Diesel engines for trucks and tractors. Spare parts, adjustments and repairs.
________________________________________________________________
The power supply and lubrication system of the YaMZ-236 diesel engine
The power supply system (fuel system) of the YaMZ-236 engine and its components
The fuel supply equipment of the YaMZ-236 diesel power system of Ural, Maz vehicles, the T-150 tractor is of a divided type.
The fuel system of the YaMZ-236 diesel engine consists of a high-pressure fuel pump with an all-mode speed controller and a built-in corrector for adjusting the fuel supply, a fuel priming pump, an injection advance clutch or without it, injectors, coarse and fine fuel filters, low and high pressure fuel lines .
Fig.31. Diagram of the YaMZ-236 diesel power system
A - suction line; B - low pressure; C - high pressure; D-draining excess fuel into the tank; 1 - coarse fuel filter; 2 – high pressure fuel pump; 3– fuel fine filter; 4-nozzle; 5–spray nozzle; 6–fuel priming pump; 7 - fuel tank
From the tank, through the coarse filter, the fuel is sucked in by the fuel priming pump of the engine of the Ural, Maz, T-150 tractors and fed to the fine filter and then to the high-pressure fuel pump.
The fuel pump, in accordance with the order of operation of the cylinders, supplies fuel through the high pressure fuel lines to the injectors, which spray it into the engine cylinders.
Through the bypass valve in the fuel pump and the jet in the fine filter, excess fuel, and with it the air that has entered the system, is discharged through the fuel line to the fuel tank. The fuel that has leaked into the cavity of the nozzle spring is discharged through the drain pipe into the tank.
Coarse fuel filter ICE YaMZ-236
The coarse fuel filter YaMZ-236 (Fig. 32) consists of a cover 5, a cap 7 and a filter element 8. The cap and the cover are connected by four bolts 2. The seal between them is provided by a rubber gasket 6. The cap has a drain plug 9 with a gasket 10.
The filter element is a fleecy cotton cord wound on a mesh frame. The filter element is tightly clamped at the ends between the cover and the bottom of the cap. The hole in the cover, closed with a plug 4 with a gasket 3, serves to fill the filter with fuel.
Fig.32. Diesel fuel coarse filter YaMZ-236
1-spring washer; 2-bolt; 3–plug gasket; 4-cork; 5 - cover; 6–cap gasket; 7-cap; 8-filter element; 9–drain plug; 10–drain plug gasket
Replacing the coarse fuel filter element YaMZ-236
Drain sediment from filter. Unscrew four bolts 1 (Fig. 33) fastening the filter cap 8 to the cover 5, remove the filter cap and remove the old filter element 7.
Rinse the inside of the cap thoroughly with clean gasoline or diesel fuel.
Put a new element 7 and gasket 6 into the groove of the cover, install the cap, and, making sure that the gasket is in the correct (without displacement), carefully tighten the bolts 1 fastening the cap to the cover.
In case of difficult access to the filter, in order to exclude cases of gasket displacement, it is allowed to lubricate the gasket on the cover side at several points with grease before installation.
Unscrew plug 3, pour clean fuel into the filter and tighten the plug carefully.
Start the engine and check that the filter is tight. Tighten the bolts to eliminate the air leak.
Fig.33. Diesel fuel coarse filter YaMZ-236
1–fastening bolt; 2 - washer; 3-cork; 4–plug gasket; 5 - cover; 6 - gasket; 7-filter element; 8-cap; 9 drain plug
Diesel fuel fine filter YaMZ-236
The fuel fine filter for Ural, Maz cars, T-150 tractor (Fig. 34) consists of a cap 5 with a rod 6 welded to it, a cover 8 and a filter element 4.
From below, a drain plug 1 with a gasket 2 is screwed into the rod. The seal between the cap and the cover is provided by a paronite gasket 7. The cap with the cover is connected by a bolt 12, under the head of which a sealing washer 13 is placed.
The replaceable filter element is pressed against the cover by spring 3. From the end surfaces, the filter element is sealed with gaskets.
Fig.34. Fuel fine filter for YaMZ-236 engine
1 drain plug; 2-drain plug gasket; 3-spring; 4-filter element; 5-cap; 6-rod; 7-cap gasket; 8-lid; 9-cork; 10-jet gasket; 11.15-valve jet; 12-bolt; 13-gasket; 14-filter element gasket.
A jet 12 is screwed into the cover, which is sealed with a gasket 10. Part of the fuel is drained through the jet along with the air that has entered the low pressure system.
On the engines of Ural, Maz cars, tractor T-150, equipped with an electric torch device, instead of a jet, a jet valve 15 is installed in the filter.
With a low pressure in the system, which can be observed during engine start-up, fuel is not drained, and the supply of fuel to the EFU improves.
Replacing the element of the fuel fine filter ICE YaMZ-236
Drain sediment from filter.
Unscrew bolt 5 (Fig. 35) fastening the cap.
Remove cap 10 and remove old filter element 8.
Rinse the inner surfaces of the cap with gasoline or clean diesel fuel.
Put the spring 9 into the cap 10, the filter element 8 (with the smaller hole down), install the rubber gasket on the upper flange of the element.
Fig.35. Fuel fine filter YaMZ-236
1 - gasket; 2 - cover; 3 - jet gasket; 4 - jet; 5 - bolt; 6 - washer of the fastening bolt; 7 - cap gasket; 8 - filter element; 9 - spring, 10 - cap; 11 - drain plug gasket; 12 - drain plug; 13 - cork
Put the washer 6 of the mounting bolt and the gasket 7 of the cap, install the cap with the element in place and carefully tighten the bolt 5.
To drain the sludge from the coarse and fine fuel filters, unscrew the drain plugs by 3-4 turns and drain 0.1 liters of fuel into the substituted dishes.
After draining the sludge plugs, wrap and start the engine for 3-4 minutes to remove air pockets. Draining the sludge is especially important in winter to remove condensed water.
Fuel lines of the YaMZ-236 engine
To supply fuel to the pump and injectors, as well as to remove its excess, the YaMZ-236 engine of Ural, Maz vehicles, and the T-150 tractor has a system of low and high pressure fuel lines.
Low-pressure fuel lines are connected with hollow bolts or union nuts through lugs attached to the ends of the fuel lines. The contact surfaces are sealed with copper washers 1.5 mm thick.
High pressure fuel lines YaMZ-236 have the same length for all engine cylinders. The ends of the fuel lines are upset in the shape of a cone and are pressed with union nuts to the fittings of the high-pressure fuel pump and injectors. To avoid breakage of fuel lines from vibration, they must be secured with special brackets.
The order of operation of the sections for different models of high-pressure fuel pumps is different, therefore, the schemes for connecting the high-pressure fuel lines of the sections of the high-pressure fuel pump and the injectors of the engine cylinders are different.
Lubrication system of the YaMZ-236 diesel engine
The lubrication system of the YaMZ-236 engine for Ural, Maz cars, the T-150 tractor is mixed, with a “wet” sump (Fig. 36).
The YaMZ-236 oil pump (Fig. 37) sucks oil from the crankcase through a suction pipe with an intake and supplies it to the system through a series-connected liquid-oil heat exchanger (if any).
Fig.36. Scheme of the lubrication system of the YaMZ-236 engine with a single-section oil pump and a liquid-oil heat exchanger
1-oil crankcase; 2-oil intake; 3-oil pump; 4-reducing valve; 5 – liquid-oil heat exchanger; 6 - oil filter; 7-bypass valve; 8-signal lamp of the filter; 9 – centrifugal oil filter; 10–camshaft; 11–axis pushers; 12– crankshaft; 13–differential valve; 14–piston cooling nozzle; 15- throttle; 16-turbocharger; 17 – bypass valve of the heat exchanger; 18 – fan drive switch; 19 – fan drive; 20-TNVD
A bypass valve is installed in the body of the heat exchanger (plate). If the pressure difference before and after the heat exchanger reaches 274 ± 40 Kpa (2.8 ± 0.40 kgf / cm2), the valve opens and part of the oil is supplied directly to the oil line.
On the YaMZ-236N, B engines of the Ural, Maz cars, the T-150 tractor, instead of a throttle, a valve is installed that stops the oil supply to the nozzles when the oil pressure in the lubrication system is below 300 ... 350 kPa (3.0 ... 3.5 kgf / cm2).
The other part enters the oil filter (Fig. 38). A bypass valve is installed in the filter housing.
When the pressure difference before and after the filter reaches 200 ... 250 kPa (2.0 ... 2.5 kgf / cm2), the valve opens and part of the crude oil is supplied directly to the oil line. By the time the bypass valve starts to open, the movable and fixed contacts of the signaling device will close.
At this moment, a signal light connected to the signaling device terminal lights up in the driver's cab. Such an increase in pressure can occur when the filter element is clogged or the oil has a high viscosity (for example, when starting the engine in the cold season).
Fig.37. Oil pump of the YaMZ-236 engine
1-intermediate gear; 2-axis of the intermediate gear; 3-shaft-gear leading; 4-case cover; 5–driven pinion shaft; 6-body; 7– drive gear; 8-key; 9–thrust flange; 10 fitting (only present on engines without oil-water heat exchanger); eleven-
pressure reducing valve
The filter element of the YaMZ-236 oil filter is made either from non-woven material stretched over a metal frame, or from special filter paper.
From the filter, the oil enters the central oil channel, and from there through the channel system in the block to the bearings of the crankshaft and camshaft.
From the bearings of the YaMZ-236 crankshaft through the oil channels in the crankshaft and connecting rods, oil is supplied to the bearings of the upper heads of the connecting rods.
From the camshaft of the YaMZ-236 diesel engine of the Ural, Maz cars, the T-150 tractor, the oil is sent in a pulsating flow to the axis of the pushers, and from there it goes through the channels of the pushers, the cavities of the rods and rocker arms to all the rubbing pairs of the valve drive, and through the outer pipe to the turbocharger bearings , speed controller and high pressure fuel pump.
Fig.38. Engine oil filter YaMZ-236
1 – filter housing; 2–cap gasket; 3-lock cover; 4 – filter cap; 5 – filter element; 6 – cap head; 7–filter element gasket; 8 - valve plunger; 9–valve spring; 10 – alarm spring; 11 – movable contact of the signaling device; 12-fixed contact; 13-terminal
Under pressure, the bearing of the intermediate gear of the oil pump drive is also lubricated. Gears for drive units, camshaft cams, rolling bearings, cylinder liners are splash lubricated.
A pressure reducing valve is installed in the YaMZ-236 pump housing, which bypasses the oil back into the crankcase at a pressure at the pump outlet over: 700 ... 800 (7.0 ... 8.0 kgf / cm 3);
To stabilize the pressure, a differential valve is included in the lubrication system of the YaMZ-236 engine, adjusted to the beginning of the opening: 520 ... 560 kPa (5.2 ... 5.6 kgf / cm).
The YaMZ-236 centrifugal oil filter (Fig. 39) is connected in parallel after the oil filter and passes up to 10% of the oil passing through the lubrication system. The purified oil is drained into the crankcase. Additional centrifugal oil cleaning is also carried out in the cavities of the connecting rod journals of the crankshaft.
Fig.39. Centrifugal oil filter YaMZ-236
1-filter cap; 2, 7 - washers; 3-cap nut; 4–rotor fastening nut; 5-thrust washer; 6–rotor nut; 8, 14 – rotor bushings; 9 – rotor cap; 10-rotor; 11-reflector; 12 - sealing ring; 13–cap gasket; 15–rotor axis; 16 – filter housing; 17–rotor nozzle; A - from a pressurized system; B - draining oil into the crankcase
The radiator section of the YaMZ-236 two-section oil pump supplies oil to the air-oil heat exchanger (VMT) installed on the machine. The oil cooled in the heat exchanger is drained into the crankcase.
The safety valve of the YaMZ-236 radiator section of Ural, Maz cars, T-150 tractor opens at a pressure at the outlet of the pump over 100 ... 130 kPa (1.0 ... 1.3 kgf / cm2).
On engines with TDC, a single-section oil pump can be used with oil flow separation at TDC through a throttle with a safety valve of 100 ... 130 kPa (1.0 ... 1.3 kgf / cm2). Oil pressure control is carried out in the central oil channel.
Viscosity classes of oils SAE-SAEj 300 are given in brackets
Oils for engines without turbocharging (Group of oils YaMZ-1-97)
| Oil brand | Standard number | Manufacturer |
|---|---|---|
|
M-10-G2(k) M-8-G2(k) |
GOST 8581-78 |
Norsi JSC, Ryazan Oil Refinery JSC, Shaumyan Plant JSC, Slavneft-Yaroslavnefteorgsintez JSC, Mendeleev Yaroslavl Oil Refinery JSC, LUKoil-Volgogradneftepererabotka LLC, Angarsk Petrochemical Company JSC |
|
M-10-G2(s) M-8-G2(s) |
TU 0253-077-00148636-96 amend. 12 |
OOO "LUKoil-Permnefteorgsintez" |
| GOST 10541-78 |
OAO "Norsi", OAO "UfaNeftekhim" |
|
| TU 0253-011-00151742-95 |
JSC "Kremenchug Oil Refinery" |
|
|
Slavol M-3042U (M-10-G2u) Slavol M-2042U (M-8-G2u) |
TU U 13932946.015-96 |
NPP "Additives" |
|
Lukoil Standard SAE 10W-30, AR SF/CC |
TU 0253-072-00148636-95 amend. 1-8 |
OOO "LUKoil-Permnefteorgsintez" |
Note: For engines without turbocharging, it is allowed to use oils of the YaMZ-2-97 - YaMZ-5-06 groups with a doubled change period.
Oils for uprated turbocharged engines (Group of oils YaMZ-2-97 ~ YaMZ-3-02)
| Oil brand | Standard number | Manufacturer |
|---|---|---|
|
M-10-D2(m) M-8-D2(m) |
GOST 8581-78 |
LUKoil-Permnefteorgsintez LLC, Shaumyan Plant OJSC, Slavneft-Yaroslavnefteorgsintez OJSC, Azmol JSC, Berdyansk Angarsk Petrochemical Company OJSC, Ryazan Oil Refinery OJSC, LUKoil-Volgogradneftepererabotka LLC |
|
Consol M-10-D2(m) Consol M-8-D2(m) |
GOST 8581-78 |
LLC "VIAL OIL", Moscow |
|
Omskoil-Turbo 2 (M-10-D2(m)) |
TU 38.301-19-110-97 amend. 1-4 |
OJSC "Omsk Oil Refinery" |
|
Sam-Oil-4126 M-10-D2(m) |
TU 38.301-13-008-97 |
OAO "Novokuibyshevsky Refinery" |
|
Sam-Oil-4127 M-6z/14-D(m) |
TU 38.301-13-008-97 |
OAO "Novokuibyshevsky Refinery" |
| TU 0253-075-00148636-99 rev. 1 |
LLC "NORSI", Kstovo |
|
|
LUKOIL-Super (SAE 15W-40, API CD/SF) M-5z/14D(m) |
TU 0253-004-00148599-00 with amend. 1 |
LLC "LUKoil-Volgogradneftepererabotka" |
| TU 38.401.642-87 |
JSC "Rosneft-MOPZ "Nefteprodukt" |
|
|
Castrol Formula RS Racing Syntec (SAE 20W-60, API SH/CF) |
- |
Castrol Central and Eastern Europe GmbH |
|
Titan GT (SAE 20W-50, API SG/CD) |
- | |
|
Titan Supersyn SL (SAE 5W-50, API CF/SI) |
- |
Fuchs Petrolub AG OEL + Chemie |
Note: For turbocharged engines, oils of the YaMZ-4-02, YaMZ-5-06 groups are allowed.
Oils for turbocharged engines that meet Euro-2 environmental standards (Group of oils YaMZ-4-02)
| Oil brand | Standard number | Manufacturer |
|---|---|---|
|
UTEK Superdiesel (SAE 10W-40, API CF-4/SG) M-4z/14-E UTEK Superdiesel (SAE 15W-40, API CF-4/SG) M-5z/14-E |
TU 0253-283-05742746-95 amend. 1 |
JSC "Angarsk petrochemical company" |
|
LUKOIL-Super (SAE 15W-40, API CF-4/SG) M-5z/14-E |
TU 0253-075-00148636-99 with amend. 1...6 |
OOO "LUKoil-Permnefteorgsintez" |
|
Rolls Turbo (SAE 15W-40, API СF-4/SF) М-5з/14-Е |
TU 38.301-41-185-99 |
OJSC "Ryazan Oil Refinery" |
|
LUKOIL-vanguard (SAE 15W-40, API СG-4/SJ) М-5з/14-Е |
TU 0253-102-00148636-00 with amend. 1...4 |
OOO "LUKoil-Permnefteorgsintez" |
|
Spectrol Champion (SAE 15W-40, API CF-4/SG) M-5z/14-E |
TU 0253-15-06913380-98 |
CJSC IG "Spektr-Avto", Moscow |
|
Essolube XT-4 (SAE 15W-40, API CF-4/CF) |
- |
ExxonMobil |
|
Consol Titanium Transit (SAE 15W-40, API СF-4/SG) М-5з/14-Е |
TU 0253-007-17280618-2000 |
LLC "VIAL OIL", Moscow |
|
Shell Rimula D (SAE 10W-30, API CF-4/SG) |
- |
Shell East Europe Co. |
|
Shell Rimula D (SAE 15W-40, API CF-4/SG) |
- |
Shell East Europe Co. |
|
VNII NP M-5z/16-D2 |
TU 38.401-58-309-2002 |
JSC "Rosneft MOPZ "Nefteprodukt" |
|
Ravenol Turbo-Plus SHPD (SAE 15W-40, API CI-4/CH-4/CF/SL) |
- |
Ravensberger Schmierstoffvertrieb GmbH, Deutschland |
|
LUKOIL-Diesel (SAE 10W-40, API СF-4/SG) М-5з/14-Е |
TU 38.601-07-38-2002 |
OAO "LUKoil-Nizhegorodnefteorgsintez" |
Note: For YaMZ engines that meet Euro-2 environmental standards, it is allowed to use motor oils of the following groups: a) YaMZ-5-06, b) YaMZ-2-97 ... YaMZ-3-02 with a change period half as long as for oils group YaMZ-4-02.
Approximate correspondence of the level of performance properties of oils according to different classifications*
Note: STO AAI 003-98 - Standard of the Association of Automotive Engineers of the Russian Federation "Motor oils for automobile engines. Classification, designation and technical requirements". * GOST 17479.1-85 - Standard "Motor oils. Classification and designation". *API - American Petroleum Institute.
The product that glorified the enterprise and brought it to the leaders of the diesel industry in Russia is the YaMZ 236 engine. This unit has been rolling off the assembly line of the plant for more than fifty years, and, despite this, is still in demand and popular. YaMZ 236 engine, a common power plant in our country and in the CIS countries. The motor is used for installation on trucks, tractors, combines, more than ten modifications of the unit have been developed. Such a need for a unit is simply explained: versatility, reliability, simplicity and survivability, here is the recipe for longevity of YaMZ 236.
Ural 4320 with installed YaMZ 236 unit:
Start
The birth of the power plant began in the fifties of the last century. The plant in Yaroslavl received an order from the state to create powerful diesel units. The designers were tasked with developing a universal engine that can be used on cars, tractors and for other needs.
A talented designer undertook the development of the installation, and the scientist Chernyshev G.D. Under his leadership, the history of the famous YaMZ 236 engine and other series of diesel units began. Thanks to the course for a massive transition from gasoline to diesel, the power unit quickly spread throughout the Soviet Union. The new unit was economical, reliable, easy to maintain. The installation was valued for its affordability in terms of the price of spare parts and an increased resource, which made it possible to overcome 500,000 km of run.
Chernyshev Georgy Dmitrievich (born 1923-1999) developer of YaMZ 236:
Description
The power unit was highly appreciated and trusted by users. Largely due to the fact that the YaMZ 236 engine has such technical characteristics that confirm statements about its versatility. The engine is six-cylinder, the angle of inclination between the cylinders is 90 °, the arrangement of the chambers is parallel, in two rows. During operation, an internal pressure of 16.5 atmospheres is created. The fuel mixture is supplied by injection into the combustion chamber. The cross section of the piston is 130mm, the stroke of the product is 140mm. The pressure of the fuel is created by a high-pressure fuel pump, the operation of the pump is carried out by mechanics, the injection of the working mixture into each cylinder occurs with the help of sprayers. There are three intake and three exhaust valves per block head. Cooling with liquid, the circulation of which in the product is forced, by a water pump driven by the crankshaft. The total volume of the cylinders of the unit is eleven liters, the generated power varies from 150 to 420 horsepower. After a little refinement and tuning of the engine, the fuel consumption of the installation was 25 liters per hundred kilometers, while earlier this figure was forty liters. The unit block is made of cast iron, although the latest models actively use aluminum as a material.
HTZ T150 tractor with installed YaMZ 236 unit:
Specifications YaMZ 236
During production, the basic model of the power unit served as the basis for the creation of various types of modifications, the number of which exceeds fifteen pieces. The parameters of the basic model are presented in the table.
Basic characteristics of the YaMZ 236 engine:
| clarification | Index |
| Manufacturer | PJSC "Avtodiesel" |
| Release period | 1958 - present day |
| Fuel | Diesel |
| Unit power | direct injection |
| How many bars | 4 |
| Assembly Block Alloy | Cast iron or aluminum |
| Number of positive displacement chambers (pcs.), location | "v6" |
| Valve, total (pieces) | 36 |
| Engine size YaMZ 236 | 11,15 |
| The order of operation of the YaMZ 236 engine | 1,5,4,2,6,3 |
| Positive displacement chamber, diameter, mm | 130 |
| Distance between the extreme positions of the piston, millimeters | 140 |
| Supercharger space ratio: top/bottom | 17,5 |
| The volume of oil in the YaMZ 236 engine (l) | 24 |
| Power of the unit (hp) | 150 to 420 |
| Rotating impulse (Nm) | From 667 to 1275 |
| Compliance with environmental indicators | "Euro - 2 - 1 - 0" |
| The mass of the YaMZ 236 engine in its pure form, kg | From 820 to 1010 |
| Weight of the unit with a hinged kit, kg | 880 to 1070 |
| The weight of the YaMZ 236 engine in a complete set, kg | From 1170 to 1385 |
Power unit YaMZ 236: cylinder block
Varieties and operation
The number of power plants developed and produced since the first unit rolled off the assembly line is a large number, classification according to environmental standards facilitates the process.
- Unit YaMZ 236M2 (Euro 0).
The power units of the modification are produced naturally, comply with Euro 0 standards. The motors are mounted on: walking escalators, ships, converters and other installations. The YaMZ 236M2 engine has basic characteristics similar to the base model. The differences are in the attachments.
Power unit YaMZ 236M2 (Euro 0):
- The power unit "Euro 1".
Euro 1 and Euro 2 power units refer to products that include a turbine, an intercooler and a heat exchanger. The YaMZ 236 turbo engine managed to improve technical characteristics, power, depending on the configuration, 230 - 250 hp. Improved design and turbine have improved emissions to the atmosphere, power plants comply with regulation 96 on the emission of harmful substances.
Like atmospheric engines, turbine options can be equipped with a variable gearbox, clutch and various attachments. Depending on the attachment, the weight of the modifications can vary significantly from each other. Motors are used on cars, platforms, cranes, compressors and other equipment. A significant plus units, reduced fuel consumption.
Euro 1 modifications:
Power unit YaMZ 236 ND (Euro 1):
- Unit 236NE2 (Euro 2).
The basic characteristics of the power unit are identical to the characteristics of a motor that meets the requirements of Euro 1. The difference between the 236NE2 engine series is compliance with rules No. 49; No. 24-03 Euro2. Power plants are used in transport, the operation of which is associated with difficult conditions. These include: equipment "Ural", "MAZ", "ZIL", multi-seat transport for the transport of passengers.
Power unit YaMZ 236 NE (Euro 2):
YaMZ 236 engine adjustment
It is difficult to set up the unit in the field, since special equipment must be available to carry out the disassembly and assembly procedure. The setup procedure includes a large number of operations, the main manipulations include:
- Adjustment of the valves of the unit.
The operation is carried out using a special probe, which is used only for YaMZ 236 power plants. The peculiarity is that the process proceeds with the valve cover removed. - Unit clutch balancing.
The adjustment operation takes place using a special stand. - Adjusting the fuel supply through the high pressure fuel pump of the unit.
The work is carried out in a place specially designated for this, since the mechanism is regulated only with the help of a special tool, which is difficult to find outside the station servicing the unit.
Care
The power unit has a simple device, so servicing the motor is not difficult. To carry out work, it is necessary to read the instructions for the engine in order to know the nuances that arise during the operation. It is also desirable to study the scheme of mechanisms and nodes with which it is planned to work. The main types of manipulations:
- Changing the oil in the unit. The lubrication system of the base power unit includes about 24 liters of oil. The replacement procedure is simple, just drain the old fluid and fill in new grease. The oil recommended for use in a 236 engine is M10G2K diesel grease, or similar oils. The replacement procedure is carried out after every 8-10 thousand kilometers.
YaMZ 236 power unit: M10G2K oil
- Replacing unit filters. The power unit is equipped with filter elements that must be changed every 10,000 km. This is done in order to maintain the operability of the technical installation, extending the service life of the latter. The filter elements include: elements for coarse and fine fuel cleaning, air filters and other filters in accordance with the engine configuration.
YaMZ 236 power unit: air filter element
- Cleaning by blowing the nozzles that supply fuel to the combustion chamber of the unit.
Power unit YaMZ 236: atomizer
- In case of fluid leakage from the unit, replace the oil pan seals and cylinder head covers.
- Replacement, adjustment, tightening of the unit belts.
YaMZ 236 engine
Characteristics of YaMZ-236
| Production | "Autodiesel" Yaroslavl Motor Plant |
| Engine brand | 236 |
| Release years | 1962-present |
| Block material | cast iron |
| engine's type | diesel |
| Configuration | V-shaped |
| Number of cylinders | 6 |
| Valves per cylinder | 2 |
| Piston stroke, mm | 140 |
| Cylinder diameter, mm | 130 |
| Compression ratio | 16.5 |
| Engine volume, cc | 11150 |
| Engine power, hp / rpm | 150/1700 165/1800 175/2100 180/2100 185/2000 185/1900 195/2100 210/1900 230/2100 230/2100 250/2000 250/2000 |
| Torque, Nm/rpm | -/- 736/1200-1400 667/1300-1500 667/1250-1450 716/1300-1500 833/1200-1400 716/1200-1400 882/1200-1400 882/1200-1400 882/1100-1300 1030/1200-1400 1078/1100-1300 |
| Environmental regulations | Euro 0 Euro 1 Euro 2 |
| Turbocharger | TKR 90 |
| Engine weight, kg | 950 (turbo) |
| Fuel consumption at a speed of 60 km/h, l/100 km (for URAL 4320) | 35 |
| Oil consumption, % of fuel consumption, up to | 0.5 0.2 (Euro 2) |
| Engine oil: -in summer -in winter (less than +5°С) |
M-10-G2k M-8-G2k |
| How much oil is in the engine, l | 21 (atmospheric) 24 (turbocharged) |
| Oil change is carried out, hours | 500 1000 (Euro 2) |
| Dimensions, mm: - length - width - height |
1276 1045 1100 |
| Engine resource, hours - according to the plant - on practice |
8000+ - |
| The engine was installed | Differences between YaMZ 236 engines1. YaMZ-236A - a model without a turbine based on 236M2, differs in a 60-40 pump, an oil sump, a crankshaft pulley. This motor is designed for Euro-0 standards. Power 195 hp at 2100 rpm, torque 716 Nm at 1200-1400 rpm. The motor is on MAZ-5336, 5432, 5434, 5516, 6303. Ecological class - Euro-1. 4. YaMZ-236BE2 - improved 236BE for Euro-2. New liners (protrusion above the block surface 1.6 mm), pistons, piston pins and connecting rods (all from 7511) are used here. In addition, Euro-2 engines have grooved heads, their own camshaft, injection pump 133-30 (324-20 for 236BE2-14), injectors 267. The power is the same, and the torque is increased to 1078 Nm at 1100-1300 rpm. The resource remains unchanged. You can find such an internal combustion engine on MAZ-5336, 5432, 5434, 5516, 6303; MZKT-8022, Ural-4320, BZKT-8027, KrAZ-6505 and 6510. 5. YaMZ-236BK - combine version 236BE. Power 250 hp at 2000 rpm, torque 1030 Nm at 1100-1300 rpm. Combines with such a power plant: Acros 530 and Yenisei 860. 6. YaMZ-236G - atmospheric modification, similar to 236M2, but with a fuel pump 601 and with a different pump. Ecology corresponds to Euro-0. Unit power 150 hp at 1700 rpm. Service life - 8000 hours. Installed it on EO-33211, 4225; DU-84, 85, 101; VEKS-20K, DZ-122B, GS-14.02, TVEKS ET-25-80, VPM ML-119A. 7. YaMZ-236D - aspirated with a pump 60-30 for Euro-0. This is the tractor version 236M2, its power is 175 hp. at 2100 rpm, torque 667 Nm at 1300-1500 rpm. Motor resource - 8000 hours. You can find this motor under the hood of the T-150, KhTZ-17221, RTM-160, OrTZ-150, GS-14.02 and 18.05. 8. YaMZ-236DK - combine version 236M2 with injection pump 608. Power 185 hp at 2000 rpm, torque 716 Nm at 1300-1500 rpm. Ecological class - Euro-0, and resource - 8000 hours. Installed it on the Yenisei-950, 954, 957, 959, 1200; KS-65, T-11.01, CHETRA 121. 9. YaMZ-236M2 - the main naturally aspirated engine with a power of 180 hp. at 2100 rpm, with a torque of 667 Nm at 1250-1450 rpm. This is a Euro-0 motor with a 60-30 pump and a resource of 25,000 hours. They put it on MAZ-5337, 5433, 5551; Ural-4320 and 5557; KS-4372, KS-5871, V138, TS-10, E30, EO-5119, DU-84, 85, 101; DZ-122, Kraneks EK 270, ET26, PV-10/8M1, NV-10/8M2, AD60. 10. YaMZ-236N - 230 hp turbocharged engine. at 2100 rpm, torque 882 Nm at 1200-1400 rpm. A TKR-90 turbine, a 604 pump, 261 fuel injectors, own pistons, oil injectors, and Euro-0 ecology are installed here. The motor is similar to YaMZ-236B. Motor resource - 10000 hours. This internal combustion engine was installed on ChTZ B10M, BKK-1, PK-1. 11. YaMZ-236NE - a turbo engine for Euro-1, an analogue of 236N, but with a liquid-oil heat exchanger, with a different oil pump and pump, with high-pressure fuel pump 604-10 (323-11 for 236NE-6, -18, -24). Its power and torque is similar to YaMZ236N. Technically, the motor is analogous to YaMZ-236BE. Cars with this engine: MAZ-104, 4219, 5256, 5277, 5336, 5432, 5551; Volzhanin 5270, LiAZ-5256, LAZ-5207, 5252. 12. YaMZ-236NE2 - an analogue of 236BE2, but here the injection pump is 324-10 (133-20 on models 236NE2-3, -8, -14, -18, -30, -33, -36, -38). Power reduced to 230 hp at 2100 rpm, torque 882 Nm at 1100-1300 rpm. Resource - 800 thousand km. You can meet such a modification on Ural-3255, 4320, 4420, 5557; MAZ-5336, 5337, 5432, 5433, 5551, 5554; LAZ-5252, LiAZ-5256, Volzhanin-5270, Neman-5201. 13. YaMZ-236NB - a model created on the basis of 236NE, power is reduced to 165 hp. at 1800 rpm, torque 736 Nm at 1200-1400 rpm. It has its own crankshaft pulley, pump, pump 605-10, the intake has been modified. Installed on CHETRA T9. 14. YaMZ-236ND - modified 236NE for tractors and combines, differs in a different crankshaft pulley, its own fan, pump 605-20. Power 210 hp at 1900 rpm, torque 882 Nm at 1200-1400 rpm. There is an engine on the Vector combine and the ChTZ T10M tractor. 15. YaMZ-236NK - a turbo engine for Euro-1, developed on the basis of the same 236NE. A 605-30 pump, another oil sump, and its own crankshaft pulley are installed here. Power 185 hp at 1900 rpm, torque 833 Nm at 1200-1400 rpm. This is a tractor engine and they put it on the T-150, KhTZ-181 and KhTZ-17222. Malfunctions YaMZ-236This motor is a copy of the 238th, but without two cylinders, the problems of these motors are the same: it also heats up, speeds can float or the motor does not develop them, there are knocks or the engine starts to stall, etc. The causes of all these malfunctions are described. Engine numberLook for the markings in the flywheel area, under the intake manifold, as on the YaMZ-238. |
