In reality, instead of a constant frontal flame in the combustion zone, a detonation wave is formed, rushing at supersonic speed. In such a compression wave, fuel and oxidizer are detonated, this process, from the point of view of thermodynamics, increases Engine efficiency by an order of magnitude, due to the compactness of the combustion zone.
Interestingly, back in 1940, the Soviet physicist Ya.B. Zel'dovich proposed the idea of a detonation engine in the article "On the Energy Use of Detonation Combustion". Since then, many scientists from different countries, then the United States, then Germany, then our compatriots came forward.
In the summer, in August 2016, Russian scientists managed to create the world's first full-size liquid-propellant jet engine operating on the principle of detonation combustion of fuel. Our country has finally established a world priority in the development of the latest technology for many post-perestroika years.
Why is it so good new engine? A jet engine uses the energy released by burning a mixture at constant pressure and a constant flame front. During combustion, the gas mixture of fuel and oxidizer sharply increases the temperature and the flame column escaping from the nozzle creates jet thrust.
During detonation combustion, the reaction products do not have time to collapse, because this process is 100 times faster than deflagration and the pressure increases rapidly, while the volume remains unchanged. The allocation of such a large number energy can actually destroy a car engine, which is why such a process is often associated with an explosion.
In reality, instead of a constant frontal flame in the combustion zone, a detonation wave is formed, rushing at supersonic speed. In such a compression wave, fuel and oxidizer are detonated, this process, from the point of view of thermodynamics, increases the efficiency of the engine by an order of magnitude, due to the compactness of the combustion zone. Therefore, experts so zealously began to develop this idea.
In a conventional LRE, which is in fact a large burner, the main thing is not the combustion chamber and nozzle, but the fuel turbopump unit (FPU), which creates such pressure that the fuel penetrates into the chamber. For example, in the Russian RD-170 rocket engine for Energia launch vehicles, the pressure in the combustion chamber is 250 atm and the pump that supplies the oxidizer to the combustion zone has to create a pressure of 600 atm.
In a detonation engine, pressure is created by detonation itself, which represents a traveling compression wave in the fuel mixture, in which the pressure without any TNA is already 20 times greater and turbopump units are superfluous. To make it clear, the American Shuttle has a pressure in the combustion chamber of 200 atm, and the detonation engine in such conditions needs only 10 atm to supply the mixture - this is like a bicycle pump and the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station.
In this case, a detonation-based engine is not only simpler and cheaper by an order of magnitude, but much more powerful and economical than a conventional rocket engine.
On the way to the implementation of the detonation engine project, the problem of co-ownership with the detonation wave arose. This phenomenon is not just a blast wave, which has the speed of sound, but a detonation wave propagating at a speed of 2500 m / s, there is no stabilization of the flame front in it, for each pulsation the mixture is updated and the wave starts again.
Previously, Russian and French engineers developed and built pulsating jet engines, but not on the principle of detonation, but on the basis of ordinary combustion pulsation. The characteristics of such PUVRDs were low, and when engine builders developed pumps, turbines and compressors, the age of jet engines and LREs came, and pulsating ones remained on the sidelines of progress. The bright heads of science tried to combine detonation combustion with a PUVRD, but the frequency of pulsations of a conventional combustion front is no more than 250 per second, and the detonation front has a speed of up to 2500 m/s and its pulsation frequency reaches several thousand per second. It seemed impossible to put into practice such a rate of mixture renewal and at the same time initiate detonation.
In the USA, it was possible to build such a detonation pulsating engine and test it in the air, however, it worked for only 10 seconds, but the priority remained with the American designers. But already in the 60s of the last century, the Soviet scientist B.V. Voitsekhovsky and, almost at the same time, an American from the University of Michigan, J. Nichols, came up with the idea to loop a detonation wave in the combustion chamber.
How a detonation rocket engine works
Such a rotary engine consisted of an annular combustion chamber with nozzles placed along its radius to supply fuel. The detonation wave runs around like a squirrel in a wheel, fuel mixture shrinks and burns out, pushing the products of combustion through the nozzle. In a spin engine, we obtain a wave rotation frequency of several thousand per second, its operation is similar to the working process in a rocket engine, only more efficiently, due to the detonation of the fuel mixture.
In the USSR and the USA, and later in Russia, work is underway to create a rotary detonation engine with a continuous wave to understand the processes occurring inside, and for this a whole science was created - physical and chemical kinetics. To calculate the conditions of an undamped wave, powerful computers were needed, which were created only recently.
In Russia, many research institutes and design bureaus are working on the project of such a spin engine, including the engine-building company of the space industry NPO Energomash. The Advanced Research Foundation came to help in the development of such an engine, because it is impossible to obtain funding from the Ministry of Defense - they only need a guaranteed result.
Nevertheless, during tests in Khimki at Energomash, a steady state of continuous spin detonation was recorded - 8 thousand revolutions per second on an oxygen-kerosene mixture. At the same time, detonation waves balanced vibration waves, and heat-shielding coatings withstood high temperatures.
But do not flatter yourself, because this is only a demonstrator engine that has worked for a very short time and nothing has yet been said about its characteristics. But the main thing is that the possibility of creating detonation combustion has been proven and a full-size spin engine it is in Russia that will remain in the history of science forever.
Video: Energomash was the first in the world to test a detonation liquid-propellant rocket engine
United Engine Corporation (UEC) intends to soon start creating new aircraft and rocket engines that will use detonation technologies.
Detonation subsonic and supersonic engine technology demonstrators have already been created. In tests, they showed 30-50% better specific thrust and fuel consumption compared to conventional power plants, RIA Novosti reported with reference to the corporation's data.
The Experimental Design Bureau im. Cradles. The Bureau proposed the development of a family of such propulsion systems that could be used on unmanned aerial vehicles, cruise missiles, aerospace aircraft and rockets.
Detonation engines differ:
- combustion of the fuel mixture, accompanied by the passage of a shock wave through it, which is formed due to supersonic propagation of the combustion front along the fuel mixture;
- a wide range of speeds - from subsonic to hypersonic, which can help in the creation of hypersonic missiles, the design of which has been actively carried out in Russia in recent years.
In 2013, the Experimental Design Bureau. Lyulki tested a prototype reduced sample of a pulsating resonator detonation engine with a two-stage combustion of a kerosene-air mixture. During the tests, the average measured thrust of the power plant was about one hundred kilograms, and the duration continuous work- more than ten minutes. During the experiments, the new engine was switched on and off repeatedly, as well as traction control.
According to the design bureau, detonation engines will increase the aircraft's thrust-to-weight ratio by 1.5–2 times. Work on the creation of pulsating detonation engines has been carried out in Russia since 2011.
In addition to Russia, several companies in the world are developing detonation engines at once: the French company SNECMA and American General Electric and Pratt & Whitney.
BASICS OF THE DETONATING ENGINE
If specific consumption fuel did not grow with increasing flight speed, then applying modern solutions to improve external aerodynamics, by increasing the flight altitude, at supersonic speeds, it would be possible to achieve the same range characteristics as that of a subsonic mainline aircraft. But the internal aerodynamics of supersonic aircraft has an unrecoverable drawback - at supersonic speeds, the specific fuel consumption of a traditional power plant increases monotonously with increasing speed at any flight altitudes. The way out is seen in the use of engines based on other principles than the traditional Brayton thermodynamic cycle of fuel combustion at constant pressure. The latter include pulse jet and detonation engines. The article discusses the advantages of using detonation combustion in turbojet and rocket engines.
One of the best in terms of thermodynamics is a detonation engine. Due to the fact that it burns fuel in shock waves about 100 times faster than with conventional slow combustion (deflagration), this type of engine is theoretically distinguished by a record power taken per unit volume compared to all other types of heat engines.
The question of using detonation combustion in power engineering and jet engines was first raised by Ya.B. Zeldovich back in 1940. According to his estimates, direct-flow air- jet engines, using detonation combustion of fuel, should have the highest possible thermodynamic efficiency.
DIRECTIONS OF WORK ON PULSED DETONATION ENGINES
Direction #1 - Classic Pulse Detonation Engine
The combustion chamber of a typical jet engine consists of nozzles for mixing fuel with an oxidizer, a device for igniting the fuel mixture, and the flame tube itself, in which redox reactions (combustion) take place. The flame tube ends with a nozzle. As a rule, this is a Laval nozzle, which has a tapering part, a minimum critical section in which the velocity of the combustion products is equal to the local speed of sound, an expanding part in which the static pressure of the combustion products is reduced to a pressure of environment, as much as possible. Very roughly, one can estimate the thrust of an engine as the area of the critical section of the nozzle, multiplied by the pressure difference in the combustion chamber and the environment. Therefore, the thrust is higher, the higher the pressure in the combustion chamber.
The thrust of a pulse detonation engine is determined by other factors - the transfer of an impulse by a detonation wave to the thrust wall. Nozzle in this case is not needed at all. Pulse detonation engines have their own niche - cheap and disposable aircrafts. In this niche, they are successfully developing in the direction of increasing the pulse repetition rate.
Traditional impulse detonation engines are long tubes through which shock waves travel at low frequency. The system of compression and rarefaction waves automatically regulates the supply of fuel and oxidizer. Due to the low repetition rate of shock waves (units of Hz), the time during which fuel combustion occurs is short compared to the characteristic cycle time. As a result, despite high efficiency actually detonation combustion (20-25% more than engines with the Brayton cycle), the overall efficiency of such designs is low.
The main task in this area at the present stage is the development of engines with high frequency following shock waves in the combustion chamber or creating an engine with continuous detonation(CDE).
The classic appearance of the IDD is a cylindrical combustion chamber, which has a flat or specially profiled wall, called the "draft wall". The simplicity of the IDD device is its undeniable advantage. Despite the variety of proposed schemes of PDE, all of them are characterized by the use of detonation tubes of considerable length as resonant devices and the use of valves that provide periodic supply of the working fluid.
It should be noted that the PDE, created on the basis of traditional detonation tubes, despite the high thermodynamic efficiency in a single pulsation, has the disadvantages characteristic of classical pulsating air-jet engines, namely:
– low frequency (up to 10 Hz) of pulsations, which determines the relatively low level of average traction efficiency;
– high thermal and vibration loads.
Direction No. 2 - Multipipe IDD
The main trend in the development of IDD is the transition to a multi-pipe scheme. In such engines, the frequency of operation of a single tube remains low, but due to the alternation of pulses in different tubes, the developers hope to obtain acceptable specific characteristics. Such a scheme seems to be quite workable if the problem of vibrations and asymmetry of thrust, as well as the problem of bottom pressure, in particular, possible low-frequency oscillations in the bottom area between the pipes, are solved.
Direction No. 3 - PDD with a high-frequency resonator
The traction module of the IDD of the proposed scheme consists of a reactor and a resonator. The reactor serves to prepare fuel-air mixture to detonation combustion, decomposing molecules combustible mixture into reactive constituents.
Interacting with the bottom surface of the resonator as with an obstacle, the detonation wave in the process of collision transfers to it an impulse from the overpressure forces.
IDD with high-frequency resonators have the right to success. In particular, they can claim to modernize afterburners and refine simple turbojet engines, again designed for cheap UAVs. As an example, attempts at MAI and CIAM to modernize the MD-120 turbojet engine in this way by replacing the combustion chamber with a fuel mixture activation reactor and installing traction modules with high-frequency resonators behind the turbine. So far, it has not been possible to create a workable design, because. when profiling resonators, the authors use the linear theory of compression waves, i.e. calculations are carried out in the acoustic approximation. The dynamics of detonation waves and compression waves is described by a completely different mathematical apparatus.
The use of standard numerical packages for the calculation of high-frequency resonators has a fundamental limitation. All modern models turbulences are based on averaging the Navier-Stokes equations (the basic equations of gas dynamics) over time. In addition, Boussinesq's assumption is introduced that the turbulent friction stress tensor is proportional to the velocity gradient. Both assumptions are not satisfied in turbulent flows with shock waves if the characteristic frequencies are comparable with the frequency of turbulent pulsation. Unfortunately, we are dealing with just such a case, so here it is necessary either to build a model more high level, or direct numerical simulation based on the complete Navier-Stokes equations without using turbulence models (a task that is too heavy at the present stage).
From the schemes presented above, it can be seen that the PDE schemes being studied today are single-mode engines with a very limited control range, so their direct use as the only power plant on an aircraft is impractical. Another thing - rocket engine.
At the end of January, there were reports of new successes in Russian science and technology. It became known from official sources that one of the domestic projects of a promising detonation-type jet engine has already passed the testing stage. This brings the moment of complete completion of all the required work, as a result of which space or military rockets Russian development will be able to get new power plants with improved performance. Moreover, the new principles of engine operation can be applied not only in the field of rockets, but also in other areas.
In the last days of January, Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin told the domestic press about the latest successes of research organizations. Among other topics, he touched upon the process of creating jet engines using new operating principles. A promising engine with detonation combustion has already been brought to the test. According to the Deputy Prime Minister, the use of new principles of operation of the power plant makes it possible to obtain a significant increase in performance. In comparison with the designs of traditional architecture, there is an increase in thrust of about 30%.
Diagram of a detonation rocket engine
Modern rocket engines different classes and types operated in various areas use the so-called. isobaric cycle or deflagration combustion. In their combustion chambers, a constant pressure is maintained, at which the fuel burns slowly. An engine based on deflagration principles does not need particularly strong units, but is limited in maximum performance. Increasing the main characteristics, starting from a certain level, turns out to be unreasonably difficult.
An alternative to an isobaric cycle engine in the context of performance enhancement is a system with a so-called. detonation combustion. In this case, the fuel oxidation reaction occurs behind the shock wave, with high speed moving through the combustion chamber. This places special demands on the design of the engine, but at the same time offers obvious advantages. In terms of fuel combustion efficiency, detonation combustion is 25% better than deflagration combustion. It also differs from combustion with constant pressure by an increased heat release rate per unit surface area of the reaction front. In theory, it is possible to increase this parameter by three to four orders of magnitude. Consequently, the speed of reactive gases can be increased by 20-25 times.
Thus, the detonation engine, differing increased coefficient useful action, capable of developing more thrust with less fuel consumption. Its advantages over traditional designs are obvious, but until recently, progress in this area left much to be desired. The principles of a detonation jet engine were formulated as early as 1940 by the Soviet physicist Ya.B. Zeldovich, but finished products of this kind have not yet reached operation. The main reasons for the lack of real success are problems with creating a sufficiently strong structure, as well as the difficulty of launching and subsequently maintaining a shock wave using existing fuels.
One of the latest domestic projects in the field of detonation rocket engines was launched in 2014 and is being developed at NPO Energomash named after V.I. Academician V.P. Glushko. According to the available data, the purpose of the project with the Ifrit cipher was to study the basic principles new technology with the subsequent creation of a liquid rocket engine using kerosene and gaseous oxygen. The new engine, named after the fire demons from Arab folklore, was based on the principle of spin detonation combustion. Thus, in accordance with the main idea of the project, the shock wave must continuously move in a circle inside the combustion chamber.
The lead developer of the new project was NPO Energomash, or rather, a special laboratory created on its basis. In addition, several other research and design organizations were involved in the work. The program received support from the Advanced Research Foundation. By joint efforts, all participants of the Ifrit project were able to form an optimal image promising engine, as well as to create a model combustion chamber with new principles of operation.
To study the prospects of the whole direction and new ideas, a so-called. model detonation chamber combustion, corresponding to the requirements of the project. Such an experimental engine with a reduced configuration was supposed to use liquid kerosene as a fuel. Gaseous hydrogen was proposed as the oxidizing agent. In August 2016, testing of the experimental chamber began. Important, that for the first time in history, a project of this kind was brought to the stage of bench tests. Previously, domestic and foreign detonation rocket engines were developed, but not tested.
During the tests of the model sample, it was possible to obtain very interesting results showing the correctness of the approaches used. So, by using the right materials and technologies turned out to bring the pressure inside the combustion chamber to 40 atmospheres. The thrust of the experimental product reached 2 tons.
Model camera on the test bench
Within the framework of the Ifrit project, certain results were obtained, but the domestic liquid-fuel detonation engine is still far from full-fledged practical application. Before introducing such equipment into new technology projects, designers and scientists will have to decide whole line the most serious tasks. Only after that, the rocket and space industry or the defense industry will be able to start realizing the potential of new technology in practice.
In the middle of January Russian newspaper”published an interview with the chief designer of NPO Energomash, Petr Levochkin, the topic of which was the current state of affairs and the prospects for detonation engines. The representative of the enterprise-developer recalled the main provisions of the project, and also touched upon the topic of the successes achieved. In addition, he spoke about the possible areas of application of Ifrit and similar structures.
Eg, detonation engines can be used in hypersonic aircraft. P. Levochkin recalled that the engines now proposed for use in such equipment use subsonic combustion. At the hypersonic speed of the flight apparatus, the air entering the engine must be slowed down to sound mode. However, the braking energy must lead to additional thermal loads on the airframe. In detonation engines, the fuel burning rate reaches at least M=2.5. This makes it possible to increase the flight speed of the aircraft. Such a machine with a detonation-type engine would be able to accelerate to speeds eight times the speed of sound.
However, the real prospects for detonation-type rocket engines are not too great yet. According to P. Levochkin, we "have just opened the door to the area of detonation combustion." Scientists and designers will have to study many issues, and only after that it will be possible to create structures with practical potential. Because of this, the space industry will have to use traditional liquid-propellant engines for a long time, which, however, does not negate the possibility of their further improvement.
An interesting fact is that detonation principle combustion finds application not only in the field of rocket engines. Already exists domestic project aviation system with a detonation-type combustion chamber operating on the impulse principle. A prototype of this kind was brought to the test, and in the future it may give rise to a new direction. New engines with detonation combustion can find application in a variety of fields and partially replace gas turbine or turbojet engines traditional designs.
The domestic project of a detonation aircraft engine is being developed at the OKB. A.M. Cradles. Information about this project was first presented at last year's international military-technical forum "Army-2017". At the stand of the enterprise-developer there were materials on various engines, both serial and under development. Among the latter was a promising detonation sample.
The essence of the new proposal is the use of a non-standard combustion chamber capable of carrying out pulsed detonation combustion of fuel in an air atmosphere. In this case, the frequency of "explosions" inside the engine should reach 15-20 kHz. In the future, an additional increase in this parameter is possible, as a result of which the engine noise will go beyond the range perceived by the human ear. Such features of the engine may be of particular interest.
The first launch of the Ifrit prototype
However, the main advantages of the new power plant are associated with improved performance. Bench tests of experimental products showed that they are about 30% superior to traditional gas turbine engines in terms of specific performance. By the time of the first public demonstration of materials on the OKB engine. A.M. Cradles could get and quite high performance characteristics. An experimental engine of a new type was able to work for 10 minutes without interruption. The total operating time of this product at the stand at that time exceeded 100 hours.
Representatives of the developer indicated that it is already possible to create a new detonation engine with a thrust of 2-2.5 tons, suitable for installation on light aircraft or unmanned aerial vehicles. In the design of such an engine, it is proposed to use the so-called. resonators responsible for right move fuel combustion. An important advantage new project is the fundamental possibility of installing such devices anywhere in the airframe.
Specialists of OKB im. A.M. The cradles are working on aircraft engines with pulsed detonation combustion for more than three decades, but so far the project has not left the research stage and has no real prospects. main reason– lack of order and necessary financing. If the project receives the necessary support, then in the foreseeable future a sample engine suitable for use on various vehicles can be created.
To date, Russian scientists and designers have managed to show very remarkable results in the field of jet engines using new operating principles. There are several projects at once suitable for use in the rocket-space and hypersonic fields. In addition, new engines can be used in "traditional" aviation. Some projects are still in their early stages and not yet ready for inspections and other work, while in other areas the most remarkable results have already been obtained.
Exploring the subject of jet engines with detonation combustion, Russian specialists were able to create a bench model of a combustion chamber with the desired characteristics. The Ifrit prototype has already been tested, during which a large amount of various information was collected. With the help of the received data, the development of the direction will continue.
Mastering a new direction and translating ideas into a practically applicable form will take a lot of time, and for this reason, in the foreseeable future, space and army rockets in the foreseeable future will be equipped only with traditional liquid engines. Nevertheless, the work has already left the purely theoretical stage, and now each test run of an experimental engine brings closer the moment of building full-fledged missiles with new power plants.
According to the websites:
http://engine.space/
http://fpi.gov.ru/
https://rg.ru/
https://utro.ru/
http://tass.ru/
http://svpressa.ru/
While all progressive humanity from the NATO countries is preparing to start testing a detonation engine (tests can happen in 2019 (but rather much later)), backward Russia announced the completion of testing such an engine.
They announced it quite calmly and without frightening anyone. But in the West, as expected, they got scared and a hysterical howl began - we will be left behind for the rest of our lives. Work on a detonation engine (DD) is being carried out in the USA, Germany, France and China. In general, there are reasons to believe that Iraq is interested in solving the problem and North Korea- a very promising development, which actually means new stage in rocket science. And in general in engine building.
The idea of a detonation engine was first voiced in 1940 by the Soviet physicist Ya.B. Zel'dovich. And the creation of such an engine promised huge benefits. For a rocket engine, for example:
- The power is increased by 10,000 times compared to a conventional rocket engine. IN this case we are talking about the power received per unit of engine volume;
- 10 times less fuel per unit of power;
- DD is simply significantly (many times) cheaper than a standard rocket engine.
A liquid propellant rocket engine is such a big and very expensive burner. And expensive because a large number of mechanical, hydraulic, electronic and other mechanisms are required to maintain stable combustion. A very complex production. So complicated that the United States has been unable to create its own liquid-propellant rocket engine for many years and are forced to purchase RD-180 in Russia.
Russia will very soon receive a serial reliable inexpensive light rocket engine. With all the ensuing consequences:
a rocket can carry many times more payload- the engine itself weighs significantly less, fuel is needed 10 times less for the declared flight range. And you can simply increase this range by 10 times;
the cost of the rocket is reduced by a multiple. This is a good answer for those who like to organize an arms race with Russia.
And there is also deep space… Simply fantastic prospects for its development are opening up.
However, the Americans are right and now there is no time for space - packages of sanctions are already being prepared so that a detonation engine does not happen in Russia. They will interfere with all their might - our scientists have made a painfully serious claim for leadership.
07 Feb 2018 Tags: 1934Discussion: 3 comments
* 10,000 times more power compared to a conventional rocket engine. In this case, we are talking about the power received per unit volume of the engine;
10 times less fuel per unit of power;
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somehow does not fit with other posts:
“Depending on the design, it can exceed the original LRE in terms of efficiency from 23-27% for a typical design with an expanding nozzle, up to 36-37% increase in KVRD (wedge-air rocket engines)
They are able to change the pressure of the outflowing gas jet depending on atmospheric pressure, and save up to 8-12% of fuel throughout the entire structure launch site (The main savings occur at low altitudes, where it reaches 25-30%).»Answer
Detonation engine tests
FPI_RUSSIA / Vimeo
The specialized laboratory "Detonation LRE" of the Energomash Research and Production Association tested the world's first full-size detonation liquid-propellant rocket engine technology demonstrators. According to TASS, the new power plants run on an oxygen-kerosene fuel pair.
The new engine, unlike other power plants operating on the principle internal combustion, operates due to the detonation of the fuel. Detonation is the supersonic combustion of a substance, in this case a fuel mixture. In this case, a shock wave propagates through the mixture, followed by a chemical reaction with the release of a large amount of heat.
The study of the principles of operation and the development of detonation engines has been carried out in some countries of the world for more than 70 years. The first such work began in Germany in the 1940s. True, the researchers failed to create a working prototype of a detonation engine at that time, but pulsating jet engines were developed and mass-produced. They were placed on V-1 rockets.
In pulsating jet engines, fuel burned at subsonic speeds. This combustion is called deflagration. The engine is called pulsating because fuel and oxidizer were fed into its combustion chamber in small portions at regular intervals.
Pressure map in the combustion chamber of a rotary detonation engine. A - detonation wave; B - trailing front of the shock wave; C - mixing zone of fresh and old combustion products; D - fuel mixture filling area; E is the region of the non-knocking burnt fuel mixture; F - expansion zone with detonated burnt fuel mixture
Detonation engines today are divided into two main types: impulse and rotary. The latter are also called spin. Principle of operation pulse engines similar to that of pulse jet engines. The main difference lies in the detonation combustion of the fuel mixture in the combustion chamber.
Rotary detonation engines use an annular combustion chamber in which the fuel mixture is fed sequentially through radial valves. In such power plants, detonation does not fade - the detonation wave “runs around” the annular combustion chamber, the fuel mixture behind it has time to be updated. Rotary engine first began to be studied in the USSR in the 1950s.
Detonation engines are capable of operating in a wide range of flight speeds - from zero to five Mach numbers (0-6.2 thousand kilometers per hour). It is believed that such power plants can produce more power, consuming less fuel than conventional jet engines. At the same time, the design of detonation engines is relatively simple: they lack a compressor and many moving parts.
All detonation engines tested so far have been developed for experimental aircraft. Tested in Russia power point is the first designed to be mounted on a rocket. What type of detonation engine was tested is not specified.
