Road skating rink - types and purpose. Self-propelled rollers with smooth drums (static and vibratory) Types of road rollers

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Asphalt paving machines

Purpose and classification of rollers

The rollers are designed for compaction of bases and coatings made of asphalt concrete mixtures, as well as for layer-by-layer compaction of soils, gravel-crushed stone and stabilized materials during the construction of dams, dams, airfields and roads.

The working bodies of these machines are metal rollers or pneumatic wheels.

The working bodies of the rollers are divided into leading and driven. Torque from the engine is transmitted to the leading working bodies internal combustion. The driven working bodies of self-propelled rollers are guides and serve to turn the machine.

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Rollers are classified according to the principle of operation, the type of working body, the method of movement, the number of axles and the number of rollers (GOST 21994-76).
According to the principle of operation, rollers are divided into static and vibration.

On static rollers, the coating is compacted due to the action of gravity when the working body is rolled over the material. On vibratory rollers, in addition to static loading, a dynamic load is transferred to the compacted material due to the oscillatory movements of one roller. To create vibration, an unbalance vibration exciter is built into one of the rollers, driven by the roller transmission.

According to the type of working body, rollers with smooth rollers and pneumatic wheels are distinguished.

According to the method of movement, rollers are divided into semi-trailer and self-propelled. In a semi-trailed roller, part of its mass is transferred to the tractor through hitch. With semi-trailed rollers, pneumatic wheeled tractors or tractors are used.

According to the number of axles, rollers are divided into single-axle, two-axle and three-axle.

According to the number of rollers, single-roller, two-roller and three-roller rollers are distinguished.

The main parameter of the rollers is the mass. By weight and design, self-propelled road rollers with smooth rollers are manufactured in the following types and designs:
type 1 - light vibration weighing 0.6; 1.5 and 4 t single-axle single-drum (1/1) and two-axle double-drum (2/2);
type 2 - medium vibration and static weighing 6 tons, two-axle two-roller (2/2) and two-axle three-roller (2/3);
type 3 - heavy static weighing 10 and 15 tons, two-axle two-roller (2/2); two-axle three-roller (2/3) and three-axle three-roller (3/3).
Pneumatic semi-trailed rollers are divided into the following types (GOST 16481-70): light (15 tons), medium (30 tons) and heavy (45 tons).
Pneumatic self-propelled rollers are divided into medium (16 tons) and heavy (30 tons).

Many construction and road views works require special training ground or bulk base. When covering roads and various sites with asphalt, compaction of the underlying and upper layers is also required. To perform compaction and rolling operations of large areas, special construction machines- self-propelled road rollers.

Judging by the name, these machines should be used exclusively on road works. But the scope of their use is much wider - they work in quarries, arrangement of forest park areas, equipment of sports facilities, construction railways and dams. The conditions of their operation are very diverse, therefore, created different kinds rollers for soil compaction. According to the design of the working and running gear, they are divided into:

1. single drum
2. two-roller
3. three-roller
4. self-propelled
5. manual
6. trailed (towed)

Their weight is in the range from 150 kg (manual single-drum) to 30-35 tons (double-drum self-propelled). Such a spread of masses is determined by the tasks that are set for the machines - some compact footpaths or sports courtyards, others - multi-lane highways or dams of hydraulic structures.

Single drum road rollers

Among manual and self-propelled rollers of small and medium weight most widespread received single-drum vibratory rollers. They are maneuverable, energy-rich and very effective when working on small areas. Their performance is quite high due to the use of removable drums with smooth or embossed working surfaces and vibrocompaction systems with the ability to adjust operating modes.

Most single-drum machines are built according to the classical design scheme - motor part pneumatically located at the rear of the machine in combination with the control cabin and hydraulic pumps. The front part, which is a frame with a cylindrical massive drum - a roller, is pivotally connected to the motor part.

The drive is carried out both on the wheels and on the drum of the working body, so road self-propelled rollers do not slip even on wet surfaces and their working drums do not slip. The control system rotates the rear and front parts with the help of hydraulic cylinders, which makes it possible to effectively maneuver and process road sections with a large number of turns of the allowable curvature radius.

For sealing pavement and preparing it before the passage of heavy two or three-roller rollers, which finish the surface, an 8t road roller is used. These are one of the lightest self-propelled rollers, which, nevertheless, have a fairly powerful compaction load. They are much more manoeuvrable and economical than twin drum vibratory rollers and do not require pre-training in front of the passage.

They work immediately after the paver and prepare the surface for subsequent compaction. When operating on soils in the vibration compaction mode, self-propelled vibratory rollers with smooth rollers weighing 6-8 tons can independently compact a layer of soil or bulk coating up to 40 cm thick.

Cam rollers for soil compaction are used in cases of heterogeneity of the underlying layer, the presence of inclusions of stones, large fractions of crushed stone, limestone, sandstone and other materials in it, which are crushed by spikes on the surface of the drum and compacted into the base.
After processing the base with cam drums, smooth rollers are invariably used to level the surface and achieve a uniform density throughout the volume.

Single drum road rollers are driven by mechanical or hydraulic transmission, designed for a speed of movement of not more than 13-15 km / h in transport mode and up to 8 km/h in operation. For these machines, work efficiency is determined not by speed, but by the ability to impact the ground with maximum force. The transmission allows you to change direction very quickly and provides a smooth ride. Jerks and accelerations are unacceptable here in order to avoid shifts of the upper soil layers relative to the lower ones, which leads to a heterogeneity in the structure of the compacted zone.

Double drum road rollers

Self-propelled road rollers with two working rollers are machines with a tandem arrangement of drums that simultaneously serve as propellers. As a rule, the drive is carried out on both rollers using mechanical transmission or hydrostatic drive. Some models operate according to the scheme of static impact on the ground due to the large dead weight. But self-propelled smooth road rollers of 13 tons are, as a rule, vibration-type machines.

When not so big total mass they very intensively compact soil layers and asphalt pavement through the use of vibration systems, which can be adjusted both in amplitude and in frequency of vibrations. Vibration is carried out by rotating an internal eccentric shaft with a mechanical or hydraulic drive.

A self-propelled road roller is a fairly comfortable machine for the operator. The cabins of modern ice rinks are equipped with air conditioning, have excellent sound insulation and a special suspension that protects the operator from vibration. panoramic view, powerful lighting allow you to work at any time of the day, and the safety of the driver is guaranteed special systems rollover protection.

Soil self-propelled road roller is equipped with diesel engine medium power. Despite the large mass of the machine, 100 hp. enough for effective work. A special transmission device converts all the power into a confident movement of the machine on low speed and vibration of the rollers. Coefficient useful action of these machines is extremely high.

Road rollers - separate view special equipment, which is actively used during the construction or repair of roads. Designed for compaction of certain layers of the road surface. Road rollers are also used to compact the base under paving slabs or concrete screed. Modern road rollers have the most varied form and operating principle. All of them can be classified according to certain criteria.

Classification by type of movement

According to the principle of movement can be divided into two types:

1. Trailed - move using another self-propelled mechanism. Most often, a trailed roller is a metal frame with one or two rollers. In most cases, they move with the help of tractors.
2. Self-propelled - are full-fledged machines. These rollers are moved by own engine, have increased maneuverability compared to trailed.

Due to the fact that self-propelled road rollers are more convenient to operate, trailed rollers are practically no longer produced and you can meet them less and less.

By size and weight, rollers can be divided into the following types:

1. Lightweight - the weight of which does not exceed 6 tons. Such rollers are capable of distributing a load of no more than 40 kN / m. They are equipped with motors up to 20 kW. Similar rollers are used for sidewalks and platforms that will not be subject to heavy loads. In addition, it can be used for preliminary compaction of any road objects.
2. Medium - which are equipped with engines with a power of 20 to 30 kW. The weight is in the range of 6 to 10 tons. Distributed load - from 40 to 60 kN / m. Used to compact most types of roads.
3. Heavy - heavy duty, the weight of which exceeds 10 tons. Equipped with engines that have a power of more than 30 kW. Heavy rollers are capable of distributing loads over 60 kN/m. With the help of them, layers of crushed stone or gravel are compacted, and asphalt or asphalt concrete pavement is also compacted.

Classification by type of working body

Rollers are the working body of all road rollers.

All these rollers can be divided into the following types:

1. Smooth - metal cylinders which have a smooth surface. Rollers with smooth rollers are used to compact the asphalt and asphalt concrete layer.
2. Cam - cylindrical rollers, which, unlike smooth ones, have certain protrusions. These protrusions are called cams. From this came the name of the rollers themselves. Padfoot rollers are often referred to as soil rollers. Used for soil compaction.
3. Lattice - specific rollers, which have a kind of metal lattice over a smooth surface. Rollers with such rollers are also designed for rolling various types of soil.
4. Pneumatic - rollers, which consist of several pneumatic wheels. Such rollers are used for compaction of asphalt and asphalt concrete road surface.
5. Segmented - ordinary smooth rollers, which have special segments on the rim.
6. Compactor - rollers, which appearance very similar to cams. Compactor rollers have a smaller width. The number of cams on compactor rollers is much less than on cam rollers.
7. Special - rollers that are combined view several rollers. Such rollers are made exclusively to order to perform certain jobs using new or experimental technology.

According to the number of rollers, rollers can be divided into:

1. Single-drum - equipped with only a drum on one side only. The other side of the rink is supported by wheels.
2. Two-roller - have two rollers at once, front and rear. Both rollers can be leading, or only one roller can be leading.
3. Three-rollers - have three rollers at once.

Classification by compaction method

According to the type of seal, can be divided into two types:

1. Static - carry out compaction due to own weight. The more weight, the better they can compact a certain layer of the roadway.
2. Vibratory rollers are the most modern road rollers that compact not only due to their weight, but also due to small vertical vibrational movements of the rollers. They are able to compact any material better with fewer penetrations. Used in road construction high class. You can not do without vibratory rollers and during the construction of airfields, ports and other facilities with increased load.

Which rink to choose?

As you can see, the variety of road rollers is so great that not every road builder will be able to choose the right roller for certain purposes. Our company has all the main types of road rollers available for rent. If you are unsure about your choice, please call us. Our highly qualified specialists will select the one who can perform all the tasks.

It is not always necessary to rent the largest and most powerful ice rink. In most cases, in order to build small road or asphalt the local area, a light or medium skating rink will suffice. Call us and we will not only select the optimal road roller for your purposes, but also provide the rented equipment with highly qualified drivers. In addition, we always have other construction and road machinery which in a complex is capable to carry out all assigned works in the shortest possible time.

Skating rink - special equipment (self-propelled or trailed), used in the process of solving a variety of tasks for compacting and compacting the upper layers of the road surface (soil, asphalt, bulk rocks, including coarse rock).


The modern machine-building market offers several types of these machines, depending on the type of the key element - the roller, which performs the main compaction function:

• Smooth rollers compact the upper layers of the soil, creating required pressure with its weight.
• Cam rollers are used to compact cohesive loose soil, it is possible to perform work on inclined and flooded sites. The depth of compaction of cohesive soils can reach 80 cm. Since the surface remains somewhat loosened after processing the area with cam rollers, it makes sense to use them in combination with smooth-roller rollers or rollers on pneumatic wheels.
• Latticed, in addition to the main function of compaction, have the accompanying ability to crush large fragments of soil with a grate, which works to improve the final result.
• Pneumatic rollers are used for rolling not only soil, but also bulk gravel, crushed stone, black mixtures and asphalt. The main advantage over other rollers lies in the absence of the crushing effect, which is a significant plus when working with gravel and crushed stone coatings. The thickness of the optimal compaction layer depends on the mass of the roller, which varies in the range of 20-50 tons (but there are also heavier equipment, for example, in airfield construction 200 tons), and corresponds to 25-40 cm.

In addition, there are combined rollers in which several of the above types of rollers simultaneously participate. Usually this is the front one - smooth, and the rear - pneumatic tire roller.

The maximum number of rollers installed on one roller is three, and two narrow ones are hung on one axle. In the case of a single drum roller, the drum is mounted on the front axle, most often such rollers are trailed devices and perform soil compaction, being attached, for example, to a tractor.

Accordingly, there is a division into classes according to the principle of movement: self-propelled and non-self-propelled rollers.

Vibratory rollers

Equipment of rollers with pneumatic vibration systems, which create a controlled vertical vibration of one of the rollers, significantly increases the degree of compaction of the soil surface, which makes it possible to compact asphalt in one pass, while the rest of the rollers will have to roll one section several times to achieve the same quality. This type rollers received common name vibration.

On Russian market road construction equipment presents rollers of all types, both from domestic and from foreign manufacturers. The most popular Western companies in our market are: German companies BOMAG and HAMM, Swiss AMMANN, Swedish DYNAPAC, Japanese CATERPILLAR, Chinese LIUGONG, American TEREX, British JCB. And also: XGMA, Amkodor, Vogele.