Is it possible to create a perpetual motion machine? What force will work in this case? Is it even possible to create an energy source that would not use conventional energy carriers? These questions have been relevant at all times.
What is a perpetual motion machine?
Before we move on to discussing how to do perpetual motion machine with your own hands, you must first determine what this term means. So, what is a perpetual motion machine, and why has no one been able to make this miracle of technology so far?
For thousands of years man has tried to invent a perpetual motion machine. It should be a mechanism that would use energy without using conventional energy carriers. At the same time, they must produce more energy than they consume. In other words, these should be such energy devices that have an efficiency greater than 100%.
Types of perpetual motion machines
All perpetual motion machines are conditionally divided into two groups: physical and natural. The first ones are mechanical devices, the second - devices that are designed on the basis of celestial mechanics.
Requirements for perpetual motion machines
Since such devices must work constantly, special requirements must be imposed on them:
- full preservation of movement;
- perfect strength of parts;
- having exceptional wear resistance.
Perpetuum mobile from a scientific point of view
What does science say about this? She does not deny the possibility of creating such an engine that will work on the principle of using the energy of the total gravitational field. It is also the energy of vacuum or ether. What should be the principle of operation of such an engine? That it should be a machine in which a force is continuously acting, causing movement without the participation of external influence.
Gravitational perpetual motion machine
Our entire universe is evenly filled with star clusters called galaxies. At the same time, they are in a mutual balance of power, which tends to rest. If you lower the density of any part of the stellar space, reducing the amount of matter that it contains, then the entire Universe will certainly begin to move, trying to equalize the average density to the level of the rest. Masses will rush into the rarefied cavity, leveling the density of the system.
With an increase in the amount of matter, there will be a scattering of masses from the area under consideration. But someday the total density will still be the same. And it doesn't matter whether the density of this region will decrease or increase, it is important that the bodies begin to move, equalizing the average density to the level of the density of the rest of the Universe.
If the dynamics of the expansion of the observed part of the Universe slows down by a micro fraction, and the energy from this process is used, we will get the desired effect of a free eternal source of energy. And the engine, powered by it, will become eternal, since it will be impossible to fix the consumption of the energy itself, using physical concepts. An intrasystem observer will not be able to grasp the logical connection between the expansion of a part of the Universe and the energy consumption of a particular engine.
The picture for an observer from the outside will be more obvious: the presence of an energy source, the region changed by the dynamics, and the very energy consumption of a specific device. But this is all illusory and immaterial. Let's try to build a perpetual motion machine with our own hands.
Magnetic-gravitational perpetual motion machine
Do-it-yourself magnetic perpetual motion machine can be made on the basis of a modern permanent magnet. The principle of operation is to alternately move around the main stator magnet auxiliary, as well as loads. In this case, the magnets interact with force fields, and the loads either approach the axis of rotation of the motor in the zone of action of one pole, then they are repelled in the zone of action of the other pole from the center of rotation.
Engines of the second kind - machines that reduce the thermal energy of the reservoir and completely convert it into work without changes in environment. Their use would violate the second law of thermodynamics.
Although over the past centuries thousands of various variants of the device in question have been invented, the question remains of how to make a perpetual motion machine. And yet one must understand that such a mechanism must be completely isolated from external energy. And further. Any eternal work of any design is carried out with the direction of this work in one direction.
This avoids the cost of returning to the starting position. And the last. Nothing is eternal in this world. And all these so-called perpetual motion machines, operating on the energy of gravity, and on the energies of water and air, and on the energy of permanent magnets, will not function constantly. Everything comes to an end.
We continue the section that we devoted to beginners. A few days ago I received letters in the mail from newcomers who wanted advice on a homemade perpetual motion machine, I quote -<Dear Aka, I really enjoy every new article you write. I am new to this area and so I decided to make my first design, which I consider the simplest. I want to ask you for help, I decided to make a perpetual motion machine with magnets for myself, I saw similar motors on YouTube, I already found magnets and I want to hear your opinion about the location of the magnets on the disk, how best to glue them to ensure high efficiency? Thank you> end of quote. Newcomers may ask such questions, since they are just starting to master the laws of physics and mechanics, and you can hardly see anything on YouTube, but don't believe everyone.
A PERPETUAL MOBILE CANNOT EXIST, and if someone ever manages to invent such an engine, he will become the most famous and richest person, and they do not hide from you about the existence<перпетум мобиле>- it simply does not exist, since its existence is rejected by the basic laws of physics and mechanics. The history of perpetual motion experiments is as old as this world. The greatest scientists of all times and peoples tried to create this engine, even such an outstanding person as LEONARDO DA VINCI thought that a perpetual motion machine could still exist, but he and many other scientists were deeply mistaken. Michael Faraday, James Watt and even Nikola Tesla experimented with creating<перпетум мобиле>.
At the Royal Academy of Sciences, where patents for inventions were registered, hundreds of thousands of applications for the creation of a perpetual motion machine were received, people bluffed, tried to deceive everyone and go down in history under the name of the person who created the perpetual motion machine, the designs of such engines were very different - on magnets, based on gears and belts, people tried to create and make the engine work in a vacuum, under water, but no one worked for more than an hour ... There are many names in history who nevertheless managed to deceive the commission of the Royal Academy of Sciences in London, but in the end the engines stopped. In the end, at the beginning of the 19th century, the Royal Academy of Sciences refuses to accept projects for perpetual motion machines, but of course this does not stop independent inventors from creating projects for perpetual motion machines, history knows the names of inventors who went crazy or killed themselves because of this, and the eternal one is to blame for everything engine, because it is the most easy way become famous and rich, the favorite of the whole world.
But imagine what will happen if a perpetual motion machine is still invented? The answer is simple - all factories, power plants will be closed, a global crisis will begin, the economy of our planet will collapse, civil wars, mass robberies will begin, chaos and darkness will reign, which will eventually turn into a world war! And here I will cite the legendary words of Einstein: The fourth world war people will start with a bow and arrow, because the 3rd world will wipe out all life on the planet. And I’ll tell the beginners - solder multivibrators, flashing lights, simple bugs and throw the perpetual motion machine out of your head - it doesn’t exist and cannot exist at all. Author - Artur Kasyan ( AKA).
Hydraulic perpetual motion machine February 14th, 2017
In 1685, in one of the issues of the London scientific journal"Philosophical Works" was published proposed by the Frenchman Denis Papin, the project of a hydraulic perpetuum mobile, the principle of which was supposed to refute the well-known paradox of hydrostatics. As can be seen from the figure, this device consisted of a vessel that narrowed into a tube in the shape of the letter C, which was bent upwards and with its open end hung over the edge of the vessel.
The author of the project assumed that the weight of water in the wider part of the vessel would necessarily exceed the weight of the liquid in the tube, i.e. in the narrower part. This meant that the liquid, by its weight, would have to squeeze itself out of the vessel into a tube, through which it would again have to return to the vessel, thereby achieving the required continuous circulation of water in the vessel.
How do you suppose why the "perpetual motion machine" works in the video?
Unfortunately, Papen did not realize that the decisive factor in this case is not a different amount (and with it a different weight of the liquid in the wide and narrow parts of the vessel), but, first of all, a property inherent in all communicating vessels without exception: the pressure of the liquid in the vessel itself and the curved tube will always be the same. The hydrostatic paradox is precisely explained by the peculiarities of this essentially hydrostatic pressure.
Also called Pascal's paradox, he claims that the total pressure, i.e. the force with which the liquid presses on the horizontal bottom of the vessel is determined only by the weight of the column of liquid above it, and does not depend at all on the shape of the vessel (for example, on whether its walls narrow or expand) and, therefore, on the amount of liquid.
The victims of such delusions were sometimes even people who worked at the very forefront of contemporary science and technology. An example is Denis Papin himself (1647-1714) - the inventor of not only "daddy's boiler" and safety valve, but also centrifugal pump and, most importantly, the first steam engines with cylinder and piston. Papin even established the dependence of vapor pressure on temperature and showed how to obtain both vacuum and vacuum on its basis. high blood pressure. He was a student of Huygens, corresponded with Leibniz and other prominent scientists of his time, was a member of the English Royal Society and the Academy of Sciences in Naples. And here is such a person who is rightfully considered a prominent physicist and one of the founders of modern thermal power engineering (as the creator of steam engine), and works on a perpetual motion machine! Not only that, he proposes such a perpetual motion machine, the fallacy of the principle of which was completely obvious to contemporary science as well. He publishes this project in Philosophical Transactions (London, 1685).
Rice. 1. Model of a hydraulic perpetual motion machine by D. Papin
The idea of Papin's perpetual motion machine is very simple - it is essentially an inverted "upside down" Zonka's pipe (Fig. 1). Since the weight of water is greater in the wide part of the vessel, its force must exceed the force of the weight of the narrow column of water in the thin pipe C. Therefore, water will constantly drain from the end of the thin pipe into the wide vessel. It remains only to substitute the water wheel under the jet and the perpetual motion machine is ready!
It is obvious that in reality this will not work; the liquid surface in a thin tube will be set at the same level as in a thick one, as in any communicating vessels (as in the right part of Fig. 1.).
The fate of this idea of Papin was the same as that of other variants of hydraulic perpetual motion machines. The author never returned to it, having taken up a more useful business - a steam engine.
The story of the invention by D. Papin suggests a question that constantly arises when studying the history of perpetual motion machines: how to explain the amazing blindness and strange behavior of many very educated and, most importantly, talented people that arise every time, as soon as it comes to the invention of a perpetual motion machine?
We will return to this issue later. If we continue talking about Papin, then something else is incomprehensible. Not only does it not take into account the already known laws of hydraulics. After all, at that time he was in the position of "temporary curator of experiments" at the Royal Society of London. Papin, with his experimental skills, could easily test the idea of a perpetual motion machine he proposed (just as he tested his other proposals). It is easy to set up such an experiment in half an hour, without even having the capabilities of a “curator of experiments”. He didn't, and for some reason submitted the article to the magazine without checking anything. Paradox: an outstanding experimental scientist and theorist publishes a project that contradicts an already established theory and has not been verified experimentally!
In the future, many more hydraulic perpetual motion machines were proposed with other methods of raising water, in particular capillary and wick (which, in fact, are the same thing) [. They proposed to lift liquid (water or oil) from the lower vessel to the upper one through a wetted capillary or wick. Indeed, it is possible to raise the liquid to a certain height in this way, but the same surface tension forces that caused the rise will not allow the liquid to drain from the wick (or capillary) into the upper vessel.
What happens on the video?
When liquid is poured into the funnel, then, according to the law of communicating vessels, the levels should be the same, and it flows into the tube with a large delay, therefore, under the wooden stand there is also a vessel from which water is pumped, since it will stop in the middle and will not flow. This the hydraulic perpetuum mobile of the Middle Ages, which contains an error, as if the greater weight of the funnel will displace water from the tube, but this is not so. Any tube diameter and any shape does not matter, the levels just level out
Perpetuum mobile and inertioid, continued search
In the early 90s, there was a poster with the inscription "Gravity Engine" at the exhibition of technical creativity of young people, I stopped, looking at the picture. The organizer of the exhibition came up, talked to him about the perpetual motion machine, after which he asked me to convince the author to remove the poster. "Otherwise, you will develop documentation," he joked and followed the author. It was clear that reference to the law of conservation of energy could not be avoided, there was information about the construction of metaphysical laboratories, cracks for dispersing clouds and other innovations. There was no pencil, I had to prove it "on my fingers", the author understood and removed the poster.
And I thought interesting thing it turns out: the world around us is in perpetual motion, and we do not allow the idea of modeling perpetual motion. Perhaps that is why Goethe's words do not lose their relevance: "My friend's theory is dry, but the tree of life is eternally green."
Calculation of the devices shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the article "On the existence of an inertioid, perpetual motion machine and asymmetry" is made through 0.1 steps of setting weights. When calculating after 0.05 steps, the obtained indicators decrease by about a factor of two. That is, by showing the calculation method simple circuits, I suggested to search for more effective options. For example: run the tape on large pulleys along the chord, which will reduce the number of weights.
The calculation of the rotor in Figure 3 is done with sufficient accuracy to make a decision. About 3,000 high-sensitivity bubble flasks will be required to make the rotor. And if by calculation it is possible to increase the release of the moment of force by ten times, one cannot do without flasks. The sensitivity of nature can be judged by the following fact: In sinks installed oppositely a few meters from the equator, the funnels rotate in different sides.
About the possibility of using the rotor to generate energy: When the rotor rotates, there is no vertical speed at the points of 0 and 180 degrees. At the points of 90 and 270 degrees, the vertical speed is equal to the linear speed, that is, there will be an acceleration along the vertical, which will be superimposed on the acceleration of gravity, as a result of which the pressure of the bubble on the flask will change, in addition, during rotation, centrifugal force will arise and the bubble will shift. All this will not allow the rotor to gain momentum, and it will rotate very slowly, more precisely, self-unbalance or have asymmetry.
Therefore, one cannot count on the practical application of the rotor as a "perpetual motion machine", and the recognition of the existence of self-unbalance is a matter of curiosity and time. What cannot be said about the inertioid to which no alternative has yet been found.
To recognize the existence of an inertioid, experimentation is necessary. Device schemes described in the note "About selection centrifugal force to obtain thrust" of this article have a calculated thrust of up to 3 percent of the total centrifugal force on a semicircle, but are difficult to manufacture. The designs of more efficient devices may turn out to be no less complex, which calls into question the manufacture of the device in a handicraft way, and the development of documentation, the manufacture of experimental samples and laboratory equipment is beyond the power of amateurs.
Retired engineer Pronota V.P.
Perpetual motion machine - what is it? What is the principle of its work? Can there be an energy source that will work without the use of an energy carrier?
In order to make a perpetual motion machine with your own hands, you need to know what it is. People have always thought about creating a device that would work without the use of an energy carrier, generate energy in large quantities. One of the main requirements is 100% efficiency.
To date, there are two versions of the perpetual motion machine: physical - working on the principles of mechanics, and natural - using celestial mechanics.
Requirements for perpetual motion machines
Since the device itself is designed for permanent job without using a certain type of energy carrier, then to it there are specific requirements:
- ensuring the constant operation of the engine;
- long-term operation of the device due to ideal parts;
- strong and durable parts.
To date, there is no such device that has been tested or certified. Many scientists are working on this issue and do not deny the possibility of its creation in the future, while focusing on the fact that the principle of operation will be based on the energy of the total gravitational field. This vacuum or ether energy. According to scientists, a perpetual motion machine must work continuously, generate energy, cause movement without any external influences.
Possible variants of a perpetual motion machine
Gravitational perpetual motion machine
The principle of operation of such an engine is based on the gravitational force of the universe. Since our entire Universe is filled with a cluster of stars, for complete rest and uniform motion Everything is in force balance. If you take and pull out one of the sections of stellar space, then the Universe will begin to actively move in order to equalize the balance and the average density. If use similar principle V gravity engine, then you can get an eternal source of energy. To date, no one has been able to build such an engine.
Magnetic gravity engine
It is possible to make this device with your own hands, it is enough to use a permanent magnet. Its principle is based on variable displacement around the main magnet auxiliary or other cargo. Due to the interaction of magnets with force fields, the approach of loads to the axis of rotation of the motor of one of the poles, and repulsion to the other pole. It is because of the constant displacement of the center of mass, the alternation of gravitational forces and the interaction of permanent magnets, that the eternal operation of the engine will be ensured.
If assembled magnetic engine works correctly, then you just need to push it, and it will begin to spin up to top speed. In order to assemble a magnetic perpetual motion machine with your own hands, you must have a material and technical base; without it, it is impossible to assemble such a device. Therefore, if you are new to this matter, then you should consider lighter and simple options perpetual motion machines. To make such an engine with your own hands, you must have magnets, as well as loads of certain parameters and sizes.
Modern amateur craftsmen have developed a simple version of the perpetual motion machine. For this you need have the following materials:
- plastic bottle;
- pieces of wood;
- thin tubes.
A plastic bottle is cut horizontally and a wooden partition is inserted. All equipment inside must be vertical from top to bottom. Then, a thin tube is mounted, which will pass from the bottom to the top of the bottle, passing through the partition. To avoid passage inside the air, all voids between plastic bottle and the tree needs to be filled.
At the bottom you need cut a small hole and provide a way to close it. Liquid (gasoline or freon) is poured into this hole to the level of the tube cut, while it should not reach the wooden partition. When the bottom of the bottle is tightly closed, a little of the same liquid is poured through the top and tightly corked. The entire fabricated structure is placed in a warm place until the tube starts dripping from above.
Such an engine will work according to the following principle: due to the fact that the air layer is surrounded on all sides by liquid, the heat from it will act on the liquid. It will evaporate and go to the air gap. The forces of gravity will help the vapors turn into condensate and return back to the liquid. A wheel is installed under the two tubes, which will rotate under the influence of condensate drops. The gravitational field of the Earth will provide energy for constant movement.
This option is available to everyone. For his work You will need a pump and two containers: one big, the other smaller. The pump must not use any energy carriers. The device is made like this:
- take the flask with the bottom check valve and G - shaped thin tube;
- this tube is inserted into the flask through a hermetic stopper;
- The pump will pump water from one tank to another.
All engine operation will be provided by atmospheric pressure.
Mechanical perpetual motion machine
The most ideal option for a perpetual unit is a mechanical one. Its main task is to provide constant, smooth operation and helping people on a grand scale.
Above mechanical types products, many craftsmen worked, offered their projects, each of them was based on the principle of difference specific gravity of mercury and water.
Hydraulic perpetual motion machine
The idea of a perpetual motion machine was given to man by the machines of the last century: pumps, water wheels, mills that worked only on the energy of water and wind.
If you use a water wheel in open space, then there is always a threat of a decrease in the water level, which will negatively affect the operation of the entire system. This gave the researchers the idea to put the water wheel in a closed cycle. In order to build a water perpetual apparatus with your own hands, you must have the following materials: a wheel, a water pump, a tank.
The device works as follows: the load is smoothly lowered, and the tub rises, the pump valve rises with it, water enters the vessel. Then the water enters the tank, the damper opens in it, and the water is again poured into the tub through the installed faucet. Thanks to the attached rope, the tub can rise and fall under the weight of the water. The wheel that is inside makes only oscillatory movements.
In order to build an eternal device with your own hands, today is presented a large number of instructions, videos. However, only a conscious understanding of the essence of this device and its capabilities can consider a convenient and simple option, and try to assemble it yourself. This device can facilitate the participation of a person in many life situations, make it energetically independent of external media.
