Setting the injection (ignition) moment on KAMAZ The need for adjustment arises very often for KamAZ drivers. For example, in the field, the injection pump drive plates broke off, and what should I do? I ran for the plates, changed them, and here I need ordinary keys without strobe lights and other special equipment, not only to leave, but also to continue working on. How to do it in the field? Everything will be described in a simple and understandable language, but for now a little theory ... Many happy owners of diesel technology are accustomed to calling "injection moment" "ignition", as in a gasoline engine, but this is not important, the main thing is to understand the meaning of the process. The moment of injection is the beginning of the supply of fuel when the piston has approached top dead center with the intake and exhaust valves closed. It turns out that the piston compressed the air as much as possible, and at this moment it is necessary to supply fuel. In general, why bother setting it up? Why won’t they deliver from the factory once and for all, so that we don’t suffer? Everything is simple! For each engine, the moment of injection is different, there are no absolutely identical units and assemblies, and the fuel can also differ corny - winter and summer diesel fuel. For this, we were given the opportunity to adjust it, although absolutely every engine has MARKS or DEGREES ... If the ignition is set exactly according to the marks, the car will certainly work perfectly, but if it is a reference engine, a reference high-pressure fuel pump, and GOST fuel. The mark is a kind of guideline from which we must proceed, otherwise we would not have the opportunity to twist and turn in search of the best. At KamAZ, the high-pressure fuel pump drive itself is placed on the key from the side of the box, but the high-pressure fuel pump coupling can be turned in two versions with a difference of 180 degrees. So, usually, when the drive clamping screw is on top, then the mark on the injection pump and on the coupling should be opposite each other. In short, they put everything on the marks, tightened it and you can start it. The car should start, if there is no start and white smoke comes out of the exhaust, then they are 180 degrees mixed up. We unscrewed it, turned it 180, tightened it and now we definitely start it. If there are no marks, or there are an incomprehensible number of them stuffed earlier, then it should be placed approximately in the middle of the adjustment slots. After you have started the car, you need to understand, but how should the engine work, what is it, that very “moment”? To understand this, you need to know the signs of the LATE and EARLY moment. The late injection moment is when the piston has already gone down from TDC, and only then fuel begins to flow, the explosion follows. In the operation of the engine, this can be determined by some signs: a) White smoke from the exhaust, especially on a cold engine, and the later, the more smoke. b) Stupidly gaining momentum. c) Soft work. d) When you gently press the gas pedal, the engine shakes at medium speeds, then it seems to break through and the shaking disappears at high speeds. e) The car is dull and does not pull well. e) high consumption. g) It gets hot. The early moment of injection is when the piston has not yet reached top dead center, and the fuel has already begun to flow, the explosion goes towards the piston. In the operation of the engine, this is determined by the following features: a) The engine works hard. b) With a sharp overdrive or a load, a ringing is heard, as if the valves, and the higher the engine temperature, the stronger the ringing. d) At very early, white smoke is possible. e) Poor traction. e) high consumption. As a rule, the moment set according to the factory marks is a bit late. And so, let's say they realized that the ignition was later and it was necessary to put it in earlier, what to do, where to turn it? The torque is set at the operating temperature of the engine, but if signs of improper operation are clearly visible even when cold, then adjustment can already be started. We set the drive in such a way that the mark is on top (you can make your own) and release the two bolts by 17. Now you need to understand that the engine remains in place, and the high-pressure fuel pump coupling is spinning. Previously, move the injection pump drive in the direction of travel, i.e. clockwise. Later, move the injection pump drive in the opposite direction of movement, counterclockwise. And the most important!!! You need to move the drive a little bit, approximately by the thickness of the match from the mark !!! And be sure to tighten the bolts! Then we start the engine and check its operation, if there are no changes or the operation of the machine is still not satisfactory, you can repeat and move a little more. This must be repeated until a slight ringing appears during a sharp gas or load, then you can move it back a little, and the ringing will disappear, this will be the very moment. The main thing is to move on something focusing and not a lot at once, so as not to get confused. The correct injection timing is the best traction, with the lowest fuel consumption, and these are very important indicators in the operation of any machine. Firsov Roman Article taken from the site

Cars

How to set the ignition on KamAZ correctly?

July 31, 2017

Knowing how to set the ignition on KamAZ using minimal equipment and tools, you can solve this problem even in the field. To do this, it is necessary to understand the principle of operation of the ignition system, as well as the reasons why it may fail.

What is injection moment?

On diesel vehicles, it is more correct to call the ignition the moment of injection. It represents the beginning of the fuel supply when the piston approaches top dead center (the intake and exhaust valves are closed). Maximum pressure is created in the working chamber, at this moment fuel is supplied.

How to set the ignition on KamAZ? It would seem that it is worth adjusting it once at the factory when releasing a car and not worry about it. However, not all so simple. The fact is that each power unit has a specific injection moment, due to the characteristics of the component parts of the motor. In addition, this indicator is influenced by the quality and type of fuel.

Setting

On any automotive power plant, there are marks (degrees) designed just for setting the ignition. If the system is adjusted strictly according to the marks, the engine will operate in the optimal mode, provided that the injection pump, engine and fuel correspond to the reference characteristics according to GOST. By and large, the pointers are a kind of guideline that allows you to understand how to set the ignition on KamAZ.

On the car in question, the high-pressure fuel pump is placed on a key on the side of the box, and the high-pressure fuel pump coupling can be fixed in two positions with a difference of 180 degrees. As a rule, if the drive clamping screw is located at the top, then the injection pump and coupling marks should be placed opposite.

Peculiarities

After all the parts are set according to the marks, it is necessary to tighten the fixing elements and start the engine. The car should start without problems the first time. If the truck won't start or white smoke is coming out of the exhaust system, then the alignment is done with a violation of 180 degrees. You will need to unscrew the required parts and turn them 180 °, restart the engine.

In the absence of marks or the presence of extra risks, it is advisable to set the elements approximately in the middle of the adjustment icons. In order to understand how to correctly set the ignition on KamAZ, it is necessary to take into account the signs of late and early injection.

Early injection time

With early ignition, the piston does not have time to reach the top point, and the fuel is already starting to flow into the working chamber. Key features of this moment:

• Rigid motor work.
• When you actively press the gas pedal, a characteristic ringing is heard, which intensifies with an increase in the temperature of the power unit.
• There may be white smoke from the exhaust pipe.
• There is poor traction.
• Fuel consumption increases.

Late ignition: signs

At a late injection moment, the piston goes down from the top dead center, and the fuel is just beginning to be supplied, the ignition follows. Problem symptoms:

• The appearance of white smoke from the exhaust system. The later the ignition, the more smoke is observed.
• The motor is revving incorrectly.
• Too soft work of the power unit is observed.
• With a smooth activation of the gas pedal, the engine starts to shake at medium speeds, and with an increase in torque, this effect disappears sharply.
• Fuel consumption increases, the engine heats up, the truck pulls poorly.

How to correctly set the ignition on the KamAZ Euro?

The factory settings predominately assume a slightly late injection point. If it is necessary to correct the assembly in the direction of early ignition, perform the following manipulations:

1. The moment of injection is set at the operating temperature of the engine.
2. The drive is adjusted so that the mark is on top.
3. Loosen the two fixing screws at "17".
4. Only the injection pump clutch will need to be rotated.
5. To enhance early ignition, the drive turns clockwise, and for late injection, it turns counterclockwise.

Adjustment should be made literally by a millimeter, with the obligatory tightening of the bolts.

Knowing how to set the ignition on KamAZ, after setting it up, you should start the engine and check. If the operation of the power unit does not suit the owner, the manipulations with the setting continue until a slight ringing appears when the gas pedal is sharply activated. After another small shift, it will disappear, which will indicate that the required ignition point has been reached. A correctly set injection point will allow you to achieve better traction, fuel economy, which is important when operating any equipment.

KamAZ-740: how to set the ignition?

The injection timing is set simultaneously with the installation of the injection pump. The stages of work are given below:

• The cab rises until the latch snaps into place.
• The flywheel housing stem is lifted and rotated 90 degrees, placed in a special niche on the body.
• A pair of bolts is unscrewed at the bottom and the dirt protection shield is dismantled.
• A metal rod 10 mm in diameter and about 400 mm long is inserted through the slot into the flywheel hole.
• The crankshaft is turned from left to right until its movement is blocked by the locking rod.
• The position of the injection pump drive shaft located in the collapse of the cylinder block is checked.
• If the fuel pump drive coupling is turned up with the working scale, align the zero point with the mark on the pump flange, and then tighten the two fixing bolts.
• If the position of the part is reversed, raise the stopper, turn the crankshaft one revolution, repeat the steps above.

Now let's look at how to set the ignition on KamAZ Euro-2 at the final stage. After tightening the bolts of the high-pressure fuel pump drive coupling, the stopper is lifted up, rotated 90 degrees, and lowered into the mounting groove. A dirt protection shield is mounted in the lower part of the casing. The car cabin is lowered, the latches are placed in the upper position.

In conclusion

Despite the fact that the diesel power unit has a simple and understandable design, the elements of its fuel system are classified as high-precision instruments. In this regard, the installation of a high-pressure fuel pump requires special attention and optimal determination of the angle of injection of diesel fuel through the nozzle into the working cylinder at the compression stage. Even an error of just one degree can lead to engine failure, which will require an extraordinary overhaul. Reliable KAMAZ Euro trucks are popular in various fields. How to set the ignition on different modifications, discussed above. Knowing the features of this procedure, it is quite possible to adjust the moment of fuel injection on your own with minimal time and equipment.

The need for adjustment arises very often among KamAZ drivers. For example, in the field, the injection pump drive plates broke off, and what should I do? I ran for the plates, changed them, and here I need ordinary keys without strobe lights and other special equipment, not only to leave, but also to continue working on. How to do it in the field? Everything will be described in a simple and understandable language, but for now a little theory ...

Many happy owners of diesel technology are accustomed to calling the “injection moment” “ignition”, as on a gasoline engine, but this is not important, the main thing is to understand the meaning of the process.

The moment of injection is the beginning of the supply of fuel when the piston has approached top dead center with the intake and exhaust valves closed. It turns out that the piston compressed the air as much as possible, and at this moment it is necessary to supply fuel.

In general, why bother setting it up? Why won’t they deliver from the factory once and for all, so that we don’t suffer?

Everything is simple! For each engine, the moment of injection is different, there are no absolutely identical units and assemblies, and the fuel can also differ corny - winter and summer diesel fuel.

For this, we were given the opportunity to adjust it, although absolutely every engine has MARKS or DEGREES ... If the ignition is set exactly according to the marks, the car will certainly work perfectly, but if it is a reference engine, a reference high-pressure fuel pump, and GOST fuel. The mark is a kind of guideline from which we must proceed, otherwise we would not have the opportunity to twist and turn in search of the best.

At KamAZ, the high-pressure fuel pump drive itself is placed on the key from the side of the box, but the high-pressure fuel pump coupling can be turned in two versions with a difference of 180 degrees. So, usually, when the drive clamping screw is on top, then the mark on the injection pump and on the coupling should be opposite each other.

In short, they put everything on the marks, tightened it and you can start it. The car should start, if there is no start and white smoke comes out of the exhaust, then they are 180 degrees mixed up. We unscrewed it, turned it 180, tightened it and now we definitely start it. If there are no marks, or there are an incomprehensible number of them stuffed earlier, then it should be placed approximately in the middle of the adjustment slots.

After you have started the car, you need to understand, but how should the engine work, what is it, that very “moment”? To understand this, you need to know the signs of the LATE and EARLY moment.

The late injection moment is when the piston has already gone down from TDC, and only then fuel begins to flow, the explosion follows. In the operation of the engine, this can be determined by some signs:

a) White smoke from the exhaust, especially on a cold engine, and the later, the more smoke.

b) Stupidly gaining momentum.

c) Soft work.

d) When you gently press the gas pedal, the engine shakes at medium speeds, then it seems to break through and the shaking disappears at high speeds.

e) The car is dull and does not pull well.

e) high consumption.

g) It gets hot.

The early moment of injection is when the piston has not yet reached top dead center, and the fuel has already begun to flow, the explosion goes towards the piston. In engine operation, this is determined by the following features:

a) The engine runs hard.

b) With a sharp overdrive or a load, a ringing is heard, as if the valves, and the higher the engine temperature, the stronger the ringing.

d) At very early, white smoke is possible.

e) Poor traction.

e) high consumption.

As a rule, the moment set according to the factory marks is a bit late.

And so, let's say they realized that the ignition was later and it was necessary to put it in earlier, what to do, where to turn it?

The torque is set at the operating temperature of the engine, but if signs of improper operation are clearly visible even when cold, then adjustment can already be started.

We set the drive in such a way that the mark is on top (you can make your own) and release the two bolts by 17. Now you need to understand that the engine remains in place, and the high-pressure fuel pump coupling is spinning.

Previously, move the injection pump drive in the direction of travel, i.e. clockwise.

Later, move the injection pump drive in the opposite direction of movement, counterclockwise.

And the most important!!! You need to move the drive a little bit, approximately by the thickness of the match from the mark !!! And be sure to tighten the bolts!

Then we start the engine and check its operation, if there are no changes or the operation of the machine is still not satisfactory, you can repeat and move a little more. This must be repeated until a slight ringing appears during a sharp gas or load, then you can move it back a little, and the ringing will disappear, this will be the very moment.

The main thing is to move on something focusing and not a lot at once, so as not to get confused.

The correct injection timing is the best traction, with the lowest fuel consumption, and these are very important indicators in the operation of any machine.

INSTRUCTION MAP #12

Workplace No. 1 KAMAZ
TOPIC: Installation of injection pump on the engine
Goal of the work: Acquisition of skills and abilities in the installation of injection pump on the engine.
Students of gr._____ who have passed the corresponding

theoretical training course and safety briefing (which is certified by a personal signature)

№	Surname, initials of the student	Signature of the student on the passage of safety briefing

Workplace equipment : stand with KamAZ-740 engine, momentoscope, K-261 fuel equipment analyzer, ruler, protractor, tool kit.

Operating procedure:
1. Installation of the high pressure fuel pump of the KamAZ-740 engine of the KamAZ-5320 car:

Fix the position of the crankshaft by inserting a latch on the flywheel housing into the flywheel groove (in this case, the mark on the leading half-coupling of the high-pressure fuel pump drive must be located at the top);

^ 1 - automatic injection advance clutch; 2 - driven coupling half of the drive; 3.6 - bolts;

4 - front plate; 5 - front flange of the semi-coupling; 7 - leading coupling half; 8 - rear flange of the leading coupling half;

^ 9 - connecting shaft;

I
, II, III - labels
- align the alignment marks of the driven coupling half 2 (Fig. 1) and the flange of the driven coupling half 5 and tighten the pinch bolt of the front flange 7 of the drive coupling half of the high-pressure pump drive after fixing the pump to the crankcase;

Install the latch handle (Fig. 2) into the small groove on the latch body. Having fixed the fuel pump on the crankcase block, check the axial gaps between the ends of the cams of the leading coupling half and the end of the intake advance clutch, as well as the gaps between the ends of the cams of the injection advance clutch and the rear end of the leading half of the coupling (should be at least 0.3 mm). The end gap is adjusted by moving the coupling half along the drive shaft of the fuel pump drive with the nut of the coupling half coupling bolt turned off, which is tightened after the adjustment is completed;

Set the fuel injection advance angle according to the momentoscope;

Check and adjust the minimum idle speed of the engine crankshaft.
2. ^ Setting the fuel injection advance angle.

Check the alignment of the marks on the fuel injection advance clutch,

driving and driven half-couplings of the fuel pump drive shaft (Fig. 1);

-remove the high pressure pipe of the first cylinder;

Attach a momentoscope to the fitting of the 8th section of the pump (Fig. 3);

Move the regulator control lever to the middle position;

Using a hand pump, bleed the power supply system with fuel for 2-3 minutes;

Loosen two bolts 3 driven coupling half (Fig. 1) of the drive;

Turn the coupling in the direction opposite to its rotation until the bolts stop against the walls of the grooves and insert the lock by turning the handle into the deep groove on the lock housing;

Rotate the crankshaft of the engine by the flywheel through the hatch of the clutch housing clockwise until the mark on the leading coupling half of the fuel pump drive is in the upper position, while the latch should enter the hole on the flywheel;

Slowly turn the injection advance clutch by the flange of the driven coupling half of the drive in the direction of rotation of the fuel pump drive, carefully monitoring the fuel level in the momentoscope. In a position that corresponds to the beginning of the movement of fuel in the momentoscope, fix the bolts 3 coupling halves;

To check the accuracy of setting the fuel injection advance angle, place the latch handle in a small groove (Fig. 2);

Slowly turn the crankshaft 1.5 turns;

- translate the latch handle into a deep groove;
^ 3. Adjustment of the minimum speed in idling mode.

For KamAZ-740 engines of the KamAZ-5320 car:

Warm up the engine to a coolant temperature of 85-90 ° C;

Loosen the bolt locknut ^ 3 minimum speed limits;

Bolt turn 3 adjust the minimum speed of the crankshaft in idle mode (when the bolt is screwed in, the speed increases, and when it is turned out, it decreases);

^ Engine regulator cover KAMAZ-740

1 - bolt limiting the maximum speed; 2 - fuel supply control lever; 3 - bolt limiting the minimum speed; 4 - fixing the bolt for limiting the starting feed; 5 - cork;

6 - bolt for adjusting the starting feed; 7 - stop lever; 8 - restrictive bolt;
- tighten the bolt locknut ^ 3;

Check the correctness of the adjustment with the engine running, for which install the lever 2 control the regulator to the middle position and sharply lower it until it stops in the bolt 3. In this case, the engine should not stop, and the crankshaft speed in idle mode should not exceed 550-600 rpm,
4
.^ Adjustment of the fuel supply control drive of the KAMAZ-5320 car

The fuel supply control pedal 17 should not touch the cabin floor, and in the position when it is pressed to failure, the regulator control lever 4 should rest against the bolt 5 of limiting the maximum crankshaft speed.

The sequence of adjustment operations:

Disconnect the upper end of the front lever from the fuel pedal;

Align the hole of the lower front lever 13 of the drive with the axis of rotation of the cab, for which press the front lever back along the vehicle until it stops against the bracket 14;

By changing the length of the intermediate long rod 12 of the fuel supply pedal, achieve the idle position of the regulator;

^ KAMAZ-740 engine fuel supply control drive:

1 - engine stop rod handle; 2 - handle of the fuel supply control rod; 3 - bolt limiting the maximum speed of the crankshaft;

4 - regulator control lever; 5 - bolt limiting the minimum speed of the crankshaft; b - thrust; 7, 10 - levers;

8 - transverse roller; 9 - rear bracket;

11 - withdrawal spring; 12 - intermediate (long) thrust; 13 - front lever; 14 - front bracket; 15 - pedal thrust (short);

16 - pedal seal; 17 - pedal
- connect the upper end of the front lever with the fuel supply pedal at an angle of 130° between the pedal and the foot of the pedal in the idle position;

Press the pedal to the maximum feed on the fuel supply regulator, bring the stop bolt for limiting the maximum speed until it touches the pedal and lock it with a nut.

With a properly adjusted fuel control actuator, the pedal should provide both maximum and minimum engine speeds.

Compile a report on items 1 - 4.

Security questions for defense:

1. The procedure for installing the injection pump of the KamAZ-740 engine.

2. Setting the fuel injection advance angle on the car.

3. Adjustment of the minimum speed in idling mode.

4. Adjustment of the fuel supply control drive of the KamAZ-532 car
Teacher's mark: ___________________
Lab REPORT #___

performed by students of M- ____"___" __________ 20___

№	Surname, initials of the student	Student's signature

Russian-made truck motors are highly sensitive to incorrect clearance adjustment, so correct setting of the maximum angle is important. Otherwise, the operation of the engine becomes incorrect.

​

1. First, it is required to set a mark on the high-pressure fuel pump so that fuel is injected 4 millimeters before the piston enters the TDC position. To do this, put a mark on the edge of the arrow pointer, which is installed on the pump. That is, it is required to rotate the engine while driving until the risks coincide with the indicator mark, and at the moment of this alignment, fuel is supplied.
2. The mark will then move further. The piston enters the dead top position while the line is aligned with the edge of the arrow. To avoid errors at this stage, the position of the piston at this point is fixed with a special stopper, the location of which is the flywheel housing.
3. During one turn of the injection pump shaft, the piston enters the dead center twice. It is required to determine the position at which compression occurs inside the cylinder. If the pump is not removed during the adjustment of the advance angle, you can simply bring the risk on the clutch leading to the pointer arrow. The stopper can be lowered, then the handwheel must be rotated in all directions to get the stopper element into the groove. It is required to perform this rotation using a lever that is installed in a special hole located on the end of the flywheel.
4. After performing the above steps, you can achieve the installation of the piston at the point of compression. Then it is required to loosen the screws with which the pump drive is attached, and then align the mark with the edge of the arrow. This position is the most optimal. When the mark is shifted, the motor does not work correctly, with floating speed.

KAMAZ ignition adjustment by ear

In the case where it is not known how the ignition is set, the method of setting by ear can be used.

To find the ignition spark using this technique, you should start the engine, after which it warms up. Then the following actions follow:

1. First, it is necessary to loosen the nut securing the distributor, then it is required to rotate the assembly in all directions.
2. At the moment of maximum speed of the internal combustion engine, you need to add gas. If at the moment of pressing the gas pedal there were no interruptions, pops and shots, this indicates a successful finding of the correct position.
3. From this point, it is required to perform a small turn of the distributor in the clockwise direction, after which it is fixed in this position.

KAMAZ ignition adjustment by light bulb

In the case when you do not know how to set the ignition, and at the same time there is no spark amplifier in the car, it is possible to adjust the KAMAZ ignition using a light bulb. To set the ignition in this way, you must first set the cylinder piston to the TDC position. To install the ignition in this way, any twelve-volt lamp for the distributor and car body can be used.

1. A control lamp is used for regulation.
2. With the help of this lamp, the distributor is adjusted.

After turning on the ignition, it is necessary to carry out versatile rotation of the distributor until the lamp starts to burn. When this moment comes, it is required to stop the rotation of the distributor, securing the latter. If the motor performs well in the presence of significant mismatches in marks, you may suspect improper assembly of the engine or stretching of the timing chain.