General device caterpillar mover

The caterpillar mover consists of:

Caterpillar tracks 2 pcs.

Driving wheels 2 pcs.

Guide wheels with tensioners 2 pcs.

Track rollers 12 pcs.

Support rollers 6 pcs.

Guide wheel cleaners 2 pcs.

caterpillar track small-link, with a rubber-metal hinge consists of 85 tracks, hinged to each other using rubberized fingers, brackets and bolts.

Fig.4.1. Chassis:

1 - driving wheel; 2 - spring stop; 3 - limiter; 4 - an arm of fastening of an earring of a hydraulic shock-absorber; 5 - hydraulic shock absorber; 6 - rubber stop; 7 - stopper of a filling opening of pipes of balancers; 8 - balancer: 9 - board; 10 - support roller; 11 - caterpillar; 12 - cleaner; 13 - steering wheel; 14 - the sixth track roller; 15 - bracket; 16 , 21 - fingers; 17 - rubber bushing; 18 - caterpillar track; 19 , 20 , 22 - track rollers; 23 - sample; 24 - cleaner guide; 25 , 26 - bolts; A- tooth thickness

The truck is a figured forging made of high-alloy steel (manganese steel LG 13). On the outer side of the track, figured protrusions are stamped, which are lugs, increasing its adhesion to the ground. The inner surface of the track is made smooth. Two ridges are welded to it, forming a treadmill and preventing the caterpillar from leaving the rollers. The track has two lugs, into which fingers with bushings vulcanized on them (rubber-metal hinge) are pressed. Flats are milled at the ends of the fingers. When assembling the caterpillar track, the fingers of adjacent tracks are interconnected by brackets made of high-strength steel. The brackets are two cylinders connected by a jumper. The brackets are fixed on the fingers with bolts screwed into the jumper, which is made with a horizontal slot. Stopping occurs due to compression of the jumper. When connecting the tracks between them, an inflection angle of 15 ° is set. When rewinding the tape, the rotation of the tracks relative to each other is carried out by twisting the rubber, without friction of the finger on the eye. This increases the reliability of the rubber-metal joint (RMH) and increases the mileage of the track.

drive wheel (Fig. 4.2) is used to rewind the track. It is installed on the BP driven shaft and consists of a hub and two gear rims. The cast hub has internal splines for connection with the BP driven shaft. Removable toothed rims are bolted to the hub disks. To increase wear resistance, a layer of hard alloy is deposited on the working surfaces of the teeth. The drive wheel is mounted on the shank of the final drive carrier with a splined hub and fastened to the carrier with a plug, which is locked with a bolt and spacer cone.

Rice. 4.2. Driving wheel:

1 - carrier shank; 2 - final drive; 3 - safety wire; 4 - stopper of fastening of a leading wheel; 5 , 6 - bolts; 7 - gear rims; 8 - frame.

When installing the caterpillar belt, the teeth of the rims are located between the earrings, ensuring the rewinding of the tape when the drive wheel rotates.

Guide wheel with tension mechanism(Fig. 4.3)

Guide wheel serves to guide the caterpillar when it is rewound. It is mounted on a crank at the rear of the body and consists of hubs, spokes, rims. The wheel hub is mounted on bearings on the crank axle and fastened to it with a nut. The wheel rims pass between the ridges of the belt, fixing the position of the track. A seal is attached to the end of the hub, which retains grease in the bearings and prevents dirt from entering it. The hub is closed with a lid, in the middle part of which there is a threaded filling hole, closed with a stopper. The bearings are lubricated with LITOL-24 grease.

1 - ball bearing; 2 - lid; 3 - screw; 4 - cork; 5 - nut stopper; 6 - a bolt of fastening of a cover; 7 - wheel disks; 8 - stiffening rib; 9 - spacer sleeve; 10 - roller bearing; 11 And 32 - cuffs; 12 - labyrinth seal; 13 - crank; 14 - worm bushing; 15 - flange; 16 - adjusting gaskets; 17 - worm wheel; 18 - worm; 19 - gear clutch; 20 - a bolt of fastening of a lock level; 21 - locking bar of the nut; 22 - crank nut; 23 - crank axle bushing; 24 - retaining ring; 25 - body of the tension mechanism; 26 - crank axle; 27 - the neck of the body; 28 - labyrinth seal cover; 29 - side of the hull; 30 - axis of the guide wheel; 31 - cuff holder; 33 - hex head.

Tension mechanism serves to tension the track. It consists of a crank, a worm wheel, a worm and a locking device. The crank axle is mounted in the housing on bronze bushings. On one axis of the crank, a worm wheel is installed on splines, on the second axis - a guide wheel. A worm is installed in the tide of the body, which is engaged with the worm wheel. The worm shaft has a hexagonal head for turning it. The rotation of the worm causes the worm wheel to rotate together with the crank and move the guide wheel. The crank is fixed in any of the intermediate positions by a locking mechanism. The locking mechanism includes a locking clutch having end conical teeth. The clutch is mounted on the splines of the crank axle. The clutch is pressed with teeth to the conical teeth of the mechanism body and held in this position by a nut, fixed with a stopper with a bolt.

To change the tension of the track, it is necessary to unlock and unscrew the nut, move the clutch, disengaging it from the body. By rotating the worm, turn the crank, while the axis of the guide wheel moves relative to the axis of the drive wheel, which leads to a change in the tension of the track. There is a plug in the body for filling the CIATIM-208 lubricant.

Track rollers(Fig. 4.4) are used to distribute the weight of the machine on the supporting surface of the caterpillar. The track roller is single, hollow and consists of a hub, two discs and a bandage welded together. On a steel bandage, a massive rubber tire.

The roller hub is mounted on bearings on the axis of the balancer and is attached to the axis with a nut, which is fixed with a stopper. A spacer sleeve is installed between the bearings.

A cover with a filling hole closed by a plug with an aluminum or fiber gasket is bolted to the roller hub. There is a rubber o-ring between the cover and the hub. On the opposite side, the roller hub is closed with a cover with a labyrinth seal, a rubber cuff and a sealing ring. The rink covers are mounted on minium. The seals prevent the lubricant from escaping from the roller, as well as the ingress of water and dirt into the hub cavity. Bearings are lubricated with LITOL-24 grease.

Support rollers(fig. 4.5) The support rollers are designed to support and guide the upper branches of the tracks during their rewinding.

Single-band support roller with vulcanized rubber tyre. The roller hub is made of aluminum alloy. At the point of contact with the caterpillar ridges, steel nuts are screwed into the roller hub on both sides.

Rice. 4.4. Track roller with suspension:

1 - balance pipe; 2 - suspension bracket; 3 , 12 - traffic jams; 4 - hydraulic shock absorber; 5 - spring stop balancer; 6 - roller axle; 7 - hub; 8 - limiter; 9 , 26 - covers; 10 - rubber ring; 11 - stopper; 13 - labyrinth seal; 14 - hub cover; 15 , 28 - cuffs; 16 - roller bearing; 17 - sealing ring; 18 - lock nut; 19 - disk; 20 - bandage; 21 - rubber tire; 22 - adjusting gaskets; 23 - balancer; 24 - eye; 25 - bolt; 27 - sleeve; 29 - torsion shafts; 30 - bottom.

The supporting roller is mounted on the axis of the bracket on two ball bearings and is fastened with a nut, which is fixed with a stopper. Spacers are installed between the bearings.

A lid with a filling hole is attached to the rink hub, closed with a stopper with an aluminum or fiber gasket. A rubber o-ring is installed under the cover. On the opposite side, the roller hub is closed with a cover with a labyrinth seal, a cuff and a sealing ring. Lids are mounted on red lead.

Seals prevent oil leakage from the roller, as well as the ingress of water and dirt into the hub cavity. The bearings are lubricated with MT-16p oil.

Idler wheel cleaners 12 (Fig. 4.1) are used to clean the guide wheels. Mounted on the sides of the machine, in front of the guide wheels in slotted strips and fastened with four bolts. The cleaner is an L-shaped steel plate and can move along the grooves of the guide and lock in intermediate positions with nuts.

Rice. 4.5. Support roller:

1 - adjusting gaskets; 2 - roller bracket; 3 - hub; 4 - back cover; 5 - a nut of fastening of a skating rink; 6 - hub rib; 7 - nut pin; 8 - lid; 9 - lubrication plug; 10 - a bolt of fastening of a cover; 11 - ball bearing; 12 - spacer sleeve; 13 - roller axle; 14 - self-cuffing cuff; 15 - labyrinth seal; 16 - a bolt of fastening of an arm; 17 - cover bolt.

For the most effective cleaning wheels from snow between the cleaner and the wheel rim, a gap of 3 - 5 mm is established.

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We have already discussed how the history of the appearance of tanks looked like, and now some component of this topic.

The prototype of a modern caterpillar mover was first proposed by the French engineer d'Herman, who in 1713 sent the project "rosary of rollers" to the French Academy of Sciences - a loading platform was placed on a frame with a likeness of a mono-caterpillar in the form of a set of wide wooden rollers connected in a chain and rolling around frames from the bottom of the platform. D'Herman's idea was approved, but did not find practical application.

The year of the creation of the caterpillar mover can be considered 1818, when the Frenchman Dubochet received the privilege of arranging carriages with movable rail tracks.

But who is considered the inventor of the caterpillar in Russia ...

The caterpillar mover provides cross-country ability. Big square...

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Caterpillar mover of the Ukhtysh snow and swamp vehicle circuit diagram caterpillar mover

Caterpillar mover - mover self-propelled vehicles, in which the traction force is created by rewinding the tracks.

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The invention relates to transport engineering, in particular to wheeled-caterpillar movers. Wheel-caterpillar mover contains a caterpillar chain with tracks in the form of pneumatic cushions, covering the drive and driven sprockets, spars and support rollers. The caterpillar chain is made in the form of a flexible endless inextensible belt, on which the rotation axes of paired pneumatic wheels are mounted, supported in the lower branch of the chain by pavement from the outside and on the drive support rollers located at a small distance from one another on the bottom of the spar, with inside. EFFECT: increased cross-country ability on loose soils and improved traction qualities. 1 ill.

The invention relates to transport engineering, in particular to wheeled-caterpillar movers.

Known wheeled-caterpillar mover /see. Pat. No. 2119438 (class B62D 55/08) dated 06/03/1994/, containing a caterpillar chain with tracks in the form of pneumatic cushions, covering ...

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Caterpillar mover - the mover of self-propelled machines, in which tractive effort is created by rewinding caterpillar tracks.

In the literature there is a name - Caterpillar platform.

The caterpillar mover provides increased cross-country ability. A large area of ​​contact between the tracks and the soil allows for a low average pressure on the ground - 11.8-118...

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caterpillar mover

Schematic diagram of a caterpillar mover

Caterpillar mover - the mover of self-propelled machines, in which tractive effort is created by rewinding caterpillar tracks. The caterpillar mover provides increased cross-country ability. A large area of ​​contact between the tracks and the soil allows for a low average pressure on the ground - 11.8-118...

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General information about cars

Caterpillar movers developed at a slower pace. But due to the fact that the tracks have a large area of ​​contact with the ground and are able to develop high traction force, tractors with such an engine have long been used as a base for traction or loading machines for work on snow, wet soils, in particular, with low bearing capacity. Traditionally, caterpillar propellers are usually used in the territory of the former Soviet Union, in the USA, and then - in Canada, New Zealand, Australia and the UK. They were forestry tractors or special machines based excavators.

Caterpillar mover - the mover of self-propelled machines, in which tractive effort is created by rewinding caterpillar tracks consisting of separate links - tracks. The caterpillar mover provides increased cross-country ability. The large area of ​​contact between the caterpillars and the soil allows for low pressure - 31-122...

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On March 27, 1878, the Russian peasant F. A. Blinov applied for a patent for the “wagon with endless rails” he invented (the world’s first caterpillar tractor).

CATERPILLAR IS AS GREAT AND FUNDAMENTAL AS THE WHEEL. BUT IF THE NAME OF THE CREATOR OF THE WHEEL IS LOST IN THE DEEP OF THE CENTURIES, THEN THE INVENTOR OF THE CATERPILLAR FROM WHICH THE TRACTORS AND TANKS WERE DONE IS KNOWN. THIS IS THE RUSSIAN PEASANT FEDOR ABRAMOVICH BLINOV.

Blinov was born in 1827 in the village of Nikolsky, Volsky district. Saratov province. Parents were serfs. The usual peasant childhood of that time was work from an early age, corvée for the landowner. I first got acquainted with the technique, working with my father in the forge. As soon as he became literate, he began to read a lot. There were also books on "mechanics". It was then that his interest in technology arose, the desire to get to know it in practice. Where, at that time, could a peasant boy from a Volga village most easily realize this desire? Of course, on the Volga, by ...

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I believe that this article will be of interest to those who are seriously interested military equipment:

Military department: who invented the tank tracks and how the tracks of our tanks differ from Western ones

Often we are surrounded by things about the origin of which we do not think, but take them for granted. This also applies to military equipment. Why certain types of weapons are made in the form in which we are used to seeing them, and which concepts did not take root and why. This is precisely what the subsection of the heading "Defence and Security" - "Military Department" is devoted to, in which leading specialists of the Russian defense industry answer these questions to Vestyam.Ru.

In this note, we want to answer the question: who invented tank tracks and how do the tracks of our tanks differ from Western ones? It will help to figure it out CEO AO" Omsk plant transport engineering" (part of "Uralvagonzavod") Igor Lobov.

By whom and when were caterpillars invented?

An example of modern...

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combat vehicles with wheel-caterpillar mover

Working to increase the mobility of combat vehicles in the early 1900s. designers actively created new types of propellers, in particular combined (wheel-tracked). The machines were equipped with wheels and tracks, which, depending on road conditions were used separately. In this version, each type of propulsion had its own transmission drives and control systems, which complicated the design. A running gear scheme was also proposed, where wheeled and tracked propellers worked in parallel. This made it possible to redistribute the load, thereby improving the machine's cross-country ability and its traction performance. Initially, propellers were widely used, in which the caterpillar part transmitted traction, and the wheel part was used as an additional support and ensured the turn.

In Russia, the first machine with a combined propulsion unit was created in 1909 by a talented mechanic at the workshops of the Imperial Court...

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Agroweekend: The history of the caterpillar tractor

In early May 1935, a decision was made to convert the Kharkov plant to the production of caterpillar tractors. For the next anniversary of this event, we decided to briefly recall the history of the tractor caterpillar.

It would seem that a caterpillar tractor and the ancient commander Hannibal could have in common ... During the Roman campaign, the Carthaginians often found themselves behind enemy lines, overcoming swamps that seemed impassable. Hannibal is credited with the invention of the "mobile gati". The warriors walked on their own shields laid under their feet. The shields, having fulfilled their function, were gradually transferred forward. As a matter of fact, the caterpillar principle was implemented, in which the supports at the rear gradually move forward and again fit under the wheels.

But the first "caterpillar", reminiscent of the modern one, was invented, as they say, by the Frenchman d'Herman. It was an endless belt of rotating rollers, moving...

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It is difficult to imagine a modern tank without a reliable caterpillar propulsion system that provides it with the ability to move without roads in difficult terrain.
The prototype of the modern caterpillar mover was first created in 1713 by d "Erman. The project, which received positive feedback French Academy, was a trolley for heavy loads, rolling on endless belts of wooden rollers, the ends of which were pivotally connected by planks.

In subsequent years, the development of Dubochet's idea and the use of the propeller of his design for both military and civilian purposes proceeded extremely rapidly. In 1821, the Englishman John Richard Barry received a patent for the invention of endless chains wound around the two rear wheels of a wagon, one on each side. tracked vehicle English inventor John Gitkot received a patent in 1832 and was used for two years on the development of swampy lands in Lancashire.

In resolving issues...

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Caterpillar tractors, with better cross, appeared almost in parallel with the wheeled ones. And subsequently each of them demonstrated its advantages, proved its necessity and competitiveness. Caterpillar travel appeared much later than the wheel. The wheel, planted on an axis, already in the IV millennium BC. e. used in practice, and the first project of a caterpillar mover appeared in the 18th century.

Erman's rosary

In 1713, a certain d "Erman submitted to the French Academy of Sciences a project for a "cart of a new device with a device to reduce friction." cargo platform stood on a frame, at the bottom of which a wide chain of wooden rollers rotated. The inventor himself called it the rosary of rollers. However, the invention has not found practical application.

Endless Rails

Appearance railways influenced the inventors of the caterpillar mover. It is no coincidence that in such projects, which were quite a few at that time, “endless rails” are mentioned. In 1770, the Irish landowner Richard Lovel Edgeworth came up with the idea of ​​supplementing an ordinary carriage with wooden portable rails - "a rolling road formed by wooden blocks carried by a wagon and lined regularly in such a way that they always have sufficient contact with the soil to move the wagon." Similar inventions were proposed by Thomas Gerdman (in 1801) and William Palmer (1812), somewhat different - John Richard Bari (1821) and George Cayley (1825). All of them were designed to facilitate the work of horses, because tracked carts still had to drag these animals.

Shoes and walking wheels

The fact that the permeability of the wagon increases if the diameter of the wheel is increased has been known to mankind for a long time. Later, they decided to supplement the large wheel with support shoes (wooden blocks), which reduce the pressure of the wagon on the ground. In 1831, Lewis Gompers proposed to put on a wheel a chain of shoes hinged to each other. So that when driving on the ground, there are always two tracks under the wheel.

In 1835, the Dietz brothers invented the "road train", on the driving wheels of the tractor-locomotive of which there were shoes hinged on the rim. In 1846, James Boydell patented a similar "wheel with an endless track".

The idea of ​​a walking wheel came to many inventors. So, only in France in 1871-1874 36 patents for such inventions were issued. The practical use of the wheel on the shoes was found in artillery pieces. The "artillery wheel" served not only and not so much to increase cross-country ability, but to reduce the recoil of the gun when fired. To the first world war walking wheels were quite widely used in heavy artillery.

wooden caterpillars

The advent of the steam engine caused a new surge of inventions related to the improvement of the running gear. In 1932, George Gitkot put a steam locomobile on a caterpillar track: big wheels covered with a linen tape with wooden slats glued to it. At that time, wood was still the main material for the manufacture of parts of various designs. But already in 1936, Dominique Cabarus, who dreamed of conquering sandy and snowy deserts, having made a wheelbarrow with wooden "movable endless rails", argued that it would be more efficient with metal ones.

In 1857, William Newton received a patent for "an improved device for movable rails for the movement of steam engines on ordinary roads and no roads at all. James Welch first proposed to fasten the caterpillar to the hull through a semi-elliptical spring, that is elastic suspension. In 1859, Warren P. Miller, applying for a patent for a "locomotive machine," already envisioned it as a tractor for a plow, harrow, or seed drill. On his steam tractor, the caterpillar consisted of shoes connected by longitudinal links, and was thrown over large front and rear wheels and smaller diameter track rollers.

As you can see, the caterpillar in the 19th century was invented many times in different places. Since the "old" inventions remained unknown (most existed only in projects), new ones appeared. By the end of the 19th century, several dozen caterpillar propellers were patented.

Steel structures

At the end of the 19th century, the inventors of the caterpillar were increasingly inclined towards steel structures. And here we should once again recall the Russian designer steam tractor Fyodor Blinov. In his car, the caterpillar consisted of interchangeable steel tracks, the track consisted of upper links (rails) and lower links (sleepers, or shoes). In addition to the road wheels, the machine had two rear-wheel drive wheels, with cast-iron gear rims that engaged the caterpillar on the link hinges. Each caterpillar was powered by a separate steam engine(with a single boiler), which made it possible to make turns by adjusting the speed of rotation of one caterpillar.

In 1888, Blinov was the first to build and test real car this type, regardless of foreign analogues. However, practical application and mass production caterpillar tractors, both in Russia and abroad, began only in the 20th century.

General information about machines

Caterpillar movers developed at a slower pace. But due to the fact that the tracks have a large area of ​​contact with the ground and are capable of developing high traction force, tractors with such an engine have long been used as a base for traction or loading machines for working on snow, wet soils, in particular, with low bearing capacity. Traditionally, caterpillar propellers are usually used in the former Soviet Union, in the USA, and then in Canada, New Zealand, Australia and the UK. These were forestry tractors or special machines based on excavators.

Caterpillar mover - the mover of self-propelled machines, in which tractive effort is created by rewinding caterpillar tracks consisting of separate links - tracks. The caterpillar mover provides increased cross-country ability. The large area of ​​contact between the caterpillars and the soil makes it possible to provide low pressure - 31-122 kN / m² (0.3-1.2 kgf / cm²), that is, less pressure from a person's foot. Thus, the caterpillar mover is protected from deep immersion in the ground.

The main part of the caterpillar mover is the caterpillar belt:

Caterpillar belt (caterpillar) - a closed continuous belt or chain of articulated links (tracks) used in a caterpillar mover. On the inner surface of the caterpillar there are depressions or protrusions with which the drive wheels of the machine interact. The outer surface of the caterpillar is equipped with protrusions (lugs) that provide traction with the ground. Removable spurs are used to increase track traction on low bearing capacity soils. Caterpillars can be metal, rubber-metal and rubber. Most widespread received metal tracks with collapsible or non-collapsible links. To increase the wear resistance and service life of the caterpillar, their links, as well as connecting elements(pins, bushings) are made of special high-manganese steel and subjected to heat treatment, as well as rubber-metal hinges, needle bearing hinges, etc.

The history of the creation of the caterpillar

The inventor of the caterpillar in Russia is the Russian peasant Fyodor Abramovich Blinov. In 1877, he invents the caterpillar wagon. At the bottom of the frame, two carts were mounted on springs, which could rotate in a horizontal plane along with the axles of the support wheels. The endless rails of the car were closed iron bands, consisting of separate links. The car had four support wheels and four drive sprockets. In 1878, the merchant Kanunnikov, counting on profits from the introduction of caterpillar tracks, entered the Department of Trade and Manufactories with a request to grant Blinov a privilege, which No. 2245 was received a year later. The introductory part read: "The privilege issued from the Department of Trade and Manufactories in 1879 to the peasant Fyodor Blinov, for a special wagon with endless rails for transporting goods along highways and country roads ..."

In the United States, Best and Holt are considered the inventors of the caterpillar, who created a tractor with bulldozer equipment hung on it - it became the prototype of the modern bulldozer. Caterpillar - the name of the company founded by these inventors, translated means "caterpillar".

In France, the prototype of the modern caterpillar mover was first created in 1713 by d'Herman; the project, which received a positive response from the French Academy, was a heavy-load cart rolling on endless belts of wooden rollers, the ends of which are articulated with planks. The year of the creation of the caterpillar mover can be considered 1818, when the Frenchman Dubochet received the privilege of arranging carriages with movable rail tracks.

In addition to the caterpillar as part of the caterpillar mover for motor vehicles and long before the invention of caterpillar amphibians, the caterpillar was also used as a mover for water transport. such a caterpillar was a conveyor with oars. It was invented in 1782 by an inventor named Desblancx. It was patented in the USA in 1839 by William Levenworth.

Some types of caterpillar

According to the material of manufacture:

o metal.

o rubber-metal.

o rubber.

By the type of hinge used:

o with parallel hinge.

o with serial hinge.

By type of hinge lubrication:

o dry (or with an open metal hinge). The advantages of the design are simplicity and reliability in operation. The necessary resource is provided by high mechanical properties hinge parts.

o closed. The original seal in the link-bushing joint ensures the safety of the lubricant between the rubbing surfaces of the pin and the bushing during the entire service life of the track.

o with liquid lubricant. The original reinforced polyurethane/rubber seal ensures that the pivot is completely sealed for maximum track life.

o with rubber-metal joint. A rubber bushing is used between the hinge pin and the track, the caterpillar bending at the joints of the tracks occurs due to the displacement of rubber layers, which eliminates steel-on-steel friction and significantly increases the life of the track fingers and tracks.

o with needle-bearing joint. A needle bearing is used as a bushing. The resource of the caterpillar increases, but its design is much more complicated.

By type of tracks:

o stamped.

o welded.

Disadvantages of a caterpillar mover

· Rapid wear rubbing parts (lugs, fingers)

Breakage of tracks under uneven load

Getting snow and stones between the tracks and rollers

Caterpillar drive device:

Classification of machines in this group:

· With carrier rollers, rear wheel drive and free sloths.

· Without carrier rollers with rear location driving wheels.

· With carrier rollers, front drive wheel and idler carrier.

· Without support rollers with front drive wheel.

Analysis design features And specifications domestic and foreign cars this group:

Caterpillar movers of domestic and foreign manufacturers in mind simple principle the works do not have significant differences in design, the differences are observed only in the change in the shape of the tracks, the teeth of the drive wheels and minor modifications.

Device, principle of operation and working process of the machine: the device of caterpillar movers includes moving parts and elements:

The moving elements of caterpillar propellers include drive sprockets, caterpillars, rollers supporting and supporting the caterpillar, guide (tension) wheels.

The drive sprockets of the caterpillar chassis are designed to rewind the caterpillar tracks and, interacting with them, create the traction forces necessary to move the chassis along the tape, as if on a rail. Traction force is created as a result of the fact that during rotation, the sprocket with its teeth engages in the hinge pins of the tracks (pipelayer T-3560M) or chain links (TG-201 and TO-1224G) of the caterpillar belt.

The caterpillar is used to convert the rotational movement of the drive sprocket into forward movement chassis, to engage the chassis with the ground and to form an endless rail along which the chassis rolls on its road wheels.

The caterpillar of the T-3560M pipelayer consists of tracks pivotally connected to each other. The hinge consists of pins and three small and two large track eyes. The pin has a head with a locking bevel, which, in contact with the plane of the track wing, ensures that the pin is stopped from turning in small lugs.

The pins are set so that their heads are on the outside of the tracks. In the axial direction, the pin is locked by a washer with a cotter pin. The treadmill for rollers on a caterpillar is formed by the middle part of the tracks and is limited on the side by their longitudinal ridges.

The caterpillar of the TO-1224G pipelayer (Fig. 50) is an endless chain composed of 36 pairs of stamped steel links. The right and left links are interconnected by means of bushings, which are pressed into each pair of links under great effort. Neighboring pairs of links are interconnected by means of fingers threaded freely into the holes of the bushings and pressed with their ends into the holes of the links. In this case, the fingers can freely rotate in the bushings, forming a flexible chain. The protruding ends of the bushing of one pair of links enter the grooves of the outer cheeks of the links of the other pair, forming a labyrinth that prevents dirt from entering the hinge.

Rice. T-3560M pipelayer caterpillar:

1 - track, 2 - pin head, 3 - connecting pin, 4 and 5 - large and small track eyes, 6 - washer, 7 - cotter pin, 8 - comb, 9 - stop bevel of the pin head

The ends of the assembled chain are connected by means of a closing sleeve and a pin, two washers and two locking cones. The finger is not pressed; it freely enters the holes of the links and is fixed in them by cones that enter the conical blind holes of the pin. For the possibility of pressing the cones on both ends of the locking pin, two grooves are milled for the entire depth of the cone hole. The cones are pressed in with sledgehammer blows through the mandrel, pressed out with a puller, which is screwed into the end threaded hole of the cone, usually closed with a wooden plug. The cork protects the thread from damage and dirt.

To the links of the caterpillar chain, bolts and nuts are attached to the shoes, equipped with ridges, which increase the adhesion of the caterpillar to the ground.

When the pipelayer is moving, the sides of the links located against the shoes are two treadmills for the lower road wheels, and the teeth of the drive sprocket enter the space between the bushings.