YaMZ-236M2 non-turbocharged engines, their modifications and equipment comply with Euro-0 environmental standards, are intended for installation on mobile cranes(LLC "PO Yurmash", Yurga); marine engines (JSC Bogorodsk Machine Plant), marine diesel-geared units (CJSC Tyumen-Sudokomplekt); MAZ cars, Ural; railcars AGMS (DGUP "PMZ", Perm); compressor stations (JSC Mashzavod, Chita); motor graders, loaders, bulldozers (ChSDM CJSC, Chelyabinsk); power plants and electrical units AD60, ED60 with a capacity of 60 kW (JSC Elektroagregat, Kursk); diesel generator sets (CJSC Tyumen-Sudokomplekt); excavators EZO (FGUP PA Uralvagonzavod, N. Tagil), EO-5119 (JSC EXCO, Kostroma); road rollers DU-84, DU-85, DU-85-1, DU-101 (ZAO Raskat, Rybinsk).
Main characteristics
Engine's type: diesel, dimensions D×S=130×140 mm, working volume 11.15 l, 6-cylinder, with V-arrangement cylinders, four-stroke with compression ignition, direct injection fuel, liquid cooled.
The engine can be equipped with a damping mechanism torsional vibrations and power take-off.
Specifications
| Model | YaMZ-236M2 | YaMZ-236M2-1 | YaMZ-236M2-4 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V6 | |||||
| Cylinder diameter, mm | 130 | ||||
| Piston stroke, mm | 140 | ||||
| Working volume of cylinders, l | 11,15 | ||||
| Power, kW (hp) | 132 (180) | ||||
| Rotation frequency, rpm | 2100 | ||||
| 667 (68) | |||||
| 1250-1450 | |||||
| 214 (157) | |||||
| Clutch | YaMZ-236K | — | YaMZ-236K | — | |
| checkpoint | YaMZ-236P | — | YaMZ-236P | YaMZ-236U | — |
| Dimensions, mm | 1840×1040×1070 | 1020×1040×1220 | 1840×1040×1070 | 1840×980×1110 | 1020×980×1110 |
| Weight, kg | 1205 | 890 | 1205 | 1185 | 890 |
| injection pump | 60.5-30 | ||||
| Generator, model | 1322.3771 or G273 V2 | 1702.3771 | |||
| Applicability | Self-propelled cranes KS-4372v, KS-5871 (OOO PO Yurmash, Yurga) - for spare parts | marine engines(JSC "Bogorodsky mashzavod"), marine diesel-gear units (CJSC "Tyumen-Sudokokomplekt") - for spare parts | Cars, chassis MAZ-53371, MAZ-53371-020, MAZ-53371-031, MAZ-5337; dump truck MAZ-5551; truck tractors MAZ-54331, MAZ-543208; timber trucks MAZ-54341 — for spare parts | Motor grader A120, loader B138, bulldozer TS-10 "Dobrynya" (CJSC "ChSDM", Chelyabinsk); Ural cars - for spare parts; railcars AGMS (DGUP "PMZ", Perm) | Compressor stations PV-10/8M1, NV-10/8M2 (JSC Mashzavod, Chita); wheel loader V138, bulldozer TS-10 "Dobrynya" (CJSC "ChSDM") |
| Model | YaMZ-236M2-2 | YaMZ-236M2-7 | YaMZ-236M2-15 | YaMZ-236M2-19 | YaMZ-236M2-26 |
| Number and arrangement of cylinders | V6 | ||||
| Cylinder diameter, mm | 130 | ||||
| Piston stroke, mm | 140 | ||||
| Working volume of cylinders, l | 11,15 | ||||
| Power, kW (hp) | 132 (180) | ||||
| Rotation frequency, rpm | 2100 | ||||
| Maximum torque, N m (kgf m) | 667 (68) | ||||
| Frequency at maximum torque, rpm | 1250-1450 | ||||
| Minimum specific consumption fuel, g/kW h (g/hp h) | 214 (157) | 227 (167)* | |||
| Clutch | YaMZ-236K | — | — | YaMZ-181 | — |
| checkpoint | — | — | — | YaMZ-236U5 | — |
| Dimensions, mm | 1135×1040×1220 | 1020×1040×1220 | 1840×980×1110 | 1020×1040×1110 | |
| Weight, kg | 960 | 895 | 1160 | 890 | |
| injection pump | 60.5-30 | ||||
| Generator, model | 1702.3771 | 1322.3771 or G273 V2 | 1322.3771 | 1702.3771 | 1322.3771 or G273 V2 |
| Applicability | Cars, chassis "Ural-432067", "Ural-432007-10"; dump truck "Ural-5557-10" and their modifications; railcars AGMS (DGUP "PMZ", Perm); Compressor stations PV-Yu/8M1, NV-Yu/8M2 (JSC Mashzavod, Chita) | Power plants and electrical units AD60, ED60 with a capacity of 60 kW (JSC Elektroagregat, Kursk); diesel generator sets (CJSC Tyumen-Sudokomplekt); excavator ET-26 (EZ Kovrovets LLC) | For spare parts for excavators EK-270, EK-2701.S (JSC MK KRANEKS, Ivanovo) manufactured before 01.01.02 | Cars "Ural-43206", "Ural-4320-10" with a 1.2 m roaming capacity - for spare parts | Excavator EZO (FGUP "PA "Uralvagonzavod", N. Tagil) |
| Model | YaMZ-236M2-28 | YaMZ-236M2-31 | YaMZ-236M2-32 | YaMZ-236M2-33 | YaMZ-236M2-35 |
| Number and arrangement of cylinders | V6 | ||||
| Cylinder diameter, mm | 130 | ||||
| Piston stroke, mm | 140 | ||||
| Working volume of cylinders, l | 11,15 | ||||
| Power, kW (hp) | 132 (180) | ||||
| Rotation frequency, rpm | 2100 | ||||
| Maximum torque, N m (kgf m) | 667 (68) | ||||
| Frequency at maximum torque, rpm | 1250-1450 | ||||
| Minimum specific fuel consumption, g/kW h (g/hp h) | 227 (167)* | 214 (157) | 227 (167)* | 214 (157) | |
| Clutch | YaMZ-236K | YaMZ-181 | — | YaMZ-236K | YaMZ-181 |
| checkpoint | — | YaMZ-236UZ | — | YaMZ-236U4 | YaMZ-236P4 |
| Dimensions, mm | 1130×1040×1070 | 1840×980×1110 | 1020×1040×1220 | 1840×980×1110 | 1840×1040×1070 |
| Weight, kg | 985 | 1160 | 890 | 1185 | 1180 |
| injection pump | 60.5-30 | ||||
| Generator, model | 1322.3771 or G273 V2 | 1702.3771 | 1322.3771 or G273 V2 | 1702.3771 | 1322.3771 |
| Applicability | Excavator EO-5119 (JSC EXCO, Kostroma); road rollers DU-84, DU-85, DU-85-1, DU-101 (ZAO Raskat, Rybinsk) | Cars, chassis "Ural-43206", "Ural-4320-10"; dump truck "Ural-5557-10" and their modifications | Excavator EK-270-05 (JSC MK KRANEKS, Ivanovo) | Car "Ural-4320-10" with a 1.2 m roaming capacity | Cars MAZ-53371, MAZ-53371-020, MAZ-53371-031, MAZ-5337, MAZ-5551, MAZ-54331, MAZ-54328; MAZ-54341 (for spare parts) |
|
* Specific fuel consumption at rated power. |
|||||
| Model | YaMZ-236M2-39 | YaMZ-236M2-40 | YaMZ-236M2-41 | YaMZ-236M2-43 | YaMZ-236M2-44 |
| Number and arrangement of cylinders | V6 | ||||
| Cylinder diameter, mm | 130 | ||||
| Piston stroke, mm | 140 | ||||
| Working volume of cylinders, l | 11,15 | ||||
| Power, kW (hp) | 132 (180) | ||||
| Rotation frequency, rpm | 2100 | ||||
| Maximum torque, N m (kgf m) | 667 (68) | ||||
| Frequency at maximum torque, rpm | 1250-1450 | ||||
| Minimum specific fuel consumption, g/kW h (g/hp h) | 214 (157) | 227 (167)* | |||
| Clutch | YaMZ-236U5 | YaMZ-181 | YaMZ-236KM | PTO with YaMZ-181 clutch | |
| checkpoint | YaMZ-236K | YaMZ-236U2 | YaMZ-236U1 | YaMZ-236U6 | |
| Dimensions, mm | 1845×980×1110 | 1840×980×1110 | 1845×980×1110 | 1130×1040×1070 | |
| Weight, kg | 1185 | 985 | |||
| injection pump | 60.5-30 | ||||
| Generator, model | 1702.3771 | 1322.3771 or G273 V2 | |||
| Applicability | Vehicle "Ural-43206" with a 1.7 m roaming capacity | Cars, chassis "Ural-432067", "Ural-432007-10", dump trucks "Ural-5557-10" and their modifications | Cars "Ural-43206" (ford 1.7 m) - for spare parts | Motor graders DZ-122B (-6, -7) (CJSC Dormash, Orel) | |
|
* Specific fuel consumption at rated power. |
|||||
| Model | YaMZ-236M2-48 | YaMZ-236M2-52 | YaMZ-236M2-53 | YaMZ-236M2-55 | |
| Number and arrangement of cylinders | V6 | ||||
| Cylinder diameter, mm | 130 | ||||
| Piston stroke, mm | 140 | ||||
| Working volume of cylinders, l | 11,15 | ||||
| Power, kW (hp) | 132 (180) | ||||
| Rotation frequency, rpm | 2100 | ||||
| Maximum torque, N m (kgf m) | 667 (68) | ||||
| Frequency at maximum torque, rpm | 1250-1450 | ||||
| Minimum specific fuel consumption, g/kW h (g/hp h) | 214 (157) | 227 (167)* | |||
| Clutch | — | YaMZ-181-15 | — | — | |
| checkpoint | — | YaMZ-2361-58 | — | — | |
| Dimensions, mm | 1020×1040×1220 | 1845×980×1110 | 1020×1040×1220 | 1020×1040×1110 | |
| Weight, kg | 895 | 1185 | |||
| injection pump | 60.5-30 | ||||
| Generator, model | 1322.3771 or G273 V2 | 1702.3771 | 1322.3771 or G273 V2 | ||
| Applicability | Diesel power plants AD-60 with a capacity of 60 kW manufactured by JSC Avtodiesel (YaMZ) | Cars "Ural-43206" (ford 1.7 m) | Crawler excavator ET-26 (JSC Tverskoy excavator) | Bulldozer type B100 (CJSC "Dormash", Orel) | |
* Specific fuel consumption at rated power.
YaMZ-236 is a legendary diesel engine manufactured by Avtodizel OJSC, the former This V-shaped "six" became popular in the Soviet Union, and after its collapse - throughout the CIS. The engine is currently used on trucks, tractors and combines. It can be found on famous cars, as MAZ, KRAZ, URAL, ZIL, as well as on K-700 tractors.
The closest associates of this model are YaMZ-238 for 8 cylinders and YaMZ-240 - 12-cylinder. YaMZ-236 has many modifications with different numbers Horse power.
History of creation
In the 1950s Yaroslavl plant received a state special order for the creation of more powerful diesel engines, which were supposed to replace the obsolete YaAZ. These motors were supposed to be more powerful and more economical than their predecessors. On the other hand, the state wanted to get a universal internal combustion engine that could be used on different brands cars.
Under the leadership of the outstanding designer of the USSR and honored scientist G. D. Chernyshev, the YaMZ-236 engine was created, as well as the rest of the family of diesel engines of that time. He also developed an equally legendary series of units for KAMAZ.
Thus, the ICE was born, which to this day is famous for many. He is different high power, reliability, easy repair, simple maintenance and cheap spare parts. A large resource and maintainability allow it to serve faithfully for many years.
Production at present
To date, the production of YaMZ-236 continues, although its successor YaMZ-530 already exists. The volumes of motors sold do not fall, but due to hostilities in Ukraine, supplies to Kremenchugsky stopped car assembly plant, which produced the famous KRAZ trucks. Of course, the Yaroslavl plant lost the sales segment of motors, but this did not reduce production.
Specifications and device
The YaMZ-236 engine has fairly high specifications. It is equipped with 6 cylinders, which are arranged in parallel and have an inclination angle of 90 degrees. Fuel enters directly into the cylinders, that is, direct injection. The pressure in the engine is 16.5 atmospheres. The piston has a diameter of 130 mm in the base and 140 mm in the repair version, with its stroke of 140 mm.
The engine has a fuel pump high pressure mechanical type and injectors that directly inject each cylinder. Each block head has 6 valves - 3 intake and 3 exhaust.
Cooling system - liquid with forced circulation carried out using a water pump. The drive is a belt that rotates the pump pulley from the pulley crankshaft.
The YaMZ-236 engine has a volume of 11 liters, power ranges from 150 to 420 horsepower. On latest models it was increased to 500 hp. In connection with the increase in fuel tariffs, the manufacturers of YaMZ-236, whose consumption was 40 liters per 100 km, reduced this figure to 25 liters.
The main power unit was made of cast iron until 2010, until it was decided to transfer it to aluminum, like the cylinder head. This made it possible to simplify the procedure for repairing and boring cylinder necks, and honing became more accurate. At the same time, the unit block did not lose its former strength.
Main YaMZ characteristics-236 show that the engine has quite simple design which ensures ease of repair and maintenance.
Adjustment
YaMZ-236, which is manually adjusted, requires special tool. It includes quite a lot of operations. Consider the basic manipulations that need to be carried out:
- Valve adjustment, which is done using a special probe designed for the YaMZ-236 engine. The device of the motor allows you to do this operation with the valve cover.
- More precisely, this process is called balancing. It is held at a special stand.
- Adjusting the fuel supply through the injection pump.
All adjustment operations are carried out only in car services, since they require a special tool that is difficult to find in a garage.
Service
Servicing a YaMZ-236 diesel engine is quite simple if you know how and what to do. Consider the main operations that are included in the service:
- Change of oil. It is generally recommended for this engine to use lubricating fluid for diesel engines of the M10G2K type.
- Replacement of filter elements. The motor has several filters that should be changed every 15,000 km. This filter element is coarse and fine cleaning fuel, repair kits for all filters.
- Injection adjustment, in other words - blowing nozzles.
- Replacing gaskets and cylinder head. In some cases, the gasket material of the pallet changes.
- Tighten or replace drive belts.
Here, in principle, are all the maintenance operations that are carried out at YaMZ-236. Everything else changes in the current and planned repairs.
Repair
Repair of the YaMZ-236 engine is carried out only in car services, since it requires special equipment and tool. They include such stands: for disassembly and assembly power unit and its elements, balancing, adjusting and for testing.
You will also need special equipment:
- Boring and honing machine.
- Equipment for grinding and polishing the crankshaft.
- Stand with bath for crimping.
- Reamers for grinding seats valve seats.
- Equipment for installing directional valves.
- Turning and milling machine.
- Stand for
- Press for pressing bearings and seals.
- Argon welding, in some cases.
- Other tools and equipment special purpose for the repair of diesel engines.
As you can see from the list, you will need a lot of stands and equipment that not every car service can afford.
Repair of the YaMZ-236 engine is carried out in several stages. All of them are quite complex, and a professional is responsible for each. narrow profile. Let's consider each step in turn:
- Disassembly. Probably, it is already clear that the internal combustion engine is disassembled using the usual extended set of tools and an air pistol.
- Diagnosing faults and determining the list of spare parts that need to be replaced.
- Grinding the crankshaft and preparing the cylinder block.
- Washing of all spare parts and assemblies. Usually it is carried out with hot kerosene.
- When everything is ready, assembly takes place.
The process of dismantling YaMZ-236 takes about 6-8 hours. It takes about 16-20 hours to prepare parts for assembly, depending on the complexity of the breakdown. The assembly process takes up to 36 hours. It all depends on how worn out the main units and components are and how well they prepared them for the final stage of work.
Future plans
In 2020, it plans to stop the production of YaMZ-236 engines, since a new YaMZ-660 is being prepared to replace it, which will become 100 horsepower more powerful, and the volume will increase to 12.5 liters. At the same time, the classic layout of cylinders and valves will remain. An innovation is planned to be an electronic high-pressure fuel pump, which will have the Euro-5 standard, which will allow engines to enter the world market. It is also planned to continue to release diesel power plants based on YaMZ-236.
YaMZ-236 is one of the most common diesel engines Soviet-made. It is a four-stroke, six-cylinder, 12-valve diesel engine a wide range of applications. Along with the titles of one of the most versatile and popular, this engine also earned a reputation as the most reliable and "problem-free" of domestic diesel engines. It can be found on such well-known vehicles as MAZ, KRAZ, URAL, ZIL, as well as on K-700 tractors. The closest associates of this model are YaMZ-238 for 8 cylinders and YaMZ-240 - 12-cylinder. YaMZ-236 has many modifications with different amounts of horsepower.
Specifications YaMZ 236
Engine type: diesel, D*S=130*140 mm, displacement 11.15 l, 6-cylinder, V-cylinder, four-stroke, compression ignition, direct injection, turbocharged, liquid-cooled, intercooled charge air in the air-to-air heat exchanger installed on the vehicle.| Model | YaMZ-236BE2-1 | YaMZ-236BE2-2 | YaMZ-236BE2-6 | YaMZ-236BE2-8 | YaMZ-236BE2-9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V6 | |||||
| Cylinder diameter, mm | 130 | ||||
| Piston stroke, mm | 140 | ||||
| Working volume of cylinders, l | 11,15 | ||||
| Compression ratio | 17,5 | ||||
| Power, kW (hp) | 184 (250) | ||||
| Rotation frequency, rpm | 2000 | ||||
| 1078 (110) | |||||
| 1100-1300 | |||||
| 197 (145) | |||||
| Clutch | YaMZ-182 | YaMZ-182 | |||
| checkpoint | YaMZ-238VM7 | YaMZ-238VM7 | YaMZ-238A5 | ||
| Dimensions, mm | 2180×1045×1070 | 1250×1045×1140 | 2110×1045×1070 | 2380×1045×1070 | |
| Weight, kg | 1385 | 985 | 1380 | 1420 | |
| injection pump | 133.5-10 | ||||
| Generator, model | 1322.3771 | 6582.3701-03 or 3112.3771 | 1322.3771 | ||
| Applicability | Onboard vehicles, chassis, truck tractors, dump trucks MAZ-533603, MAZ-630303, MAZ-543203, MAZ-543403, MAZ-551603 and their modifications | MAZ vehicles | Chassis MZKT-8022 | Cars, chassis MAZ-533603-224; dump truck MAZ-551603-242 | MAZ vehicles |
| Model | YaMZ-236BE2-11 | YaMZ-236BE2-19 | YaMZ-236BE2-21 | YaMZ-236BE2-22 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number and arrangement of cylinders | V6 | |||
| Cylinder diameter, mm | 130 | |||
| Piston stroke, mm | 140 | |||
| Working volume of cylinders, l | 11,15 | |||
| Compression ratio | 17,5 | |||
| Power, kW (hp) | 184 (250) | |||
| Rotation frequency, rpm | 2000 | |||
| Maximum torque, N m (kgf m) | 1078 (110) | |||
| Frequency at maximum torque, rpm | 1100-1300 | |||
| Minimum specific fuel consumption, g/kW h (g/hp h) | 197 (145) | |||
| Clutch | YaMZ-182 | YaMZ-182-15 | YaMZ-182-15 | YaMZ-182-15 |
| checkpoint | YaMZ-238VM1 | YaMZ-2381-26 | YaMZ-2381-07 | YaMZ-2381-06 |
| Dimensions, mm | 2180×1045×1070 | 2180×1045×1140 | 2180×1045×1070 | |
| Weight, kg | 1385 | |||
| injection pump | 133.5-10 | 133.5-30 | ||
| Generator, model | 1322.3771 | 6582.3701-03 or 3112.3771 | — | — |
| Applicability | Cars, chassis MAZ-533603-240, MAZ-630303-245 | Chassis MZKT-8022-020 | Chassis MAZ-533603-240, -630303-245 | MAZ vehicles: onboard, chassis, saddle. tractors, dump trucks MAZ-533603, -630303, -543203, -543403, -551603 and their modifications |
| Name of indicator | YaMZ-236M2 | YaMZ-236G | YaMZ-236D | YaMZ-236DK |
| Number and arrangement of cylinders | V6 | |||
| Cylinder diameter, mm | 130 | |||
| Piston stroke, mm | 140 | |||
| Working volume of cylinders, l | 11,15 | |||
| Rated power, kW (hp) | 132 (180) | 110 (150) | 129 (175) | 136 (185) |
| Rated speed, min-1 | 2100 | 1700 | 2100 | 2000 |
| Maximum torque, N.m (kgf.m) | 667 (68) | - | 667 (68) | 716 (73) |
| Rotational speed at maximum torque, min-1 | 1250-1450 | - | 1300-1500 | 1300-1500 |
| Minimum specific fuel consumption, g/kWh (g/hp.h) | 214 (157) | - | - | - |
| Specific fuel consumption at rated power, g/kWh (g/hp.h) | 227 (167) | 220 (162) | 220 (162) | 220 (162) |
| Oil consumption for waste, % of fuel consumption, no more | 0,5 | 0,5 | 0,5 | 0,5 |
| Resource up to overhaul, hour | 10000 | 8000 | 8000 | 8000 |
| Weight of unfilled engine, kg | 890 | 890 | 990 | 1090 |
Cylinder block/crankcase
The main body part of the motor is its block crankcase, which is a special spatial casting of low-alloyed gray pearlitic cast iron. This casting is processed by the method of "artificial aging" in order to eliminate thermal stress and maintain accurate geometric shapes during operation. The cylinder liners, machined in the block, are thick-walled, centered along two concentric bores in the block plates at the top and bottom. The row of cylinders, located on the right, is offset from the opposite by thirty-five millimeters, to accommodate two connecting rods on a common crankshaft crankpin.
Each of the cylinder nests is provided with two coaxial cylindrical holes made in the upper and lower plates of the block. On the top plate there are also annular grooves for sleeve collars. On the inner walls of the cylinder block there is a system oil channels, which serves to continuously drain lubricant to the bearings of the camshaft and crankshaft, oil filter and to the liquid-oil heat exchanger.
YaMZ-236 engine cylinder head
The cylinder head of the base Yaroslavl diesel engine is a one-piece cast iron casting attached to the cylinder block with heat-treated chrome-nickel steel studs. To ensure the removal of excess heat, the cylinder head is equipped with a separate water jacket, joint with the water jacket of the entire block. Pressed valves are located inside the cylinder head, equipped with springs and fasteners; as well as rocker arms with axles and nozzles. Valve seats are plug-in, made of special cast iron and heat-resistant alloy. The saddles are pressed into the sockets with an interference fit. The joints of the cylinder head, block and liners are sealed with one, single for three cylinders, a “sandwich” type gasket.Crankshaft of YaMZ-236 engine
The crankshaft of the YaMZ-236 engine is made of steel grade "50G" by hot stamping. Crankshaft journals - hardened, by means of heating by currents high frequencies. There are four crankshaft main bearings, three connecting rod journals. The connecting rod journals have additional internal cavities in which the oil is subjected to centrifugal cleaning. Counterweights are installed on the cheeks of the crankshaft, in assembly with which it is installed and regulated (balanced). Axial fixation of the crankshaft in the engine is provided by four bronze half rings mounted in the grooves of the rear main bearing. The toe and shank of the crankshaft are sealed with special self-clamping seals made of reinforced rubber.Flywheel on YaMZ-236
The flywheel of the base Yaroslavl motor is cast from gray cast iron. It is attached to the rear end of the crankshaft with bolts made of special alloy steel. These bolts are protected from spontaneous turning by locking plates. The flywheel is equipped with a steel ring gear to start the engine with a starter. The crown is fixed on the front end of the flywheel with twelve bolts locked with special folding washers.
The 12 radial holes on the flywheel are designed to turn the crankshaft when making engine adjustments. The shape and location of the cavities at the front end of the flywheel provide the directional imbalance necessary for the balancing system. The flywheel balancing process is carried out separately from the crankshaft, so all flywheels are interchangeable.
Connecting rod of YaMZ-236 engine
The connecting rod is made of forged steel "40X", has an I-section; the connector of its lower head is oblique, at an angle of 55 degrees. Replaceable liners are installed in the lower head of the connecting rod, while a steel / bronze OCS bushing with an outer diameter of 56 mm is pressed into the upper head. In the upper heads of the connecting rods of the YaMZ-236 engines of the previous production heads, two steel / bronze bushings were pressed in, and the annular space between them was used to supply oil to the piston pin.Pistons, piston pins and rings for YaMZ-236
The pistons installed on YaMZ-236 engines are made of high-silicon eutectic aluminum alloy. To improve the running-in of the piston to the sleeve, its surface is covered with the thinnest (0.003-0.006 mm) layer of tin. The piston skirt has a special recess for the cooling nozzle; as well as two side recesses so that the counterweights of the crankshaft do not touch the piston during operation. The outer surface of the piston is provided with five grooves for piston rings. The top three grooves are reserved for the installation of compression rings. One groove up piston pin and one more - in the lower part of the piston skirt - to accommodate the rings with little removal. The piston pin, which serves to connect the piston to the connecting rod, is a hollow, floating type. It is made of steel 12-ХН/ЗА. The outer surfaces of the fingers are cemented to a depth of 1.0-1.4 mm; are subjected to hardening and tempering to hardness NKS 56-65. Outside diameter finger is 50 mm.The piston rings on the YaMZ-236 are cast from special cast iron and installed in the piston grooves in a certain order (see above). They are chrome-plated, split. Compression and low-removable rings are different from each other various types sections.
The gas distribution mechanism on the YaMZ-236 is an overhead valve, with a lower location camshaft. The valves are driven by pushers, rods and rocker arms. The main elements of the mechanism are as follows: camshaft, with drive gear and bearings; pushers and pusher axles; rods and rocker arms with adjusting screws and axles; valves with springs and guide sleeves. The camshaft is forged, made from 45 carbon steel; The tappets are also steel, stamped, oscillating type with a roller to contact the camshaft lobes. intake and exhaust valves are made from special heat-resistant steel.
1 - camshaft; 2 - pusher; 3 - pusher rod; 4 - valve; 5 - guide sleeve; 6 - valve spring washer; 7 - outer spring; 8 - internal spring; 9 - plate of valve springs; 10 - valve spring plate bushing; 11 - cracker; 12 - rocker; 13 - axis of the rocker; 14 - adjusting screw; 15 - sealing cuff inlet valve; 16 - pusher axis Each cylinder has one exhaust and one inlet valves, which are made of heat-resistant steel and move in guide bushings 5. A sealing rubber cuff is installed on the inlet valve guide bushing. Two coil springs are placed on each valve: one with the right, the other with the left direction of the coils. A special lock is used to fasten the springs, which contributes to the rotation of the valves during engine operation, which increases the valve's performance.
Engine lubrication system YaMZ-236
The lubrication system on YaMZ-236 engines is used of a mixed (combined) type, with a "wet" sump. The oil supply is provided by a fully unified gear-type oil pump. Oil pump consists of two sections (forcing and radiator). The pressure section pumps oil into the engine lubrication system, and the radiator section pumps it through the radiator.YaMZ-236 power system
Split power system. It consists of fuel pump high injection pump pressure, with fuel priming pump and regulator, injection advance clutch, injectors, fuel filters, fuel lines. In accordance with the order of operation of the cylinders, the high-pressure fuel pump pumps diesel fuel through high-pressure pipelines to the injectors, which inject the next “portion” of atomized fuel into the cylinder cavities. Through bypass valve and the jet of the fine filter, excess fuel is discharged back into the fuel tank.Modifications of the YaMZ-236 engine
There are 35 modifications of the "aspirated" YaMZ-236: without turbocharging, with power from 150 to 195 hp. Detailed specification each of them is available on the website of Yaroslavsky engine plant. The scope of these engines is as follows: marine engines; compressor stations; electrical units; marine diesel electrical installations; railcars; excavators, road graders and rollers, mobile cranes, front loaders, bulldozers, all-terrain vehicles, armored personnel carriers, ZIL, Ural, MAZ vehicles (mostly Soviet, from previous years of production). There are 54 turbocharged modifications of the YaMZ-236, their power varies from 230 to 300 horsepower. They are completed modern buses; harvesters; tractors and special equipment various manufacturers; some variants of MAZ and Ural cars.YaMZ-236 in the modern market: cost and reviews
Price for new atmospheric motor YaMZ-236 is in the range from 370 to 450 thousand rubles; on YaMZ-236 turbocharged - from 480 to 650 thousand rubles. From time to time there is an opportunity to purchase YaMZ-236 a little cheaper: from the storage of the State Reserve, new, in pallets. Half the price of a new one can be found on ad sites used YaMZ-236 or motors of individual assembly (after overhaul). For the modern development of technology, YaMZ-236 diesel engines have rather mediocre specific performance and efficiency indicators. The design, outdated over the past half century, does not allow these motors to comply with Euro-3 and higher standards. Turbocharged versions managed to be finalized to Euro-2 standards.
However, they unsurpassed reliability and unpretentiousness; low price(compared with imported analogues) on the motors themselves and spare parts for them contribute to maintaining a steady demand for these products. Reviews of the YaMZ-236 boil down to one thing: fuel consumption, by today's standards, is large, but reliability is simply excellent. Even in large ATPs, where bus drivers periodically change and there is no need to talk about caring for equipment, YaMZ-236 engines honestly work out the resource declared by the manufacturer of 800 thousand kilometers. And continue to work further, without serious damage, without requiring major repairs for a long time.
Content
In 1990, after a major renovation of its model range Minsk Automobile Plant has produced a medium-tonnage freight car with onboard platform MAZ-5336. This truck is capable of carrying 7700 kg of cargo with a dead weight of 8500 kg and has a 4x2 wheel arrangement. It has a fairly successful design, so it is still in production.
MAZ-5336
As a power unit on the MAZ-5336 dump truck, the Yaroslavl diesel YaMZ-236M2 is used, aggregated with a 5-speed mechanical box gear 236P. The volume of the V6 engine is 11.2 liters, the power is 180 hp, and the torque reaches 667 Nm. Other versions also exist, with naturally aspirated diesel or a V8 turbodiesel engine.
Fuel consumption MAZ-5336 per 100 km. Reviews
- Oleg, Arkhangelsk. I took a dump truck MAZ-5336, 2001, with the usual diesel engine without turbocharging - I think that for domestic cars it is better to adhere to the principle of the simpler the better. Someone will consider it rather weak, but I do not overload the car, so I have enough power. And the consumption is an order of magnitude less - about 23 liters per 100 km.
- Sergei, Perm. MAZ-5336 with YaMZ-238B turbodiesel engine. The engine is powerful enough, pulls well on the bottoms. I don’t drive on the highway, only in the city, so it’s rarely more than 50-60 km / h, the consumption at this speed is up to 23-25 liters per 100 km, no more.
- Pavel, Vitebsk. I have MAZ-5336, 2003. A couple of years ago, I did an overhaul of my dump truck, during which I paid close attention not only to the engine, but also to the fuel system itself. By the way, the motor is simple, without turbocharging. Consumption is the same for both empty and loaded - stable 23 liters.
- Vasily, Pinsk. After buying my MAZ-5336, I couldn’t understand anything at all - with 3 tons in the back, the consumption of diesel fuel was under 30 liters, sometimes it even reached 35 liters empty. I drove it to the service, they did it complete diagnostics and motor calibration and fuel system- how it was changed. It does not feel a load of up to 8 tons at all, it goes as empty with a consumption of about 22 liters. If a full load and drive up to 80 km / h, then the consumption is about 27-29 liters.
- Dmitry, Krivoy Rog. I work in a quarry at MAZ-5336. Before that, I thought that dump trucks were really big and heavy cars, but when I saw dumper, then I realized that mine is just a baby compared to this giant. I drive gravel from a crushing factory - the road with a load is constantly going up, so the consumption reaches 35-40 liters per 100 km. If I go by flat road, then the consumption even with maximum load no more than 27 liters.
