yet shown himself as a manager who can withstand a long marathon race. In addition, he is already actively engaged in the "space" project Space X, as well as the idea of building a super-fast passenger tube, which may well become a prototype of the transport system of the future. In other words, new tasks attract him more than those already completed. So the option to sell is quite possible. Moreover, he eventually sold all his successful startups: in 1999, the supplier founded by him and his brother software Zip2 was acquired by Compaq for $307 million (Musk got $22 million of that), and in 2002 eBay bought out PayPal for $1.5 billion (Musk had a little more at the time). 11% of the shares, which brought him 165 million). Daimler does not seem to be building plans to buy Tesla, so if the company eventually comes under the control of another manufacturer, the Germans will have to curtail all partner projects, turning to Renault-Nissan for help. However, such a step today looks quite justified, especially since the alliance has been actively working on the creation of an electric power plant for Infiniti for several years. Cooperation with Tesla, for sure, promises where big profits, but the second option will do as a spare and more reliable one. The Germans, in any case, will get what they want - a ready-made base for their own electric vehicles.
From the world of technology, the first one that came to mind was this one:
Magic body control by Mercedes-Benz!
____________________________
MAGIC BODY CONTROL combines the benefits of ABC (Active Body Control) suspension with new feature ROAD SURFACE SCAN is a sensitive stereo camera that scans the surface of the roadway and fixes its irregularities.
This active suspension system literally looks ahead, delivering unique ride comfort through its ability to adapt to the nature of the road even before the vehicle's wheels come into contact with bumps in the road. And it works for each wheel individually and in a fraction of a second.
To do this, the ROAD SURFACE SCAN road surface scanning system uses a stereoscopic video camera that captures the image of the road in front of the car with high accuracy. Based on the received video data and information about the driving status, the system calculates the right strategy in order to optimally adjust the damping force for each wheel individually already in advance - even before contact with bumps in the road ahead.
This strategy will then be implemented with the help of the well-established active system body level control ABC (Active Body Control) with continuously adjustable dampers (Continous Damping Control integrated) in such a way as to make any shaking in the cabin almost imperceptible. In addition, hydraulic ride height adjustment on both axles will provide the vehicle with constant level body, regardless of its load.
Remains main question: HOW TO EARN FROM DAIMLER AG SHARES?
Daimler AG shares are traded on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange FWB under the ticker symbol DAIGn.DE
The German concern Benz-Daimler, whose main activity is the production of cars, has a long history. It arose from the merger of two companies. One of them was the company "Benz", and the second - "Daimler-Motoren Gezzellschaft". At the beginning of their history, these manufacturers developed separately. At the same time, the companies that K. Benz and G. Daimler created were a great success. However, in 1926 they were united. Thus began the history of the Daimler-Benz concern. Today, this German automaker, headquartered in Stuttgart, produces famous brand"Mercedes".
A new era in the automotive industry
Many of us are well aware of the name This German engineer and inventor is rightfully considered a pioneer in the production of machines. Benz saw the light of day in 1885. A German engineer not only designed, but also built the world's first Benz car powered by an engine internal combustion.
He received a patent for his brainchild on 01/29/1886. This date is still considered the beginning of the era of the automotive industry.
Creation of a new company
Three years later, the invention of a German engineer was presented in Paris. It was here that in 1889 an automobile exhibition was held, at which the products of the Daimler company were also demonstrated. But, unfortunately, sales volumes did not rise after that. Everything changed in 1890 when whole line German companies became interested in the production of the Benz car. At the same time, a company was founded that produced only his offspring.
In subsequent years, the German inventor did not stop working on new projects. The result of his efforts was the development of a 2-cylinder horizontal engine. Already by 1900, the Benz company gained high popularity among buyers. This became possible due to the fact that the cars produced by it had high sports results.
Gottlieb Daimler
This famous industrial designer and engineer is also an iconic figure in the automotive industry. Gottlieb Daimler, together with his business partner Wilhelm Maybach, founded a small engine production. It was located in the city of Cannstadt.
Only on the basis of his own theoretical calculations, Daimler created a single-cylinder engine with a floor power Horse power s. The famous engineer did not trust the power of electricity. That is why he equipped his engine with ignition, the principle of operation of which is very similar to that of modern diesel engines.
The newly invented mechanism was installed on a specially designed two-wheeled unit made of wood. It was the first ever motorcycle.
In 1889, the Daimler and Maybach company built its first car almost from scratch. At the same time, parts from other vehicles were not used in the new car for the first time. The first car brand Daimler was able to reach speeds of up to ten miles per hour.
In 1890 the Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft (DMG) was founded. In the same period, its logo was created in the form of the famous three-pointed star. According to the legend trademark, this sign meant the most powerful and best motors in the air, on land and in water.
A new stage in the development of the company
The famous inventor and head of the DMG company died in 1900. After his death, the family business was continued by his son Paul. He took over the management of the company. Being a great engineer, he began the development of a new car. In this machine, the usual arrangement of all parts was provided.
So, the radiator and engine were installed under the hood, and the drive was carried out on rear wheels using a gear box. A four-cylinder engine was installed on the car, the power of which was 35 horsepower. This model was a double racing car and was named after the daughter of the Austrian co-owner of the company - Mercedes. This car had a wide wheelbase, low center of gravity and sloping steering column. Another one of his hallmark the cooler "honeycomb" appeared. The unit weighed 900 kilograms and was able to reach speeds of up to 80 kilometers per hour.
Joining forces
Until a certain time, the names of Benz and Daimler were related to various companies that competed with each other. However, the period after the end of the First World War became difficult for both firms. These were the times when car sales dropped to their lowest point. In order to correct the situation, the manufacturers decided to join forces. In 1924, the companies signed an agreement to end competition and start cooperation. The firms merged two years later. A new company appeared on the world market - Daimler-Benz AG. This cooperation turned out to be quite strong and the longest in the history of the automotive industry. The production of cars by the Benz-Daimler concern was carried out until 1998.
Joint Models
From the very beginning of its existence, the newly created company began active work. "Mercedes-Benz" is a new brand that has been presented to the consumer.
The first car produced by the newly created Benz-Daimler company was the K brand car. This unit was equipped with an engine that had a capacity of 160 horsepower, the volume of which was 6.2 liters. Next, Mercedes SSK and SSCL were introduced to the market. The designer of these two models was Hans Niebel.
In addition, in addition to the sports car concern, Benz-Daimler offered convertibles to users, as well as those launched in mass production cars with a body that is adapted to the rally.
Successful work
Before the outbreak of World War II, the German industrial company managed to release a number of models that gained great popularity among consumers. This is a Mercedes SSK. It was released in 1930. The Mercedes 770 model, which was released in 1934, was also popular. At the same time, the first car with a diesel engine was also released.
But special fame went to the 18-80 HP model. This is a Mercedes, known as the Nürburg 460. The release of this car, equipped with an 8-cylinder engine, was carried out in 1928. The maximum engine power of this car was 80 horsepower. The engine revolutions per minute were 3400.
In the 30s, the production of roadster cars of the 500K and 540K brands was also launched. In the period from 1936 to 1940, mass production of the first model of diesel Mercedes 260D was carried out. These cars were equipped with a 45 horsepower engine and had a volume of 2.5 liters.
In 1937, the 320 model car was offered by the company in two versions - a convertible and a coupe. Some of these vehicles, which had a 3.4 liter engine, found their way into the German army. During this period, in addition to cars, the company launched the production of trucks.
post-war period
The Benz-Daimler concern continued its work after the end of hostilities. The company quickly restored the destroyed factories and already in 1947 released a new model - 170. This Mercedes was equipped with four-cylinder engine, whose power was 52 horsepower.
Soon on consumer market Another model was released, which was fundamentally different from all previous ones. This Mercedes limousine 300. The machine was designed on a frame in the form of crossed beams. A 6-cylinder engine was installed on this Mercedes, the power of which was 115 horsepower. Next, model 219 was put on the market. This car was of lower quality, which allowed the concern to start producing cars that were relatively cheap.
winged model
From a large number cars produced by the Benz-Daimler concern, the Mercedes 300 SL Coupe is especially noteworthy. The designers equipped this car with a kind of "winged" doors that open along with part of the roof. It was the first Sport Car created after the war. In 1954, an unusual vehicle was released in a new road version.
Among other vehicles 300 SL coupe model stands out not only with unusual doors, but also powerful motor at 215 horsepower. The car was able to reach speeds of up to 250 kilometers per hour.
In 1957, the company launched a new model 300 SL Roadster, one of the owners of which was Elvis Presley himself.
Prestigious company cars
The history of the company "Benz-Daimler" has many iconic models. The most prestigious of them are united in the S-class. The most comfortable cars can be recognized by the marking "C". The company produced its first model of this line in 1993. But business-class cars are produced with the “E” symbol.
Today there are many Mercedes-Benz vehicles. But, regardless of belonging to a particular class, they are all superbly assembled and reliable, which allows the company to maintain a high reputation in the market.
Automotive supergiant
In 1998, a significant event took place. American company "Chrysler Corporation" and European manufacturer Mercedes cars created a new joint concern. As a result, a new company was formed. Its name sounded like "Daimler Chrysler". Everyone considered this deal very profitable and compared it with a marriage made in heaven. And no wonder. After all, the Chrysler company at that time was highly profitable, and the Daimler-Benz company was known as the world leader in the production of very prestigious and expensive cars. That is why the newly created corporation began to be considered a global supergiant.
However, the Daimler Chrysler company lasted only ten years. The reason for this was the unstable financial condition of the American partners. To improve the situation, the management of the German car manufacturer sold part of the shares owned by Chrysler. After that, the concern changed its name to Daimler AG. And the main brand of this well-known manufacturer was the Mercedes-Benz car.
Modern stamps
German car models produced today by Daimler AG have lower fuel consumption compared to their predecessors. In addition, they are very reliable, safe, and also still popular among those buyers who dream of a prestigious car.
It is worth noting the fact that the company's cars have always been distinguished by greatness. In such a salon, a company of friends, a large family or a high-ranking official is comfortably located. In addition, even the longest trips are perfectly tolerated in these machines.
To date, the most popular cars are those that belong to the low price category and belong to C and E classes. However, more prestigious brands do not lose their positions. So, cars of classes G, S and M are often purchased by heads of administrations and directors of large firms.
The Mercedes lineup also includes mini-cars. These are class A cars that have compact size while maintaining high quality and safety.
For the most demanding customers, a tuning division has been created and is operating. His main specialization is the creation of high-performance versions of the car. The department's specialists create AMG engines by hand. These motors are distinguished by a label that bears the signature of the engineer who created them.
Today, the corporation is located in a whole complex of institutions, the most significant of which is the Mercedes-Benz Museum. Here, in the city, is the headquarters of the company.
The world-famous German concern strives to create cars that have long term operation and high performance. That is why all cars, on the hood of which there is a three-pointed star so familiar to us, as before, are considered the most prestigious on our planet. In September 2011, the company celebrated the 125th anniversary of the creation of a brand with such a long and rich history.
Three brilliant engineers and energetic entrepreneurs Karl Benz, Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach laid the foundation of the European automobile industry and gave their names to the most legendary automobile brands of the Old World, embodying the centuries-old traditions of unsurpassed German quality and technical excellence.
Motorvagen
Karl Benz (1844 - 1929) is usually called the first in the big three of the German automobile industry. He was born in Karlsruhe in the family of a locomotive driver and a Protestant who fled from France from Catholics. Although the family lost its breadwinner in 1846, Karl received an excellent education: after graduating from a technical lyceum, he continued his studies at the Faculty of Mechanics of the Karlsruhe Higher Polytechnic School, where the inquisitive youthful mind of the future engineer was amazed at the inexhaustible possibilities of the internal combustion engine.
However, the conservative traditions of German industry assumed the gradual entry young man into the profession, even if he were seven spans in the forehead. And in 1864, Karl entered Karlsruhe as a worker at the Maschinenbau-Gesellschaft Karlsruhe AG steam locomotive plant. Then, moving from city to city, he mastered the craftsmanship in the positions of a draftsman, assistant foreman and trainee engineer. And, finally, having settled in Mannheim in 1871, Benz, on a par with August Ritter, organized a mechanical workshop. And a year later, with the money borrowed from his father-in-law, he redeemed a share of his companion, who had cooled to mechanical projectors.
For six years, regardless of costs, Benz has been constantly experimenting with iron, trying to make an engine whose power would be enough to pull a carriage with a driver. It was a search, as they say, to the touch, in the dark, because before Karl Benz, almost no one was interested in the problem of "mobilizing" internal combustion engines. Mankind was quite satisfied with stationary units installed in workshops and rotating axes of various mechanisms.
Nevertheless, Benz, teetering on the brink of ruin, remained adamant and got his way. According to one of the main legends of the history of the automotive industry, Karl Benz, on the advice of his wife Berta, went down to the workshop three minutes before the new year, 1878. I revved the flywheel, turned on the ignition, the engine sneezed and went into steady state when the clock on the town hall struck its twelfth time. Has come new era- automotive.
Benz meticulously, as befits a German, first patents a two-stroke gasoline engine, and then all the most important components of the future car: an accelerator, a battery-powered ignition system, a carburetor, a clutch, a gearbox, a water radiator. The influential aristocrat Emil Bueller became interested in his work, thanks to which Benz managed to find investors who invested in car company Gasmotoren Fabrik Mannheim. However, a year later, the relationship between the CEO and investors deteriorated, and Benz was created on the basis of a bicycle workshop new company- Benz & Co. It was here in 1885 that his first car, called the Motorwagen, appeared.
It was a three-wheeled vehicle driven by a 0.8 hp four-stroke engine. with a working volume of 1.7 liters. The motor and massive flywheel were located horizontally at the rear of the structure. The rotation on the rear wheels with a rubber rim and spokes was transmitted using a chain drive. The car weighed 263 kg, the engine - 96. Max speed- 16 km/h.
Test Drive
In 1888, Motorwagen was presented at the World Exhibition in Paris, and a year later it was sold at a price of 2,000 marks. At first to technical innovation treated with suspicion. But gradually everyone was convinced: the Benz car is a very practical means of transportation, significantly exceeding in all respects not only a horse-drawn carriage, but also a train. Unlike a horse, Motorwagen does not get tired, unlike a steam locomotive, it travels without rails in any desired direction.
The first-ever test drive was held by the wife of the famous inventor, who went to the Motorwagen with her two sons to visit their mother. During the day, the crew covered 106 km, separating the cities of Mannheim and Pforzheim. At the same time, several times motorists refueled at roadside pharmacies, where gasoline was sold as a cleaning agent. The car proved to be easy to operate, reliable and fast enough.
But, of course, it needed improvements. Soon, a gearbox was installed on the car to overcome the climbs, and headlights were installed to drive at night. The braking system has also been improved.
In 1893, Benz launched a four-wheeled car with the victorious name Victoria. It is cheaper than Motorwagen, but has the best technical and operational qualities. 3 hp two-cylinder engine capable of accelerating the car up to 20 km / h. In the first year, 45 cars were sold, then it went up. German bankers, assessing the investment potential of the new industry, actively invested in Benz's company. Production expanded, the staff of workers, mechanics and engineers increased.
A year later - another novelty, Velo-Motorwagen, capable of speeds up to 25 km / h. Excellent high-speed qualities allowed the new car to win the first car race Paris - Rouen. Which did not take long to affect sales - for 8 years more than 2.5 thousand four-wheeled Victoria and Velo-Motorwagen were produced and sold. In parallel with the production of passenger cars, Benz mastered the production of a truck, and then the first bus in history.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the company stalled. This was due to the fact that, against the will of Karl Benz, in 1903 they began to introduce into production a model developed by a group of French engineers with a body more in line with the spirit of the times, which was the height of respectability and comfort. However, the case stalled due to the fact that the French were new to the peculiarities of German industrial technology. After four years in which the company's revenues declined ominously, Benz has overcome the crisis. Having improved the design of the new chassis, he installed a new four-cylinder in-line engine on it.
All new models of the world famous Benz brand. And another brand, no less famous, was moving in a parallel course.
In all elements
Gottlieb Daimler (1834 - 1900), who was born into the family of a baker in a small town near Stuttgart, had to show enviable perseverance in his adolescence so as not to become a successor to the family craft. In the end, having received his father's blessing, at the age of 13 he came as an apprentice to a weapons workshop, where for almost 10 years he bore the barrels of hunting rifles, planed butts and straightened triggers. And only in 1857 he entered the Stuttgart Polytechnic Institute. And after his graduation, he gained experience at the factories of England, France and Belgium, until he got to the factory in Reutlingen in 1863.
It was a charitable or, as they say now, a social institution that provided work for the disabled, orphans and the poor. It was here that Daimler met the gifted nineteen-year-old engineer Wilhelm Maybach (1846 - 1929), who lost his parents at the age of eleven. Once in the shelter, the young man not only completed a full course of secondary education, but also acquired at first the profession of a draftsman, and later a designer. Maybach became an ally and partner of Daimler for many years.
Since 1869 they have been working for the Maschinenbau-Gesellschaft Karlsruhe AG in Karsruhe. Since 1872 - in Deutz-AG, the Cologne company of Nikolaus Otto (1832 - 1891), who invented the four-stroke gas engine in 1876. Here Daimler took the post of technical director, and Maybach - the chief designer.
Both Daimler and Maybach, unlike Benz, were quite satisfied with their then specialization in the field of stationary engines. They did not even think of attaching wheels to them. And there would be no happiness for the German automotive industry, but misfortune helped. Friends to the nines quarreled with CEO Otto and in 1882 moved to Stuttgart. Where they started their own business.
Squeezing into the market for stationary engines was not easy even then. And they decided to carve out their own niche - not knowing that they were on a parallel path with Karl Benz. The motto formulated by them then is relevant to this day - engines for land, water and air. And, indeed, already in the next decade, their four-stroke units were already turning the wheels, turning propellers and spin the propellers. These three elements are reflected in the emblem of the Daimler company, which is a three-pointed star.
They started with sushi. In 1885, when the first workable 0.4 hp engine was ready, the partners installed it on a wooden frame, to which two wooden wheels were attached. The result was the first motorcycle in history that required a truly circus dexterity from the rider. Maybach, as the youngest, not only saddled this structure, but also stayed in the saddle for 15 minutes, driving 3 km along the Neckar River. The motorcycle was immediately patented and named "Reitwagen".
A year later, the second 1.5 hp engine was ready. It was installed on a horse-drawn carriage and dispersed to 16 km / h. Naturally, in a straight line, since the coachman drives such a vehicle with the reins without the help of the steering wheel. It is quite clear that the Benz three-wheeled carriage, tested in the same year, was a much closer prototype modern car than the "Daimler-Maybach model".
In 1887, an outboard motor was tested. And a year later, the engine was installed on a balloon, not so much to accelerate it, but to assess the possibilities of the normal functioning of the internal combustion power plant in the air element. Subsequently, it was the Maybach-designed engines that Count Zeppelin used in his giant airships.
Beautiful Mercedes
As a result of fruitful experiments on land, on water and in the air, the Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft (DMG) company was created in 1888, in which Daimler played a more managerial role, determining development strategy, and Maybach concentrated on engine design.
Especially for the World Exhibition in Paris in 1888, the company released its first "serious" Daimler car, equipped with a unique engine for those times. It was the first ever V-twin engine with a 17° camber angle. At 900 rpm, the engine developed 1.6 hp, the wheels were driven by a gear instead of a traditional chain. The car gained significant commercial success - the NSU bicycle factory in Neckarsulm acquired the right to mass-produce it, and the French Armand Peugeot and Emile Levassor bought a patent for the engine and transmission, while pledging to put the Daimler brand on their products. With the proceeds, Daimler created a powerful pilot production, where Maybach began to work for the future.
Thus, patented hydraulic brake, a spray carburetor with a syringe jet and a Phoenix engine with a power of 25 hp. The new engine was installed on racing car, created by order of the head of the Daimler representative office in France and the ambassador of Austria-Hungary in Nice, Emil Jellinek. The ambassador had a beloved daughter, Mercedes, after whom the car that won the Nice-La Turbie mountain race was named. So Daimler became Mercedes.
In 1901, when Daimler was no longer alive, Maybach produced a Mercedes with a 32-horsepower Simplex engine. The car was equipped with a 4-speed gearbox. A year later, the power increased to 45 hp. Maybach annually increased engine power and improved driving performance cars, and his position in the company was getting worse due to the intrigues of the shareholders. In 1907, when the racing Mercedes 60PS was launched with a 60-horsepower monster engine with a displacement of 9575 cc, which accelerated the car to 95 km / h, he left the company and, together with his son Karl, founded his own company, Maybach- Motorenbau GmbH, which became the exclusive supplier of engines for German zeppelins. Later, in 1922, when Wilhelm Maybach had already retired from all business, his son Karl, having established the production of cars under the Maybach brand.
Maybach was replaced by Paul Daimler, the son of the founding father, and then Ferdinand Porsche. Under them, the increase in power, speed and comfort of Mercedes cars continued. And in 1926, the merger of the two main companies of the German automobile industry was carried out. As a result, the well-known Mercedes-Benz brand, and the combined company was named Daimler-Benz AG (since 2007 - Daimler AG). Now Daimler AG is still one of the leaders in the global automotive industry. The corporation has a whole set of "star" brands at its disposal, including Maybach, Mercedes-Benz, Mercedes-AMG, Smart, Freightliner, Detroit Diesel ... And it all started with a brilliant trinity - Karl Benz, Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach.
If you managed to create such a development that opens up a fundamentally new product niche, you should fill it across the entire spectrum of possible consumer preferences - otherwise others will use your idea.
REMOVALS:
Karl Benz, on the advice of his wife Bertha, went down to the workshop three minutes before the New Year, 1878. I revved the flywheel, turned on the ignition, the engine sneezed and went into steady state when the clock on the town hall struck its twelfth time. A new era has come - the automobile.
The new engine was installed on a racing car, created by order of the head of the Daimler representative office in France and the Austrian-Hungarian ambassador in Nice, Emil Jellinek. The ambassador had a beloved daughter, Mercedes, after whom the car was named.
The site browser studied the history of the Daimler company, created in 1890 by Gottlieb Daimler, which is known Mercedes cars, survived two world wars, several major crises, and now has regained leadership in the premium car market. In 1926 Daimler was merged with Benz company& Sie. Since then, the company has been Audi owner, Chrysler, and also controlled stakes in Mitsubishi Motors, Hyundai, SsangYong and Tesla.
Automobile concern Daimler is known all over the world. Prior to this, the company had to go through decades of competition, two world wars and a variety of crises. At the same time, Daimler, known for the release of Mercedes and other automotive brands, has never lowered its quality requirements. Now Daimler is still among the major automakers world and is trying to succeed, including in the electric vehicle market.
Biography of Gottlieb Daimler. Creation of Daimler
The founder of the company was the German engineer and entrepreneur Gottlieb Daimler. He was born in the German city of Schorndorf in 1834. The father of the future entrepreneur was a baker. Gottlieb received a good education. At first he studied at a regular elementary school, and at the request of his father he was transferred to a Latin school for the last grades. In 1848, Daimler was sent to study with the gunsmith Reitel. Daimler learned the profession quite easily, demonstrating a clear engineering talent.
Then the future entrepreneur decided to study at a vocational school in Stuttgart. Usually there were trained at an older age. The founder of the Stuttgart School was Ferdinand Shtanbeis. He noticed Daimler among other students at the school, but Gottlieb lacked practical skills at the time. Shtanbeis did not mind helping him.
Gottlieb Daimler
It was thanks to Stanbeis that Daimler managed to get a job at the F. Rolle and Schwilke factory in 1853. The director of the company was Friedrich Mesmer, previously a successful lecturer at the Karlsruhe Polytechnic University. He knew how to turn talented young professionals into brilliant professionals. The plant produced freight cars, participated in tenders for the production of bridges and worked in several other areas.
Daimler-Benz is a German manufacturer of automobiles and internal combustion engines. The company was founded in 1926 and transformed into Daimler-Chrysler in 1998.
History of creation
In the 1880s, Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz independently invented the high-speed engine. In 1885, Daimler and his business partner Wilhelm Maybach developed what would become the modern gasoline engine.
Around the same time, Karl Benz used bicycle technology and a four-stroke engine to create one of the first automobiles. In 1883, after a long struggle with unstable business partners and bank demands, he founded Benz & Co Rheinische Gasmotoren-Fabrik. It became one of the first two automotive companies in Germany. In 1886, Karl Benz received patent No. 37435 for his three-wheeled self-propelled "Motorwagen", which forever changed the world transport system. His wife, Berta, was actively involved in her husband's affairs, buying back the former partner's shares with her dowry. She promoted Benz's inventions by driving a newly patented car for 100 miles.
Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft (DMG) was founded in 1890 by lifelong business partners Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach. In 1885 they invented the internal combustion engine, and in 1886 they successfully equipped a motorcycle, a boat and a stagecoach with it. Their motor was not only smaller than others, but also much more powerful. Already in 1892, after the success with the engine, they began to produce cars. Disagreements with shareholders forced Daimler and Maybach out of business. In 1894 they took back the company. Gottlieb died in 1900 and Maybach ran DMG until he left the company in 1907.
Both companies continued to operate during and after the First World War. However, they were affected by the economic crisis that followed the signing of the Treaty of Versailles. Benz & Cie and DMG entered into an agreement to protect mutual interests in 1924, which was to be valid until 2000. However, in 1926 the decision was made to complete the complete merger. Thus, Daimler-Benz was born. And Mercedes-Benz became a joint automotive project.
World War II
During World War II, like many companies, Daimler-Benz produced armaments at the behest of the government. After the invasion of Poland, the Nazis seized most of the German industrial facilities in order to begin preparations for a "blitzkrieg".
In 1936, the production of Daimler-Benz engines for the German military began. Since there was not enough production capacity, a new factory was built in a hidden location near Berlin that same year. By 1941, the company realized that the war would be long, and the production of civilian vehicles at its facilities was discontinued.
Since there was not enough workforce, Daimler-Benz began to hire women, and also used the labor of prisoners of war and civilians forcibly taken out of Western Europe. The labor of prisoners of concentration camps built near the production facilities was also used. The company did not deny that the workers were treated inhumanely during the war, and did not hide their links with the Nazis.
Recovery
All foreign assets of the company were confiscated and sold to secure post-war reparations. Thus, she returned to the state in which she was 20 years ago. Denazification changed the leadership of Daimler-Benz. Main plant became a service center military equipment allies. It took a year to get permission from the Americans to resume car production. It took another 2 years to restore the plant. The reconstruction was fully completed only in 1951.
Despite a slow start, by 1947 the company had resumed production at all of its factories in Germany. Two enterprises continued to produce trucks. At two other facilities, the production areas were completely destroyed and had to be rebuilt. The first profit appeared 3 years after the end of the war.
worldwide expansion
After recovering, the company grew rapidly and set sales records. Its growth was due not only to domestic demand, but also to exports.
After the currency restructuring of 1948, the West German economy entered a period of fantastic industrial growth and low inflation. This contrasted sharply with the economic depression and runaway inflation after World War I. In 1954, Daimler-Benz's annual turnover reached one billion marks. The number of Mercedes-Benz vehicles sold during this time has become one of the symbols of the German economic miracle.
Until the 1950s, Daimler-Benz was forced to rely on independent distributors, but this was risky and inefficient, so they began to expand their own distribution network. By 1955 there were 178 general distributors worldwide.
Daimler-Benz seized the opportunity to expand its production capacity on the international market. As a result, a period of rapid international expansion began. Factories were opened in Brazil, Argentina and India. The governments of these countries demanded the use of local resources in exchange for an import license. Production expanded to Iran, Turkey and South Africa.
US conquest
One of the biggest success factors for the company during this period was its breakthrough in American market. The North American chapter was founded in 1955. Daimler-Benz partnered with Austrian luxury car importer Max Hoffman based in New York. The partner offered his dealers across the United States to sell the Mercedes-Benz 300SL Gull Wing. The car was so popular that 80% of all 300SL models produced were sold to American customers.
Motorsport also helped establish Mercedes-Benz's reputation for making cars for the sophisticated customer. "Daimler-Benz" participated in the most famous motor racing. For example, the company has competed in the Carrera Panamericana Mexico as well as Grand Prix races. According to user feedback, success in the competition has contributed to Mercedes' reputation as a technologically advanced luxury car.
Commercial vehicles were the engine of the company's growth in the post-war period. In 1949, the Mercedes-Benz L 3250 was introduced. In the same year, the creation of the FRG was completed. The new republic demanded new system public transport, and began producing much-needed Daimler-Benz trucks and buses.
stable leader
In the 1960s, the economic boom of the previous decade brought stability to Daimler-Benz. In the 1970s, the auto industry was hit hard by the 1973 oil crisis. Manufacturers have been forced by many governments to create economical vehicles to get rid of dependence on foreign oil. Nevertheless German company retained their position. In Europe, it has become the market leader in luxury cars as well as buses and trucks.
International expansion was replaced by domestic. Several factories were expanded in 1960 and 1970. New products have appeared. Despite financial stability, there have been major changes in the management of Daimler-Benz. 14% of the company's shares were sold to the government of Kuwait, and another 29% to Deutsche Bank.
Daimler-Benz has grown rapidly since the late 1950s. But to maintain market share, companies need to innovate. This pioneering spirit has been present since its inception at the end of the 19th century and has continued for over 100 years. Listed below are just a few of the dozens technological advances made during this period:
- Daimler-Benz began producing CFC-free climate-controlled models long before other manufacturers.
- For maximum effective work The car uses a network that connects all of its systems. This feature became standard in 1992. The technology was created by Bosch for industrial use, but Daimler-Benz adapted it for their luxury cars a few years before other automakers.
