DIY ventilation deflector. How to install deflectors

The concept of “deflector” is probably known to many car owners. Deflectors on the hood and windows have become a popular part for car tuning. Fewer people know about another type of these devices used in construction - “ventilation” deflectors. What is a deflector in the understanding of builders?

A ventilation deflector is an aerodynamic device attached to the head of the exhaust pipe (duct). Installing a deflector increases the draft of smoke and ventilation ducts and increases the overall efficiency of the smoke removal or ventilation system.

The device operates on the principle of the Bernoulli effect, a Swiss physicist who discovered the relationship between the flow rate of a liquid or gas and the pressure in the channel. When the channel narrows, the flow rate of liquid or gas increases, causing a decrease in pressure in this section of the pipeline (air duct).

Note: The ventilation deflector “catches” the wind passing through a narrow channel – a diffuser. This provokes a pressure drop at the top of the ventilation duct or chimney (at the location where the deflector is installed). The vacuum under the diffuser is filled with air rising through the ventilation or smoke exhaust duct.

High-quality deflectors, the installation of which is carried out according to all the rules, regulate the air flow in the diffuser and the direction of discharge of gases supplied by the exhaust pipe. A well-designed and correctly installed ventilation deflector increases the efficiency of the exhaust duct by 20%. This allows you to level out the lack of height of the exhaust pipe or the insufficient cross-section of the ventilation duct.

Varieties

The construction market offers many types of deflectors. They differ in material of manufacture, type of construction, purpose and appearance. It is worth noting that there are not only ventilation deflectors. The most widely known to the general public are deflectors used in the aircraft and automotive industries. Tuning enthusiasts use car deflectors, the installation of which changes the air flow around the car body.

First of all, this is a hood deflector, deflectors (visors) for car windows, called “wind deflectors”. While various plastics are suitable for the production of automobile deflectors, devices for ventilation systems and smoke exhaust ducts are made exclusively from metal. In their production we use:

• aluminum;
• stainless steel;
• galvanizing;
• copper (rarely used due to high price).

The scope of application and materials are clear. Now we can consider design differences deflectors. By this characteristic devices are divided into:

In addition to the main types, there are many different designs that can sometimes be difficult to classify. These are modern rotating deflectors with spiral blades, rotating on a bearing, or simple umbrella covers. Simple deflectors are very popular, the installation of which can significantly increase traction.

It is worth noting another method of classifying these devices - dividing them into static (stationary) and rotational (rotating) deflectors.

If we talk about the technical characteristics that distinguish such devices, there are not many of them:

• material of manufacture;
• sizes.

When choosing a deflector, you should pay attention to the design of the product. After the desired one is selected construction type, you can start choosing the optimal size.

Performance calculation and selection of optimal design ventilation deflectors– the topic of a separate article. In this text we will consider devices for fireplace and stove chimneys.

Rotary deflectors

Rotating devices are used in ventilation systems and chimneys. They do not require an engine - rotation occurs under the influence of the wind. The rotating turbine creates a vacuum in the channel, drawing out excess heat and moisture, harmful gases and dust, protecting the interior from condensation.

Regardless of the direction of the wind, the head of the rotary deflector rotates in one direction, increasing the draft in the smoke and ventilation duct due to vacuum. The rotating head prevents reverse thrust in the channel.

It is especially convenient that the installation of rotary type deflectors does not require power supply. They use wind energy.

Deflector device

As stated above, the ventilation deflector designed by Grigorovich is the most simple device. Let's look at the design of products using his example.

If you are interested in making and installing deflectors yourself, it is better to take this design as a basis. It's better to start simple.

The deflector design consists of the following elements:

• top cylinder;
• bottom cylinder;
• pipe (included in the lower cylinder);
• cone (cap);
• mounting brackets.

The top cylinder is optional and may be missing. In this case, the deflector includes:

• lower cylinder, put on (ventilation pipe);
• diffuser that cuts the air flow;
• cones (reverse and straight).

In this version of the deflector, the cone is also a cap that protects the pipe from precipitation.

DIY deflector

The simplest deflector - diagram

Making a ventilation deflector yourself is quite simple. You will need the following tools and materials, which are easy to buy at any hardware store:

• metal (galvanized, stainless steel);
• metal scissors;
• rivets with a riveter or just bolts and nuts;
• ruler and marker (pencil);
• thick cardboard;
• scissors or stationery knife.

You need to start with measurements and calculations - measure the height and diameter of the pipe, establish the planned dimensions of the deflector being manufactured. If this is your first time taking up similar work, you should first try to make a cardboard mockup. This material allows you to easily and quickly make a complete copy of a metal deflector, and the cost of error is low.

You should start work by making the lower cylinder. Its diameter is set in accordance with the diameter of the pipe.

Note: It is important not to make a mistake: the internal diameter of the cylinder must coincide with the external diameter of the pipe.

The next thing to make is a cone, for which a round part is cut out of metal. A slot is made along the radius of the part (from edge to center) and one edge is inserted after the other, forming a cone.

The remaining parts of the deflector are manufactured similarly.

It is better to connect the parts together using rivets or bolted connections according to the diagram. As a result, we have deflectors, the installation of which on the pipe does not take much effort.

Manufacturing rotary deflectors is much more difficult. If you have little experience in making such products, a rotating deflector is easier to buy. the main problem The problem is that rotating parts require very precise calculations and manufacturing with small tolerances. Therefore, if you decide to make a ventilation deflector with your own hands, it is better to opt for a static design.

Installing a deflector on the surface of the chimney helps to increase its draft, and also decorates and improves its presentation appearance the entire building. Exist different kinds deflectors, which differ in the technological aspects of their installation. We will talk further about the features of chimney deflectors and the rules for their installation.

Features and characteristics of the chimney draft deflector

A deflector is a device that has an aerodynamic effect, which is mounted on top of the ventilation duct, in in this case, chimney. Its main function is to improve traction in the channels. This is achieved using a physically proven law, which states that the static thrust in a given section directly depends on the speed of air flows that move in a modified transverse channel.

With the help of a deflector, draft is improved and the efficiency of ventilation and chimney systems is increased.

The operation of the deflector installed on the chimney is based on the fact that the wind, hitting an obstacle, before moving towards the chimney, is in an area where there is low pressure, which helps improve its draft.

By using scientific research the fact has been proven that installing a deflector on a chimney pipe improves its efficiency useful action, at least 15%. In addition, the deflector prevents snow, moisture, debris, etc. from contaminating the inside of the chimney.

The operation of the deflector does not depend on the weather in environment or from the wind. It is capable of improving traction in all conditions.

The deflector on the chimney allows air currents to hit it with outside, then they flow around the surface of the entire device, the air, in this case, becomes rarefied. It is thanks to this that traction is significantly improved.

The principle of operation and design of the chimney deflector

Smoke exhaust systems are present in almost every home, as they are one of the most important parts that make up any heating installation.

To provide effective work thermal structures, care should be taken to proper organization fresh air supply and smoke removal.

During naturally aspirated operation of heat generators, it is the chimney that is responsible for the stability of the output of combustion products. In order to reduce the wind impact on the chimney, deflectors are used.

Installation of this device appropriate if smoke is not properly removed from the room. There are several factors for the occurrence of this unpleasant phenomenon:

• the presence of gusty, strong wind, which enters the pipe and reduces draft; in addition, it prevents combustion products from being completely removed;
• the chimney is incorrectly positioned or its height is too low;
• incorrectly selected chimney pipe diameter.

A windproof device - a deflector, helps remove gases from the smoke channels using the wind. The deflector independently changes the wind flow in the direction it needs. Thus, with the help of the wind, it is possible to increase the draft rather than reduce it.

Installation of the deflector is possible on a channel for both individual and collective use. In addition, the scope of their use extends to:

• ventilation systems;
• gas installations;
• garbage chute trunks.

The design of the deflector for the chimney pipe consists of:

• the lower cylindrical section, for the manufacture of which pipes made of metal, asbestos or ceramics are used;
• diffuser - the upper cylinder, the diameter is larger than the lower one, three or four racks are used to fix it;
• an umbrella shaped like a cone.

On the upper section of the lower part of the cylinder and diffuser there are ring-type fenders, with the help of which the wind is deflected. The design of the deflector is to ensure uninterrupted exit of combustion products from the chimney and improve draft.

Galvanized steel is used to make the diffuser and deflector umbrella.

The principle of operation of the deflector is as follows:

• when the wind is exposed to the surface from above, gases are sucked in by the lower annular section;
• if the wind begins to act from the lower part, then the gases are removed through the upper hole;
• if the wind influence has a horizontal direction, then the traction improves through two rings at once.

The most inefficient operation of the deflector is observed when there is an upper wind influence on the chimney. At the same time, the wind is reflected with the help of an umbrella. All types of deflectors have this disadvantage. To eliminate it, in the process of making an umbrella, you should make it in the form of not one, but two conical parts, the connections of which occur with the part where the base is located. Thus, with the help of the lower cone, air and smoke flows are reflected.

Chimney deflector - varieties

In relation to design features and shape, deflectors are divided into:

• devices with a flat top;
• deflectors in which the lid opens;
• with the presence of two slopes on the surface of the pipe, that is, with a gable-type cover;
• with a semicircular pommel.

In the exterior of a house built in modern style a deflector version is used that has a flat top, which is made of a copper composition.

In addition, a version of the cap with a semicircular top is quite popular.

The deflector, which has a gable cover, provides reliable protection chimney from dust or precipitation.

Galvanized steel is used in the manufacturing process of the deflector. Although there are purchased versions of deflectors in which the metal is coated with plastic or enamel.

There are a huge number of structural deflectors:

1. Using a Tsaga deflector allows you to increase draft in the ventilation and smoke ducts. This deflector is distinguished by the presence of a cylinder; they come in round and rectangular sections. In order for the deflector to function smoothly, it is installed at a distance of 100-159 cm above the roof.

Main components of this type the deflector is the presence of:

• inlet pipe;
• diffuser;
• brackets;
• body part;
• umbrella

2. The deflector, called the “Smoke tooth”, is distinguished by individual installation features, which require its installation using a door to the smoke collector. One end of it is inserted behind the wall, and the other is raised and installed on the chimney. To facilitate installation, care should be taken to remove the futerose plates located on the rear and side walls. In addition, on this deflector there are two handles, which are called “cold hand”; it is with their help that the operation of the stove is adjusted and controlled.

3. Particularly popular is the use of the Grigorovich deflector, which does an excellent job of improving draft both on chimneys and on ventilation openings. This deflector has a simple design, so it’s quite possible to make it yourself. This deflector includes a lower cylinder, which includes two pipes, an upper cylinder, a conical part and fasteners - two brackets.

To make this type of deflector, it is better to use tin, galvanized steel or special steel intended for the construction of boilers. If it is not possible to purchase these materials, they are replaced with cheaper ones alternative options, only the service life of the deflector, in this case, is significantly reduced.

In addition to these options, chimney deflectors are spherical, star-shaped, open, and round. According to their purpose, deflectors are divided into devices:

• for standard chimneys;
• deflector for gas chimney;
• for ventilation systems;
• for garbage chutes.

Do-it-yourself deflector for a chimney pipe: manufacturing features

Each of their deflectors has individual dimensions that must meet certain parameters. For example, when calculating the height of the deflector, you should take into account the fact that it should be 1.6 parts in relation to internal size chimney, and the calculation of the width is 1.8 parts.

In addition, 1.2 is the width of the deflector. To build a deflector with your own hands you will need material in the form of:

• galvanized steel;
• copper;
• of stainless steel.

Although the purchase of these materials is expensive, it is best to give preference to them, since the deflector is most susceptible to external irritants in the form of wind, ultraviolet radiation and precipitation. Most the best option- use of copper. We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the instructions for making a deflector with your own hands:

1. Before you start building a deflector, you should take care of taking measurements from the chimney and creating a drawing of the chimney deflector.

2. First, a diagram of all the parts that make up the deflector is drawn on cardboard paper.

3. They are transferred to the metal surface and, using special scissors, are cut out according to the specified workpiece.

4. Rivets, bolts or welding will help connect the necessary parts together.

5. Brackets are formed from steel strips, which are used to fix the cap.

6. The conical part of the deflector is installed on the cap.

First, the deflector itself is assembled, which is then mounted on the chimney. Next comes the installation of the lower cylinder, which is secured with bolts. Then the diffuser is fixed on it; clamps are used for this purpose. A cap with a reverse cone is installed on the surface of the diffuser.

Design features of the weather vane deflector

There is an option for manufacturing a weather vane deflector, which is distinguished by the presence of a rotating body part. It contains deflector canopies, a bearing assembly and a weather vane itself, which is responsible for the rotation of the deflector.

The principle of operation of this device is the passage of air flows through the inter-visor space, thus diluting and accelerating the air. This has a positive effect on increasing draft in the chimney, on the rate of fuel combustion and on improving air exchange, in the presence of additional ventilation.

With the help of these deflectors, it is possible to prevent backdraft, the formation of sparks and flame failure.

For self-made the design will require fixing the deflector at the edge of the chimney using rings with a bearing assembly.

Although there are weather vane deflectors of various designs, they are characterized by rapid deterioration due to the fact that the elements responsible for rotation fail. They are negatively affected by corrosion and contamination. In addition, in autumn and spring, the metal parts of the weather vane are exposed to condensation, which, when frozen in winter time, the weather vane stops working. Therefore, their use in regions with harsh winters is impractical.

Do-it-yourself deflector manufacturing technology

• two cylinders located at the bottom and top of the device;
• pipe;
• conical part;
• two brackets.

Before constructing the deflector, it is necessary to determine the size of the deflectors, for which it is necessary to measure the diameter of the chimney pipe, the mounting location and the height of the structure.

To work you will need:

• metal sheet;
• metal scissors;
• fasteners such as bolts, nuts, rivets;
• scribers;
• thick cardboard base;
• ordinary scissors.

In order not to spoil the expensive steel, a cardboard mock-up of the deflector is first cut out and adjusted to the dimensions of the chimney. Next, using a previously prepared layout, all metal parts are cut out. To do this, cardboard blanks are applied to steel and traced using a scriber.

Metal scissors will help you cut out the elements. All parts are connected using metal rivets, bolts and nuts. Steel strips are used to make brackets.

After preparing all the necessary parts, the deflector is assembled:

• a lower one is mounted on the chimney pipe cylindrical element, for fixing which bolts are used;
• the diffuser is fixed on it;
• The brackets help secure the surface of the return cone and cap.

Tip: If the diameter of the chimney pipe is too large, a metal wire is used to reduce it, which is wound around the deflector.

Among the advantages of manufacturing this deflector design are:

• good protection of the chimney from debris and weathering;
• duration of operation;
• increasing the efficiency of the chimney.

Among the disadvantages of this deflector are:

• imperfect design;
• difficulties arise in taking measurements and manufacturing.

A modern private house, built from new materials using innovative technologies, with plastic structures installed in window and door openings, requires effective air exchange. Otherwise, it will not only be unbearable to live in, but also simply to be in. Only correctly selected and installed ventilation will help solve the problem of creating a healthy indoor microclimate. To increase traction, a ventilation deflector is used.

The deflector is an integral part of the ventilation system

The organization of air exchange in the house is carried out by a system of elements, components, mechanisms that ensure its multifunctional action: inflow, removal, ozonation, air heating and other operations. Important role the exhaust ventilation deflector plays a role in it. The aerodynamic device is equipped with a “cap”. It is located on the roof on top of the exhaust ventilation pipe in the very top point. Functions:

• Protects the ventilation duct.
• Creates uninterrupted draft for the entire ventilation system and activates its operation.

The design varies, but there are common basic elements:

• Two glasses: the outer one is slightly widened at the bottom, the inner one is flat.
• An umbrella (cap) is a protective element that prevents the entry of airborne debris, precipitation, and small insects.
• Brackets for fixing the cap.
• Pipe branch.
• Some devices have safety net, preventing debris from entering the pipe, but weakening the draft, although not significantly.

The shells of the housings are in the form of cylinders, which are put on one another. A lid is attached to the top one. The top of each cylinder is equipped with rings. This type of rebound is intended to correct the direction air flow in a ventilation deflector of various sizes. Their installation is planned so that the penetrating air flows create air suction through the leaks between the rings, thereby accelerating the removal of gases from the ventilation.

Deflector operation

A description of its operation will help you understand what a deflector is in ventilation. The functionality of the device is simple, based on the reflection of the air flow from the diffusion plane. When an air mass collides with it, the air column is crushed. A rarefaction zone appears, and traction efficiency increases. A ventilation deflector is not only a “lifesaver” in conditions of insufficient draft for air exchange. It is a mandatory element of ventilation in any case. The main property is to increase the actual efficiency of ventilation. This figure can reach about 20%. The standard numbering of deflectors (dm) from 3 to 10 contains information about the outer diameter of the ventilation shaft they are intended for. The optimal installation height is 1.5-2.0 m above the ridge of the house.

The principle of operation of the exhaust ventilation deflector is to create a zone low blood pressure to increase traction. The more intensely the air moves in a flow with a changing cross-section, the greater the pressure drop and the effect of air rarefaction. The force of the wind acting on the pipe creates a relative vacuum near the tip.

The air flow encounters an obstacle on its way in the form of the outer surface of the deflector and flows around it. Air enters the ventilation system through special slots top cylinder. A vacuum of air is created. This orients the movement of the air column upward, increasing thrust. The ventilation deflector works with optimal efficiency on ventilation lines with long horizontal spans and bends.

In its absence on the ventilation pipe, the likelihood of a decrease in the internal cross-section of the outlet increases due to fat settling and accumulating on the walls and dust and debris adhering to them.

Model differences

Detected problems with inefficient ventilation are solved by installing a deflector on the ventilation pipe. It also protects the ventilation system from the reverse draft effect. There are several dozen designs of deflectors for ventilation. While performing the same functions, devices may differ from each other:

• appearance;
• purpose;
• material.

In addition to indoor air exchange, deflectors are used in the aviation industry and mechanical engineering. The material for their manufacture is:

• ceramics;
• plastic;
• boiler steel, stainless and galvanized;
• aluminum;
• copper (rare).

There are also combined models: metal with a top coating of plastic or enamel. The simplest deflectors are quite accessible for self-production.

Attention! A deflector for ventilation is selected based on financial capabilities, design, as well as the prevailing direction of the wind rose in the area. The choice of design is considered a priority and the required connecting and overall dimensions are adjusted to it.

Differences in operating principle:

• rotating;
• motionless.

Brief characteristics of the main varieties

• Grigorovich deflector (universal) – for ventilation and smoke removal.
• The model of the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute is the most common option. It consists of an inlet hollow cylindrical part, a diffuser, a housing, fixing brackets and an “umbrella”.
• Astato is a type of open plate installation of a static-dynamic type of combined (natural and forced) design. Simple design and acceptable efficiency with economical energy consumption.
• H-shaped models: recognizable by two deflectors on one head, others.

Features of rotary and static deflectors

Rotating (rotating) models of complex design with a system of blades. Designed for organizing traction exclusively indoors. They remove vapors, odors, and gases. The driving rotational force is natural gusts of wind. The design allows the movable head to be oriented in a certain direction and not depend on the power and orientation of the blowing wind. During its rotation, a vacuum is created that does not allow reverse thrust to develop.

It is worth noting the static design with an axial ventilation unit. It works to extract air from rooms. The static deflector (DS) itself is installed on the roof and rotates in a certain sector. Mounted at the outlet of the ventilation duct. Here, under the deflector, an axial low-noise fan is located inside the sleeve low pressure.

Commissioning is carried out in automatic mode according to the signal from the pressure sensor, but at insignificant values ​​of gravitational pressure. The kit is complemented by a drainage pipe connected to an insulated glass and a 1 m long air duct. The static ventilation structure above the suspended ceiling is masked.

Important! Under normal conditions external conditions ventilation system operates in normal static mode. A decrease in temperature and wind pressure prompts the fan to work, restoring the required traction in the channels.

Static deflectors are used in the ventilation system to remove air from apartment and collective aeration ducts. On buildings of any number of storeys, newly constructed buildings and during the reconstruction of existing ones.

Deflector - a special plastic product installed on the hood or side windows car in order to protect them from the powerful air flow that forms while driving, as well as from dirt and stones flying out from under the wheels of the vehicle in front. This device is secured using special latches or double-sided tape.

Deflectors can be of two types: plug-in and adhesive. Whichever one you choose for your car, you should start by thoroughly cleaning the installation areas. First, wash the car well with soapy water and a soft sponge. After the car has dried, start degreasing the surface. An ordinary paper napkin is perfect for this. Moisten it thoroughly with a solution of high content alcohol and wipe the area where you plan to attach the deflector. To accurately determine where the windshield is attached, place it on the door frame and trace the outline with chalk or a pencil. The pencil should be wax or graphite, but its core must be soft. Otherwise there is a risk of damage paintwork car, which is extremely undesirable. Some people think that protective deflectors should be mounted at the very top of the door, while others believe that the ideal place to install them is just above the glass. Experts recommend mounting them in the center of a metal frame running above the glass. When in this position, the deflector will create optimal air flow, which will ensure proper air circulation. It will protect the car parts from damage and contamination. The next step is removal protective film from tape glued to the inside of the deflector. When the film is completely removed, you can apply a little glue on it, for example, “Momenta”. This will strengthen the fastening plastic product to the metal and will not allow it to fall off in the wash or during heavy rain. The final stage of attaching the adhesive windshield is direct installation. Based on the marks made earlier, place it on the car door and press firmly over the entire area. Hold it in this position for several minutes, then proceed to install the three remaining parts. After completing the work, it is advisable not to use the car for 12 hours, during which time the glue will completely dry and the deflector will be securely fastened. A plug-in deflector, unlike an adhesive one, is mounted in a groove located in the upper part of the door. Squeeze it a little at the center and insert it into Right place. When you open your fingers, the latches will also open, which will securely hold the protective product throughout its entire service life. Sometimes the bevel angle of the deflector may not correspond to the window opening of your car; in such cases, you can correct it yourself. Just don't bend it too much - the thin plastic may not withstand the load and break. The deflector is attached to the hood using special clamps. Slightly loosen the screws located at the front of the windshield. After this, open the hood of the car and place the deflector on the front of it. Do this so that the end of the hood is inside the retaining clips. Adjust the position of the plastic protection - it should not interfere with the free opening and closing of the hood. Using a screwdriver, tighten the screws tightly and close the cover - installation is complete!

Now you know how to install a deflector on your car, and you can do it without any problems, saving not only the time that would have to be spent on a trip to a car service center, but also some money.

home effective force, which underlies the operation of the chimney and exhaust ventilation - draft. This is a physical phenomenon based on the difference in pressure at the top and bottom of the pipe. With the correct calculation of its length and diameter, the system will always have good draft, which removes the combustion products of solid fuel to the outside, and also ensures the supply of fresh air.

But in practice, the chimney/ventilation does not always work efficiently enough. To increase performance and enhance traction, additional devices are used, including deflectors.

This is a metal cap made of galvanized or stainless steel that fits onto the top of the chimney or roof vent unit.

The deflector's operation is based on Bernoulli's physical law, according to which, when the lumen of the exhaust pipe narrows, the air flow speed increases. As the flow rate increases, the exhaust gases become rarefied, creating a low-pressure area that produces draft. According to calculations, installing a deflector on a chimney increases efficiency heating system by 20-25%.

The deflector consists of several elements - a metal pipe that is installed on the chimney, a diffuser, an outer ring and a protective element (umbrella).

Important! The design of the deflector is quite simple, and if necessary, you can make it yourself. This requires a sheet of galvanized or stainless steel and fasteners to connect the components together. But you can also buy ready-made designs in accordance with the diameter and location of the chimney.

Why do you need a deflector?

The main purpose of the deflector is to strengthen and stabilize draft in a chimney or exhaust ventilation unit.

Due to the rarefaction of the air inside the device, there is always a fairly strong draft, which removes smoke, ash, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and others. by-products fuel combustion.

In addition to creating draft, the deflector prevents the backflow of exhaust gases down the chimney into the room. Sometimes the wind on the roof is so strong that the natural draft of the chimney cannot overcome the wind resistance, causing the exhaust to be retained in the chimney or enter the room.