How to open a car rental. How to start a car rental business

The Russians seem to have "tasted" car rental, realized its advantage. Hence the huge growth rate rental cars mobiles in Russia. Annual growth - more than 20%! In this article, we will talk about renting a car - where to get a car for this, what class, how much, etc. And also about the pitfalls of this business. But let's start with the main thing, let's talk about customers.

In Russia, the car rental business is rapidly gaining momentum

Car rental customer base

The customer base can be divided into two subspecies:

• legal entities;
• individuals.

Legal entities

In our country, legal entities are mainly represented by representative offices of foreign companies. In the West, it has long been understood that becoming a corporate client (and therefore enjoying discounts) of a car rental company is cheaper than keeping your own car fleet and incurring the associated costs. Gradually, domestic firms also come to this, but too gradually.

Individuals

Here the composition is more diverse:

• middle and higher level businessmen;
• top management large companies;
• Foreign tourists;
• people renting a car for various celebrations.

As you can see middle class not included in this list. The middle class in Russia is still weak and cannot afford to use car rental on a permanent basis.

Often cars are rented for special occasions.

Some doubts may cause the first two positions in this list. These people should definitely have their own car. But there is nothing surprising here. Cars sometimes break down, get into an accident, and a businessman without a car is like without hands. Yes, and he was not used to being without car key in the pocket. He is uncomfortable! In addition, domestic businessmen often rent a car to enhance their image. For example, negotiations with an important client are coming up and a contract with a large number of zeros is at stake. For this case, you can light up on a representative brand new Mercedes, and not on your Passat, not the latest model.

Some narrowness of the client base does not mean at all that the keys to your rental cars can be trusted by everyone. Car rental companies usually refuse customers under 21 (and for expensive cars- 25 years) and a driving experience of less than a year (or even 3 years).

If a premium-class car is rented without a driver, then the company breaks through such a client in its databases for a criminal record.

Where to get a car for car rental

This is a business, which means that it obeys all its laws. The main one is to try to put money into circulation, and not to deaden it in fixed assets. Hence the conclusion. If you have, for example, 2 million rubles, then it is better to lease 6 cars for them executive class by paying a down payment of 30% of the cost of a car than buying 2 cars.

In any business, it is important to properly manage your finances.

Let's say each car will bring 60 thousand rubles a month. Of these, you will give 30 thousand for leasing. In total, your monthly profit will be 30,000 x 6 = 180,000 rubles. When buying two cars, this will be 2 x 60,000 = 120,000 rubles. But you still have to pay for insurance and Maintenance, and with leasing, all this is already taken into account in the monthly payment.

You can, of course, buy used cars for little money, externally bring them to a new state and let them go for rent. As practice shows, very quickly such cars begin to break down often, without bringing any profit, only losses. After all, when renting a car, a person treats it, not like his own. Hence the increased wear.

By the way, leasing provides for a scheme under which it is possible to rent in 3-4 years old car, as a down payment for a new car!

What should be the structure of the fleet

In the very general case rental car fleet must have cars:

• premium class;
• business class;
• Economy class;
• retro and exclusive.

Features of the customer base in Russia dictate interesting proportions among these classes - 20–30% of the total number of cars is premium class, 60–70 is business class, the rest is economy (excluding retro and exclusive cars). In these classes, cars are in demand with both mechanical box gears and automatic transmission.

The farther from Moscow and St. Petersburg, the more demand in the economy class. Our only advice - do not use Russian cars. Domestic "Ladas" are no longer so different in price, but their reliability still leaves much to be desired.

Where to keep cars

No garages! After all, most of the time your cars should drive! Therefore, the most acceptable option is parking. By the way, it could be a parking lot near some large shopping center or hypermarket. It is only necessary to resolve organizational issues with their leadership. You can also rent office space there. Ideally, if the parking lot is located near a major transport hub - a railway or bus station, but not an airport, which is too far from the city, which is inconvenient for the majority of customers.

Car rental price

This the most important indicator needs to be determined after being drawn up carefully. It is necessary to carefully calculate all the costs - for maintenance personnel, car maintenance, leasing costs, the cost of parking, office rent, advertising (a very important expense item, especially for start-up companies), etc.

In no case, to reduce costs, we do not recommend:

• (see arguments above);
• save on insurance (exclude various insured events, for example, theft);
• save on car equipment (for example, not equip it with a system that allows you to track the location of the car).

Of course, it is necessary to strive to reduce costs, but doing it wisely. More promising is an increase in the range of services. For example, delivering a person home after various celebrations. That is, you provide the client with a car for rent with a driver plus a driver who will deliver to specified place his car.

Currently, car rental prices are approximately the following:

• Economy class ( Chevrolet Aveo, Renault Logan, Daewoo Lanos etc.) - 900–1500 rubles / day;
• business class (Toyota Corolla, Mazda 6, Nissan Teana, BMW 1–3 series, Audi 1–4, etc. Ford Mondeo) - 2500–4500 rubles / day;
• premium class (Toyota Camry, Toyota Land Cruiser, Infiniti, BMW 5–7 series, Audi 6–8, Lexus, etc.) - from 5000 rubles per day.

All prices are without driver. If a driver is needed, then $60/day is usually added to the price tag.

Another point is the daily mileage. As a rule, it is limited to 200 km / day. If more - the daily rate increases sharply.

The car rental business is an interesting and rather unusual idea for Russia, which can bring its owner an impressive profit with a minimum of physical and time costs. But you will have to invest a lot in this business, since money will be required to create your own fleet. In order for the activity to be profitable and quickly pay off, you need to start with at least 10 - 15 cars.

Market assessment

Car rental is an interesting service. It is in great demand abroad, especially in those cities where the number of tourists is large. In Russia, the car rental niche is poorly developed. Basically, the services of such companies are used in large cities. Thus, more than half of the income from car rental comes from Moscow and St. Petersburg. Much more modest results in other million-plus cities.

The larger the settlement, the more money the entrepreneur can earn. But to open own business there is no point in a small town. There the service will be unclaimed. You can only rent your car by placing free ads in newspapers, bulletin boards.

There is no competition in the car rental industry as such. This segment of the market is almost empty. The exception is big cities. But even there the market is not crowded - a beginner will be able to occupy his niche and make a profit.

To determine which cars to buy, you need to estimate the demand for the service. Most often, people rent a car for the following reasons:

• temporarily do not have your car (is under repair, for example);
• during rest;
• for a business trip.

Much less often, cars are rented before the direct purchase of a car in order to evaluate the convenience and other properties of the vehicle.

It is not enough to estimate the demand for a service. It is important in the course of this research to understand what kind of car a potential buyer would like to receive. When choosing a car, people evaluate the following parameters:

• convenience;
• appearance;
• price;
• Availability additional options;
• vehicle status.

Based on this, three groups of potential buyers can be identified:

1. Those who want to rent cheap car. This includes the middle strata of the population. A few years ago, it was profitable for such citizens to offer domestic cars. But now their price has risen sharply, and the cost of services has remained at the same level. Therefore, it makes sense to buy inexpensive foreign cars. It's better to stop at Daewoo Nexia, Chevrolet Lanos or Renault Logan. These cars are among the budget vehicles, but on the road they behave quite well.
2. People who want to rent an inexpensive car but always with an automatic. It's a little higher price category cars. They are in demand among women and young people. The number of such clients is increasing. People increasingly prefer the automatic, and some of them simply do not know how to use the mechanics. For such customers, a separate category of cars should be provided. For example, you can buy one of the Hyundai models.
3. Clients who prefer expensive cars. There are far fewer such people. They make up about 10% of all consumers. Therefore, it makes no sense to buy a lot of premium cars. But a large fleet of vehicles should have at least a few options. But in small business it makes no sense to buy it, often the car simply does not pay back the costs incurred.

It is worth considering buying used cars for your fleet. The age of vehicles in this case should be about 2 - 3 years. Such a car will cost almost 2 times cheaper than a new one, but the cost of renting it will be almost the same. This will significantly increase profitability, and the payback period can be reduced by 2 times.

Why start a car rental business?

The idea of ​​starting a car rental business is suitable not only for an experienced entrepreneur, but also for a beginner. You can do this business, if only because it has a number of the following advantages:

• Doesn't require major investment. Indeed, if a businessman does not have a lot of capital, he can start by buying just a few used cars. But for experienced entrepreneurs, it’s better to get 10 cars at once. This will allow you to reach high level arrived.
• Minimum operating expenses. After buying a car, significant costs are eliminated. Gasoline is paid by the client himself, breakdowns are possible, but in most cases they do not involve large cash injections. And having car insurance will eliminate the need to restore it at your own expense in the event of an accident. All you need to pay is the inspection and insurance.
• Opportunity to earn additional income. When the car pays off its cost, it can be sold. This will increase the level of income and profitability.
• No major investment of time required. It is not necessary to devote all your time to this matter. It is enough to answer incoming calls, issue and receive cars. This format of doing business allows a person to work at a regular job and do his own thing.
• No skill required. Indeed, you can rent a car without any special personal qualities or professionalism. Even creative thinking in this area is not necessary, because the car will sell itself. You just need to place an ad about the service in local newspapers, on free bulletin boards.

Legal aspects

An important point of starting your own car rental business is that entrepreneurial activity without registration will not work. After all, you need to document the lease agreement, provide for insurance that allows you to receive compensation, even if it was not the owner of the car who was driving. You need to act like this:

1. Choosing the most appropriate organizational form. A small rental can be registered as an individual entrepreneur. If there are several business owners, then it makes sense to open an LLC. But in this case, you need to be prepared for a more stringent verification of registration documents. In addition, LLCs have certain requirements for conducting cash transactions. Accounting for such firms is also more complicated than for individual entrepreneurs, who may even be exempted from accounting.
2. Selecting the OKVED code. Here it is enough to choose the code from the new 2017 directory 77.11 - "Rent and leasing cars and lungs vehicles» . It must be specified when applying for registration. The specified code allows you to rent cars, both with a driver and without him.
3. Choice of tax regime. There are three available options- STS "income", STS "income minus expenses" and PSN. When buying cars, it is better to choose the first scheme. But when acquiring cars on lease, it will be more profitable to pay taxes on the difference between income and expenses. In this case, leasing payments can be taken into account and the taxable base can be reduced by their amount.

The expediency of acquiring a patent must be determined independently. Its cost in each region is different. Before buying a patent, it is worth calculating its price, estimated profit and tax that would have to be paid on the simplified tax system.

It is important to determine the channels for promoting your business. More and more people are trying to create their own website. This solution is advisable for large companies or rentals located in large or resort cities. But in smaller settlements this option may not bring the desired effect.

Therefore, it makes sense to take care of advertising in local newspapers. You can hang ads near large hostels, hotels, near railway stations. When choosing newspapers for placing ads, it is better to give preference to those that are mailed weekly to mailboxes.

Additionally, it is worth adding the organization to the industry directory of your city. So people can quickly find where to rent a car.

Minimization of possible risks

In order for the business to be profitable, it is necessary to take into account possible dangers and minimize the risk of their occurrence. It is especially important to address the following questions:

• Age group. You can limit the minimum age or required driving experience.
• Daily mileage limit. This will eliminate the possibility of renting a car by taxi drivers. For such categories of customers, you can provide an increased cost for services.
• Risk of theft, machine damage. It is important to determine the amount of the deposit. The bottom line is to receive a certain amount (usually, about 5,000 - 10,000 rubles). It will only be returned after the vehicle has been accepted. You can go the other way - to increase the cost of rental without collateral, for example, by 15 - 25%.
• Failure to pay a fine. In order for the client to undertake the obligation to pay the fine, the corresponding clause must be provided for in the contract. Even better, if a serious penalty is provided for late payment.

Financial results

If an entrepreneur opens a rental with 100 cars, then the cost of cars, GPS navigators, video recorders and other paraphernalia will be included in the initial expenses. Minor expenses will be associated with advertising, purchase of office equipment and business registration. In total, you will need at least 6,000,000 rubles.

The amount of expenses for one year will include the following cost items:

• insurance - 600,000 rubles;
• advertising - 50,000 rubles;
• repair, maintenance, car wash, parking - 550,000 rubles;
• rent office space- 100,000 rubles;
• wages to employees (including insurance payments) - 900,000 rubles;
• resolution of legal issues and disputes (it will not be possible to do without a lawyer) - 200,000 rubles.

Total: 2,400,000 rubles.

If we assume that 60% of cars will be used 300 days a year, then the average income will be (2,500 rubles - the cost of rental per day) 4,500,000 rubles. Taking into account the costs, the profit will be equal to 2,100,000 rubles per year. It turns out that the profitability is about 40 - 50% even with an incomplete load on the fleet. You will be able to recoup your expenses only after 3 years.

The car rental business is a fairly profitable and simple direction that does not require impressive financial investments. If in the recent past such services were not in demand, now the rental business is developing at a rapid pace.

• How to start your own car rental business?
• The target audience
• What are the best cars to rent?
• How much money do you need to start?
• How much can you earn by renting a car
• What documents are needed to rent a car
• What OKVED for business
• What documents are needed to rent a car
• How to make your car rental business more profitable

How to start your own car rental business?

Firstly, you can start franchising by becoming a representative of a well-known western company. Secondly, small car rental companies often operate with dealer centers. You can organize a separate, independent firm. Before choosing one or another form of doing business, you should evaluate its competitiveness. Setting up an enterprise does not present any particular difficulties, since car rental does not require obtaining special licenses.

The initial stages are the same for any type of business. This is the search for a suitable office space, staff recruitment, purchase of office equipment and software. Available in rental business and some features that should be studied in advance. Firstly, it is not easy to find specialists in the field of car rental. This line of business began to develop recently, there are few professionals in this area. With an increase in the number of companies providing these services, your firm may not be able to withstand the fierce competition.

The target audience

Cars are rented by both individuals and legal entities. Private individuals mean businessmen and top managers. Increasingly, foreign representations turn to car rental companies. This is due to the need for cars in the absence of their own fleet. Moreover, many companies find it unprofitable to maintain their own fleet.

This article was written based on the results of a Skype conversation with Nizhny Novgorod entrepreneur Vasily Kuropatin, who created his own cheap car rental business, and who shared his success with our readers with great pleasure. We tried to concentrate in the article the most important questions on opening an inexpensive car rental in a city with an average number of solvent population.

Car rental is a great business for those who understand!

Almost every person with a stable income has his own car. But, despite this, the rental of vehicles remains a very promising direction.

For example, in Europe and the USA, the car rental business is already well established. Many people do not bother with the maintenance of their own transport, but simply rent it.

In our country, this type of activity is developed very poorly, but the trend towards an increase in demand can still be traced. For example, for Last year The Russian car rental market grew by almost 15%. It is hoped that this trend will continue in the future.

The main thing: creating your own car rental business plan

We (the editors of the Russian Startup project in almost every article devoted to starting a new business do not cease to affirm (large personal experience) that starting a business without a well-developed, working business plan is the height of stupidity and “recklessness”.

Especially when it comes to businesses such as car rental where large investments are needed. Read the section of this article: "Financial performance". Look at the numbers, which reflect very, very serious investments in the business.

Is it possible to start such a business (as well as any other) without a clear understanding and step by step instructions? No and no. The business plan is your instruction and route map. Daily, practically.

Who are the clients?

As a rule, it is necessary to focus on wealthy clients. As for the representatives of the middle class, they rarely use the services of such companies.

An interesting fact is that most tenants have their own car. Reason for contacting rental company- repairing your transport, leaving the city, the need to create an impression on business partners, and so on.

Now more and more popular is the registration of a car for rent on long term, which provides the entrepreneur with a very solid and stable income.

VIP class cars are most often issued for a maximum of one day.

If you take at prices, then rent domestic car costs from 1000 rubles per day.

A foreign car will be more expensive - from 3000 rubles per day and more.

To the most expensive transport includes a limousine, which is billed on an hourly basis.

The average rental price is from 3000 rubles, but already per hour.

Such a high price is due to the fact that the car is provided with a driver.

Where possible, agreements should be made with corporate clients who will regularly rent cars and bring a stable income.

Naturally, for this type of cooperation there are certain requirements for the form of organization.

Choosing a form of ownership

If your task is to open a car rental business that can be developed and make a good profit, then give preference to "LLC" with simplified taxation.

At the same time, to reduce costs, register vehicles maybe for yourself. If there are doubts about the choice of the form of ownership, then you can contact the consultants who will describe the procedure in more detail.

As a rule, registration of an LLC costs about 100-150 thousand rubles.

Cheap car rental or luxury car rental?

Cars

The most expensive part is the purchase of transport for business. At the same time, starting with several machines is pointless. The best option is a fleet of 10-20 cars.

Most a budget option– products domestic auto industry. But keep in mind that such cars are rarely rented out, so it is better to give preference to reliable and time-tested foreign cars - Audi, Mercedes, BMW and others:

• economy class (40% of the total fleet) – subcompact foreign cars(Volkswagen, Ford, Renault and others). Their cost is from 2000 rubles per day;
• comfort class (20% of the total fleet) - Hyundai Solaris, Chevrolet Aveo and others. Rental price - from 3000 rubles;
• business class (20% of the total fleet) - Skoda Octavia, Volkswagen Passat, Honda Accord and others. The price of such cars is from 4000 rubles per day;
• elite class (20%) - for example, Audi A6, Mercedes. Such cars are more suitable for businessmen for organizing business meetings. The cost of renting a VIP class car is from 7,000 rubles per day.

As for more prestigious brands, such as Porsche or Ferrari, it is unfortunately impossible to do this in Russia.

You can buy cars immediately for cash (in this case, the amount of costs can exceed 20 million rubles) or you can lease equipment. In the latter case, you can "get off" only with an advance payment.

In the future, you can make payments already from the received profit. A big plus of leasing is that the cars remain the property of the lessor.

This means that registration, maintenance and registration are his problems. In addition, there is a chance to save on tax payments (which most entrepreneurs successfully use).

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Insurance

It is not enough to buy (lease) cars - they must be maintained. At the same time, the largest expense item is insurance. As a rule, for each car it is about 10-15% of the total price.

At the same time, hiding cars from insurers or trying to cheat is a very risky business. It is better to arrange all the cars normally and get a discount.

Most insurance companies go to provide services with an unconditional deductible.

The discount in this case can be quite substantial.

Particular attention should be paid to the conditions prescribed in the insurance contract. The documents must indicate that the car can be left anywhere and at any time.

The total cost of insurance - from 2 million rubles a year.

Parking

You need to choose a place where all cars will be stored. It is desirable that it be protected and covered parking. The optimal location is in a residential area or in the center.

Cost - from 2 thousand rubles for one place. If there are 10-20 cars in the park, then the costs will be from 20,000 rubles per month.

Do you need an office?

As for your business premises, the situation is twofold. On the one hand, you can save money on this expense item, and applications can be accepted by phone and the car delivered to the specified address.

On the other hand, foreign clients prefer to work through offices. In principle, it is enough to rent a small room for 2-3 people.

The optimal location is as close as possible to the parking lot where the cars are located. The area of ​​the room should be 15-20 square meters. In this case, the rental price is from 20,000 rubles.

It is necessary to organize workplaces for employees in the room, put tables with computers, chairs and sofas for clients. The total cost of equipping the premises is from 100 thousand rubles.

Employees

You will need several workers. 2-3 people will need to be placed in the office for receiving and processing orders, making payments and other "paper" work.

In addition, it is required to hire 1-2 specialists in the production of transport (and drivers in one person).

As for the dispatchers for receiving applications, young girls or boys are suitable here, preferably with an economic education. Knowledge of car models and their features (at least in in general terms) is required.

As for the release specialist, this may be a former taxi driver. The main requirements are no criminal record, responsibility and knowledge of cars.

Total labor costs - from 100,000 rubles per month.

Advertising

Car rental is a business that needs to be promoted. At the same time, the greatest result can be achieved by installing outdoor advertising, organizing a site on the Internet and placing banners on relevant sites, distributing booklets and visits.

For the first time, you can paste over all the cars from your fleet. The costs here are small, but the effect will be maximum. “Decorate” with such advertising one car will cost from 2 thousand rubles.

Create and promote a high-quality website - from 50 thousand rubles, and then another 5 thousand rubles a month to maintain it, fill it with content and other events.

Car rental without a driver

Payback

One of the main issues is the payback of the business. As a general rule, the machine must be running about 60% of the time to make a normal profit.

In this case, you can count on income in the amount of 700 thousand rubles a month. As a rule, this indicator can be reached after a few months of work.

The total payback is 2-3 years.

Table number 1. Potential of consumers of car rental services in Russia

dangers

We must not forget that car rental for money is a risky type of business. Therefore, it is necessary to selectively approach the choice of clients and put forward certain requirements for them.

In particular, the age must be from 25 years old (minimum from 21 years old). An important factor is the presence of a solid driving experience ( best option- from 3 years).

At the same time, we must not forget that even a thorough check cannot completely protect customers from getting into an accident. This is where the contract with the insurance company will be needed.

At the same time, the car rental business still suffers losses, because the car is being repaired, and, therefore, does not generate income.

Another important point is a deposit requirement from customers. Here rates may vary. For example, when registering a domestic car, the deposit will be from 50,000 rubles, foreign cars - from 100,000 rubles.

In this case, the higher the value of the car, the greater the deposit. But keep in mind that this option can scare away many customers.

Table number 2. Growth of car rental market participants in Russia

Results:

So, let's sum up the financial results:

• business registration - from 100,000 rubles;
• purchase of cars - from 20 million rubles. Leasing is possible (in this case, the initial costs will be from 4 million rubles);
• insurance costs - from 2 million rubles;
• office and purchase of equipment - from 120,000 rubles;
• advertising - from 100,000 rubles;
• expenses for wages- from 90-100 thousand rubles per month;
• parking lot rental - from 20,000 rubles per month.

Income - from 700,000 rubles per month. Payback - 2-3 years.

Conclusion

Car rental business and more cheap rental cars is a very profitable, but risky direction. It is important to consider that it is necessary to open an LLC in big city with a population of 500 thousand people. Otherwise, it will be very difficult to get a decent profit.