If "the old people say that they poured ordinary diesel oil into gasoline" - do not believe such "old people", these old people drove "holes" and mostly pedaling in a natural way.
In the good old days, when gasoline was cheaper than soda (6 kopecks per 1 liter; at a soda price of 3 kopecks per 200 gr.), vehicles with two-stroke engines were filled with a “motor mixture” which naturally consisted of gasoline and oil called “autol” in ratio from 1 to 25 to 1 to 100, depending on the recommendations of the engine manufacturer.
What is the fundamental difference between a two-stroke internal combustion engine and a four-stroke one, and whether there are three and five-stroke engines is described in detail in the Primer in Physics for elementary school. In addition, it is written there why no engine is able to work without lubrication of friction pairs with oil of a very specific quality.
Any motor oil (oil for lubricating rubbing pairs of internal combustion engines) consists of base oil and various additives that determine the quality purpose for a particular type of internal combustion engine. The fundamental difference between oils for two-stroke and four-stroke internal combustion engines is that in the first one, the oil must completely burn out along with gasoline, and in the second, it must retain its lubricating properties for as long as possible at sufficiently high temperatures. If the “motor mixture” is prepared in oil for a four-stroke internal combustion engine, then the ash formed during the combustion of such oil will erase the cylinder mirror and piston like ordinary sandpaper quickly enough. If there is a desire to destroy the "ant" as soon as possible - use the advice of your "old men".
A feature of Soviet-made two-stroke engines is the lubrication of rubbing pairs with oil, which was mixed with gasoline "manually". Modern two-stroke engines prepare the fuel mixture immediately before it is fed into the crankcase by consuming it from a special tank, in the amount necessary for a specific engine operation mode.
When choosing a modern oil for the “ant”, I think it is advisable to use any (whichever you like best) of the oil classification systems. I was taught in my “driving school” to use the API (American Petroleum Institute) classification.
From domestic oils, only oils for two-stroke internal combustion engines with an index of 2T should be used. Such oils are produced by all enterprises of our oil industry. By the way, the price of this oil is quite divine - about 130 rubles per liter. Even if you dilute it in a ratio of 1 to 50, the price of fuel will not increase significantly compared to modern gasoline prices.
That's how it is. Good luck on the road to you and the "ant".
The legend of the Soviet motorcycle industry is the Ant scooter. Consider all the advantages and disadvantages of a scooter, tuning options and owner reviews. All about the scooter ant in one topic.
Scooter "Ant" - affordable practicality
Today, cargo scooters do not enjoy such popularity and excitement as it was during the Soviet Union. There are explanations for this: the shortage of a car at that time, a rather high price and other difficulties, gave rise to the thoughts of an ordinary rural or suburban resident about buying something alternative, unpretentious, inexpensive, and at the same time of high quality. A motorcycle with a sidecar was not very suitable for transporting goods, and this need for the countryside was basic.
The cost of the scooter "Ant"
The scooter Ant, costing 775 rubles, with its light weight and ease of maintenance, was an ideal option, and so far in Asian countries, such scooters are indispensable helpers and are in great demand.
This is what one of the first Ant models looked like
Pay attention to the spare wheel mounting
Gasoline consumption on the scooter "Ant"
It cannot be called economical, a 200 cc single-cylinder two-stroke engine consumes about 8 liters of gasoline, after a slight wear of the piston group, the consumption usually reached up to 10 liters, but at that time it was not relevant, gasoline was very cheap and no one thought about consumption fuel and thus savings. If you are going to buy an Ant scooter now (of course, they don’t produce new ones for a long time), be prepared for the consumption of eightieth gasoline in the region of ten liters.
Front suspension
The front suspension of the scooter is lever, practically “indestructible”. In terms of service life, it was not even close to telescopic forks, there is practically nothing to break.
Today you can find an ant scooter with rear shock absorbers installed from a scooter, instead of regular front ones, produced specifically for it.
Here the front suspension is slightly redone and borrowed from a Chinese cargo scooter
Motor scooter "Ant"
An ant scooter has a dry weight of 240 kg, which is much lighter than the same MT or Ural motorcycle. This is the merit of the designers, and of course the light single-cylinder engine.
This advantage made it possible even for one person to throw it on its side and begin repairs. In terms of repair, there were also a lot of pluses to replace the tube or tire, the wheel did not need to bead, it was enough to unscrew the bolts around the wheel, and the rims diverged into two halves.
Rear suspension
The rear suspension is independent, the rear wheel is driven by a roller chain, through a gearbox.
Reducer scooter "Ant"
Pay attention to the gearbox located in the center of the rear axle, it is quite well made, however, when repairing, it is also very easy to remove it.
luggage compartment
The scooter Ant has a not very large luggage body, its dimensions are 1250 x 1130 mm, but this is quite enough for everyday use. Models were also produced with an additional seat for a passenger, but a shortened cargo compartment, everyone could choose the most suitable option for themselves, depending on their specific needs.
On request, it was also possible to buy a model with a high closed cargo compartment trimmed with metal. It was the best fit for serving schools, kindergartens and enterprises, transporting household items.
load capacity
The permitted load capacity of all models is 280 kg, while the engine power is only 12 hp, and this is with two hundred cubes of a two-stroke engine. But this was enough, because the maximum speed of the scooter is only 60 km per hour.
Pay attention to the front wheel, why not a tractor?
Some craftsmen increase the height of the sides, thanks to which you can load more bulk materials, as well as straw and grass, onto the ant scooter.
However, when buying such a scooter, be prepared for constant repairs, to be honest, all Soviet motor vehicles constantly broke down and required intervention. This example is certainly no exception, and constant winding problems should not bother you. If you do not understand this, it is better not to buy it.
Modern competitors scooter "Ant"
Fortunately (or unfortunately), cargo scooters from China are now gaining popularity, the cost of which is about $ 1,500. Of course, they can be compared to compete with him, but not the quality of the body, suspension and other products. An ant scooter will be much better in everything, however, specimens have survived to our times that will require you to have full knowledge of a car mechanic.
Pay attention to one of the models of the Chinese motorcycle industry, a plastic body kit, very fragile, a front telescopic fork from an ordinary scooter, which also served on it in full for a season or two. What will happen to her on the truck?
But for more or less tolerable operation, you can buy such a scooter.
But this model from China is a little better and more expensive, it will do for more severe loads. Made in the form of a motorcycle.
Both models are equipped with a tilting body, which makes it easier to unload bulk materials and other things.
As you can see, the ant scooter has many competitors, and these two models are just a small percentage of what Asian countries can offer, and quite at a reasonable price.
I have been repairing Ants for a total of more than 10 years. And no matter how much I repair them, I never cease to be surprised at how neglected, I would even say barbaric, the owners treat their own equipment. Well, yes, this technique is not the height of perfection and not even the ultimate dream, but it's yours. What's the point of killing it and then repairing it?
Sometimes when you open the engine, and there is oil from the time of raising the virgin soil and it is far from uncommon when it is filled much less than the prescribed level. That's where it comes from? .. Is it really so stressful for money at least once a season to buy a liter of the cheapest collective farm M8V and change it ???
It is best to change engine oil immediately after a trip or, in extreme cases, a good warm-up. We are looking for a container into which we will merge mining. I use a cut plastic canister for this purpose.
We are looking for a drain plug at the bottom of the clutch cover, put a container under it, unscrew the plug with a 17 key and drain the oil. If the oil is hot, it will drain in just a couple of minutes.
What leaked from the engine looks very much like slurry
After the oil has drained, we wipe the drain hole with a clean rag, check the integrity of the gasket, wash the drain plug in clean gasoline, apply a little sealant on it and wrap the plug in place.
I almost never buy oil for Ants myself - I fill in what the client buys. Clients, all as one, buy the cheapest - an analogue of the Soviet "Zhiguli" М8В in our case: ordinary mineral water, of the lowest quality API SB / CD. By and large, the "Ant" does not need the best. For him, Avtol was once the limit of perfection, and API SB / CD was beyond his eyes for him ...
Here is such a liter canister of the cheapest oil we have in the region of 100 rubles. You can buy a 4-liter canister - it's more profitable.
We unscrew the three bolts on the clutch cover, remove the plug and fill the engine with oil
Fill with oil evenly until it reaches the upper edge of the filler neck. It takes about 750 ml of oil per filling - a liter canister is enough and there is still a little left to top up until the next replacement
The scooter Ant was produced at the Tula Machine-Building Plant from 1959 to 1995. Its modification or, as they say now, restyling, was carried out in 1983 and the updated version received the designation Ant 2M 01. Longevity to this unusual three-wheeled vehicle was brought, first of all, by positive qualities, among which it is necessary to highlight:
- universality;
- affordable cost;
- simple repair;
- compactness;
- maneuverability.
The TMZ Ant scooter was the first cargo copy of motorcycle equipment mass-produced in the USSR. The presence of a cargo platform that allows you to transport 250 kg of cargo at a speed of 60 km / h made the Ant very popular. It is enough to note the areas in which it was applied:
- transportation within the city, including small batches of products for restaurants, cafes and canteens.
- Intra-factory transportation, when small batches of certain components were moved between production shops.
- Transportation of small volumes of building materials, especially in urban areas.
- Carrying out transportation indoors, primarily for agricultural purposes (greenhouses, poultry farms, livestock farms).
For various modifications of the TMZ Ant scooter, four body options were used:
- open;
- open reduced (installed on the passenger-and-freight version);
- awning;
- van.
The most significant drawback is the lack of any comfort for the driver, who was forced to spend almost the entire working day behind the wheel of a scooter. It was especially difficult to work in winter, because, unlike two-wheeled mopeds, scooters and motorcycles, the cargo motor scooter Ant was operated at state enterprises in winter.
Device and technical parameters
The device of the Ant scooter was quite simple and consisted of the following main parts:
- engine;
- frame;
- transmission and suspension;
- electrical equipment;
- brake system;
- body.
Such a simple design of the scooter Ant 2M 01 and its wide unification with the two-wheeled Tulitsa (Tula) model allowed the owners to carry out repairs on their own.
The TMZ Ant scooter had the following technical characteristics and operational parameters (data for the modification of the Ant 2M scooter are given in brackets):
- Drive - 3x2.
- load capacity– 0.25 t (0.28 t).
- Engine:
- type - gasoline two-stroke,
- ignition - electronic;
- number of cylinders - 1,
- volume - 0.20 l,
- cooling option - forced air,
- power - 11.0 liters. With. (12.5 HP),
- carburetor - K-36G,
- fuel - a mixture of gasoline and oil (1/33).
- Dimensions:
- base - 1.78 m,
- length - 2.68 m,
- width - 1.25 m,
- height - 2.16 m,
- track - 1.05 m,
- ground clearance - 0.12 m.
- Transmission:
- type - mechanical,
- number of gears - 4,
- reverse gear - through a reverse gear,
- switching method - foot pedal.
- Common data:
- weight - 0.24 t,
- maximum speed - 60 km / h, (62 km / h),
- fuel tank volume - 13.0 l,
- fuel consumption - 6.2 l, (6.0 l),
- wheel size - 4.00–10.
The main disadvantages of the scooter and its modernization
The scooter Ant, like any technique, in addition to its positive qualities, also had disadvantages. At the same time, the existing shortcomings could be attributed both to the design, initially incorporated in the device, and to the operational ones that arise during the operation of the equipment.
According to the reviews of the owners, the design flaws that required alteration or the most frequent repair of a particular unit should include:
- an unsuccessful electrical circuit of the scooter, often leading to failure of the components (dyne-starter, relay-regulator, ignition coil), especially rainy weather;
- undeveloped device Gearboxes often with poor-quality factory assembly led to a crash during 2nd or 3rd gear operation. To eliminate it, the owners had to study the device of the box itself, as well as how to properly disassemble and then assemble the gearbox after repair;
- not a big difference in the fuel levels between the tank and the carburetor chamber led, with a small amount of fuel in the tank, to run on a lean mixture or stop the engine.
The most common operational disadvantages are:
- unstable ignition on Ant requiring frequent adjustments;
- short service life of brake pads;
- loss of hydraulic liquid shock absorbers, requiring disassembly, refueling and assembly of shock absorbers for repair;
- malfunction electrical equipment of the starter dyne under the influence of dirt, water, dust. The repair was carried out by disassembly-assembly, naming of the electrical circuit with the search and replacement of the failed element;
- the occurrence of cracks in the frame;
- oil leak in gearbox.
Very often, the owners, having gained experience in operating the Ant scooter, carried out modernization. But before proceeding with the implementation of the changes, the following issues were resolved:
- How much is it?
- What will the modified Ant look like?
- How to find and collect the necessary materials for upgrading?
- How much will the scooter weigh after the rework and how will this affect the technical characteristics?
- How long will it take to remodel?
After receiving positive answers to these questions, work on changes was carried out. Scooter Ant tuning, which made it possible to give it additional properties, boiled down to the following main alterations:
- Tipper installation bodies for transportation of bulk cargoes.
- Design change appearance.
- Installation of a hitch that allows you to work with various trailers and semi-trailers and equipment.
Versatility, cost and maintainability allowed the TMZ Muravey scooter to be compared in terms of output and popularity with such best Soviet models of motor vehicles as a heavy and light road motorcycle for the village.
