There are many different types of controllers and sensors used in modern cars. Such devices can be control and executive. If for some reason the controller fails, this can cause inconvenience in terms of driving. What is a reverse sensor and what functions does it perform - the answers to these and other questions are presented below.
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Description of DZH
Purpose
Let's start with the purpose. DZH is a device designed to activate white lamps indicating the inclusion of reverse gear in the car. The device is used to turn on the reversing lights, which lets other road users know the driver's intentions and the maneuvers they are about to take.
In the event that it is dark outside, white headlights will also warn drivers of cars coming behind that your car is in their path. This, in turn, helps to prevent possible accidents and emergencies on the road. Where this device is located - the location may vary slightly, but as a rule, the controller is located on the gearbox.
Design and principle of operation
The DZH itself consists of a body, contacts for connection, a rod, a moving ball, and a return spring.
As for the principle of operation, it is as follows:
- The driver shifts the transmission lever to the reverse gear activation position.
- In this case, the shift fork of the gear lever is pressed against the controller.
- Further, the device carries out a cable closure to ground.
- After that, the light source set to is activated, which warns other drivers that the car has started to move in reverse.
Symptoms
What symptoms of a malfunction may indicate a breakdown of the DZH:
- One of the problems that happens most often is the oxidation of contacts on the leads or wiring. This problem is relevant for many car owners. To solve this problem, it is necessary to thoroughly clean the contacts, and then install them in place. When performing this work, the battery must be disconnected.
If the contacts are inoperative due to the fact that they are burned out, then they will have to be changed anyway. But before you make a replacement, you need to find out why the burnout occurred, most likely, the essence of the problem lies in power surges in the on-board network. - The device loosened in the seat. During the operation of the vehicle, the controller may slightly move out of the installation site, this problem is usually caused by high vibrations. In this case, you will just need to fix the device more securely at the installation site.
- Another reason for inoperability is the lack of contact with the on-board network in the gearbox. In this case, it is necessary to diagnose the condition of the contacts, as well as electrical circuits. If necessary, failed components must either be cleaned or replaced.
- The next problem is that there is no contact between the connection connector, as well as the safety mounting block. In this case, you also need to diagnose the condition of the contacts, as well as clean and change the wires, if necessary.
- Failure of the safety device. In this case, only replacing the fuse will solve the problem. If this part often fails, then the reason may be the same power surges. It is necessary to check the electrical circuit more carefully.
- The reverse light may not turn on due to the fact that the light source itself, that is, the lamp, has burned out. In this case, you will have to dismantle the upholstery of the optics in the trunk and replace the failed device.
- And, finally, the last reason for inoperability is the breakdown of the DZH. In this case, you will not be able to repair it, since such devices, as a rule, cannot be repaired. The controller will need to be changed (the author of the video is the DIY Auto Repair channel).
Health check
To diagnose the health of the device, you will need to drive the car into a pit or overpass in order to gain access to the DZH. The verification procedure is carried out using a tester - an ohmmeter. Alternatively, you can use a multimeter, just set it to ohm measurement mode.
Device testing is carried out as follows:
- First you need to get to the DZH and disconnect the connector connected to it.
- Then, the tester probes will need to be connected to the plug of the device, after which the device is set to the resistance measurement mode.
- Turn on the ignition and move the transmission lever to reverse gear.
- Start the power unit and look at the tester display. If the readings displayed on the screen are 0 ohms, while the tester gave a corresponding sound signal, this indicates that the device is fully operational. If the reverse lights do not turn on, then check the bulbs, fuse, connection circuit, and contacts.
- If, as a result of the test, the tester showed infinity, then this indicates that the controller is out of order, respectively, it must be changed (the author of the video on diagnostics and replacement is Igor K).
DIY replacement instructions
Now more about how the replacement is performed.
Consider the procedure using the example of a VAZ 2110 car:
- First, the car is driven into the pit. The place around the installed device must be cleaned of dirt, since after removing the device, all dust and debris will fall into the transmission. And this, in turn, can lead to its failure.
- Next, the crankcase protection is removed, for this it will be necessary to unscrew a few bolts.
- Now you will need a small container, in which you will collect the oil from the gearbox. When dismantling the DZH, part of the lubricating fluid will come out of the seat, which will subsequently need to be poured back.
- Disconnect the power connector from the controller and unscrew it from the installation location.
- Then clean the socket so that the new device is installed without problems in the seat. Install a new controller, don't forget the o-ring.
- Next, you will need to fill the transmission with the required amount of lubricating fluid, that is, what you drained needs to be poured back. But if the lubricant that you collected when removing the DZH contains traces of wear products, for example, metal chips, or sediment, then you need to think about replacing the fluid. Or, at least, you need to fill the box not with collected oil, but with new one.
- Then you just have to assemble all the elements in the reverse order and check the performance of the installed DZH.
Both do not burn, I thought the bulbs were burned out or the wires might not be tucked in: I checked - the bulbs are normal (the spiral is whole), the wires also fit where they need to. What could be the reason?
Re: Frog? I mean, the reversing light switch failed.
Or they forgot to put a wire on it, for example ... It happened to me in one service: they forgot to fasten a wire on it, but I thought it flew. ;)
Or maybe they just rotted away ... the tips on the frog
Re: Reversing lights not working. What is the reason?
Hi Zhenya!
It turns out so that if not CHY, then a frog. The point is that one of the pins of the connector is always positive. Therefore, it oxidizes and falls off. Look at the connector. Another option is fuse number 5 (F16), but then the wipers would not work and the turn signals and a bunch of other things ...
Re: Re: Reversing lights not working. What is the reason?
Hello! Thanks, I'll take a look. The fuse means in order. wipers and turn signals work.
Where is this frog on the box?
There is nothing in the book, and I did not find anything on the Internet. Will it be possible to change it without a hole in the conditions "on the street"?
Wow....
Oh Lord, bless this man! He doesn't know where the frog is!
She is at the checkpoint, on the left along the way, below. It sticks out towards the left wheel. It has two wires going to it. You can see on the ground. It is enough to remove the piece of iron that hangs under the engine. Or maybe it is, I don't remember.
If you decide to change the frog, keep in mind - oil will flow.
Yes, I am like this...
Misha, how do I know where it is, if earlier I repaired only a bicycle myself :-) and even then a Soviet one without a gearbox. So you have to ask stupid questions. And since there is no one else to ask them (I have no relatives in St. Petersburg, and so far I’m the only one from my friends on the car), then I have to decide everything through this conf. THANK YOU gentlemen for your answers. ... And I think there will still be a lot of questions, but I'm trying to understand little by little the device of this complex mechanism :-)))
Re: Yes I am...
It's not bad when there is a conf. It’s even better when you don’t mind spending 100 rubles and buying a Talmud for your car. Even if you look only at pictures at night, you can study the car in a week, and if you also read the text, then in a month you can learn how to adjust the carb.
Olegych St. Petersburg
I have three books...
Two devices, and one - minor repairs. Maybe, of course, I didn’t search well, but I didn’t find anything like that there (I’ll look again). One book is specially at home and I read it last night, so I try to match. And then the theory is very good, but practice is better - and I don’t have enough of it ... that’s why I consult with you.
Re: I have 3 books...
And the practice just consists in comparing what is drawn in the picture and what is in the hardware. I don’t believe that the switch for the ZX lights was missing in the picture. Yes, not the gods will burn the pots, you will learn.
The pedestrian is always right as long as he is alive...
Olegych St. Petersburg
Before changing the frog, ring it.
To do this, pull the wires off the frog and measure the resistance of the frog in the "reverse" position and any other position with an ohmmeter. In the "reverse" position, the ohmmeter should show a short circuit (0 ohms), and with the reverse gear turned off, it will show a break (infinity). In this case, the frog is working, and the problem is in the wiring ..
The second option is to short-circuit the wires going to the frog. If the lights come on when the ignition is on, it's a frog. Did not light up - in the wiring.
But there is a little more life in the world than death,
And there is a little more light in the world than darkness
(c) A.V. Makarevich
Reverse driving at night will be a real test if the car does not have reversing lights on. Consider why the lamps stopped burning and methods for self-search for the main causes. Chances are, being able to test the reverse light switch will be the most useful skill when troubleshooting.
Main reasons
Instead of a burned-out insert, only a fuse of the same rating should be installed. Installing a fusible link with a higher rating can cause a fire in the car. You can find all the selection rules in the article "" .
The place of the switch in the light switching circuit
On vehicles with manual transmission, the voltage to the lamps when reversing is supplied through the limit switch (the so-called frog), which is screwed directly into the gearbox housing. When you turn on the reverse gear inside the checkpoint, the switch button is pressed. The contacts inside the "frog" are bridged, the current begins to flow to the lamps.
On the circuit diagram for turning on the reversing lights, we can see that on the VAZ 1118 Kalina, the current from the battery through the ignition switch (No. 2) is supplied to the F1 fuse. Passing through the fuse that protects the switching circuit, "+" goes to the limit switch (No. 10). The contacts are in a normally open state and close only when the reverse gear is turned on. Thus, the current begins to flow to the bulbs. The second contact of the lamps is connected to the "-" battery through the common contact of the "mass" of the lamps.
On vehicles with automatic transmission, the role of the limit switch lies on the selector position sensor. Information about changing the location of the gear knob is transmitted to the engine ECU, the light control unit.
How to check the "frog"
If the reversing lights are on, then the problem is in the “frog”. Some drivers disassemble the switches, clean the contacts, after which the device continues to work properly. It is up to you to judge the expediency of such measures. But keep in mind that on many cars (including VAZ models) the limit switch is located below the oil level in the gearbox. We recommend simply replacing the switch on sensor. For minimal oil loss, jack up the car from the side where the limit switch is installed.
On some vehicles, the reversing lights do not light up due to the incomplete engagement of the limit switch. You can solve the problem by installing a thinner washer under the "frog". To make sure that the switch is working, check with a multimeter in ohmmeter mode whether the contacts close when the button is pressed.
Circuit Check
The essence of diagnosing the reason why the reverse lights do not work is to identify the section of the circuit where the voltage is lost. To do this, you can use a conventional control light. Checking the continuity of the circuit is carried out with an ohmmeter, so you need to know.
You can start the test directly from the limit switch connector. Turn on the ignition. Connect one contact of the control light to an unpainted metal part in contact with the body, and the second to the “+” connector.
- If power comes on, check the reverse sensor.
- If, after installing the “jumper” in the connector, the bulbs do not light up, then the problem is in the section of the wire circuit going from the connector to the lights. Ring the wire until the point where it divides into light bulbs on the left and right sides. Most likely, the reason is in the cliff.
To find the pinout of connectors, lamp contacts, wire colors, be sure to study the wiring diagram of your model and vehicle equipment.
Lamps are constantly on
If the lights on your car are constantly on or on regardless of the reverse gear being engaged, the cause will be among the following breakdowns:
- shorting the “+” going to the reverse gear engagement sensor and the light bulb wires from the switch;
- the wire going from the connector to the lights has a short to "+" (it happens if the wires in the bundle are frayed);
- sensor stuck closed.
String(10) "error stat"
Every motorist, most likely, is aware that one of his most important duties when driving on public roads is to notify other road users of the intention to make this or that maneuver. For example, to indicate the desire to turn left or right, special indicators are used, controlled by a special lever.
However, progress does not stand still, and some warning signals are given automatically by the machine. A vivid example of this is the reverse gear of the car, during the implementation of which the taillights of white-moon color light up automatically and in advance. This happens due to the presence of a special sensor in the design of the car. It is about the principles of its operation and repair that we will talk in the article below.
The device and principles of operation of the sensor
Reversing is one of the most important features available for any car. It is the inclusion of reverse gear that allows the car to move back without using a 180-degree turn. Thanks to this possibility, the driver can not only be conveniently located in parking areas while driving, but also significantly save his time when performing a number of maneuvers.
When reversing, it is important for a motorist not only to closely monitor compliance with traffic rules and control the location of objects standing behind, but also to be sure that each third-party traffic participant is aware of the desire on his part to move in reverse. Fortunately for all motorists, the notification process in this regard is fully automated and occurs through the use of a reverse sensor installed directly in the vehicle structure. Given such an important function of this component of the car, each car owner must monitor its good condition and, if necessary, repair it.
The reverse gear sensor works according to a simple principle, the essence of which is as follows:
- The motorist, wishing to move in the opposite direction, includes a reverse gear;
- The gearshift lever, reaching a certain place, switches the switch / switch (sensor) of the reverse headlights to the “ON” position and they, respectively, light up;
- After the maneuver is completed, the driver changes the reverse gear to first or neutral, which turns off the previously turned on headlights.
The electrical circuit of the reverse sensor is quite simple, if not primitive. Its operation, as a rule, is based on the use of a limit switch, which is some kind of button located on the path of the gearshift lever along the path of the reverse speed and is pressed / pressed when it is turned on / off. That is, when wondering how to change the reverse sensor, you should be prepared for a partial disassembly of the gearbox, because this unit is installed in it or within its operation.
Possible malfunctions
Repair of the reverse sensor is perhaps exactly what no one is immune from. It happens that the node needs to be replaced only for the reason that it simply does not work. How to act in such a situation? First of all, it is important to understand why the sensor is faulty or does not work correctly.
To date, it is customary to single out the following possible node malfunctions:
- there was an oxidation of the contacts in some place of the electronic circuit;
- the sensor is “loose” or out of order;
- there was a "breakdown" in the electrical circuit of the identifier;
- the contact of the sensor and the mounting block is broken;
- its fuse has blown;
- burned out taillight bulbs ("stop").
The symptomatology of a malfunction of the reverse sensor is probably clear to everyone - the corresponding headlights are inoperative or function extremely incorrectly. It is simply unacceptable to operate a car in this state, therefore, first of all, if a problem with a node occurs, you should think about where the reverse sensor is located and how to properly repair it. We will talk about this in more detail below.
Sensor repair: replacement and fault diagnosis
A complete replacement of the reverse sensor is definitely not something that should be done first if the “stoppers” do not work properly. Before dismantling the old assembly and installing a new one, it is important to exclude the possibility of manual repair of the chain and only then resort to replacement. In a typical case, the procedure for repairing a sensor looks like this:
Note that in most cases, the repair of the car's reverse sensor ends either at the first or at the second step of the repair. Considering the absolute simplicity of repair measures, it is only necessary to carry them out correctly and in due measure, then there will certainly not be any problems with the discomfort node.
Perhaps the most important information on the subject under consideration has come to an end. We hope that today's material has answered your questions. Good luck on the roads and in the repair!
If you have any questions - leave them in the comments below the article. We or our visitors will be happy to answer them.
A reversing light, although it does not belong to the category of mandatory lighting devices, is nevertheless of great importance for the safe movement of your car.
Reversing lamp - main functions
It is quite difficult to imagine how you can drive and not use reverse, or rather, such a situation, in principle, cannot be. Moreover, it is not always possible to move only during daylight hours, when there is excellent visibility outside the window. Therefore, it is very important to ensure maximum comfort for yourself in the evening, as well as at night, and sometimes during the day, during fog, rain and other vagaries of the weather, which do not affect your visibility to other road users in the best way.
Thus, the main function of these lights is to illuminate the roadway when reversing. In addition, they are the ones who warn all participants that you are planning to reverse, thereby performing an informative function. But, unfortunately, sometimes it is necessary to install an additional reversing light, since the standard one is not able to perform all tasks at the required level.
Reversing lights do not work - possible malfunctions and their causes
In order to assess the condition of the flashlight and understand the cause of possible problems, you should study the device and the principle of operation. The scheme of work is quite simple and is as follows. As soon as reverse gear is engaged, a special switch ball, leaving the stem, closes the contacts. Thus, voltage is supplied to the lantern, and it ignites. After the driver turns off the reverse gear, everything returns to its place, and the contacts open under the action of the return spring.
From the foregoing, it becomes clear that these lighting devices, however, like all the others, are connected with the electrical part, which means that there can be a lot of reasons why the reversing lights do not work. Among them, the most common are:
- burned out light bulb;
- contact oxidation;
- failed fuses;
- lack of "mass" on the board;
- the reverse sensor has broken, or its wires have broken;
- the contacts on the headlight film burned out.
Reversing lights do not light - troubleshooting and repair
In general, the result of such malfunctions is the same - the reversing lights do not light up. Then you need to identify the cause and, accordingly, eliminate it. If the lamp burned out, then it is time to replace it with a new one. To do this, by turning off the external lights, open the trunk and disconnect the wiring block. Of course, you will first have to dismantle all the upholstery located behind the lantern. Further, by squeezing the latches located on the sides, you can remove the panel and, by pressing on the lamp itself, unscrew it. After we put a new one and return everything to its place.
To work with wiring, as a rule, a multimeter is required, and a car is no exception.
Oxidized contacts must be cleaned. To provide access to them, you simply need to remove the headlight assembly. What about the missing "mass", so it should be put in place, and the broken wires are called, and the non-working ones are changed. Failed fuses also need to be replaced, they are all located in a special fuse box, so this is not difficult to do. Another problem may also arise when the reversing lights are constantly on.
There may be several reasons for this behavior, or again, not everything is in order with the electrical part, or a special sensor located on the box has failed. In the first and second cases, arrange for the replacement of defective parts. In addition, the reversing light switch may also fail. You can get to it either from the bottom of the car, or through the engine compartment, but, before dismantling it, make sure that it is he who is out of order.
To do this, after releasing it, you need to start the car and, and then, after closing the contacts, look at the lights that should light up. Next, removing the switch, we check with a multimeter whether the contacts close when it is turned on. In the absence of such a closure, flaring is indispensable. Having cut out a flexible contact from the electromagnetic relay of the required length, we tin it in place of the old one. Then, after checking the reliability of the soldering, we assemble the switch back and call. With a normal circuit, we install it in its original place.
