The car battery charges quickly. Fast charging by lighting

There are 3 chargers for cars different types: working from direct current, DC voltage or combined. The best choice is combined solutions; they are as automated as possible, and therefore are the easiest to charge. You only need to turn on the equipment according to the instructions, while the first two types of charging require knowledge of some subtleties.

The procedure is best done outdoors or in a garage, away from any flammable materials. Explosive gases may be released during the charging process, so make sure there is nothing nearby that could cause a spark.

How to beat an online casino for 368,548 rubles using a hole in the algorithm?
Step-by-step instruction

Hello! On the Internet I am known as Jerome Holden and I make money by testing the algorithms of the well-known Vulcan casino: I look for vulnerabilities in games, place bets and win the jackpot.

Now I'm gathering a community for a more global project, so I'm sharing the schemes for free. I tell you everything in as much detail as possible, there is nothing complicated, you can work directly from your phone, even girls can handle it)). You can test the algorithms, earn money and decide whether to join my team or not. Details here.

In three months I earned 973,000 rubles from my schemes:

Preparation

Charging batteries requires simple preparations:

1. What type of charging equipment do you use? The charging and pre-starting device does not require disconnecting the battery from electrical system auto. That is, there is no need to remove the batteries; just turn off all electronics while charging. If you use a charger and starter, then the battery should be brought home (see also which battery charger to choose).
2. A frozen battery must be thawed before charging. Then you should clean it of dirt.
3. Next, you will need an ariometer - a device that measures the density of the electrolyte in the battery. The electrolyte must completely cover lead plates, so it is possible that it will need to be topped up. But the ariometer readings should be in the range of 1.25-1.27 g/cm3. Only after making sure that the electrolytes are normal can you start charging.

Charger

On this preparatory stage ends and battery charging begins.

1. Remove the lids from the cans and connect the charging terminals to the battery terminals. Everything here is extremely simple: plus is connected to plus, minus to minus, it is impossible to confuse them. But the sequence is important: the positives are connected first. Only the charger is plugged into the network.
2. Now let's deal with important issue: What current should I use to charge the battery? After turning on the device, you will have to set its value. A simple rule applies here, which should also be in the manual for using the charger: charging current = 1/10 * battery capacity. In general, the lower the charging current, the better, so, having a day to spare, you can use the following formula: charging current = 1/24 * battery capacity. For example, 60A/hours (standard VAZ 2110 battery)/24 hours = 2.5A (charging current).
3. How much to charge car battery ? If the charging current is 1/10 of the battery capacity, then the approximate charging time will be 10–12 hours.
4. When the battery starts charging, pay attention to the movement of the arrow on the device. It should gradually tend to zero.
5. DC chargers. Monitor the temperature of the electrolytes; if they become very hot, then to avoid boiling, you need to reduce the battery charging current by approximately half.
6. The combination charger will turn itself off after the battery is fully charged and will protect the electrolytes from overheating.

The photo shows a typical charger instruction:


How to make sure that you did everything correctly and charging was successful? If within 2 hours after turning off the devices, the battery voltage does not change and the density of the electrolytes remains stable, you have coped with the task “excellently”.

In conclusion, I would like to note that in summer it is better not to leave the battery charging unattended, but from time to time to check the level and heating of the electrolytes. The fact is that in the hot season, electrolytes boil much faster, and the plates can deteriorate in the fresh air.
By the way, if the battery life is already over, then there may be no point in charging it, but it is better to buy a new one (see.

Probably every car owner has encountered the problem of a dead battery. This trouble can happen to any driver if you do not pay enough attention to the car's power source.

We will talk about why car batteries discharge, as well as the features of charging them at home.

Why does the battery run out?

Typically, the service life of a modern automobile is 5-6 years, provided that it is used correctly and timely service. After this time, the power source wears out, and it is almost impossible to restore it.

However, it often happens that even relatively new battery stops working. There may be several reasons for this:

• the car stood motionless for a long time, especially in the cold season;
• insufficient quantity and density of electrolyte in banks;
• malfunctions in the electrical equipment of the car;
• destruction of battery working plates, etc.

If the car for a long time stands motionless, the battery, not receiving a charge, is discharged. This happens especially quickly in the cold. It is enough for the car to sit like this for two or three weeks, and you will no longer be able to start it.

During battery operation, the electrolyte gradually evaporates. And if you do not control its quantity, over time this will lead to the battery losing its properties.

The cause of discharge can also be various problems with electrical equipment. This may be a lack of charging caused by problems with the generator, etc.

If the working plates are destroyed, it is better not to use the battery - this can cause an internal short circuit, which can lead to failure of other electrical equipment and even a fire.

How to prepare a battery for charging

If, nevertheless, the battery is discharged, there is no need to rush to take it to the service center. You can charge it yourself, of course, if you have a charger, plus you know how to charge a car battery. But first the battery needs to be prepared for this.

First, you need to remove it from the car by disconnecting the terminals. If the battery has been left in the cold for some time, it must be taken indoors and allowed to warm up for several hours before charging.

You can charge the battery at home without removing it from the car, but this should only be done in a dry, warm place, preferably in a garage.

If the battery is serviceable, before charging you need to unscrew the lids of the cans and check for the presence of electrolyte. If necessary, it should be topped up. And only then, without tightening the plugs, start charging.

And further. Before charging the battery with a charger, you need to know its capacity. It is usually indicated on the label and measured in ampere hours (Ah, A/h). This value will be needed to calculate optimal current charging.

A few words about security measures

Before you charge your battery at home, it’s a good idea to know a few things. simple rules, which will protect you and your loved ones during this process.

• Firstly, the room in which charging will take place must be well ventilated. The fumes released during the process (sulfur dioxide, hydrogen, etc.) are unsafe for health.
• Secondly, charging the battery is prohibited near open fire and heating devices.
• And thirdly, any charger operates from the mains, so it is not recommended to leave it unattended for a long time.

Charging methods

There are three main ways to charge a battery:

• constant voltage (voltage 14.5-16.5 V with current decreasing from 45 to 20 A);
• direct current (charging current is equal to 10% of the battery capacity);
• combined method (first with direct current, then with constant voltage).

After selection optimal option constant voltage you will have to wait 24 to 48 hours. In the first case, the charging voltage is set to 16.5 V, and in the second - 1.4 V. The battery, while charging, gradually “gains strength”, leveling out the difference between the performance of the battery and the charger.

The method allows you to charge the battery at home in 10 hours. It is important here to accurately determine charging current. As already mentioned, it should be equal to a tenth of the battery capacity. In other words, if your battery capacity is 55 A/h, you need to set the charging current to 5.5 A. At the same time, when the battery voltage reaches 14.4 V, it needs to be reduced to 3 A, and at 15 V - to 1.5 A.

The combined method combines the first two and is considered the best today. For this method, there are special ones that can be used without constant supervision.

If you do not want to figure out how to charge the battery with a charger using the methods described, use the tips below for quick and full charging. They do not require special knowledge in the field of electrical engineering, and therefore are suitable even for a beginner.

Fast way to recharge

A car? There is no clear answer to this question. Each case will require a different time. It usually takes 12 to 24 hours to fully charge the battery. However, you can charge the battery at home faster. This, of course, is not entirely correct, but if you don’t have time to wait, use the quick method.

To do this, you do not need to remove the battery from the car; just disconnect it by removing the terminals. We unscrew the lids of the cans (if it is a serviceable battery) and check the amount of electrolyte. If there is a need and opportunity, we top it up.

After 30 minutes, charging is stopped. This time is quite enough to good battery recharged and was able to start the engine. Its further charging is the job of the generator, unless, of course, we are dealing with electrical equipment problems.

Fully charged

If you have time, it is better to make full charge batteries using low current. This method will allow you to charge the battery at home in a gentle mode to the maximum.

We remove the battery from the car, having first disconnected the terminals. Place it on a flat surface. We unscrew the plugs and check the electrolyte. We connect the terminals of the charger, remembering to observe and check the polarity. We connect to a 220 V network and set the charging current at 10% of the battery capacity. Leave for 10-12 hours, not forgetting to check the progress of the process.

How do you know that the battery is charged? You often hear that you can check with a voltmeter. There is, they say, 12 V - that means everything is charged. This is actually a false way. You can determine the battery charge only by the capacity indicator, and for this you need a hydrometer.

If you don't have one, you'll have to be content with approximate indicators. Most modern batteries There are indicators on the case that you can use to determine whether it is charged or not.

But if there is no indicator, just look at the device's ammeter. How bigger battery discharged, so higher current it consumes during the procedure, and as it charges, its value will gradually decrease. The battery can be considered charged when the ammeter needle points to zero. That is why, in fact, the question of how much a charged battery should show can be answered with confidence - not at all!

Is it possible to charge the battery without a charger?

What if there is no charger? The easiest way in this case is to ask someone to “light” his car. A cable is used for this high voltage with special clamp terminals. They are placed on the battery terminals of a running car and on the terminals of a discharged battery connected to the electrical equipment of another car, observing the polarity. After this, you need to wait some time (5-10 minutes) so that the discharged battery is slightly recharged, and start the engine. When the car starts, the cable is disconnected. The battery will begin to charge from the generator.

But how to charge a battery without a charger if there is no way to “light it”? In such a situation, you can try charging using a laptop adapter, but there are several nuances here. Firstly, most of these devices do not produce a current of more than 2.5 A, so they will take a very long time to charge. And secondly, there is a high probability that the adapter will not withstand the oncoming current load and will burn out.

Be that as it may, it’s still worth a try, especially if there is no other choice.

A car battery needs to be charged periodically. The point is that even with working generator In a car, the battery is never fully charged, it is only constantly recharged.

And when a large number of electrical consumers are turned on, it may become discharged. Battery life during this operation is significantly reduced. Therefore, it is highly advisable to periodically remove it from the car and charge it at home.

But there are situations when there is no time to fully charge, or, but you need to go... What to do? You can charge it without removing it from the car.

How to properly charge a car battery without removing it from the car?

Charge using a charger

It would be more correct to say recharging...

1. Remove the terminals from the battery, it doesn’t matter in what order, but it is advisable to remove the negative terminal first, and then the positive one. It’s just that if you remove the positive one first, you may accidentally use the key to short the positive one to ground (to the car body).
2. Connect the charger to the battery and turn it on (220 V).
3. Set the charging current to approximately 1/5 of the battery capacity. For example, a capacity of 62 A/H means the charging current should be set to approximately 12.4 amperes. But remember that you cannot charge the battery for a long time in this mode, this is an accelerated charging method.

This allows you to “energize” the battery and you can start the car, and then the battery will be recharged from the generator. If you frequently recharge using this method, the lead plates inside the battery may crumble, as a result, the battery will not hold its intended capacity.

How to properly charge a battery from another car

This process is called "lighting up". More details about this method.

How to charge correctly after removing the battery from the car

This way to charge the battery is more correct. However, many chargers have now appeared that regulate the current completely within automatic mode, gradually reducing it as the battery charges.

The correct way to charge using a charger with a manual current regulator

1. Disconnect the terminals and remove the battery from the car 😉
2. At home or in the garage, place it on a level surface. (The room in which the battery is being charged must be ventilated; the gases that are released during the battery charging process are very toxic and explosive).
3. Unscrew the plugs from the battery, but do not remove them, but cover the holes with them.
4. Connect the charger and turn it on (220 V)
5. Set the charging current to 1/10 of the battery capacity. For example, the battery capacity is 62 amperes/hour, which means the charging current should be 6.2 amperes. The battery should be charged with this current within 10 hours.

But this is only if the battery is completely discharged! In all other cases, when it has some kind of charge, it is enough to charge it overnight at this current (8 hours). Always monitor the charging process by the boiling of the electrolyte and the temperature of the battery itself. If one or more “banks” have closed plates, then the battery will get very hot and quickly discharge on the car, even with a working generator.

At the end of the charging process, you need to check the density of the electrolyte (provided that the battery is serviceable). In summer it should be 1.27 and in winter time 1,29.

Very correct video on how to charge the battery:

The battery requires recharging from time to time. The chemical processes occurring in batteries, unfortunately, are up to today are not able to collect the amount of electricity capable of ensuring the operation of the car and all its devices without recharging at all. Even modern maintenance-free power sources sometimes need to be recharged, especially in the case of electrical appliances or lights in the car that are left on.

General conditions for the procedure and safety

It is very important to follow the rules and safety precautions when recharging the battery. As a rule, in order to charge the device, it is disconnected from the car circuit, removed from full-time position and place it on a flat surface. The installation location should not be at an angle, as the liquid electrolyte may spill from tilting or boiling. In addition, the position should not be close to sources of heat or fire.

The room in which the battery is charged must be well ventilated so that electrolyte vapors containing acid vapors do not accumulate. Otherwise, they can significantly damage the respiratory tract and mucous membranes of a person or animal. It is prohibited to carry out the procedure in a residential area.

Before starting the process, you need to prepare the battery:

• Firstly, it needs to be cleaned of all kinds of contaminants.
• Secondly, measure the density of the electrolyte in the battery banks. Based on the obtained indicators, you can quite quickly accurately determine the degree of its charge (the indicator 1.28 g/cm2 corresponds to one hundred percent charge, 1.20 - 50%. 1.10 - 10%).

All work with electrolyte (unscrewing plugs, measuring density, carrying the battery) must be done with high rubber gloves increased density. The sulfuric acid contained in the electrolyte can be harmful to clothing, objects and health. If liquid gets on your skin, wash it off with plenty of water and soap.

• Third. Use a stiff brush to clean the battery terminals from oxidation and contamination. To improve contact, you can use sandpaper.

You should be extremely careful, since a short circuit at the terminals can lead not only to battery failure, but also to fire of the device.

• Fourthly, when connecting to a charger, polarity must be observed.

How to charge the battery

You can find many ways and methods to charge your car's power supply. Most of them are quite controversial and ambiguous. For example, there are both supporters and opponents of recharging the battery without disconnecting the car from the network. Both make sound and well-founded arguments. Therefore, all “non-classical” methods that do not comply with traditional recommendations can be used by car enthusiasts solely at their own peril and risk and at their own personal responsibility.

The main ways to charge the battery are:

• controlled;
• autonomous.

In the first case, charging should take place under constant control person. In this case, the current must correspond to 1/10 of the battery capacity (if the battery has a rating of 60 A/hour, to charge it you need a current of up to 6A). It is necessary to ensure that this current strength is maintained at all times, checking it every 2 hours.

Modern charging device are able to independently control this characteristic by recharging the battery.

When the voltage reaches 14.4 V, the current must be halved, and when it reaches 15 V, it must be halved again. The battery can be considered fully charged when the current and voltage readings stop changing.

The autonomous option does not require supervision. However, it is necessary to accurately determine the required voltage values. Failure to comply with this parameter will result in undercharging or overcharging the battery, which is equally bad. The recommended voltage is 14.4 V. When the current reaches 1 A, the voltage should be increased to 15 V.

On average, such charging takes about 12 hours. And it may take up to three days to complete!

Fast charging

But what to do if you need to quickly charge a dead car battery and you don’t have 12 hours for the usual procedure? For example, if the battery is dead and you need to drive. Obviously, in such a situation, emergency charging will help, after which the battery will be able to start the car engine, the generator will do the rest.

To recharge quickly, the battery is not removed from its original place. Only the terminals are disconnected. The procedure is as follows.

Each of us, motorists, at least once in our lives has found ourselves (or will find ourselves) in a situation where a dead battery does not allow us to start the engine. This phenomenon is especially common for winter period, because at negative temperatures the battery does not hold a charge well. And if the car was parked severe frost more than a week, problems with the battery are almost guaranteed, up to complete discharge.

What to do in such a situation? Of course, you can “light” from the battery of another car, and it will help if there is ahead long trip, but it will be completely useless if you only have to travel a couple of kilometers. The battery simply won't have time to charge. In this case, it is best to charge the battery with an external device. We know and will tell you how to do this correctly and safely.

How a car battery works

Car battery- a small container with an electrolyte containing sulfuric acid, into which metal plates are lowered. The principle of operation of rechargeable batteries is based on chemical reactions between lead and lead dioxide in a sulfuric acid environment, which produces electricity.

When the battery is discharged (at the moment of energy consumption), the reduction reactions of lead dioxide occur on the cathode plate (5th point in the diagram) and the oxidation of lead on the anode plate (4th point in the diagram). During the reverse reaction, namely when charging the battery, mirror reverse reactions occur on its plates, to which at the final stage is added the electrolytic reaction of water (electrolysis), which in turn is accompanied by a significant release of oxygen at the anode and hydrogen at the cathode.

In simple terms, when the battery is discharged, sulfuric acid is actively consumed, resulting in the formation of water. With the formation of water, the overall density of the electrolyte decreases. When charging the battery, everything happens in reverse order. Water is “used” to create sulfuric acid, and accordingly the overall density of the electrolyte increases.

Thus, during the operation of the battery, during those periods when its energy is consumed, the reagents located in the battery capacity (electrolyte and lead platinum) interacting with each other “generate” electricity. When an electric charge is created, sulfuric acid, which is part of the electrolyte, is consumed and water is formed. Water “dilutes” the electrolyte, its density decreases, and the generation of electrical charge decreases. At this moment the battery must be charged.

As a result of charging the battery (the moment of charge accumulation), the previous density of the electrolyte is restored, the level of sulfuric acid in it increases, and the water level decreases. The battery is now ready for use again. But nothing lasts forever in this world, and since these basic reactions are accompanied by a number of other processes (for example, sulfation and destruction of metal plates), the battery loses its properties over time. The storage potential of electrical energy decreases and the battery must be replaced with a new one.

Battery Maintenance

The service life and serviceability of the battery largely depend on timely maintenance and proper care for her. The battery must be kept clean, as contamination of its surface leads to increased self-discharge. At maintenance you need to wipe the surface of the battery with a 10% solution ammonia or soda ash, then wipe with a clean, dry cloth.

During charging, a chemical reaction releases gases that significantly increase the pressure inside the batteries. Therefore, the ventilation holes in the plugs must be periodically cleaned with a thin wire. Considering that when the battery operates, detonating gas (a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen) is formed, you should not inspect the battery in an open fire. It is necessary to periodically check the electrolyte level and its density, and if necessary, full check batteries as described above in order to more precise definition its condition and suitability for further use.

For long-term storage, the battery must be removed from the car, fully charged and stored in a charged state in a dry place at a temperature no higher than 00C and no lower than minus 3000C, keeping in mind that the lower the temperature of the electrolyte, the lower the self-discharge. Every 3 months you should check the charge of the battery based on the density of the electrolyte and, if necessary, recharge it.

When storing the battery directly on the car, disconnect the wires from the pole pins (if there is no special switch). We must remember that the freezing point of an electrolyte with a density of 1.1 g/cm3 is minus 70 degrees, with a density of 1.22 g/cm3 - minus 370 degrees and with a density of 1.31 g/cm3 - minus 660 degrees. Freezing of the electrolyte leads to destruction and warping of the plates, cracks in the tank and failure of the battery cells.

If there is a white or greenish coating on the battery terminals and wire terminals, it is necessary to remove the terminals and remove the coating with a damp cloth, clean the contacts to a metallic shine with a wire brush or sandpaper, and after installing the terminals, apply a thin layer of VTV-1 grease or other acid-resistant grease to their surfaces .

How does the battery charge?

The question of battery charging arises especially strongly in winter - cold has a negative effect on battery , and that’s why so many motorists are faced with the inability to start the car in the morning or after long downtime. At proper maintenance With timely battery care, these problems can be avoided and the service life of the device can be extended. So, how to properly charge a car battery?

It is advisable to remove the battery before charging, but emergency situation it's not obligatory. Remember that you need to charge the battery either in a well-ventilated area (balcony, in extreme cases - open windows), either in the garage away from flammable objects, or in the fresh air. When charging, the battery releases an explosive mixture of hydrogen and oxygen, so protect devices from the possibility of sparks during the process. When charging without removing the battery from the car, you must disconnect all electrical cables.

To prepare the battery, you need to clean the terminals from dirt and grease if you lubricated them during operation. To properly charge the battery, it must first be completely discharged. To do this, you can connect external lighting devices and leave for several hours.

Check the density of the electrolyte. This can be done using a special device. It's called an Ariometer. Ideally, the density should be 1.25-1.27 g/cm3 at a temperature of +25, and the density in battery banks should not differ by more than 0.01 g/cm3. The electrolyte must completely cover the lead plates that conduct current, so if necessary, it can be added or diluted with distilled water to the required density.

You need to remove the lids from all cans and connect the charger terminals to the battery terminals - plus to plus, minus to minus. First you always need to connect the plus, and only after that the minus, and the charger must be plugged into the network after the connection has been made. Set the current on the charger. The current must be equal to exactly one tenth of the capacity of your battery, for example, if the capacity is 65 Ah, the current should be no more than 6.5A on the charger. When the battery is deeply discharged, these figures should be reduced to 1.5A - 2A.

Make sure that the ammeter needle moves to zero and that the electrolyte temperature does not increase. For example, if the electrolyte has heated up to +40°C, reduce the amount of current supplied by half. And if the battery voltage and electrolyte density do not change within two hours, your battery is properly charged. Charging the battery takes 10-12 hours on average, but if you leave it on overnight, it won’t get any worse.

These are the basic principles of battery charging. IN summer time the electrolyte boils away faster, and those located on outdoors The plates are susceptible to destruction, so periodically checking the level and density of the electrolyte should become a good habit for you. And, of course, try not to use the battery with the engine off - this will cause it to discharge quickly.

How long does it take to charge the battery?

Very often, when charging a battery, motorists have a question: how long does it take to fully charge a car battery? In order to answer this question, you need to decide which method you will charge: constant current or constant voltage.

Features of DC charging

In order for the battery to accept the required charge, it must be charged for 10-12 hours with a current equal to 5%-10% of the battery capacity. For example, if you are charging a battery with a capacity of 60 A/h with an electrolyte density of 1.23, it must be charged with a current of no more than 6 A for 10 hours. As the charging current decreases, the charging time increases. At the same time, low current for the battery is considered more useful.

Features of constant voltage charging

It takes longer to charge a battery with constant voltage than with constant current. It is worth considering that most modern automatic chargers turn off themselves at the end of the charging process, which, as a rule, lasts 12-24 hours, so you do not need to control this. It is also worth noting that this method charges the battery only 80-90%, while the method described above is capable of charging the battery 100%. The same method is used to charge the battery from the generator while the vehicle is in use.

What types of chargers are there?

Chargers can be classified according to several criteria. Depending on the method used for charging, chargers are:

- those that charge from direct current;

Such that they charge from constant voltage;

Such that they charge using a combined method.

Charging from direct current must be carried out at a charge current of 1/10 of the battery capacity. Such charging can fully charge the battery, but the process will require control, because during it the electrolyte heats up and can boil, which causes short circuit and battery fire. Such charging should not last more than one day. Constant voltage charging is much safer, but it is not able to fully charge the battery.

Therefore, modern chargers use a combined charging method. With this method, charging is first carried out from direct current, and then switches to charging from constant voltage to prevent overheating of the electrolyte. Depending on the features of operation and design, chargers for car batteries are divided into two types:

Transformer

Devices in which a transformer is connected together with the rectifier. Such devices are reliable and effective, but very bulky (have large dimensions and noticeable weight).

Pulse

The main element of such devices is a voltage converter operating on high frequencies. This is the same transformer, but significantly smaller in size and weight than transformer chargers. It is for this reason that this type of charger has become very popular among motorists recently. In addition, most of the processes of pulsed devices are automated, which significantly simplifies their management. Depending on the purpose, chargers are of two types:

Charging and pre-launch

Charge the car battery from an existing power source.

Charging and starting

They are capable of not only charging the battery from the mains, but also starting the engine when it is discharged. Such devices are more versatile and can provide a current of 100 V or more if you need to quickly charge the battery without an additional source of electrical current.

There is also a separate class of chargers - solar battery chargers. They make it possible to charge the battery without connecting to the network. Charging occurs using the unit solar battery, which accumulates energy from the sun. And the device itself is connected to the cigarette lighter or to the battery terminals. Such devices are very convenient to use if the battery is low and there is no power supply nearby.

Subscribe to our feeds at