Domestic weapons and military equipment. Gaz "Vodnik": specifications, reviews and photos Vodnik military vehicle

"Vodnik":

unknown rover Russian army

For a long time this unique car, created Gorky Automobile Plant by order of the military, was classified. And when the stamp "top secret" was allowed to be removed, it turned out that no one needed "Vodnik" anymore ...

text: 5 wheel / 01/14/2015

It is not clear who came up with the idea to call this all-terrain vehicle "Vodnik". The name absolutely did not fit with the appearance of the car. Behind the mysterious name was the working abbreviation of the GAZ-3937 multi-purpose army vehicle. Be that as it may, "Vodnik" was a three-component - chassis, cab, body - a modular design. With this approach, it was possible to quickly install any attachments. cargo platform, passenger compartment, hydraulic manipulator? No problem! If you please, at least a mortar installation. Moreover, the body of the "Vodnik" was both load-bearing ... and displacement. In other words, this car could swim. In the "standard", due to the rotation of the wheels, at a speed of 4 km / h, and for a more temperamental movement on the water surface, the Vodnik could be equipped with a water cannon. For this and for other purposes, a power take-off was provided in the design.

The body of the GAZ-3937, akin to a turtle shell 2.6 meters wide and 2 meters high, relied on powerful wheels from an armored personnel carrier. The layout of the car is very unusual. The power unit - a 175-horsepower, 6.0-liter turbodiesel - was located to the right of the driver, along with a gearbox, transfer case and power take-off. The driver and passenger were located "like an airplane", one after the other. At the same time, the passenger was in a privileged position - he could fully stretch his legs. The process of landing the driver is akin to penetration into the famous GAZ-66, with the only difference being that the “pilot” of the monster had to open not one door, but two hatches. This is the civilian version.

in the army armored version the passenger entrance was determined through the driver. In the rear compartment, designed for eight people, there were a pair of hatches on each side and two in the back. In the living area, equipped with four lamps and a powerful heater, people were either face to face or back to back, four in a row.

The bottom of the all-terrain vehicle was made even and flat. On paved roads, heavy 6.5 ton car demonstrated enviable agility, accelerating to a maximum of 120 km / h in just over 20 seconds. In this case, the power reserve was 1000 km. The lack of a silencer affected the movement. But if the roar of the engine could be “understood with the mind”, then the terrifying howl of the transfer case put a lot of pressure on the psyche. Especially in the range of 80-100 km/h. A nightmarish rattle was also accompanied by the work of the limited slip differential, designed to slippery surface rotate the wheels synchronously. With his remarkable power potential, an impressive ground clearance of 400 mm, an independent torsion bar suspension and excellent weight distribution, the Vodnik was absolutely omnivorous off-road. The main thing was to set and correct the direction. And the car stubbornly made its way to the goal, despite the mud, sand, water ... Of course, those inside were thoroughly shaking. But this is so to say the costs of the genre. As well as the controls of the all-terrain vehicle, to which it was necessary to apply remarkable force.

Subsequently, the Vodnik had a modification of the GAZ-39371 with a three-seater cabin, made according to the usual layout. However, although Vodnik was a vehicle with ample opportunities and a low price (its cost was a little more than the cost of the same GAZ-66), it turned out to be unclaimed by neither the military, nor the oilmen, nor geologists ... And later it completely left the stage, giving way to a more modern and progressive GAZ - 2330 "Tiger".

Highly mobile multi-purpose vehicle GAZ-39371 "Vodnik" designed to install functional modules necessary for transporting people and goods in difficult areas, if necessary - with the protection of the crew from firearms. The design of the GAZ-39371 "Vodnik" car is based on a modular construction scheme, which allows you to quickly change combat and utility modules in the field, as well as ensure that one chassis performs the functions of several vehicles - special army vehicles, service vehicles, as well as combat vehicles with various options weapons - from light rifle to 120-mm mortar.

Currently, two machines of this family are known, GAZ-3937 And GAZ-39371 having the same layout: control compartment (with two seats on the GAZ-3937 and three on the GAZ-39371), combat and engine-transmission compartments. The design of the GAZ-3937 "Vodnik" is made according to modular scheme. The welded body has two removable modules - front and rear. The front compartment houses the engine compartment and the control compartment, separated by a sealed partition. The GAZ-39371 rear module can be used to transport personnel (armored or unarmored versions), mount various weapons or special equipment. According to the representatives of GAZ, it is planned to create 26 replaceable modules, installed depending on the nature of the tasks to be solved. The main advantage of this scheme is that thanks to the quick-connect connection of the rear module and the base flange of the housing, it is possible to quickly change different modules even in the field.

Total GAZ-3937 "Vodnik" there are 26 interchangeable modules, with the help of which it is possible to convert the machine from one version to another in the shortest possible time and using the simplest devices. For combat purposes, there are modules with a 14.5-mm KPVT machine gun, with a 30-mm automatic cannon, as well as with various anti-aircraft and anti-tank missile systems. The modular design, in addition to allowing you to unify the chassis for vehicles for various purposes, also has a positive effect on the survivability of combat installations. In the event of a vehicle hit with a combat module, the armament installation can be quickly transferred to one of the support vehicles built on the Vodnik chassis.

To protect the crew, several booking options have been worked out. The body of the GAZ-3937 "Vodnik", depending on the purpose of the vehicle, is made of armored steel, which provides protection for the crew from 7.62 mm caliber bullets and shrapnel. The front and rear modules can be performed both armored and unarmored, depending on the tasks performed by a particular machine. In addition, to increase the level of protection, it is possible to install additional armor protection on the machine. The armament of the combat module depends on the purpose of the vehicle. Currently, vehicles with combat modules armed with two 7.62-mm PKMS machine guns, as well as a turret machine gun mount from the BTR-80 with a 14.5-mm KPVT machine gun and a 7.62-mm PKT machine gun are being tested. The equipment installed on the vehicles includes the R-174 tank intercom, heater, air conditioner, and fire extinguishing equipment. It also provides for the installation of the R-163-50 U radio station, navigation equipment and special equipment: centralized system fire extinguishing, radio stations, navigation equipment and other equipment.

In accordance with the order of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, from April 10, 2001 to June 2001, on the basis of the 42nd Guards. honey, military tests of 12 GAZ-39371-221 Vodnik vehicles (pilot batch) were carried out. The unit is being tested in combat conditions on vehicles with combat modules with mounted turrets from the BTR-80. These vehicles were transferred to 4 measures of 72 small and medium enterprises, enlisted in the combat operation group and allocated to a separate company for escorting transport of the central transport. In fact, the first cars appeared in 42 honey in the summer of 2000 and were used in the VAI.

Armored car body GAZ-3937 "Vodnik", made of steel armor, protects the crew from 7.62-mm bullets when fired at close range. For the first time on an armored vehicle, uncovered multilayer armored glass without any additional armor plates or armor protections. The combat crew of the vehicle consists of 10–11 people: the squad (vehicle) commander, the driver and the landing force in the amount of eight (GAZ-3937) or nine (GAZ-39371) people. The mass of the towed trailer is up to 2.5 tons. The machine can be equipped with the following diesel engines: GAZ-562 (175 hp), YaMZ-460 (160 hp), HINO J07C (165 hp). The gearbox is five-speed with five gears forward and one reverse. GAZ-3937 "Vodnik" has two drive axles (4x4), steered wheels- front. Suspension - independent torsion bar on wishbones with hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers. To increase the survivability of the undercarriage and improve cross-country ability, there is a centralized tire pressure control system. With a gross weight of 6.6-7.5 tons, the machine is capable of speeds up to 112 km / h on the highway, climbing up to 30 ° and a vertical wall up to 0.4 m high. Without pre-training it can overcome a ford up to 1.2 m deep. The fuel range at a speed of 60 km / h can be up to 1000 km.

Tactical specifications GAZ-3937 "Vodnik"
Crew (calculation): 2 (+9 passengers)
Weight, kg: 7500
Length, mm: 5750
Width, mm: 2600
Height, mm: 2630
Engine type and model: GAZ-5621
Speed, km/h: 110
Engine power, hp: 175 hp (130 kW)
Power reserve, km: 1000
Suspension: torsion bar
Main armament: 14.5 mm KPVT
Additional armament: 1x7.62 PKT

GAZ-3937 "Vodnik" — Russian armored car multi-purpose. The car is designed to transport people and goods in difficult areas, if necessary - with the protection of the crew from firearms, as well as for fire support of infantry units. The combat crew of the vehicle consists of 10-11 people: the commander of the squad (machine), the driver and the landing force in the amount of eight (GAZ-3937) or nine (GAZ-39371) people.

The distant progenitor of the GAZ-3937 "Vodnik" is considered to be a floating car under the index NAMI-0281, the design of which was started back in 1985. But this car had a completely different layout. The power unit compartment was located in the rear of the body, and the passenger-and-freight compartment was located in the middle. This solution allowed to keep the trim afloat almost regardless of the cargo being transported. The modern GAZ-3937 has retained almost nothing from its predecessor. NAMI-0281 itself has some external resemblance to the BRDM. Developed in OKB OAO GAZ. Made in Arzamas machine-building plant. Adopted by the Russian Ministry of Defense in 2005.

Design features

The car is built on a modular scheme. The welded case includes two removable modules. The front module consists of a power compartment and a control compartment separated by a sealed partition.

The rear multi-purpose module can be replaced in the field thanks to a quick-release connection. In other words, one vehicle chassis can perform several functions, depending on the installed module:

• transportation of people;
• cargo transportation and technological equipment to hard-to-reach areas;
• transportation of residential blocks and other utility modules;
• performance of the functions of technological machines of the fuel and energy complex (tankers, tanks, etc.).

The car has a switchable front wheel drive, independent torsion bar suspension, a centralized tire inflation system, power steering, a powerful heating and air conditioning system.

Armor, armament and equipment

According to representatives of GAZ, it is planned to create 26 replaceable modules, installed depending on the nature of the tasks being solved. The main advantage of this scheme is that thanks to the quick-connect connection of the rear module and the base flange of the housing, it is possible to quickly change different modules even in the field. For combat purposes, there are modules with a 14.5-mm KPVT machine gun, with a 30-mm automatic cannon, as well as with various anti-aircraft and anti-tank missile systems. The modular design, in addition to allowing you to unify the chassis for vehicles for various purposes, also has a positive effect on the survivability of combat installations. In the event of a vehicle with a combat module being hit, the armament installation can be quickly transferred to one of the support vehicles built on the Vodnik chassis.

To protect the crew, several booking options have been worked out. The body of the GAZ-3937 "Vodnik", depending on the purpose of the vehicle, is made of armored steel, which provides protection for the crew from 7.62 mm caliber bullets and shrapnel. The front and rear modules can be performed both armored and unarmored, depending on the tasks performed by a particular vehicle. In addition, to increase the level of protection, it is possible to install additional armor protection on the machine. The armament of the combat module depends on the purpose of the vehicle. Currently, vehicles with combat modules armed with two 7.62-mm PKMS machine guns, as well as a turret machine gun mount from the BTR-80 with a 14.5-mm KPVT machine gun and a 7.62-mm PKT machine gun are being tested. The equipment installed on the vehicles includes the R-174 tank intercom, heater, air conditioner, and fire extinguishing equipment. It also provides for the installation of the R-163-50 U radio station, navigation equipment and special equipment: a centralized fire extinguishing system, a radio station, navigation equipment and other equipment.

Specifications

Video

At the Nizhny Novgorod company "Technoservice" a civilian version of the car is being prepared for production. It will be a vehicle power unit HINO-J07C and improved ergonomics. The release of such a car is planned to begin in late 1999 - early 2000.

Transmission: 5-speed with five gears forward and one reverse.
Transfer case: mechanical, two-stage, with direct and overdrive, with a power take-off shaft.
Drive axles: with cam, limited slip differentials.
Wheel reducers: single-stage, with helical spur gears.
Suspension: independent torsion bar on transverse levers with hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers.
wheels: with split rims and internal spacer rings. Number of wheels - 4.
Tires: pneumatic, size 13.00-18" model K-58 assembled with a wheel size 9.00-18" or combat tires size 13.00-18" model I-K2.2 with a wheel size 10.00-18". The tire pressure regulation system is centralized and controlled from the cab.
Steering: Steering gear mechanical with hydraulic booster, for GAZ-3937 - with one working cylinder, for GAZ-39371 - with two.
Brake systems: Working brake system pneumohydraulic, dual-circuit with separate axle braking. Parking brake system - transmission with a mechanical drive.
electrical equipment: single-wire system, 24V, battery: 6ST110A-2 pcs. or 6ST55 - 4 pcs.
Means of communication: R-174 intercom, installation of the R-163-50U radio station is provided.
Microclimate systems: independent heater, air conditioner.
Frame: carrier, open type, has three compartments: engine, control and compartment payload. On the upper edge of the housing there is a flange with mounting holes for installing modules.
Front module for GAZ-3937: double, the commander's seat is located behind the driver's seat, double hatches are provided for boarding and disembarking. The driver's seat is adjustable in height and in the longitudinal direction, the commander's seat - only in height.
Front module for GAZ-39371: triple, with the placement of the driver's and commander's seats in a row along the car and the radio operator's seat behind the driver, doors are provided for boarding and disembarking the driver and commander, and a hatch for the radio operator. The driver's seat is adjustable in height and in the longitudinal direction, the seats of the commander and radio operator - only in height.
Rear module: equipped with seats for transporting 8 people, and the design of the seats allows them to be installed in the module back to back or face to face. The module is equipped with six doors for entry and exit (two each on the right, left and rear), opening upward and holding open gas shock absorbers. In addition to the basic module, several more variants of modules for transporting people (including armored ones), an economic module, which can also serve as field housing, have been developed. At the request of the customer, the necessary functional modules for installation on a car can be developed.
Special equipment: bulletproof glass and tires; air conditioning system; preheater- heater; means of communication: radio station, intercom; radiation dose rate meter.