How to restore the phone battery: methods for resuscitation of the battery of a mobile device. We restore the car battery with our own hands

23.04.2019

Brake system

A car battery serves as a stable source of voltage, but unfortunately, its service life is limited. If on your car it began to show the first signs of wear, do not rush to change it to a new one, because you can restore the battery yourself.

Signs of battery wear

To understand that the life of the battery is coming to an end, you need to know a few simple features, and be attentive to your car:

A quick loss of charge will be the first bell indicating a malfunction of the device. This symptom indicates a decrease in the quality of the electrolyte.
Another sure sign would be fast charging during fast discharge. The reason is the beginning of sulfation.
The darkening of the electrolyte is a serious reason to think about how to restore a car battery, because this is a sure sign of the destruction and shedding of carbon plates.
Heating of individual sections of the device and boiling of the electrolyte is the result of damage and short circuit of the plates. One of the reasons for such a breakdown can be a long downtime of the car during severe frosts. When freezing, the plates, and even the body of the device, can be damaged. The result is numerous short circuits and, as a result, too rapid boiling of the electrolyte during charging. Such a device will most likely not be restored.

In almost all cases, with the exception of running ones, the car battery can be reanimated. And although it will not always be cheap, it is still cheaper than new device. Battery life depends on how the battery is used and how attentive you are to various kinds of problems.

Before you figure out how to restore a car battery, it is necessary to find out what is actually recoverable.

Checking the density of the electrolyte

An electrolyte is a solution that fills battery. In the most popular lead-acid car battery among motorists, it is a cocktail of sulfuric acid and distilled water. Nickel-cadmium and nickel-iron batteries use an alkaline electrolyte.

Before resuscitating a car battery, the density of the electrolyte should be measured. To do this, you need a special device - a hydrometer. It's inexpensive and available at any auto parts store. The procedure for checking the solution with a hydrometer is simple and does not take much time. You can watch the whole procedure on the video:

The density of an acid solution can also be measured with a voltmeter. To do this, you must connect it to the terminals car battery. In a calm state, the indicators should fluctuate between 11.9 - 12.5 V. After that, you need to start the car, gain 2.5 thousand revolutions and take measurements again. If the voltage in this case fluctuates between 13.9 - 14.4 V, then the density of the electrolyte is normal and the device simply requires additional recharging.

How to restore a car battery if there is a problem with the quality of the electrolyte? Perhaps this problem is the lesser of the evils associated with the battery. The electrolyte, unlike other parts such as plates, is easy to treat. You can restore it different ways:

charge the battery with a special device;
completely replace the solution;
add electrolyte increased density;
add only sulfuric acid;
add only distilled water.

Before resuscitating the acid solution, it is worth trying to recharge the device. It is quite possible that this measure will be limited. Especially since it won't cost you anything. If, nevertheless, after charging, a problem with the density of the electrolyte is detected, then it will be possible to restore the car battery by changing the density of the solution.

Attention! Never pour distilled water into concentrated sulfuric acid. The acid must be added to the water. Otherwise, you run the risk of serious burns from splashing water boiled in acid. This concerns the manufacture of a new electrolyte. Dilution of too dense solution with water is not so dangerous.

If the process of destruction and closure of the plates has begun

Having discovered the destruction of the plates, whether it be darkening or boiling of the electrolyte, it is urgent to take resuscitation measures. A car battery that has been severely damaged cannot be recovered. Therefore, before you reanimate the car battery with your own hands, make sure that this activity does not become useless.

Upon detection of the destruction process, rinse jars with distilled water:

discharge the battery by connecting a load (for example, a light bulb);
remove the damaged solution from the jars with a rubber bulb and place it in a specially prepared glassware;
Rinse the jars with distilled water until the inside of the jars is clean. while washing, the battery can be shaken and turned over. If there is too much debris and after repeated washing, the coal chips continue to crumble, most likely the process has gone too far. In this case, it will not work to reanimate the battery with your own hands;
having achieved clean water at the outlet, pour a new solution into the jars, checking the density beforehand.
put the battery on charge and restore the voltage;
check the density of the electrolyte in the charged device and, if necessary, correct the readings.

We diagnose sulfation

One of the most common enemies of a car battery, of course, can be considered sulfation. IN normal conditions, during charging and discharging, reversible chemical processes occur in the battery. However, over time, especially if the car is rarely used, these processes are disturbed: large sparingly soluble crystals of lead sulfate form on the plates, in which it becomes difficult to restore the active substances. The consequences of such an incorrect crystallization are:

reduction in battery capacity.
increase in internal resistance.
increase in plate size.

Sulfation can be the result of prolonged vehicle downtime, overheating, critical current supply conditions. The onset of sulfation is determined sharp drop containers. To determine it, a special tester is used. Having discovered this trouble, you should think about how to reanimate the car battery as soon as possible, while the device can still be restored.

To restore on your own a car battery in which sulfation is detected, you will need a special additive to the electrolyte - a desulfator capable of dissolving large crystals. More about this in the video:

Do-it-yourself chemical recovery methods

Professionals distinguish the following methods:

The easiest and cheapest way to reanimate the battery on your own is as follows: Completely empty the electrolyte jars and fill them with distilled water. Recharge the battery with a weak current (0.01 of the capacity). At the same time, lead sulfate will begin to gradually move away from the plates, forming new electrolyte. Take a break after two hours and then start charging the device again. Several such cycles will drastically reduce sulfation, and the electrolyte, newly formed in the banks, will again gain efficiency.
Charge the battery and drain the acid solution. Then, properly, rinse the jars with distilled water and pour a solution of baking soda into them (concentration - 25g / 1l). Withstanding 2-3 hours, replace the contents with a common salt solution (at the same concentration) and charge the device for an hour. Then increase the salt concentration to 4% and fully charge the battery. Rinse the jars with distilled water, fill with electrolyte and fully charge the battery.
Charge the battery, drain the electrolyte and rinse the jars. Pour in the Trilon B and ammonia solution. You can buy a solution in chemical laboratories. It should be stored in a dark ventilated area, in closed. The process of desulfation with this solution lasts about an hour, after which the chances of resuscitating the car battery with your own hands will increase significantly. In the process, gas is released and small splashes are observed on the surface. The cessation of spraying indicates the end of the process. After such treatment, the jars should be thoroughly rinsed with distilled water (2-3 times). Filling in a new electrolyte solution, charge the battery. In this way, it will be the fastest way to restore the battery on your own.

Attention! It must be understood that not any degree of sulfation will allow you to restore the car battery. Therefore, early detection of the process is the right way to successful car battery resuscitation.

Regularly check the density of the electrolyte in the battery. remember, that main reason boiling may become overheated or overcharged. The sooner you can identify the problem, the more chances to restore the battery;
if your car is resting in winter, then the battery should be moved to a warm, heated room for a long period of inactivity. Remember that freezing of the device will lead it to a state after which it will no longer be possible to restore it;
rated charging current car battery- 0.1 of its capacity. Exceeding this threshold, you risk killing the device.

During the use of a mobile device, the battery will definitely consume its resource and “age”. This is manifested in a rapid decrease in charge and slow charging. Sometimes the device after turning off simply does not turn on and does not respond to pressing the buttons. This is a characteristic and habitual phenomenon for lithium batteries, which are used in this moment in all smartphones. You can purchase a new charge source, but if you want to save money, there are options for resuscitating the battery yourself.

How a phone battery works

Most of the gadgets have a battery function. There are several types of batteries for phones:

Ni-Cd - nickel-cadmium;
Ni-Mh - nickel-metal hydride;
Li-Ion - lithium-ion.

NiCd batteries have the largest charge volume, they are easy to manufacture, store and operate. Often used to power medical equipment, radios, power tools and professional video cameras. NiMh batteries generate more heat during charging, requiring the use of a complex algorithm to determine full charge. For this reason, most of these batteries have an internal temperature sensor. NiMh charges for a long time (2 times the duration of NiCd charge replenishment), but their capacity is much larger.

Batteries of the Li-Ion type, when recalculated for one kilogram of weight, are 2 times higher than the NiCd value. For this reason, lithium-ion batteries are now used in all phones, laptops, where it is important except for time. battery life also the weight of the item. The very design of the battery is very simple: two graphite sheets of lithium oxide and cobalt, which are lubricated with electrolyte and rolled into a roll.

Why is the battery draining

Smartphone owners after a year or a year and a half begin to notice a decrease in the device’s performance, the charge quickly leaves. This can happen for several reasons, some of them can be solved programmatically (disabling unnecessary functions, wi-fi, cleaning viruses), while others can only be technically corrected by restoring the battery capacity. The following factors are popular reasons why the battery is discharged.

The vast majority of smartphones work on operating system Android, which, due to its complexity and open source prone to failures, OS optimization is low. Dozens of programs automatically run in the background, even in standby mode (with the screen off) they continue to “eat up” the charge and lead to a rapid decrease in battery capacity. Many of these background programs are not needed by the average user and should be disabled.

Viruses

The Android system is free, so it gained such popularity, hackers could not get around it and began to create malware for it. The activity of such viruses leads to a rapid decrease in the battery charge of the phone. In addition, the performance of smartphones drops even with strong processors. The following signs (except for antiviruses) will help determine the presence of "pests": the appearance of advertisements in inappropriate places, an increase in the temperature of the gadget case, braking the system.

Bad battery

Battery failure leads to a rapid loss of energy. This happens more often with long-term use, usually after a two-year period. This is an inevitable process of equipment resource consumption. Sometimes a decrease in the nominal capacity of the battery occurs due to contamination of the anode and cathode. This leads to a slowdown in physical and chemical processes that affect the ability of the battery to release the accumulated charge. Using some methods, you can achieve the original value of the battery.

Battery capacity and shelf life

Recovery processes for constant use devices will not be able to return one hundred percent to the same amount of voltage. Over time, the power of the battery decreases, it wears out and becomes unusable. Li-Ion batteries have a shelf life of 2 years from the date of manufacture. During this period of time, from 20% to 35% of their power is lost. Restoring an old battery is not an easy task, so pay attention to the date of manufacture of the phone.

How to check your phone battery

For the test, you need a device called a voltmeter, which helps measure the voltage of the equipment. It is recommended to first visual inspection battery. If the battery has been in operation for a long time, then its structure could undergo deformation, for example, swell. If liquid gets on the contacts, it will oxidize. These factors affect the battery capacity and decrease the specific value. To check the battery you need:

remove the battery from the device;
attach the positive contact of the voltmeter to the positive pole;
do the same with the negative;
set the nominal value of the measured voltage in the settings.

The voltage that you received during the measurement and will display the degree of battery charge. To evaluate the indicator, you can use the following values:

less than 1 V - you need to charge the battery;
about 2 V - the battery is charged, the capacity is average;
3.6-3.7 V is a fully charged high capacity battery.

Phone battery recovery

If you wish, you can try to restore the "life" of the battery using some methods. Restoring a smartphone’s battery is a temporary measure, the device’s resource is not infinite, so at some point the battery will still have to be replaced. Below are methods to increase battery capacity that you can do yourself at home. Some will require additional tools, the ability to work with your hands. If you are new to this area, then it is better not to restore, but to buy new battery.

With a dedicated charger

Restore Li-Ion battery You can use a multimeter and Imax B6. The latter device is easy to buy, it is well suited if you need to resuscitate the battery at home. First, check the battery itself with a multimeter. Connect it by setting it to voltage measurement mode. In the presence of a deep discharge, the multimeter will show this in the minimum U value in millivolts.

Sometimes the controller does not allow measuring the real amount of voltage. There are two outputs - plus and minus, which go directly from the battery to the controller. The voltage at the terminals is usually 2.6 V, but for lithium batteries this is not enough to get the real voltage, you need to charge the battery to 3.2 V. Then the multimeter will begin to reflect the real voltage. Need to be grounded negative wire, and connect the red to the power, set high current not necessary.

Imax is convenient in that it supports several modes that differ for different type Phone battery. Activate the appropriate mode (lithium polymer or lithium ion), set the voltage to 3.7 V, and the charge to 1 A. The voltage will begin to rise, indicating a successful restoration of the capacity. The indicator should reach 3.2 Volts and the battery will “swing”. Then it can be inserted back into the tablet, phone, or fully recharged using the native device.

Restoring phone battery capacity from another battery

You will need any other 9 volt battery, electrical tape, a thin simple wire. This do-it-yourself phone battery recovery will be of interest to all electronics lovers. You can restore the capacity using the following algorithm:

Connect the wires to the contacts of the battery that needs to be restored. Each pole needs its own.
You can not close plus and minus with the same wire, this will lead to a short circuit and you will not be able to restore the battery.
Secure the contacts with duct tape, making a mark with a + and - marker.
Connect the positive terminal to the "+" on the 9-volt battery, and the negative terminal in the same way.
On this side, also fix the contacts with electrical tape.
After a while, the battery should start to heat up.
When the battery becomes noticeably warm, you need to disconnect it from the "donor" and put it in the phone to check its operation.
After turning on, immediately check the charge level, put the mobile in standard mode to charge.

Using a resistor and a "native" charger

This method is simple, you will not need special devices or devices, you will only need your own charger. Phone battery repair will require the following:

resistor device with a nominal value of at least 330 ohms, maximum - 1 kOhm;
power supply 5-12 V (suitable charger from the phone).

To restore the battery you need to do the following a simple circuit connections: minus from the adapter to the minus of the battery, plus is output through a resistor to the plus. Then you need to apply power and the voltage on the battery will begin to rise. You should bring it up to 3V, this will take 10 to 15 minutes. Then you can use the battery as usual.

Phone battery recovery with a fan

You will definitely need a power supply unit with an output voltage of at least 12 V. Connect the corresponding one from the device to the negative connector of the fan, also connect the negative one and manually fix the wires on the battery. Connect the power supply to the outlet, the fan should start spinning, which indicates the supply of current. You should not keep charging for a long time, 30 seconds are enough to reach the required indicator U. This will help "revive" the battery and charge it without problems from a regular outlet.

Cold battery resuscitation

This option, how to restore the phone's battery rarely works, but you can try, because there is no risk of damaging it. It is necessary to put the battery in a plastic bag (foil or paper is not suitable) so that water does not get into the phone. To reanimate the phone battery, you need to put it in the refrigerator (freezer) for 12 hours. After cooling, let it warm up in the room, do not forget to wipe it dry. By freezing, it is possible to restore some capacity so that it can be charged through ordinary socket.

How to restore a lithium battery after a deep discharge

If you do not use the device for a long time, a deep discharge may occur. The voltage drops to unacceptable levels, the device is tightly turned off by the controller and it cannot be charged from the outlet. In this case, it is possible to restore the battery only by unsoldering the protection system. Then power is supplied using a special device, for example, Turnigy Accucell 6. The device itself will monitor the battery recovery processes.

Using the "Type" button, you can select the charge program. Press the "Start" button, then for Li-ion - 3.5 V, for Li-pol - 3.7 V. The current should be set at 10% of the rated battery capacity. To do this, press the "+" and "-" buttons. When the value reaches 4.2V, the mode change to "voltage stabilization" will begin. The device will emit an audio signal after charging is completed, and the message “Full” will appear on the screen

When the battery swells

With the degradation of the battery, physical deformation can begin. Bloating makes the device unusable, but you can try to repair it. You need to find a kind of cap on the battery, which is located under the sensor board. Next, you will need a needle or nail. Pierce this cap, you need to do this carefully, separating the upper part with the sensor board with contacts from the battery case. Wait for all the accumulated gas to come out of the housing, put the metal plate back in place. For this you need:

put the battery on a flat surface;
put the plate on top;
it is easy to squeeze her body;
when it is level, solder the sensor board back;
cover the puncture site with waterproof glue.

Full charge and discharge of the phone battery

This is the simplest, but inefficient way to restore battery capacity. You need to "drive" the battery several times until it is completely discharged, and then completely restore it. For this:

download a resource-intensive utility (AnTuTu) or a game and completely put the phone down (until it is turned off);
connect the power and wait for 100% charge;
repeat the previous steps 3-4 times.

Video

The battery is one of the main devices of a car, which tends to wear out during operation. Therefore, from time to time, car owners have to change the battery due to the fact that it cannot perform its functions. You can find out more about how to restore a car battery at home, below.

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Small current recovery

How to bring back to life and revive your car battery? This device provides uninterrupted current transfer to power electrical equipment. vehicle. Accordingly, without this device normal work devices will be impossible, especially since over time the battery can no longer hold the nominal charge required for power supply. Not all batteries that perform poorly need to be thrown away - old battery you can try to revive it. This will avoid unexpected financial costs.

The device and designation of the components of the battery design

If we talk about acid-base batteries, then the structure is a few positive and negative lead plates in sulfuric acid. Today, devices of this type are the most common among cars used in countries former USSR. Despite its prevalence, the service life of batteries is lower.

Restoring a car battery with your own hands can be carried out using the technology of repeated recharging. In this case, the current must not be great strength. The charging procedure with a recovery charger must be carried out intermittently. Starting from the first charge of the device and to the last, the voltage level that is present in the battery will gradually increase. As a result, the device should stop discharging.

The charger and recovery device must work with pauses, this will allow the potentials of the electrodes that are in the plates to equalize. The electrode recovery procedure itself is safe. The use of a charge-recovery device with pauses will ensure the transition of the most dense electrolyte from the plates into the space between the electrodes.

Unscrewing the plugs of battery cans

As a result of the partial discharge technique, an increase in battery capacity contributes to an increase in the density of the electrolyte. The owner of the car is required to wait for the moment at which the voltage will correspond to 2.5 volts, and the density parameter will correspond to the nominal value. And in this case, we must not forget that the car battery needs a break, so the charger and recovery device must be turned off periodically. For complete resuscitation, the cyclic recovery procedure must be repeated 8 times. It should be borne in mind that the indicator of the current used should be 10 times less than the capacity of the charged battery.

Electrolyte replacement

You can restore the battery by replacing the electrolyte, this method has proven its effectiveness in practice. To replace the electrolyte, the liquid from the structure must be completely drained, after which the system must be flushed with warm or hot water. After washing, you will need a few tablespoons of ordinary baking soda - 3 tablespoons are diluted with 100 ml of water, while it is advisable to use a distillate.

Filling the soda solution into the battery

The mixed solution must be boiled and poured into the structure instead of the drained electrolyte, after which the battery should be left for 20-30 minutes. Then drain the liquid from the device, and repeat the procedure three more times. After the last cycle, rinse the structure again with hot water, preferably several times.

The method is relevant for many types of batteries. After the structure is washed, you need to pour a new electrolyte into it and put the battery on charge. The recovery charger must be turned on for 24 hours.

Then the device is cyclically charged - for 6 hours daily for 10 days. At the same time, we note that the memory itself must have such properties - the voltage parameter should be no more than 16 volts and at least 14. As for the current strength, the indicator should be no more than 10 amperes.

Reverse charge

How to restore a car battery? For this you can use the method reverse charge. It is quite possible to perform the procedure at home, but this will require a sufficiently powerful current source, for example, a welding machine. The device that you will use must have a voltage of at least 20 volts, while its current strength must be at least 80 amperes. After you take out the equipment, it is necessary to unscrew the plugs on top of the battery structure and carry out the reverse charging procedure.

To accomplish this task, you need to connect the positive output of the charging equipment to the negative terminal of the battery. The negative output of the charger is connected to the positive. If everything is done correctly, the procedure will increase the battery life by several years.

Note that during charging, the car battery may boil, do not worry. The procedure for charging the device should be carried out exactly 30 minutes, no more and no less. After that, the electrolyte from the structure must be drained, and the device itself must be washed with hot water. When all the steps are completed, a new electrolyte can be poured into the structure. Upon completion of these steps, the battery will need to be connected to a conventional charger (the current parameter of which should not exceed 15 amperes) and charge the device for the next 24 hours.

Charge recovery in distilled water

If you have not decided how to restore the battery and which method to use for this, we offer another option. Using it, you can restore the device to working capacity in less than 60 minutes. If the car battery is completely discharged, it will need to be charged in advance. It is necessary to completely drain the old electrolyte from a charged battery, after unscrewing the plugs on the lid, after which the structure can be washed with water. As in previous cases, it is better to use distillate for this.

After the battery is charged and washed, a special ammonia-type Trilon B solution should be poured into the structure. The solution includes 2% Trilon and 5% ammonia. With the help of a liquid, a desulfation procedure is carried out, which is carried out for no more than an hour. When the battery is regenerated, you will notice the release of gas from its structure, which is also accompanied by minor splashes that will appear on the surface. These gases are harmless to the body and human health, but it is better to place the battery in a ventilated area. When the system stops emitting gas, this will indicate the termination of the desulfation process.

When the steps are completed, the structure must be washed with distilled water - washing is carried out several times. After washing, the device must be filled with an electrolyte of the appropriate density. The device needs to be charged again and after that it can be considered restored. In general, the procedure for charging and restoring the battery is not difficult, even an inexperienced motorist can handle it.

Not all modern batteries recoverable. Sometimes the device can be reanimated for a day, several days or a week, and sometimes the restoration allows the battery to work for several years. Much depends on how the battery was used, in what conditions, how many electrical appliances were connected to it throughout the entire period of operation. The conditions of use play an important role - if the device was often used in a discharged state, it is likely that it will not be possible to restore it.

Need to clarify when to use charger. The charger must be in good working order, otherwise its use will damage the battery. Our resource has already written about the use of special memory. Detailed recommendations on this issue can be found in.

The car battery has the important task of starting the entire device. It is also essential for nourishment. onboard network machine when the engine is inactive. The battery (battery) may lose its working qualities in case of problems associated with the electrical system of the car, or starting the engine. There are two ways to solve the problem: purchase a new device or restore what you already have.

The recovery procedure can be applied not only to car batteries, but also to other batteries. Photo: i.ytimg.com

Is it profitable to restore

By itself, it is quite simple, and a properly restored old battery can last longer than an inexpensive “new thing”. Besides, self definition the source of the problem will help to avoid collision with similar breakdowns in the future.

Battery device

At its core, a car battery is a structure made of metal plates with opposite charges. To create them, lead, nickel or cadmium alloys are used. IN central part batteries contain sulfuric acid, necessary for the formation of a galvanic couple. The whole structure is placed in a plastic case. When current is applied to the terminals of the device, energy accumulates in the battery.

After receiving a certain charge, the battery can provide a charge with a voltage level of 12 V. Photo: yakiru.ru

Starting a car starter requires a certain amount of energy, so as a result, the device is discharged. At good generator all losses are replenished while the motor is running. If this does not coincide with reality, then the battery will soon cease to cope with the tasks.

Causes of failure

Before undertaking a repair, it is imperative to identify and eliminate the source of the problem (this will also help determine whether the battery can be restored).

To the number similar reasons can be attributed:

Sulfation of lead plates. Occurs due to frequent and prolonged undercharges, or is a consequence of long-term storage in a discharged state. It is characterized by a rapid reduction in battery capacity, insufficient power level. Overheating of the entire internal contents of the battery is noted and too high level voltage at the outputs.

Deformation and shedding of coal plates. Sulfuric acid gets dark color. The device is practically unrepairable.

Short circuit between lead plates. The electrolyte boils off and excessive heating separate part of the battery. Exit: replacement of damaged elements.

Storage under excessive low temperatures. Causes damage to plates and external protective coating making subsequent recovery impossible.

There are several ways to restore a battery. Photo: ytapi.com

What are the ways to restore the battery

In order to reanimate the battery, various methods can be used:

Multiple charging of the device from a low current source with occasional interruption of the process. Breaks are necessary to equalize electrode potentials in deep regions and on the surface of metal plates. This helps to reduce the voltage level on the battery as a whole, making it capable of further absorption of charge.

Burning out the cause of the short circuit (if we are talking about this) with a high current (up to 100 Amperes). The method is not very safe and only helps in removing salt deposits.

Dissolution of sulfates by feeding high voltage(disulfation procedure). It is carried out with pauses (every 13 minutes) so that the gas evolution provoked by the increase in tension does not occur too intensively. The increase each time occurs by 0.1-0.2 V (the last limit is 14.8 V), until the capacity of the device stops increasing. At the beginning and end of the procedure, you will need to add some water to the acid solution (to achieve optimal density).

There are a number of other methods most commonly used for self-repairing the battery. We will talk about them below.

How to restore the battery with your own hands

When starting to repair a car battery, first of all, it is necessary to perform the following steps:

Remove the terminals, inspect the device;
If there is plaque on the lead electrodes (it can be white, green or Blue colour), remove its main mass with a piece of unnecessary cloth, and clean the conclusions with sandpaper (it is preferable to take fine-grained);
Try to connect the device.

If the problem was in bad contacts, then after such a procedure, the starter should function normally. Photo: i.ytimg.com

Otherwise, you will need to charge-discharge the battery. At modern models these two processes can occur simultaneously, providing prevention of sulfation. More "older" samples must be connected to an energy source with a current strength 10 times less than the capacity of the device (voltage - 14.7-15 V). On such a charge, it should stand for 10 hours (a little more, but no less).

This is followed by a complete discharge. In order for the battery to start consuming energy, you need to connect a car light bulb to it. When the light goes out, the battery is charged again. The cycle repeats several times until the device recovers.

To get rid of the consequences short circuit, you can resort to the help of a desulfating additive:

Mix the additive with sulfuric acid (electrolyte density - 1.28 g / cm 3) and let it brew for 48 hours;
Pour the mixture into the battery and measure the density of the composition;
With readings up to 1.28 g / cm 3, several cycles of charging and discharging the battery are performed;
If the elements of the device do not overheat, then the current can be halved;
After another couple of hours, the density of the liquid is measured, if it has not changed, then charging can be stopped, and the device can be considered restored.

Too dense filler must be diluted with water, and excessively rarefied - with sulfuric acid. When the composition of the solution is adjusted, you need to re-charge the battery.

Accelerated battery recovery option

For those to whom time is too precious, the following battery recovery option is suitable:

Fully charge the battery;
Drain the filler;
Rinse the internal cavity of the battery with distilled water;
Pour a solution of Trilon B (2%) and ammonia (5%) into the battery;
After an hour, drain the mixture, rinse the “insides” again with distilled water;
Pour in a fresh acid solution;
Fully charge the device.

It is possible that the solution with Trilon B and ammonia will have to be poured additionally 1-2 more times. The process is considered complete if no gas evolution occurs when the mixture enters the device.

How to restore even a very old battery - see this video:

note

Here are some things to consider when repairing a battery:

in sealed gel or AGM batteries, valves should not be opened, this leads to a loss of capacity;
a complete loss of battery capacity is diagnosed at a voltage level of less than 10 V;
the recovery process cannot be interrupted, all procedures and cycles must be carried out to the end.

When working with chemicals, you must always follow safety precautions and do not leave reagents in open containers and unattended.

Conclusion

Most battery failures are much easier to prevent than to deal with afterward. To do this, you just need to keep the terminals and leads clean, and also charge the car battery “to the eyeballs” every six months from a stationary source. Such simple care extends the life of the device to 5-7 years.

Do not immediately throw away the battery if the charge begins to disappear or the starter rotates every other time. In many cases, the battery is repairable. Knowing how to restore a car battery, you can extend its operation for several more seasons.

Battery Defects

Battery failures can be caused by both external and internal reasons. The first ones include:

Damage (cracks) to the plastic case of the battery caused by external influences or processes in the battery itself (overheating, swelling, etc.). In case of significant damage, repair is impractical and it is better to purchase new battery. Minor damage can be repaired independently with the help of improvised tools and materials, after draining all the electrolyte. At the end repair work fill in fresh electrolyte and charge the battery.
Oxidation of contact terminals. Repair comes down to cleaning oxides with sandpaper and rags or a rag. It would be useful to strip the contacts on the connected cables. After stripping, contacts and terminals can be treated with a small portion of machine oil.

The list of internal faults looks a little more impressive, and some of them do not allow you to restore the battery at all:

At misuse batteries, for example deep discharge or systematic undercharging, the elements may be damaged. And in the case of a discharged battery in the cold, the electrolyte freezes, which causes damage to the plates or case. Restoring the battery in such cases is impractical.
Shedding of carbon plates is diagnosed when the electrolyte darkens. Restoring the battery in this case is also unrealistic and you should purchase a new one.
Plate sulphation is the most common internal malfunction battery. At its initial stage, the battery can be restored, and a little later it will be indicated how this is done.
Plate closure. A sign of this defect is overheating of one of the cans and boiling of electrolyte in it. In some cases, the salvation is the replacement of lead plates, but you need to be prepared for a complete battery replacement.

Recovery Methods

Sulfation

The manifestation of this defect is white coating coarse-grained lead sulfate on plates. A layer of crystals covers the pores of the active substance, preventing the passage of electrolyte when charging the battery. Due to this malfunction, the resistance inside the battery increases sharply with a simultaneous decrease in its capacity. As a result, the battery begins to charge rapidly. The values of the electrolyte temperature and voltage also increase noticeably, which entails a sharp release of gases. After installation in a car, such a battery is extremely quickly discharged.

Sulfation of battery plates

Sulfation can occur due to a battery being discharged below 10.2 V, being stored for a long time in a state of discharge, too low an electrolyte level in banks, its low density, or contamination with third-party impurities.

The battery is recoverable only with slight sulfation. If the process has gone far, then the battery will have to be changed. The recovery process consists in the implementation of several cycles of charging - discharging the battery.

First, you need to fully charge the battery and bring the density of the electrolyte to a value of 1.285 g/cm3. This can be done by pouring in a denser (1.4 g/cm3) electrolyte.

Attention! Never add acid! This will only make the situation worse.

If there is a need to reduce the density, then you will need to add distilled water.

After that, you need to note the time and discharge the battery with a current of about 0.5 A using an incandescent lamp. It is necessary to reduce the voltage in each bank to 1.7 V or to 10.2 V in the entire battery. Further, using the value of the discharge current and the elapsed time, it is necessary to determine real capacity battery. If its value is lower than the nominal value, then the charge-discharge procedure will have to be repeated. Practice shows that in most cases it is enough to carry out 3-4 charge-discharge cycles. Having reached the nominal value of the capacity, you can consider the battery restored, put it on charge and, at the end of it, use it in normal mode.

Short circuit

This defect can occur when the separators fail or the plates warp during discharging with a high current (prolonged use of the starter, or a spark test). Through the cracks that have appeared on the plate, the active substance begins to penetrate. Sliding down, it fills inner space and connects opposite-pole plates. The magnitude of the discharge current increases sharply, which leads to the failure of the battery.

Damage to battery plate separators

Troubleshooting consists in adding a special desulfating additive to the electrolyte. Previously, its density must be brought to 1.28 g/cm3. The resulting mixture for complete dissolution should be left for 48 hours, and then poured into the battery and again measure the density value.

If its value has not changed noticeably, then you can start the process of charging - discharging, which should be repeated several times. If the battery does not heat up during charging, and the electrolyte does not boil, then the current strength can be reduced by half. If after two hours the density value has not changed, then charging can be stopped.

With a noticeable change in the density value of more than 1.28 g / cm3, it is necessary to add water to the electrolyte, and if it deviates to a lower side, sulfuric acid. By bringing the density value to the nominal level, you can repeat the charging process.

There are also cases when dirt, grease and moisture create a conductive layer that will slowly kill your battery, and discharge it to zero in winter. This phenomenon is quite rare and the mechanic may not know about it or simply miss it, which will eventually lead to an erroneous recommendation to replace the battery. It is easy to check the leak yourself with a multimeter, eliminating premature spending.

Leakage in the battery case

Reverse charge

The process is to change the polarity of the battery. Before restoring a car battery in this way, you need to find a powerful source of voltage of at least 20 V and a current of at least 80 A. A welding machine is quite suitable.

First you need to open the plugs of the cans and connect the "plus" of the voltage source to the "minus" of the battery, and the "minus" of the source to its "plus". Then you can start the charging process for half an hour. The electrolyte will boil rapidly. At the end of charging, turn off the equipment, drain the electrolyte, rinse the battery with hot water and fill in fresh electrolyte.

After that, using a conventional 10-15 ampere charger, you should charge the battery for a day. It should be remembered that the polarity of the battery has already changed.

After completing this process, the battery correct operation may last a few more years.

Maintenance free batteries

Almost all new car models are equipped with so-called ones, which, according to the intention of the manufacturers, should not distract attention to themselves. However, their operation and charging differ in some nuances.

First of all, it should be remembered that during the warm season, such batteries are constantly recharged in the car. But charging them with special device is more gentle and correct than constant recharge from an autogenerator.

The situation changes significantly with the advent of winter. In cold weather, the lubricant in the engine thickens and a larger starting current is required to start it. This may cause the battery to drain quickly. Therefore, charging maintenance-free battery winter is a must.

This process must be carried out very carefully, since it is impossible to determine the electrolyte density in it. You can rely only on the value of the residual voltage and draw conclusions from the current situation.

A partially charged battery should be continuously charged for about three hours by applying a voltage of 14–14.5 V, controlling only the current strength - from 25 A at the very beginning of the process to 0.20 A when fully charged.

For a fully discharged battery, the charging cycle should last at least a day and be carried out with maximum attention. The voltage regulator must be set to a value numerically equal to ten percent of the capacity of the battery being charged in ampere-hours. At the first sign of active gas formation, the process should be stopped. Upon completion of charging, it is imperative to check the voltage value for compliance with the nominal value.

Terminal oxidation

To prevent most car battery problems, it is enough to periodically clean the contact terminals and terminals, as well as once every six months to carry out it full charge using a stationary device. And regular care of the rotating and rubbing parts of the engine and starter will extend the battery life to at least 5 years.