State Standard 17479.1 85 motor oils. Classification of motor oils according to GOST

GOST 17479.3-85

Group B00

INTERSTATE STANDARD

HYDRAULIC OILS

Classification and designation

hydraulic oils. classification and design

MKS 75.100
OKSTU 0209

Introduction date 1987-01-01

INFORMATION DATA

1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the Ministry of Oil Refining and Petrochemical Industry of the USSR

2. APPROVED AND INTRODUCED BY Decree of the State Committee of the USSR for Standards dated December 20, 1985 N 4380

3. The standard fully complies with ISO 3448-75* and ISO 6743-4-82* in terms of oil group designations
________________
* Access to international and foreign documents can be obtained by clicking on the link , here and further in the text. - Database manufacturer's note.

4. INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

5. REFERENCE REGULATIONS AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

	Item number, applications
	Annex 1
	Annex 1
OST 38.01150-78*
OST 38.01281-82**
TU 38.1011232-89***
TU 38.101328-81***
TU 38.101258-89***
TU 38.10150-70***
TU 38.101479-86***
TU 38.101572-75***
TU 38.101179-71***
TU 38.001347-83***
TU 38.1011135-87***

________________
* The validity period of the document mentioned here and hereinafter expired on 03/15/1993.
** The document referred to hereinafter is not reproduced. Behind additional information refer to the link.
*** Specifications mentioned hereinafter are the author's development. See the link for more information. - Database manufacturer's notes.

6. The limitation of the validity period was removed by the Decree of the State Standard of the USSR dated 12/11/91 N 1931

6.* EDITION with Amendment No. 1 approved in December 1991 (IUS 3-92)
___________________
* The numbering corresponds to the original. - Database manufacturer's note.

1. This standard specifies the classification and designation hydraulic oils used in hydrostatic systems aircraft, mobile ground, ship equipment and other mechanisms operated in the open air.

This standard does not apply to hydraulic oils used in industrial equipment.

2. The designation of hydraulic oils consists of groups of characters, the first of which is denoted by the letters MG (mineral hydraulic); the second group of signs is indicated by numbers and characterizes the kinematic viscosity class; the third - is indicated by letters and indicates that the oil belongs to a group according to operational properties.

3. Depending on the kinematic viscosity at a temperature of 40 ° C, hydraulic oils are divided into classes indicated in Table 1.

Table 1

Viscosity class	Kinematic viscosity at 40 °С, mm/s (cSt)

4. Depending on the performance properties and composition (the presence of appropriate functional additives), hydraulic oils are divided into groups A, B, C, indicated in Table 2.

table 2

Oil group according to performance properties	Composition of hydraulic oils
	Mineral oils without additives	Hydraulic systems with gear piston pumps operating at pressure up to 15 MPa and oil temperature in volume up to 80 °С
	Mineral oils with antioxidant and anti-corrosion additives	Hydraulic systems with pumps of all types, operating at a pressure of up to 25 MPa and an oil temperature of more than 80 ° C
	Mineral oils with antioxidants, anti-corrosion and anti-wear additives	Hydraulic systems with pumps of all types, operating at pressures above 25 MPa and oil temperatures above 90 °C

It is allowed to add thickening and antifoam additives to hydraulic oils of all groups.

An example of the designation of hydraulic oils

where MG - mineral hydraulic oil;

15 - viscosity class;

B - oil group according to performance properties.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

4.1. The group of hydraulic oils is established based on the results of evaluating their properties (oxidation stability according to GOST 981 - for oils of groups B and C, lubricating properties according to GOST 9490 - for oils of group C) when developing new oils, putting them into production, as well as during periodic testing of commercial oils (according to schedules agreed with the consumer) 1 time in 2 years. The norms for these indicators are indicated in the regulatory and technical documentation for oils.

(Introduced additionally, Rev. N 1).

5. Correspondence of the designations of hydraulic oils according to this standard to those previously adopted in the normative and technical documentation and international classifications is given in appendices 1 and 2.

APPENDIX 1 (informative). Compliance of hydraulic oils according to this standard with those adopted in the normative and technical documentation

ANNEX 1
Reference

Compliance of hydraulic oils according to this standard with those adopted in the normative and technical documentation

Oil designation according to this standard	Accepted oil designation	Normative and technical documentation
MG-15-V(s)
	MGE-46V(MG-30u)
	MG-8A (M-8A)

_____________________

* MOVS - oil for tipping mechanisms of dump trucks.

Appendix 1. (Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

APPENDIX 2 (informative). COMPLIANCE OF HYDRAULIC OIL GROUPS WITH THIS ISO 6074/4-82 CLASSIFICATION STANDARD

APPENDIX 2
Reference

Compliance with hydraulic oil groups according to this ISO 6074-4-82 classification standard

Group according to this standard	ISO 6074-4-82 group
Group B oils with thickener

Electronic text of the document

prepared by Kodeks JSC and verified against:
official publication
Lubricants, industrial
oils and related products.
Specifications: Sat. GOSTs. -
M.: Standartinform, 2006

1. Viscosity classes engine oils.

Class viscosity	Kinematic viscosity, mm 2 / s, at temperature
	100°C	18° С, no more
	St. 5.6 to 7.0 incl.
	"7.0 to 9.3"
	"9.3 to 11.5"
	"115, to 12.5"
	"12.5 to 14.5"
	"14.5 to 16.3"
	"16.3 to 21.9"
	"21.9 to 26.1"
	"7.0 to 9.3"
	"5.6 to 7.0"
	"7.0 to 9.3"
	"9.3 to 11.5"
	"9.3 to 11.5"
	"11.5 to 12.5"
	"12.5 to 14.5"
	"9.3 to 11.5"
	"12.5 to 14.5"
	"14.5 to 16.3"

2. Groups of motor oils by purpose and performance properties.

Oil group by operational properties
		Unforced gasoline engines and diesels
		Lightly boosted gasoline engines operating in conditions that promote high temperature deposits and bearing corrosion
		Low boosted diesels
		Medium-boosted gasoline engines operating in conditions that promote oil oxidation and the formation of deposits of all kinds
		Medium-forced diesel engines with increased requirements for anti-corrosion, anti-wear properties of oils and the ability to prevent the formation of high-temperature deposits
		Highly accelerated gasoline engines operating under severe operating conditions that contribute to oil oxidation, the formation of deposits of all kinds and corrosion
		Highly boosted naturally aspirated or moderately aspirated diesel engines operating under operating conditions conducive to the formation of high temperature deposits
		Highly accelerated gasoline engines operating under operating conditions that are more severe than for G1 group oils
		Highly accelerated supercharged diesel engines operating in severe operating conditions or when the application requires the use of oils with high neutralizing ability, anti-corrosion and anti-wear properties, low tendency to form all types of deposits
		Highly accelerated gasoline engines and diesel engines operating under operating conditions more severe than for oils of groups D1 and D2. Differ in the increased dispersing ability, the best antiwear properties.

3. Compliance with designations of brands of motor oils.

	Previously accepted designation	Designation according to GOST 17479.1-85	Previously accepted designation
	M-4z/6V (ASZp-6)
	(DV-ASZp-10V)
		M-10-D2(cl20)
		M-6z/14-D2(m)
		M-14-D2(cl20)
		M-14-D2(cl30)

4. Compliance with viscosity grades and groups of motor oils in accordance with GOST 17479.1-85 and SAE classifications and API

Viscosity class		Viscosity class
according to GOST 17479.1-85		according to GOST 17479.1-85
Oil group		Oil group
according to GOST 17479.1-85		according to GOST 17479.1-85
* - these API classes have no analogues in the domestic classification

The API classification divides engine oils into two categories:
- "S" (Service) - oils for gasoline engines;
- "C" (Commercial) - oils for diesel engines.

Introduction date 01.01.87

1. This standard establishes the classification and designation of motor oils used in cars, tractors, diesel locomotives, agricultural, road, marine and other equipment.

(Revised edition, Rev. No. 2).

2. The designation of motor oils consists of groups of characters, the first of which is denoted by the letter M (motor) and does not depend on the composition and properties of the oil; the second - with numbers characterizing the class of kinematic viscosity; the third - in capital letters and indicates belonging to a group of oils according to performance properties.

3. Depending on the kinematic viscosity, motor oils are divided into classes (Table 1). For all-season classes (designated as a fraction) indicate belonging to one of the winter (numerator of the fraction) and one of the summer (denominator of the fraction) classes.

When classifying motor oils in accordance with international requirements, use the table.

Table 1

Viscosity class	Kinematic viscosity, mm 2 / s (cSt), at temperature
	100 °С	18 °С, no more*
	Not less than 3.8	1250
	»»4.1	2600
	»»5.6	6000
	»»5.6	10400
	St. 5.6 to 7.0 incl.
	"7.0"9.3"
	"9.3"11.5"
	»11.5 »12.5 »
	»12.5 »14.5 »
	»14.5 »16.3 »
	»16.3 »21.9 »
	»21.9 »26.1 »
3 3 /8	»7.0»9.3 »	1250
4 3 /6	»5.6»7.0»	2600
4 3 /8	»7.0»9.3 »	2600
4 3 /10	»9.3»11.5»	2600
5 3 /10	»9.3»11.5»	6000
5 3 /12	»11.5 »12.5 »	6000
5 3 /14	»12.5 »14.5 »	6000
6 3 /10	»9.3»11.5»	10400
6 3 /14	»12.5 »14.5 »	10400
6 3 /16	»14.5 »16.3 »	10400

* Determined by nomogram before the introduction of the standard for the definition dynamic viscosity at temperatures below 0 °C.

(Revised edition, Rev. No. 3).

4. Depending on the field of application, motor oils are divided into groups A, B, C, D, D, E (Table 2).

table 2

Oil group according to performance properties
		Unforced gasoline engines and diesel engines
	B 1	Lightly boosted gasoline engines operating in conditions that promote the formation of high temperature deposits and bearing corrosion
	B 2	Low boosted diesels
	IN 1	Medium-boosted gasoline engines operating in conditions conducive to oil oxidation and the formation of all types of deposits
	at 2	Medium-boosted diesel engines with increased requirements for anti-corrosion, anti-wear properties of oils and a tendency to form high-temperature deposits
	g 1	Highly accelerated gasoline engines operating under severe operating conditions that contribute to oil oxidation, the formation of all types of deposits, corrosion and rust
	g 2	Highly boosted naturally aspirated or moderately aspirated diesel engines operating under operating conditions conducive to the formation of high temperature deposits
	D 1	Highly accelerated gasoline engines operating under operating conditions that are more severe than for oils of group G 1
	D 2	Highly accelerated supercharged diesel engines operating in severe operating conditions or when the fuel used requires the use of oils with high neutralizing ability, anti-corrosion and anti-wear properties, low tendency to form all types of deposits
	E 1	Highly accelerated petrol and diesel engines operating under operating conditions more severe than for oils of groups D 1 and D 2. They are distinguished by increased dispersing ability, better anti-wear properties
	E 2

Index 1 is assigned to oils for gasoline engines, index 2 - for diesel engines. Universal engine oils intended for use both in diesel engines and in gasoline engines of the same forcing level (denoted by the same letter, Table 2) do not have an index in the designation. Universal motor oils belonging to different groups must have a double designation, in which the first characterizes the quality of the oil when used in diesel engines, the second - in gasoline engines.

Examples of designation of motor oils:

M-8-B 1,

where M is engine oil, 8 is the viscosity grade (),

B 1 - oil for medium-powered gasoline engines;

M-6 3 /10-B,

where M - engine oil, 6 3 / 10 - viscosity grade (),

B - universal oil for medium-powered diesel and gasoline engines;

M-4 3 / 8-V 2 G 1,

B 2 G 1 - oil for use both in medium-powered diesel engines (B 2) and in high-powered gasoline engines (G 1);

M-14-D(tsl20),

where M is engine oil, 14 is the viscosity grade (),

D - oil for highly accelerated supercharged diesel engines, cl 20 - the oil can be used in circulating and lubricating lubrication systems and has an alkalinity of about 20 mg KOH / g;

M-4 3 / 8-D (t),

where M - engine oil, 4 3 / 8 - viscosity grade (),

D - oil for highly accelerated supercharged diesel engines,

t - gear oil.

(Revised edition, Rev. No. 2, 3).

4.1. A group of motor oils is established when developing new oils, putting them into production and certifying commercial oils based on the results motor tests provided in Table. 3.

Table 3

Property being defined	Oil group							Test method
		in 1	at 2		g 1	g 2	D 2
1. Deposit formation:
at high temperatures Oh								According to GOST 20991
at low temperatures								According to GOST 20994
2. Antioxidant properties								According to GOST 20457 or the IKM-40R method (thickened oils) or according to the Pitter W-1 method
3. Corrosivity								IKM-40K method or Pitter W-1 method
								or according to the D-245K method
4. Detergent properties								According to GOST 20303
								method D-240
								method D-245

Notes:

1. Testing for this indicator is marked with a “+” sign.

2. Motor properties for oils of groups D, D 1, E, E 1 E 2 are not standardized until the completion of work to establish them performance characteristics(after which the above oil groups will be included in the table).

(Revised edition, Rev. No. 3).

5. Compliance of the designations of motor oils according to this standard with those adopted in the regulatory and technical documentation and foreign classifications given in appendices 1-.

ANNEX 1
Reference

Compliance of the designations of motor oils according to this standard with those adopted in the regulatory and technical documentation

Oil designation according to this standard	Accepted oil designation	Normative and technical documentation
M-8-V	M-8V	GOST 10541
M-4 3 /6-B 1	M-4 3 /6V 1	GOST 10541
M-6 3 /10-B	M-6/10V	GOST 10541
M-5 3/10-G,	M-5 3 /10G 1	GOST 10541
M-6 3/12-G,	M-6 3 /12G 1	GOST 10541
M-20-A	MS-20P	TU 38.101265
M-16-B 2 (t)	MT-16P	GOST 6360
M-8-A(t)	Mt-8P	TU 38.101277
M-6 3 /10-B 2	MTZ-10P(M-6 3 /10B 2)	GOST 25770
M-14-B 2	M-14B	TU 38.101264
M-10-V 2	M-10V 2	GOST 8581
M-8-B 2	M-8V 2 S	TU 38.401595
M-10-V 2 (s)	M-10V 2 S	GOST 12337
M-14-V 2	M-14V 2	GOST 12337
M-14-V 2 (h)	M-14V 2 3	GOST 23497
M-16-V 2	M-16IHP-3(M-16V 2)	GOST 25770
M-20-V 2	M-20V 2	GOST 23497
M-20-V 2 (f)	M-20V 2 F	GOST 12337
M-10-G 2 (cs)	M-10G 2 TsS	GOST 12337
M-8-G 2	M-8G 2	GOST 8581
M-10-G 2	M-10G 2	GOST 8581
M-8-G 2 (k)	M-8G 2 k	GOST 8581
M-10-G 2 (k)	M-10G 2 k	GOST 8581
M-10-G 2 (y)	M-10G 2 U	TU 38.401-58-21
M-8-G 2 (ki)	M-8G 2 KI	TU 38.1011278
M-10-G 2 (ki)	M-10G 2 KI	TU 38.1011278
M-14-G 2 (cs)	M-14G 2 TsS	GOST 12337
M-14-G 2	M-14G 2	GOST 12337
M-16-G 2 (cs)	M-16G 2 TsS	GOST 12337
M-20-G 2	M-20G,	GOST 12337
M-10-D 2 (m)	m-10dm	GOST 8581
M-8-D 2 (m)	M-8DM	GOST 8581
M-14-D 2 (m)	M-MDM	TU 38.401682
M-10-D 2 (tsl20)	M-10DCL-20	GOST 12337
M-14-D 2 (tsl20)	M-14DCL-20	GOST 12337
M-14-D 2 (cl30)	M-14DCL-30	GOST 12337
M-16-D 2 (r)	M-16DR	GOST 12337
M-4/8G(rk)	M-4 3 / 8GRK	TU 38.401699
M-8-G 2 (U)	M-8G 2 U	TU 38.401-58-21
M-6/14-D 2 (m)	M-6/14DM	TU 38.401-938
M-14-G 2 (k)	M-14G 2 K	TU 38.401-58-98

APPENDIX 2
Reference

Approximate compliance with the viscosity grades of motor oils of this classification standard SAE J 300 JUN 87

Viscosity class		Viscosity class
		3 3 /8	5W-20
		4 3 /6	10W-20
		4 3 /8	10W-20
		4 3 /10	10W-30
		5 3 /10	15W-30
		5 3 /12	15W-30
		5 3 /14	15W-40
		6 3 /10	20W-30
		6 3 /14	20W-40
		6 3 /16	20W-40

APPENDICES 1, 2. (Revised edition, Rev. No. 2, 3).

APPENDIX 3
Reference

SAE viscosity grades	Viscosity (see note 1), mPa s, at temperature, °C, max.	Pumpability temperature (see note 2), °С, max.	Viscosity (see notes 3 and 4), mm 2 / s, at 100 ° C
	3250 at -30		Not less than 3.8
	3500 » -25		»»3.8
	3500 » -20		»»4.1
	3500" - 15		»»5.6
	4500" - 10		»»5.6
	6000" - 5		»»9.3
			St. 5.6 to 9.3 incl.
			"9.3"12.5"
			»12.5 »16.3»
			»16.3 »21.9»
			»21.9 »26.1»

Notes:

1. Dynamic viscosity is determined according to the ASTM D 2602 method “Method for determining the apparent viscosity of motor oils in the range from minus 40 ° C to 0 ° C on a cold start simulator (CCS).

2. To determine the maximum pumping temperature of motor SAE oils 0W, 20W, 25W use ASTM D 3829 or CEC L-32-T-82 method.

The ASTM D 4684 method is used to determine the pumpability limit for SAE 5W, 10W, and 15W engine oils.

3. Kinematic viscosity is determined in a capillary viscometer according to the ASTM D 445 method.

4. Some engine manufacturers also recommend viscosity limits measured at 150°C and 10 6 s -1 shear rate.

APPENDIX 4. (Introduced additionally, Rev. No. 3).

INFORMATION DATA

1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the Ministry of Oil Refining and Petrochemical Industry of the USSR

2. APPROVED AND INTRODUCED BY Decree of the USSR State Committee for Standards No. 4380 dated December 20, 1985

Amendment No. 3 was adopted by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (Minutes No. 15 dated 05/28/99)

State name	Name of the national standardization body
The Republic of Azerbaijan	Azgosstandart
Republic of Belarus	State Standard of Belarus
The Republic of Kazakhstan	State Standard of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Kyrgyz Republic	Kyrgyzstandart
The Republic of Moldova	Moldovastandard
Russian Federation	Gosstandart of Russia
The Republic of Tajikistan	Tajik State Standard
Turkmenistan	Main State Inspectorate of Turkmenistan
The Republic of Uzbekistan	Uzgosstandart
Ukraine	State Standard of Ukraine

3. REPLACE GOST 17479-72

4. REFERENCE REGULATIONS AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

	Item number, applications
GOST 6360-83	Annex 1
GOST 8581-78	Same
GOST 10541-78
GOST 12337-84
GOST 20303-74
GOST 20457-75
GOST 20991-75
GOST 20994-75
GOST 23497-79	Annex 1
GOST 25770-83	Same
TU 38.101264-72
TU 38.101265-88
TU 38.101277-85
TU 38.1011278-89
TU 38.401-58-21-91
TU 38.401-58-98-94
TU 38.401595-86
TU 38.401682-88
TU 38.401699-88
TU 38.401-938-92

5. The limitation of the validity period was removed by the Decree of the State Standard of the USSR dated 11.12.91 No. 1931

6. EDITION with Amendments No. 1, 2, 3, approved in December 1987, December 1991, August 1999 (IUS 3-88, 3-92, 11-99)

The classification of motor oils according to GOST 17479.1-85 subdivides them into viscosity classes and groups according to purpose and performance levels. Below is a description of the domestic classification of motor oils, taking into account Amendment No. 3 to GOST 17479.1-85, which increased the number of viscosity classes and changed their boundaries, introduced new groups by purpose and levels of performance properties, as well as some names. For example, throughout the text of the oil standard for carburetor engines called a more accurate term - oils for gasoline engines.

GOST 17479.1-85 provides for the designation of motor oils, which informs the consumer of basic information about their properties and scope. The standard brand includes the following characters: the letter M (motor), a number or fraction indicating the viscosity class or classes (the latter for multigrade oils), one or two of the first six letters of the alphabet, indicating the level of performance and scope this oil. Universal oils denoted by a letter without an index or by two different letters with different indexes. Index 1 is assigned to oils for gasoline engines, index 2 - to diesel oils.

Viscosity classes of motor oils established by GOST 17479.1-85 are presented in Table 1, and groups according to purpose and performance properties - in Table 2. Examples of marking with an explanation of its meaning constituent parts facilitate the use of data tables. Thus, the M-6Z / 10V brand indicates that this is an all-weather motor oil, universal for medium-powered diesel engines and gasoline engines (group B); M-4z / 8-V2G1 - all-season motor oil, universal for medium-powered diesel engines (group B2) and high-powered gasoline engines (group G1); M-14G2(tss) - engine oil of viscosity class 14, designed for highly accelerated naturally aspirated or moderately aspirated diesel engines.

Viscosity classes of motor oils (GOST 17479.1-85)

Viscosity class	Kinematic viscosity, mm²/s, at temperature
	18°C, no more
	From 5.6 to 7.0 incl.

IN this case after the main designation, in brackets, an additional characteristic of the field of application is indicated ("tss" means circulation ship); similar to M-14D (tsl20) - engine oil for highly accelerated supercharged diesel engines operating under severe operating conditions, (tsl20) - applicable in circulating and lubricating lubrication systems oh and having base number 20 mg KOH/g.

Groups of motor oils by purpose and performance properties (GOST 17479.1-85)

	Unforced gasoline engines and diesels
		Lightly boosted gasoline engines operating in conditions that promote high temperature deposits and bearing corrosion
	Low boosted diesels
		Medium-boosted gasoline engines operating in conditions that promote oil oxidation and the formation of deposits of all kinds
	Medium-forced diesel engines that place high demands on the anti-corrosion, anti-wear properties of oils and the ability to prevent the formation of high-temperature deposits
		Highly accelerated gasoline engines operating under severe operating conditions that contribute to oil oxidation, the formation of deposits of all kinds and corrosion
	Highly boosted naturally aspirated or moderately aspirated diesel engines operating under operating conditions conducive to the formation of high temperature deposits
		Highly accelerated gasoline engines operating under operating conditions that are more severe than for G1 group oils
	Highly accelerated supercharged diesel engines operating in severe operating conditions or when the fuel used requires the use of oils with high neutralizing ability, anti-corrosion and anti-wear properties, low tendency to form all types of deposits
		Highly accelerated gasoline engines and diesel engines operating under operating conditions more severe than for oils of groups D1 and D2.
	They are distinguished by increased dispersing ability, better anti-wear properties

In the old regulations additional characteristics conditions of use and features of the properties of oils were introduced into standard designations without brackets (M-8G2k, M-10DM, M-16DR, etc.), a different purpose of the oil was designated by group E (previously, cylinder oils for lubricating lubrication systems of crosshead diesel engines were designated as such) , non-standard brands were also used (MT-16p, M-16IHP-3). Since the old brands are contained in numerous operating instructions for equipment, regulatory documentation for oils, lubrication maps and other documentation, it is not possible to exclude all previously accepted designations at once. The table shows data on the correspondence between the designations of engine oil grades in accordance with GOST 17479.1-85 and those previously adopted in regulatory documents.

Often there is a need to address issues of interchangeability of domestic and foreign motor oils, for example, when it is necessary to choose domestic oil for imported equipment or foreign oil for exported equipment. domestic technology. The classification of motor oils by viscosity of the American Society has become generally accepted on an international scale. automotive engineers- SAE J300. Performance level and scope foreign manufacturers motor oils in most cases are indicated according to the API classification (American Petroleum Institute). GOST 17479.1-85 in the reference appendices gives an approximate correspondence between viscosity classes and groups for the purpose and performance properties set forth in GOST, viscosity classes according to SAE and API classes according to the conditions and areas of application of motor oils. It should be emphasized that this is not about identity, but only about indicative correspondence. Table data. 2.4 make it possible, knowing the standard brand domestic oil, select it foreign analogue or, knowing the characteristics imported oil according to SAE J300 and API classifications, find the closest domestic analogue. Classes SAE viscosity in most cases, they have wider ranges of kinematic viscosity at 100 °C than the viscosity grades according to GOST 17479.1-85. For this reason, two adjacent classes according to GOST 17479.1-85 can correspond to one SAE class. In this case, it is preferable to specify the analogue that has the closest actual viscosity value according to the prospectus data or regulatory documentation for this product.

Compliance with viscosity grades and engine oil groups according to GOST 17479.1-85 and SAE and API classifications

Viscosity class

*These API classes have no analogues in the domestic classification

The API classification divides motor oils into two categories: "S" (Service) - oils for gasoline engines and "C" (Commercial) - oils for diesel engines. Universal oils are designated by classes of both categories. Classes in categories indicate the letters of the Latin alphabet following the letter denoting the category, for example, SF, SH, CC, CD or SF / CC, CG / CD, CF-4 / SH for universal oils.

Engine oils belonging to the same API class, but produced different firms, may differ significantly in composition base oils, the types of additives used and, therefore, have specific properties, meet the requirements close to the limit values ​​or have a margin of quality. When choosing an analogue for the scope and level of performance properties, all special requirements to engine oil from the manufacturer of equipment (for example, restrictions on sulfate ash content, the absence or, on the contrary, the presence of a certain amount of zinc, the absence of soluble friction modifiers containing molybdenum in the oil, etc.).

According to the classifications of GOST 17479.1-85 and API, the group (class) in terms of the level of performance properties is established only according to the results of motor tests of oils in special single-cylinder units and full-size engines. Tests are carried out in bench conditions according to standard methods. The higher the level of performance properties assigned to the oil, the "stricter" the passing assessments of the test results or the tougher the conditions for their implementation. To control the quality stability of mass-produced motor oils, their classification tests are carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 17479.1-85 at least once every two years. In accordance with change No. 3 to GOST 17479.1-85, introduced from 01.01.2000, classification tests should be carried out not twice a year, but during the certification of motor oils. At the same time, detergent, dispersant, antiwear, anticorrosive, antioxidant properties of oils and their compliance with the viscosity classes indicated in the grades are determined.

In cases of non-fundamental changes in motor oil production technologies, it is mandatory to conduct comparative qualification tests of a prototype commercial oil and a prototype developed using the modified technology.

On domestic market There is a wide range of motor oils with API grade designation.

However, most of them have not passed the relevant tests and do not have an API certificate. API classes they are installed, as a rule, by analogy with foreign oils containing a similar package of additives, which is not a sufficient sign confirming operational properties oils.

The API oil class can only be confirmed by an API certificate.

Russian motor oils are classified according to GOST 17479.1-85. The main division by viscosity. Oils are also divided into groups according to their purpose and performance properties.

The designation consists of characters:

1. Always a letter M- means oil M torn;
2. Figures characterizing the viscosity;
3. The letters indicate belonging to a group according to the properties of the oil.

Viscosity classes of oils GOST 17479.1-85

By viscosity, oils are divided into classes. All-season classes are indicated by a fraction in which the numerator is the winter class, and the denominator is the summer class.
Letter in the table h next to the number denotes winter. Summer is not marked with a letter.

Viscosity class	Kinematic viscosity, mm at temperature
	+100°C	no more than -18°С
3h	at least 3.8	1250
4h	» » 4.1	2600
5z	» » 5.6	6000
6z	» » 5.6	10400
6	from 5.6 to 7.0 inclusive	-
8	» 7.0 » 9.3 »	-
10	» 9.3 » 11.5 »	-
12	» 11.5 » 12.5 »	-
14	» 12.5 » 14.5 »	-
16	» 14.5 » 16.3 »	-
20	» 16.3 » 21.9 »	-
24	» 21.9 » 26.1 »	-
3z/8	» 7.0 » 9.3 »	1250
4z/6	» 5.6 » 7.0 »	2600
4z/8	» 7.0 » 9.3 »	2600
4g/10	» 9.3 » 11.5 »	2600
5g/10	» 9.3 » 11.5 »	6000
5z/12	» 11.5 » 12.5 »	6000
5z/14	» 12.5 » 14.5 »	6000
6z/10	» 9.3 » 11.5 »	10400
6z/14	» 12.5 » 14.5 »	10400
6z/16	» 12.5 » 14.5 »	10400

Groups of oils according to their purpose GOST 17479.1-85

A capital letter in the name of the oil indicates belonging to a particular group according to properties.

Unforced gasoline and diesel engines.

Group		Recommended area of ​​application
A
B	B1	Low-powered gasoline engines operating at high temperatures, as a result of which deposits accumulate in them, and bearings also rust.
	B2	Lightweight diesel engines.
IN	IN 1	Medium-powered gasoline engines operating in conditions where oil is often oxidized and all types of deposits are formed.
	AT 2	Medium-forced diesel engines with increased requirements for anti-corrosion and anti-wear properties of motor oils. The ability of an oil to block the formation of high temperature deposits.
G	G1	Highly accelerated gasoline engines operating in difficult conditions, due to which the oil oxidizes, forming rust and all types of deposits.
	G2	Highly boosted, moderately aspirated or naturally aspirated diesel engines operating under conditions that produce high temperature deposits.
D	D1	Highly accelerated gasoline engines operating in conditions even more difficult than engines of G1 oils.
	D 2	High performance supercharged diesel engines operating under severe conditions. Also, these are engines whose fuel requires oil with a high neutralizing ability, a low tendency to form various deposits, and also with anti-wear and anti-corrosion properties.
E	E1	Highly accelerated gasoline and diesel engines operating under even more severe conditions than engines for oils of groups D1 and D2. Increased scattering power and better anti-wear properties
	E2

An example of using GOST 17479.1-85

An example of an engine oil label. Designation M-14V2 respectively means: Oil - summer, viscosity grade 14, intended for medium-powered diesel engines.

M-14V2 oil in its properties corresponds to SAE 40.

Compliance with GOST 17479.1-85 and SAE

GOST 17479.1-85	SAE
3h	5W
4h	10W
5z	15W
6z	20W
6	20
8	20
10	30
12	30
14	40
16	40
20	50
24	60
3z/8	5W-20
4z/6	10W-20
4z/8	10W-20
4g/10	10W-30

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