VAZ 2115 malfunction destination sensors. The main malfunctions of engine sensors

In order not to panic on the way, you need to know everything about the VAZ 2115 sensors, their purpose and malfunctions, and especially the novice driver. After all, they were invented by the developers not at all to make the lights flash beautifully, but to facilitate tracking the condition of the car. Meanwhile, most drivers are divided into 2 categories. The first one, having seen the lit "" believes that everything is lost, and begins to ask for a cable to fellow travelers.

The second serenely ignores the signals - they say, the engine is running, and the winking light is just a wedge in the electronic control unit. Both of them are wrong. If the system detects a failure in some sensor, this does not mean that the motor will fail right now.

Perhaps the contact was simply oxidized, and the problem can be fixed on the spot. But the signal can also indicate serious troubles that require an early visit to a car service. To decide on further actions, it is necessary to understand the readings of the instruments.

VAZ 2115 sensors, their purpose and malfunctions are quite easy to remember. It is also easy to determine the probable causes of the breakdown and decide what needs to be done.

Throttle position sensor

One of the most important in the series. Its readings determine many parameters of the engine:

• they are based on the calculation of the duration of the permissible fuel injection;
• TPS data underlie;
• they determine the mode of operation of the motor, acceleration and many other related parameters.
• On VAZs, the TPS is made in the form of a polymer film, on which a coating is made - graphite tracks, and a slider runs along them. The tracks have a clearly calculated resistance, and the stability of the sensor depends on the coherence of the system. However, the designers have not worked out something - either in the material or in the technology. As a result, TPS is the most frequently failing sensor. Most often, the track is wiped, and when the slider hits the “bald” area, trouble begins;
• When the gas pedal is stably held, the car twitches;
• The power of work drops noticeably;
• There are dips and sharp jerks during acceleration;
• There is virtually no engine braking.

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The control system easily detects a short circuit or open circuit, but is lost when it encounters floating signals. An erroneous perception of the situation leads to a blurry idling, the installation of a moderate and economical mode by the unit, which over time, overheating and a natural capital.

Actions: go to the service station slowly and sadly, immediately after the appearance of a problem.

Mass air flow sensor

Regulates the flow of air into the mixture. In normal mode, the throughput volume is 8-10 kg / h at idle and 28-32 kg / h at 3000 rpm. When the DMRV fails, we have:

• the motor frankly tupit;
• fuel consumption increases;
• problems of various kinds with the launch;
• sudden stops at higher power levels.

Actions: you should not call a tow truck, urgently rush to the service station - too. However, at the earliest opportunity, it is necessary to replace the sensor: emergency situations are not expected, but the engine wears out faster, and the fuel is burned on an off-design scale.

Phase sensor: Its readings set the angle of the camshaft position. In working condition, the nozzles open alternately, that is, only one works at a time. If the sensor breaks, the mode switches to pair-parallel, which consumes 10% more fuel. Actions: change in a free minute. If it does not fall out in any way, put up with a high consumption of gasoline.

crankshaft position sensor: The principle of operation is induction, the sensor gives an impulse when the crankshaft rotates. No signal - no engine operation, because the nozzles stop, there is no spark, the system cannot calculate the position of the shaft. The only sensor whose failure leaves the only way out is to call a tow truck. The good news is that DPKV fails extremely rarely.

Coolant temperature sensor: What it is responsible for is clear from the name. The failure of the DTOZH leads to the fact that the on-board computer considers the temperature of the engine to be zero and draws additional air into it. In cold weather, starting becomes difficult, warming up the engine is possible only with continuous gassing. In the heat, overheating is ignored, the lead angle is not corrected, the engine loses power, detonation begins in it.

The path is the road and any emergency or minor breakdown can be resolved on the spot if you know where the VAZ 2115 sensors are installed, their purpose, malfunctions and verification methods. The original VAZ injection engine appeared just on the Samara 2 family. For several years, the car wore out a nine carburetor engine, and since 2001, the entire line of the second Samaras was equipped with eight- and sixteen-valve injection engines.

Features of injection electronics

Starting from 2001, the Samara-2 model range was equipped with injection 8- and 16-valve engines

Despite the fact that the engine of the second Samara does not differ in complexity, sometimes it is difficult to figure it out, find out the symptoms and faults of incorrect operation. Especially when only a tester and a set of keys are at hand. But everything is possible. Therefore, in order to troubleshoot the electronics of the 2115th, it is first necessary to schematically understand the principle of operation of the engine control system.

Unlike carburetor engines, regardless of all the processes for monitoring and adjusting engine systems, they are at the mercy of electronics. The main element of the control system is the electronic engine control unit. It collects data on the state of each sensor, draws conclusions about the mode of operation of the engine in real time and regulates the amount of fuel and air supplied to the combustion chamber, the ignition timing, and even controls the degree of emission of harmful substances in the exhaust.

For the entire time of production, and this is almost from 1997 to 2012, the car has changed several engines and several electronic control units - January, Bosch, Itelma. However, the set of sensors on the VAZ 2115 remained somewhat stable, and they are often the ones to blame for many sudden malfunctions with a variety of symptoms.

The only exception is the outdoor temperature sensor, so we will leave it alone. Only the most important of them are on the agenda.

idle speed controller

As in engines with a carburetor, the injection engine contains idle speeds with a fully closed throttle. This is possible only under one condition - if the design of the throttle provides for a bypass channel, and it must have a variable capacity. To do this, a conical valve was introduced into the bypass air channel of the throttle body, which regulates the air supply with the throttle closed, and called it IAC, idle speed controller. It consists of a cone valve, a stem and a stepper motor. Depending on which winding the pulse is applied to, the motor rotates in one direction or the other, thereby changing the throughput of the bypass air channel. Singles either rise or fall as a result of the movement of the cone valve. The unmarried stroke sensor on the VAZ 2115 has a catalog number 1148300 02.

Video about the unmarried stroke regulator VAZ 2115 - symptoms of a malfunction and replacement.

Signs of a malfunction

No idling, floating idle, unmarried revs do not increase on a cold engine.

How to check

The most common breakdown of the IAC is twisting the windings of a stepper motor. To check the windings, a multimeter is required, included in the order of measuring resistance. The resistance rating between contacts A-B and C-D is within 45-80 ohms. Otherwise, the regulator asks for a replacement. There should be infinite resistance between pins A-D and B-C. This means that the windings do not close to each other. If you eat resistance on these contacts, the sensor is changed. Rated voltage tables - from 7.4 to 14.1 V.

Synchronization sensor

A more common name is the crankshaft position sensor. An extremely important device in the control system. The fact is that this is the only sensor that synchronizes the operation of the injection system, the ignition system and the gas distribution mechanism, as well as many other peripheral systems. The control unit must clearly know what position the crankshaft is in and, thanks to the DPKV, the main synchronization of electronics and hardware occurs. The device is inserted opposite the driving pulley with 58 teeth. Each tooth corresponds to 6 degrees of inversion of the crankshaft, but two teeth are missing on the drive pulley. It is this gap that the VAZ crankshaft sensor monitors, at the moment the pass passes, it sends a pulse to the computer, which in turn gives out a portion of fuel and instructs the ignition system to supply a spark.

Malfunction symptoms

It will be difficult to trace the malfunction of this sensor by symptoms, since all of them may indicate a breakdown of a variety of sensors and systems, but the main signs of a malfunction will lead to unstable operation of the motor or complete disagreement at startup. Sometimes knocking under load or a sudden drop in power can be observed.

How to check

The crankshaft position sensor is the only one responsible for synchronizing the operation of the injection system, the ignition system and the gas distribution mechanism

Checking the crankshaft position sensor is carried out by measuring the resistance and checking for the presence of a pulse. Resistance should be in the range of 570-740 ohms. It is checked between the contacts in the connector. The presence of a pulse can be checked elementarily - a multimeter is connected to the sensor terminals in the order of measuring 200mV, and a metal object is passed near the core several times. The device should at this moment fix the power surge. If this does not work, the sensor is changed.

The control clearance between the sensor core and the driving pulley is 1 mm. The catalog number is 2112-3847010-04.

Phase sensor

Responsible for adjusting fuel injection only in the cylinder that is in the compression stroke, that is, fuel is supplied through only one nozzle to one cylinder. Oriented by the camshaft, because it is called the camshaft position sensor. It works on the Hall principle, giving out an electrical impulse when a magnetic field is excited. If the VAZ 2115 phase sensor fails, fuel is supplied according to the principle of carburetor engines - immediately into two cylinders. As a result, we get a set of faults.

Malfunction symptoms

The DPRV is located in the same place where the camshaft gear is, on the block head. The main symptom of a malfunction is high fuel consumption and a drop in power. In addition, the computer issues a miss 0340 (sensor error) or 0343 (impulse too high).

Examination

A malfunction of the DPRV can be judged by the miss code and the CE lamp on, but you can verify that it is working by checking the voltage at the table terminal A (12 V). The remaining terminals must not be energized.

Throttle sensor

Until 2011, all trails were equipped with such sensors; the last year of production, an electronic gas pedal could be installed on the car, which served as this device. The throttle position sensor (TPS) is necessary for accurately fixing the throttle opening angle and transmitting this information to the engine control unit. The design is mounted on the throttle body and is a simple potentiometer with a resistive plate and a slider. By changing the resistance of the plate, we change the level of the pulse, and the ECU, according to the sensor readings, makes a conclusion about the amount of air entering the manifold. When the throttle is closed, the ECU regulates idle speed using the idle speed control.

Signs of a malfunction

With self-diagnosis without the use of special equipment, difficulties may arise, since most of the symptoms of a non-working device are specific to other breakdowns, including loss of compression in individual cylinders. Basically, there are all signs of unstable operation of the motor, incorrect operation in transient conditions, unmarried swimmers, inadequate response to the movement of the gas pedal. However, checking the DZ pose sensor is quite simple.

How to check

A working TPS is supplied with 5 V to the positive contact, the negative one steps to ground, and the third contact to supply a pulse to the control unit. Actually on this output and you need to check the voltage. Need a multimeter in order to measure voltage. With the throttle fully closed, the voltage should be 0.7V on a newly made high-quality sensor, on an old one - at least 0.3 V. As the damper opens, the potential grows smoothly and without jerks to 4 V. This is the maximum value with the damper open. An uneven increase in force, a discrepancy with the nominal value at the beginning and at the end of the test is a reason to replace the sensor. Contactless structures have been installed since 2011. They are twice as expensive, but practically did not fail.

Knock sensor

A simple but necessary scanner located on the cylinder block between cylinders 2 and 3. In fact, it is a piezoelectric element that reacts to knocks in a crank mechanism, and knocking is a sign of detonation. As soon as the knock sensor detects a knock, it sends a pulse to the control unit, and it corrects the ignition timing to the side of the later one.

Malfunctions and symptoms

The first and main symptom is that the ECU does not respond to the detonation process: the valves clatter with an increasing load on the engine, metallic knocks are heard in the engine, the engine can triple, and the Check Engine lights up most of all.

How to check

The knock sensor is checked with the support of a multimeter set to voltage test mode with a threshold of 200 mV. If the sensor has two leads, the multimeter probes are connected to both, if there is only one, then the minus is installed on the case, plus on the lead. Now it is enough to place a light gentle blow on the working surface of the device, while the arrow (or numbers) will show a jump in effort. The knock sensor is OK. If it does not respond to tapping, it must be replaced. Appropriately, the knock sensor can be replaced with a Volgovsky one, the same ones are put on UAZ.

Antifreeze temperature sensor

To measure the literal temperature of antifreeze and control the temperature conditions of the motor in the VAZ 2115 system, there is DTOZH

Serves to control the temperature regimes of the motor, measures the actual temperature of the antifreeze. The cooling liquid temperature sensor is a simple thermistor, that is, an element that changes resistance synchronously with the temperature of the antifreeze. The thermistor works according to the negative coefficient algorithm, the higher the temperature, the lower the resistance at the output.

Symptoms

Inaccurate work of the pointer on the tidy, the pointer does not work at all.

How to check

The temperature sensor of the cooling liquid can be checked using a conventional tester, any device for measuring temperature up to 100-130 degrees, a container of water. The multimeter is switched to the resistance measurement order, connected to the DTOZH terminals, the sensor itself is immersed in a vessel with water. The vessel is heated, while the nominal resistance at 5 degrees should be within 7280 ohms, at 20 degrees the cold liquid temperature sensor should give out 3520 ohms, 40 degrees corresponds to 1458 ohms, and at the boiling point the evidence should not be higher than 90-100 ohms. If the readings of the device do not meet the nominal value, the VAZ 2115 temperature sensor is changed.

Air mass meter (DMRV)

One of the most expensive scanners, its breakdown is extremely unpleasant. It is installed in the air bin just behind the filter and evaluates the amount of air entering the manifold. Based on his evidence, the ECU doses fuel, in idle mode it passes about 9 liters per hour, at 3 thousand turns - about 30 l / h.

Malfunctions and symptoms

This is one of the few sensors that cannot sharply cause obvious signs of a malfunction, but over time, you can state a high fuel consumption, a drop in traction at the bottom, dips in high turns, problems with cold start may occur. The CE lamp may come on.

How to check

If there are suspicions about the correctness of the work of the DMRV, it is worth removing the terminal connector and starting the engine. If the unmarried speed increases at the same time more than 1300 rpm, it is possible that the sensor is asking for a replacement. This method is not accurate, so it's best to use a multimeter and draw simple measurements. The device is set to a measurement threshold of 2 V, the positive probe is connected to the rightmost wire (most of all - yellow), the negative one to the green wire, through one contact from the positive one. The ignition is switched on, the engine is not started. The multimeter will show a minimum of 0.9 V, a maximum of 1.04 V. The final value is already critical, and if the measurements showed a higher voltage, the sensor is changed. An external examination will also be healthy: if there is an oil coating on the surface, the sensor is cleaned and the check is repeated.

oxygen sensor

Depending on the engine size, one or two sensors can be located on the VAZ 2115. A lambda probe (aka an oxygen sensor) is installed in the exhaust pipe of the muffler (there are two of them in 1600 cc engines). The sensor is necessary to assess the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gases and regulate the proportions of the atmosphere and fuel in the working mixture. For the device to work correctly, the ceramic proletarian element must be heated to 345-360 degrees. Therefore, a heater is built into its body. The VAZ oxygen sensor sends a pulse to the computer in the range from 0.1 to 0.9 V. In the first case, the mixture is considered poor, in the second - rich.

Malfunction symptoms

The main signal reporting a faulty lambda probe will be an error message. Starting with error P0130 and ending with P0141 according to the schedule, we can conclude that the DC is malfunctioning. A heating element malfunction will be reported by errors P1102 and P1115. In addition to the indications of the on-board computer about a breakdown, it can pronounce an overestimated consumption of gasoline. In garage conditions, this sensor is not tested and, when errors are fixed, it must be replaced.

Speed ​​sensor

Speed ​​measurement on front-wheel drive VAZ vehicles is carried out using electronics. The measurement circuit includes a speed sensor and a stepper motor in the speedometer. The DC is located at the top of the gearbox and is a conventional Hall sensor - the faster the sensor shaft rotates, the more the speedometer needle deviates. The catalog number for the six-pulse instrument is 2111-3843010.

Faults

The speedometer needle shows incorrect data, it may lie at zero when driving.

Health check

Checking the VAZ 2115 speed sensor is quite simple. Only a multimeter and a jack will come in handy. A multimeter is connected to the speedometer drive connectors, the front wheel is hung on the jack, the engine starts and the transmission is connected. When the sensor roller rotates, a potential should be generated in the range from 1 to 5 V. The growth of the potential meaning with an increase in the rotational speed should be smooth, without jerks and without hitches. Otherwise, the DC is changed.

Oil pressure sensor

When the oil pressure drops, this is signaled by an emergency light on the tidy

The simplest device, which consists of a housing, a measuring membrane and terminals. The oil pressure sensor is installed in the cylinder block and is connected to the lubrication system. Pressurized oil works on the measuring diaphragm, causing the output voltage to change. At a critical sense of pressure, the oil pressure sensor gives a minimum signal, while the ECU enters an emergency lamp. This is a pretty serious signal, so you need to quickly check the condition of the engine.

Symptoms

The oil pressure warning light is on.

How to check

If the oil pressure sensor is faulty, then everything in the pressure system should be normal. This is checked with a manometer. The sensor is unscrewed, a pressure gauge is screwed in instead and the engine is started. The device should show 0.6-0.7 bar for singles. In this case, the sensor is changed.

No troubles with the motor can confuse even on the way, if you know the engine control system, VAZ 2115 sensors, their direction and malfunctions well.

The injection power unit, which is installed on the VAZ 2115, has an electronic control unit. In order to regulate the functioning of the engine, the electronics constantly monitors the changes that accompany its operation. For this, sensors are used. More on this later in the article.

The VAZ 2115 sensor panel includes the following devices:

• Speedometer. Shows the driver the current speed of the vehicle. The speedometer receives information about the speed of the car thanks to the sensor, which is located on the checkpoint.
• Tachometer. Located to the left of the speedometer. It is an electronic device that receives signals from the BC and reflects the current crankshaft speed.
• Fuel gauge. It is located to the right of the speedometer. Shows the amount of fuel in the tank.
• Coolant level indicator. Reports the coolant temperature. The pointer is located to the left of the tachometer. Information comes from the corresponding sensor.

Scheme of sensors VAZ 2115

The sensors on the VAZ 2115 are located as follows:

1. Phase sensor.
2. coolant temperature sensor.
3. Knock sensor.
4. Oil pressure sensor.
5. Oxygen sensor.
6. crankshaft position sensor.
7. Speed ​​sensor.
8. idle sensor.
9. DMRV.
10. Fuel level sensor.
11. Gasoline level sensor.
12. Antifreeze level sensor.
13. Throttle position sensor.

Temperature sensor VAZ 2115

DTOZH is distinguished by its simplicity of design and durability. Its only task is to monitor changes in coolant temperature. The electronic unit uses the information received from the sensor to regulate the crankshaft speed and the ratio of the mixture of air and fuel, as well as to select the ignition timing.

Idling sensor VAZ 2115

The idle speed sensor is not only a device for reading indicators, but also a regulating device that directly affects the operation of the engine at idle.

This unit has an electric drive, as well as a conical needle that goes inside the throttle pipe. Under idle conditions, the DXX changes the position of the needle, closing or opening the nozzle, which regulates the amount of air that is supplied to the throttle assembly.

Speed ​​sensor VAZ 2115

Information about the current speed of the car speed sensor transmits by pulse signals. Depending on the frequency of these signals, the electronic unit determines the speed of the vehicle.

The information obtained is used to adjust the idle speed of the engine. If the speed sensor breaks down, fuel consumption at idle increases significantly, the speedometer does not work and engine thrust drops.

speed sensor connector

Oil sensor VAZ 2115

The oil pressure sensor is designed to inform the motorist about breakdowns in the oil system. More precisely, it fixes that the pressure has dropped in the system, informing the car owner about this through the emergency pressure lamp, which is located in the cabin on the instrument panel.

Crankshaft sensor VAZ 2115

DKPV is a device that supplies information about the position of the crankshaft to the electronic unit. The correct functioning of the injectors of the injection motor, the ignition system and the fuel mixture supply system depends on the operation of this unit.

This device is often called a synchronization sensor, since, based on the data received from the DCPV, the electronic unit determines the moment of fuel injection into the cylinders of the power unit. If this sensor breaks down, incorrect information will be sent to the “brains” of the car and the power unit will lose its performance, since failures will occur in the fuel supply system, and the nozzles will not be able to function correctly. The DKPV is located near the camshaft, near the alternator belt.

Air sensor VAZ 2115

Thanks to the information received from the DMRV, the electronic unit regulates the optimal ratio of gas and gasoline in the fuel mixture that is supplied to the engine injectors. If the device does not work correctly, the combustible mixture will not meet the requirements of the current mode of operation of the engine, which entails a decrease in power and deterioration in dynamics, as well as increased fuel consumption.

Fuel sensor VAZ 2115

The fuel level sensor is designed to monitor the fuel level in the vehicle tank. If, when starting the engine, the FLS indicates that the tank is empty, and after the start of the ride, the readings change, it is necessary to replace the sensor. FLS replacement is also needed if the device does not respond when you refuel (shows an empty tank).

Knock sensor VAZ 2115

A properly functioning knock sensor is the key to the normal functioning of the VAZ engine. If it breaks, the engine will triple, and fuel consumption will increase. The knock sensor responds to the vibrations of the power unit, information about which is transmitted to the electronic unit, which allows the ECU to select the correct ignition timing. The device is mounted on the cylinder block near the fan.

Oxygen sensor VAZ 2115

The lambda probe, also known as an oxygen sensor, transmits information to the computer about the amount of oxygen content in the exhaust gases. It is located in the intake manifold of the exhaust pipe, near the resonator.

Fan sensor VAZ 2115

This sensor is located in the heater core. Inside it is a special contact group. When the coolant in the radiator heats up, this group also heats up and expands. And when this expansion reaches the required limit, the contacts close, the signal is transmitted to the wiring and the fan turns on.

Phase sensor VAZ 2115

Phase sensor plug

The phase sensor transmits to the electronic unit information about the current engine operation cycle: which valve is open and which valve timing is currently being implemented. Based on the received data, the electronic unit determines the fuel injection timing so that fuel is supplied just before the intake valve opens. The device is located on the engine, near the cylinder head, not far from the air filter.

Throttle valve sensor VAZ 2115

TPS is one of the key devices, the correct operation of which affects the functioning of the fuel system. This sensor transmits information to the “brains” of the car at what angle the throttle is currently located.

One of the main characteristics of TPS is the frequency of the signal. Based on signal frequency changes, the engine control unit determines the degree of pressure on the gas pedal, which allows the “brains” to select the most optimal engine cooling mode and the amount of fuel supplied.

Reverse sensor VAZ 2115

The only function of the reverse sensor is to turn on the rear white lights when the driver backs up. The signal that the sensor sends to white lights informs other road users that the driver is pulling back or has already started and is moving in reverse. And in the dark, for your convenience, these white lights illuminate the way back, informing others of your intentions.

VAZ 2115 is a universal car with a body in the form of a sedan. It is important to note that such a vehicle is quite in demand and popular on the territory of the Russian Federation. For the first time the car was developed by the Volga plant for the production of vehicles. Today, it is hardly possible to meet a driver of a vehicle who has not driven this unit at least once.

VAZ 2115 looks quite modern even today

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Common faults

Despite the demand and a wide range of features and advantages of such a vehicle, the car is still prone to various malfunctions. Knowing about such "sores" is quite important in order to eliminate existing problems on your own, or with the help of competent specialists. In order to make it easier for the car owner to deal with various malfunctions, experienced experts have identified several areas where problems most often occur in a car of this brand. It is these nuances that we will analyze so that the owners of these machines can easily diagnose or identify errors and eliminate them in the most effective way.

Since the VAZ 2115 has been produced for many years, it is impossible to count the number of cars that are still in use by modern car owners. However, experts and experienced extras have done some research to identify the most shaky systems that fail very often in a car.

Basically, the following systems are subject to various breakdowns and malfunctions:

• cooling;
• brake;
• clutch;
• ignition;
• fuel system;
• starter;
• generator.

In order for users who encounter malfunctions to be able to accurately identify the breakdown and fix it, it is necessary to disassemble each system separately. This will help determine a wide range of different malfunctions and solution methods that occur in a VAZ 2115 car.

Malfunctions in the cooling system

If a breakdown occurs by accident, every motorist, before identifying a malfunction, must first of all turn off the engine and move off the road. After the vehicle has come to a complete stop, the following measures must be taken:

1. tighten the hand brake;
2. open the hood and inspect the space;
3. when steam occurs, efforts must be made in order to identify a specific place of leakage;
4. inspect the expansion tank to determine the coolant level;
5. evaluate the condition of the radiator;
6. close attention should be paid to specialized hoses, which are an integral part of the car's engine cooling system.

However, before embarking on such activities, it is recommended that you first protect yourself from burns to your hands and face. It must be remembered that after a complete stop of the vehicle, in no case should the radiator cap be unscrewed immediately. The coolant is under high enough pressure to cause it to escape under pressure.

If the inspection did not lead to positive results or finding out the cause of the failure, then experienced service center experts recommend looking under the instrument panel. This is necessary to identify signs in the form of fluid leaks from the radiator or heating tap. Often such a breakdown is caused by a damaged rubber hose, which can be temporarily repaired with electrical tape. When carrying out such repairs in a short time, you need to get to the service center and carry out a complete replacement of the hose.

Cooling system repair

What can not be fixed on the track

It is important to note that in the cooling system it is impossible to carry out independent repairs of the following parts:

• heater;
• thermostat;
• radiator.

If problems associated with these units are identified, it is recommended to fill in the most chilled liquid and monitor the temperature indicators. Be sure to seek help from competent professionals at the nearest technical inspection station.

A fairly common malfunction in the VAZ 2115 cooling system is the failure of specialized fuses that protect the on-board circuit in the electric fan of the common system. Often this problem can be fixed by simply replacing the fuse. It often happens that after such a replacement, the electric fan still does not function. In this case, it is necessary to carry out additional diagnostics, which is recommended for implementation only by competent and experienced professionals.

However, if such a malfunction occurred on the road, then for additional diagnostics of the electric motor, you can take two insulated wires and connect them directly to the battery. In this case, it is necessary to take into account that in no case should these wires be allowed to short circuit. In other words, with the help of such additional diagnostics, it is possible to start the electric fan for a certain period. This malfunction indicates problems in the wiring or a specialized relay for turning on the ventilation system.

Experienced and competent specialists of service centers claim that it will not be possible to repair a relay or an electric motor on their own, therefore such spare parts must be replaced as soon as possible.

It looks like a VAZ 2115 radiator

Deviations in the optimal functioning of the brake system VAZ 2115

Vehicle users often experience a wide range of brake related problems. There are several reasons for the failure of the brake system with an increased stroke of the brake pedal:

• air in the hydraulic drive system;
• loss of elasticity of the piston of the cylinder, which leads to its displacement inward;
• violation of tightness, manifested in the form of leakage of brake fluid;
• unreasonably increased gap between the vacuum head of the bolt, the amplifier and the piston of the cylinder.

In order to eliminate such situations, it is necessary to use several methods:

1. pump the system;
2. replace the wheel cylinder;
3. identify the place of fluid leakage and replace parts or gaskets;
4. tighten seals or replace them.

Quite often, users of a VAZ 2115 car are faced with the problem of cuff damage. In this case, you should not take any action related to the repair. It is necessary to purchase original cuffs and replace them with the help of competent specialists, or independently.

The causes of a malfunction of the brake system may be problems of the following mechanisms:

• lack of a standard gap between the piston of the main cylinder and the head of the booster vacuum block;
• incomplete return of the brake pedal after the action, which is caused by incompetent installation of a specialized brake light switch;
• clogging of the holes of the brake cylinders;
• overlapping of openings with cuffs, edges;
• jamming of the "fingers" in the front bracket;
• loss of elasticity of the rings;
• jamming pads;
• weakening of the coupling spring of the mechanism;
• deformation of sealing rings;
• lack of standard gaps between the linings and the brake drum.

Each car owner can correct such shortcomings and identify their primary causes on his own if he conducts a detailed study or diagnostics of the brake system. Experienced experts recommend contacting a service center, where, if necessary, professionals not only diagnose a malfunction, but also eliminate it by repairing or replacing certain components.

Brake system 2115

Clutch malfunctions

There is a fairly wide range of reasons that can lead to clutch failure, so experienced experts have created 4 main groups:

1. incomplete shutdown of the system;
2. incorrect inclusion;
3. jerky operation;
4. increased noise.

Naturally, each separate group of problems has several causes of failure and a number of possible options for their elimination. In order to understand what the cause of a particular breakdown actually looks like, it is necessary to analyze possible solutions and the cause of the problem, based on groups of faults.

Incomplete system shutdown

• Incomplete pedal travel. To eliminate this cause, it is recommended to adjust the drive.
• Breakage of the end disk. You can fix the problem by replacing the drive or rebuilding it.
• Distortion of the pressure plate. This is a fairly common malfunction, so it can only be eliminated by replacing the pressure plate and spring with original spare parts.
• If the disc hub is stuck on the shaft splines, the splines must first be cleaned and washed with disinfectants. In the event that the splines have noticeable types of damage or deformation, it is necessary to replace the driven disk and the input shaft.
• Broken or loose drive plate linings are a common cause of problems. You can fix it by replacing or checking the operation of the end disk.

A fairly common cause of a "tight pedal" is the cable not functioning properly. To get rid of such a failure, it is recommended to replace parts with the help of competent professionals.

Incorrect engagement of the clutch

It can happen for the following reasons:

• increased wear;
• burning linings;
• oiling the lining of the pressure plate and flywheel;
• drive damage.

To eliminate such causes, it is necessary to replace the pads in a timely manner. Sometimes it helps to thoroughly rinse with disinfectants surfaces that have got oil. Professionals say that quite often users of a VAZ-2115 car are faced with an oil leak through the bolts that secure the flywheel. In this case, it is recommended to use a specialized sealant. In the event that the drive is critically damaged, the only real possibility of resolving such a problem is the complete replacement of the entire drive or certain of its components.

Disc, basket, release bearing

What to do when the clutch is jerky?

Often, jerks in the operation of the drive indicate the following causes:

1. Oiling of the disc and flywheel linings, as well as the pressure plate. You can get rid of such a problem only if the surfaces are treated with a specialized tool or white spirit, and worn and damaged oil seals are replaced with new ones.
2. Jamming of the clutch actuator is caused by various deformations associated with the components. Such a defect can be eliminated by completely replacing the deformed components.
3. Damage (critical wear) of the pressure plate is a common cause that leads to jerks in the clutch drive. To return the car to working condition, you will need to replace the clutch basket and pressure plate.

Naturally, competent and competent specialists should identify certain causes and possible options for their elimination. Professionals will be able to see even the smallest damage or deformation.

Increased clutch noise

Many users of the VAZ 2115 car notice increased noise when the clutch drive is turned on or off. There are two main reasons for this problem:

1. Breakage of the specialized spring of the driven disk. You can fix such a malfunction only if you replace the driven disk with a new one.
2. Bad bearing. The part may fail due to wear, damage or leakage of the specialized lubricant. In this case, the bearing cannot be repaired, therefore, it is necessary to replace this part.

In other words, there are a wide variety of malfunctions associated with the clutch drive, so it is important to diagnose the breakdown and fix it in a timely manner. A competent approach will avoid multiple negative situations on the road.

Ignition coil

Ignition system

Such a module is also quite vulnerable in used VAZ 2115 cars. Experts have identified several special signs that indicate to owners that there are defects in the ignition system:

• "floating" idling of the motor;
• with a certain frequency, for no apparent reason, the engine thrust disappears;
• the vehicle is gaining momentum for a long time during acceleration;
• pairwise or single cessation of the functioning of the cylinders.

Owners of the VAZ-2115 should be aware that the above typical signs may also indicate a number of problems associated with the car's spark plugs. That is why, before carrying out a complete diagnosis of the system, it is necessary to contact experienced specialists.

Fuel system issues

There are several signs associated with the malfunctioning of the fuel system or the fuel pump alone:

• the vehicle does not start;
• the fuel pump does not show any signs of functioning after the ignition is turned on;
• there are interruptions in the operation of the motor;
• the vehicle moves jerkily at low speed.

Such signs indicate that the fuel pump is out of order. Experienced drivers know that this system must pressurize the fuel module for optimal vehicle performance. These reasons can speak not only about the failure of the fuel pump itself, but also about other malfunctions of the fuel system. Therefore, if you notice the above defects in your own car, it is recommended to pay close attention to the fuel pump and fuel system in order to identify and fix the breakdown in a short time.

Starter malfunctions

Any car owner knows that a starter is a complex and rather multifaceted mechanism, so there are a wide range of different reasons that can cause a breakdown. Consider the common failures of the VAZ 2115 starter, based on the features of the functioning of the mechanism:

When the starter is turned on, the armature does not rotate and the traction relay does not work

The presence of such atypical behavior of the mechanism can be caused by the following reasons, which will not be difficult for an experienced specialist to eliminate:

• Defective or discharged vehicle battery. You can fix the problem by replacing or charging the battery;
• An increased level of oxidation of the battery poles, during which the tips have poor contact with the poles. Cleaning the poles will help solve the problem. If necessary, tighten the tips with Vaseline.
• Relay failure. Changing this situation can change the part. It is important to first check the connecting circuit between the switches.
• Not functional contact part of the ignition switch. If a part fails, it needs to be replaced.
• Relay armature sticking. You can solve this problem by removing the traction relay and checking the lightness and mobility of the anchor.

Therefore, in order to find out the reason why the armature rotates slowly, or the traction relay does not work, it is necessary to apply some knowledge and skills. This will allow you to initially identify the malfunction, and then eliminate it.

When the mechanism is turned on, the armature rotates too slowly or does not rotate at all, but the traction relay functions in the same mode

This situation happens quite often. There are several reasons that provoke this situation:

• faulty battery;
• oxidized battery poles;
• weak fastening of tips;
• oxidized traction relay bolts;
• weak nuts for fastening the tips;
• collector burning;
• short circuit in the armature winding or its breakage.

To eliminate such causes, you need to take some measures:

• replace or charge the battery;
• clean the battery poles from oxide;
• tighten the fastening of the tips;
• clean the bolted contacts of the traction relay;
• check fastening nuts;
• clean the collector;
• completely replace the anchor.

The use of such simple methods will help eliminate the problems associated with the functioning of the starter.

Starter 2115

When the starter module is turned on, the traction relay is activated repeatedly, but after a few seconds it turns off

The following failures or breakdowns can serve as the reasons:

• Low battery. An ordinary specialized battery charger will help to solve this problem, which will restore the previous functioning of the starter and the traction relay as a whole.
• Breakage or short circuit of the relay or winding. Replacing the part, namely the traction relay, and restoring the winding will help solve the problem.
• Sudden voltage drops in the circuit due to increased oxidation of the tips. In this case, it is enough just to inspect the wires and clean them, getting rid of the oxide.

Quite often, quite simple and popular methods help to solve a similar problem associated with incorrect operation of the traction relay.

The armature rotates as before, but the flywheel behaves incorrectly or does not rotate at all

Often these problems are caused by:

• Slipping idle clutch. Professionals recommend checking the mechanism and, if necessary, replacing the clutch;
• The gears of the gearbox are out of order, so it is necessary to carry out their complete replacement.

Not only professional specialists can diagnose such a malfunction, but also almost every owner of the VAZ 2115.

The starter makes an unusual sound, but the armature rotates in the same mode

Such a breakdown can be caused by the following reasons:

• increased wear of bearings and armature drives. Replacing liners or supports will help change the situation;
• increased wear of the shaft sleeve in the clutch housing. You can solve the problem only by replacing a specialized bushing;
• weak fastening of the mechanism or deformation of the starter cover on the drive side. You can solve the problem by replacing the starter module, or by tightening the fastening nuts;
• incorrect starter position. In this case, it is important to turn to experienced professionals to check for a skewed mechanism;
• gearbox gear failure. The only correct way out of this situation is the complete replacement of the deformed components or parts;
• warped gear or flywheel teeth. Any deformed part is subject to mandatory replacement with the original one from the manufacturer;
• the anchor seizes together with the traction relay. Cleaning the specialized slots and treating it with specialized oil will help to solve this situation. If these actions do not help, then it is necessary to replace the part that causes the starter to malfunction.

The starter is a small but rather complex mechanism, so only experienced professionals should repair it or replace components. This approach will minimize the risk of various unpleasant situations during the use of the VAZ 2115 car.

The generator must be kept in good condition

Generator

This part is an integral part of the machine. However, it is the generator that causes some difficulties in using the car as a whole, so experienced professionals have identified the two most common breakdowns and methods for solving them.

Relay-regulator

Initially, it is important to understand that to check the functioning of the relay-regulator, the help of a competent specialist is necessary. Professionals recommend initially bringing the engine up to 3000 rpm. At the same time, it is important to turn on the high-beam lighting and heating the interior and glass. After carrying out such actions, it is possible to measure the battery, the voltage of which should not exceed 13.2 V.

If, after carrying out such actions and taking measurements, the indicators are low, then this indicates a problem or a circuit in the regulator relay. Naturally, experienced and competent specialists can diagnose this unit in other ways. However, it is believed that the above method is optimal in order to identify various shortcomings in the performance of the regulator relay.

Generator valves

Quite often they fail, so experts recommend using a battery and a control light to detect a breakdown or failure.

If, during the correct connection of the negative diodes, the light is on, therefore, there is a problem with the mechanism case or one of the fundamental valves has failed.

Experienced and competent professionals do not recommend replacing the rectifier unit on their own. Incorrect replacement may cause the new part to fail or other mechanisms to be severely affected.

Summing up all of the above, we can safely say that the VAZ 2115 car is a fairly reliable unit, but it is important to correctly approach the repair of certain systems. It should be remembered that timely diagnostics and maintenance of the vehicle is the key to its long-term functioning at the highest level.

Self-diagnosis VAZ 2115

Russian-made cars today are equipped with a variety of electronic devices that allow for the normal operation of many components and assemblies. In this article we will talk about the controllers and regulators that are on the VAZ. Where are the sensors located on the VAZ 2115, what is the purpose of their purpose, what malfunctions can occur in the operation of devices - read below.

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Camshaft position (phase sensor)

DPRV or a phase sensor are equipped with all engines with an injector for 16 valves, as well as 8-valve carburetor engines with a phased injection of a combustible mixture.

The regulator sends information about the engine operation cycle to the control unit:

• which valve is currently open;
• what is the gas distribution phase.

According to the data received, the on-board computer calculates the timing of gasoline injection so that fuel is supplied before the intake valve is opened. As a rule, VAZ sensors are located in the engine compartment and the DPRV is no exception, it is located next to the cylinder head and the air filter.

DTOZH

The coolant temperature regulator or DTOZH is located on the thermostat, its function is to control the temperature level of the power unit. As practice shows, usually such controllers are characterized by reliability and a high service life, since, in fact, it performs only one function. The on-board computer, having received a signal from the DTOZH, adjusts the engine speed, as well as the ratio of fuel and air to form a combustible mixture.

The main symptoms of a regulator failure are incorrect data on the heating of the internal combustion engine or the power unit starts to overheat due to the fact that the inoperative sensor does not turn on the cooling fan. If the system shows signs of failure, the part must be replaced as soon as possible.

Detonations

8- and 16-valve engines are also equipped with knock sensors. This element is located on the BC head, between cylinders 2 and 3. It can be seen if you look at the unit from the fan side. The readings of this device determine the ignition timing. Therefore, if errors appear in the system or signs of a controller malfunction are noticed, the device must be changed.

Oxygen

The oxygen regulator is popularly referred to as a lambda probe. This controller is designed to transmit data to the computer about how much oxygen is contained in the exhaust gases. The element is located in the silencer intake line, next to the resonator device. In the event of a breakdown, the auto regulator will begin to twitch while driving, so if signs of a malfunction appear, the device must be changed.

Crankshaft positions

It is an element that allows you to transmit signals to the on-board computer about the position of the crankshaft. The performance of the combustible mixture supply systems, as well as the ignition system, depends on how this element works. And if we are talking about the injector, then the DPKV determines the functionality of the injectors.

Often this element is called the timing regulator, since the control unit, having received data from it, detects the necessary moment for the injection of gasoline into the engine cylinders. In the event that the device breaks down, the on-board computer will begin to transmit incorrect data, which will subsequently lead to malfunctions in the gasoline supply system. Accordingly, the normal operation of the injectors will be impossible. The regulator itself is located next to the camshaft and the belt of the generator mechanism.

Throttle positions

The throttle position sensor (abbreviated as TPS) is one of the main components that ensures the normal operation of the fuel system. From the name, you can guess that the VAZ throttle controller transmits data to the on-board computer about the angle at which the throttle is currently located. In more detail, the symptoms of a breakdown and the process of replacing the device are described in the video (author - Ivan Vasilyevich).

The pulse frequency is one of the key characteristics of the throttle sensor. Given the changes in this parameter, the ECU by the motor detects the desired degree of pressure on the accelerator. Ultimately, the on-board computer selects the most optimal cooling mode for the power unit, as well as the amount of gasoline supplied. Since the controller itself is part of the throttle, it is located on the body of this assembly, not far from the idle speed controller.

Speeds

Machine speed signals are transmitted to the control unit using pulse signals. As a rule, for one kilometer traveled by a car, the device transmits about 6 thousand impulses. The speed of the machine is determined by the on-board computer, taking into account the purity of the pulses. Ultimately, the data obtained is used to adjust the speed of the power unit when idling. When the device fails, it leads to an increase in fuel consumption, especially when driving at idle. In this case, the engine power will be reduced, and the speedometer will also refuse to work.

Idle move

As you can already understand, almost all controllers on the VAZ 2115 are designed to read information. But the idle speed controller not only transmits data, but is also a regulatory element that somehow affects the operation of the power unit in idle mode. You can learn more about diagnosing device malfunctions, as well as replacing it, in the video below (the author of the video is Ivan Vasilyevich).

DHX is equipped with an electric drive, as well as a special conical needle installed in such a way that it enters the throttle line. When the car is idling or standing still, the regulator changes the position of this needle, according to which the line opens or closes. Ultimately, the air that enters the throttle assembly is also adjusted. There is a special place in the throttle to install the controller, so it can be easily found if necessary - the device is attached to the line with two bolts.

mass air flow

This sensor, like most others, transmits data to the engine control unit. Thanks to this information, the on-board computer adjusts the most optimal ratio of fuel and air volumes for the formation of a combustible mixture. Subsequently, this mixture is fed to the motor injectors. If this element does not work correctly or with errors, then the combustible mixture will ultimately not be able to match the parameters of the mode of operation of the power unit. Accordingly, in the end, this can lead to a decrease in engine traction, as well as a deterioration in the dynamics of the vehicle as a whole.

In addition, the failure of the DMRV is fraught with an increase in fuel consumption. As for the installation location, the device is located on the air filter element line, not far from the large intake line. If malfunctions are detected, the controller does not have to be changed - you can try to clean it yourself.