When independently performing a change in the location of the wheels on the machine, it must be remembered that the scheme for their rearrangement depends on.
Why do you need to change wheels
For each car, regardless of whether it is front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive or has all-wheel drive, the tires of the wheels located on the drive axle wear out more intensively than on the free one.
Having ensured uniform wear of their protectors, it is possible only by periodically rotating the wheels of the car.
For most cars, this procedure is recommended to be performed every 10 thousand kilometers.
Wheel rotation methods
For tires with a directional tread pattern, changing wheels is done by swapping the right front wheel with the right rear wheel, and the left front wheel with the left rear wheel.
As for all other wheels, some sources outline their rotation schemes separately for front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive and all-wheel drive types of cars.
It is not clear why complicate something that can actually be done easily and simply?
Moreover, this way of rearranging the wheels is universal and does not depend on the type of drive of the machine.
It is performed as follows:
1. The left front wheel is installed in place of the right rear;
2. The right front is installed in place of the left rear wheel;
3. The left rear wheel is installed in place of the left front;
4. Right rear - in place of the right front wheel.
However, this is exactly the case when it is better to see once ...
Good luck to you! Not a nail, not a wand!
To ensure even wear tires it is recommended to perform every 5-10 thousand km of run rearrangement of wheels in a specific pattern:
wheel shift diagram
To perform this operation, prepare a jack, a tire spatula, a combination wrench for fastening the wheels and special stops for the wheels.
Please note: when performing the operation, remember that when removing the front wheel, the stop must be placed under the opposite rear wheel; when you remove the rear - under the opposite front.
This is necessary so that the car does not budge. In addition, for greater reliability, before starting the operation, put the car on the handbrake and engage first gear.
Once you have taken all the precautions listed above, you can proceed to rearrangement of wheels.
The process for performing this operation is as follows:
- remove the spare wheel from the trunk and place it near the right rear wheel;
- set the stop under the front left wheel;
- with a spatula for mounting tires, remove the decorative cap;
- use the combination wrench to loosen the wheel bolts;
- install a jack in the socket at the right rear wheel and use it to raise the car until the wheel is 20-30 mm off the ground;
- unscrew the four wheel bolts and put them in the cap, which will eliminate the contamination of the bolts and accidental deformation of the thread;
- remove the right rear wheel, and instead install a spare one and tighten the wheel bolts. It should be remembered that it is desirable to wrap the bolts in a certain way.
- Tighten one bolt by hand while rocking the wheel radially. Then tighten the opposite bolt in the same way, etc.
- In the same way, tighten all the bolts with a combination wrench;
- lower the car with a jack.
Now you can tighten the bolts to failure with a combination wrench.
Remember! When tightening the wheel bolts, never use leverage, leg force, or excessive hand force.
The fact is that the tightening torque of the bolts should not exceed 7 kgf m. The easiest way is to control the tightening force with a torque wrench, but if you don’t have such a wrench at hand, then when unscrewing the bolts, try to feel and remember the effort with which they were wrapped.
We must not forget that tightening the bolts with a force exceeding 7 kgf m can lead to disk deformation, which in turn will lead to wheel beating, and, consequently, discomfort (vibration) and intense rubber wear.
It must be recalled that wheel swapping is relevant only for those cars that have one drive (rear, in the case of old vases).
All-wheel drive cars, for example, almost all SUVs, do not need to rearrange the wheels, since the tread wear on all four wheels is almost the same (if the all-wheel drive mode is constantly on).
Car tire wear cannot flow evenly: Front tires tend to wear out much faster than rear tires. There are several reasons for this. Yes, most often the front axle of the car is loaded more than the back (mostly it accounts for about 60% of the mass of the car). The front tires are subject to wear when maneuvering and also wear due to non-zero settings. In addition, the type of drive of the car affects not least: the drive axle causes the tires to wear out faster. Due to the rotation (rearrangement) of the wheels, it is possible to achieve their more uniform wear and, as a result, service life extension.
There is another equally obvious benefit of wheel rotation: tires with the same depth provide a higher level of comfort and safety. This is especially important when it comes to difficult weather conditions. So, for example, most.
How to properly rotate wheels? It is perhaps better to build on the type of tires installed on your car.
Asymmetric non-directional tread pattern
The most popular type of civil tire tread at the moment is asymmetric. This, for example, has most models of the MICHELIN summer line, ranging from economical to sports. When installing asymmetric tires on wheels, it is necessary to combine face of the tire with the face of the rim: on the sidewalls for this there are inscriptions Outside and Inside (outer and inner side of the tire) and there is no arrow for the direction of rotation. The convenience of this type of tread is that the complete wheels can be interchanged in any way: the outer side of the tire will remain outer anyway. In this case, it is appropriate to use any of the rotation methods. Usually, the most suitable way to rearrange the wheels is indicated in the car's operating instructions, but if there is none on hand, then you can choose one of the methods we have proposed.
Method 1
The front left wheel changes with the rear right, and the front right with the rear left. This type of replacement is suitable for any type of vehicle drive and is most preferred for all-wheel drive vehicles.
Method 2
The rear wheels are moved to the front axle (the right rear wheel is put in place of the right front wheel, the left rear wheel is put in place of the left front wheel), while the front wheels are installed diagonally in place of the rear wheels (the right front wheel is put in place of the left rear wheel, the left front wheel is placed in place of the left front wheel). right rear seat). This method is suitable for cars with rear and all-wheel drive.
Method 3
The front wheels are installed in place of the rear wheels (the right front wheel is replaced by the right rear wheel, the left front wheel is replaced by the left rear wheel), and the rear wheels, in turn, are moved to the front axle diagonally (the right rear wheel is replaced by the left front wheel, the left rear - in place of the right front). This method is for front wheel drive vehicles.
Symmetric tread pattern
This type of tread is typical mainly for off-road and commercial tires. In the MICHELIN line, for example, tire models and. The rotation of tires with a symmetrical tread pattern is exactly the same as the method described above for asymmetric non-directional tires. There is only one difference in the operation of such tires: when assembling the wheels, it is not necessary to take into account the position of the outer and inner sides of the tire.
Symmetric directional tread pattern
Such tires are less and less common in summer tire lines and almost always in winter ones: the V-shaped tread allows you to most effectively remove water from the contact patch. So, in the MICHELIN model range, CrossClimate summer tires and a number of winter tires (, Latitude X-Ice 3, Alpin 5, etc.) have a directional tread pattern. Rotation with directional tires mounted on disks can be done in only one way: by changing the front and rear wheels in places, that is, the front left wheel in place of the rear left, the front right in place of the rear right.
Asymmetric directional tread pattern
As the name implies, in addition to the outer and inner side, the tire tread pattern has a directionality. This type of tire is used only in motorsport due to the inconvenience of use, high cost and lack of tangible benefits for civilian use. Rotation with such tires is carried out in the same way as in the case of symmetrical directional tires: the front and rear wheels of each side of the car change places with each other.
Tires of different sizes
Many sports cars are sometimes equipped with wheels of different sizes: the rear tires are usually wider and larger in diameter. If the tires have an asymmetric non-directional tread pattern, then the wheels on each of the axles can be interchanged, but if we are dealing with directional tires, then alas, the rotation of such wheels without tire fitting is impossible.
Wheel rotation with spare wheel
This type of rotation allows extend the life of the wheels by about 20%, but in reality this method is almost never used: many modern cars either do not have a spare tire in the trunk at all, or a small “stowaway” is used as its quality. And even if your car is equipped with a full-size spare wheel, in practice it most often differs in either tire model or wheel type. However, if the spare tire is completely identical to the wheels installed on the car, then rotation in this case can be extremely useful. For ease of changing wheels, the type of tread pattern should be either asymmetric non-directional or symmetrical non-directional. The rotation process in this case is no longer as obvious as in the previous methods.
Method 1
The front right wheel is removed in place of the spare wheel, the spare wheel is installed in place of the rear right wheel, the rear right wheel in place of the front left wheel, the front left wheel in place of the rear left wheel, and the rear left wheel in place of the front right wheel.
Method 2
The spare wheel is installed in place of the rear right wheel, the rear right wheel in place of the front right wheel, the front right wheel in place of the rear left wheel, the rear left wheel in place of the front left wheel, and the front left wheel, in turn, is removed in place of the spare wheel.
Wheel rotation frequency
The more often you change wheels, the tires will wear more evenly. But, since it is quite troublesome to do this too often, experts advise changing the wheels in places during the periodic one - when the car is somehow lifted onto the lift. Usually, mileage of 8-10 thousand km quite enough for the next rearrangement of the wheels: in such a simple way, you can not only prolong tire life but also to maintain the safety of movement at the proper level.
The cost of a set of tires for prestigious cars is quite high, so owners of premium cars seek to extend the life of tires. One of the proven ways to extend the life of tires due to uniform wear is to rotate the wheels. In order to do everything right, it is important to consider several important points.
Timing of the reshuffle
The main reference point for carrying out various preventive operations is the vehicle operating manual. It tells you when to change the wheels. The more often this operation is performed, the more evenly tires wear out.
But common sense dictates that it makes no sense to perform such prophylaxis on a weekly basis. Most manufacturers recommend changing the wheels after 10-20 thousand kilometers. The lower limit of this interval is relevant for those who constantly travel on bad roads or adhere to an aggressive, sporty driving style.
Other factors also increase wear: the condition of the suspension and steering, low tire pressure, and regular overloading of the machine. The upper limit is acceptable for lovers of careful driving and owners of high-quality branded tires.
It resists abrasion longer and is less likely to get damaged. It is very convenient to perform a rearrangement during a seasonal tire change. When removing a summer or winter set, before sending it to storage, make notes by which you can determine which axle and which side the wheels were on - PP, PL, ZP, ZL.
Is it necessary to change the wheels?
It may seem to some that rearranging tires is an extra operation. However, experienced car service employees advise not to neglect this preventive measure, because not only the timing of tire wear depends on it, but also safety on the road.
The fact is that the tread on the rear and front wheels is not erased the same way. When cornering, braking and complex maneuvers, the same zones are involved, and as a result, the tire loses its shape. If you don't want to throw away your tires because of abrasions in some areas, it's worth taking the opportunity to extend the life of your wheels.
Permutation schemes
Although manufacturers do not produce left or right tires separately, it is important to follow certain patterns when rotating. If you decide to rearrange the tires yourself, mark them before starting work so as not to be confused.
There are several common ways to rearrange tires. The choice depends on the drive axle and the type of rubber. For front-wheel drive cars, two options are used. In the first case, the rear wheels are rearranged to the front axle (left - to the left, right - to the right), and the front wheels to the rear. In this case, the left and right tires are swapped. The second scheme is a little more simple: the left rear wheel becomes the right front, the right rear becomes the left front, and vice versa.
So the tires are replaced diagonally. If your car has four-wheel drive or rear-wheel drive, the second of the above schemes can be used. Another option is to install the front wheels without changing sides back. The right rear will become the left front, the left rear will become the right front. Rubber, which has a directional tread pattern, is changed only along the axes, without changing sides. And if you have a set of different widths, you can only change the side: we swap the left and right tires on each axle.
When you notice that the tires are too worn out and changing the tires will not help, find a suitable replacement for them on the website https://megawheel.ru/. The catalog contains tires from the best European, Asian and American manufacturers, and a wide selection of sizes will allow you to choose a kit for any car or truck.
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