Wiring under the hood of the VAZ 2106. Wiring diagram

If not the most important, then one of the leading roles in ensuring that all systems and devices of the car function reliably is played by electrical wiring. Consider how the wiring on the VAZ 2110 is arranged, as well as how to provide the necessary conditions for its trouble-free operation and do it yourself.

Basic principles

Regardless of whether a carburetor or an injector is installed in your VAZ 2110, the basic principles for wiring are the same. Finding a wiring diagram is not at all difficult, the main thing is to understand it. Actually, at the location of the wiring is under the hood and salon.

Its basic principles are the same, and boil down to the fact that:

• Whatever device of the car, powered by electricity, you take, its connection will be single-wire. Moreover, the creators of the VAZ 2110 from the very beginning provided that both in the diagrams in the instruction manual and in reality, the colors of the wires would be clearly distributed. Simply put - all electrical equipment is connected using wires of a clearly defined color. Each unit has its own wiring harness enclosed in pads. Naturally, this was done so that it would be easier for those who are engaged in do-it-yourself repairs to understand this intricacies. Thus, the under-hood wiring replacement becomes more understandable. Tip: if you have a small problem with a particular piece of equipment and only need to replace one wire, it's best not to be greedy and not change it to the first one that comes across. Buy a full harness and replace it with the wire of the desired color - it will be easier for you later;
• the wire that supplies power to the positive terminal of the battery is always braided in red, it is also desirable not to change its color. In all schemes, it is designated as “P”, that is, plus;
• but the role of the "minus" (in other words - the masses) is assigned to the car body;
• all conclusions of any consumers of electricity are directly connected to the body;
• each system to which an electrician is connected has its own wiring harness.

The VAZ 2110 constantly, if the battery is connected, all electrical equipment is energized. That is why, in fact, before starting any repair (especially if it is related to the electrical part of the car), it is strongly recommended to disconnect the battery.

Contactless system

In addition, the electrician is also represented by a non-contact system - it is needed for the effective formation of a spark for the combustion of the fuel mixture. This system cannot operate without high voltage wires.

carbureted car

When the first VAZ 2110s were just starting to roll off the assembly line, their equipment included a carburetor, which later changed the injector as a more modern and reliable system that ensures economical and stable engine operation. Engine wiring with a carburetor includes almost the same vehicle life support systems as with an injector.

Moreover, if you, for example, decide to change the carburetor to an injector, you will not have any special problems, you can install all the electrical equipment quite easily. The fact is that both in the older VAZ 2110 and in modern ones, the engine compartment electrics are almost the same.

Moreover, the engine compartment wiring has identical plugs. Of course, with such a do-it-yourself alteration, it is best to change the entire wiring harness, since the old ones may have defects and malfunctions that are invisible to the eye.

The only thing you have to add when installing the injector, and with it the necessary components, is to lay an additional wire from the fuel pump to the on-board computer.

Such a replacement will be justified, since the carburetor is already an outdated part of the car. It is both less reliable and unable to provide such an accurate supply of the fuel mixture.

Injector "ten"

In addition to the wiring that is provided for the VAZ 2110-carburetor, the "ten" - the injector is also equipped with a number of fuses that protect almost all of it from the possibility of a short circuit.

Structurally, fuses are not provided only for supplying electricians with a relay wire from the battery, in the machine start and ignition circuits, as well as for the wire going to the generator.

In addition, the injector (unlike the carburetor) is a more complex system, and in order to fix it yourself, you need to understand it well. The controller in this wiring system “reads” the operation of all systems, thereby determining and setting many indicators - fuel mixture calculation, etc.

Breakdown detection

In fact, troubleshooting the wiring must begin to look in the contacts. Moreover, you need to check all the wires that are included in the bundle: their visual integrity, resistance, reliability of contacts, etc.

Particular attention should be directed to the inspection and, possibly, replacement of high-voltage wires. Why on them? Because the engine compartment where they are located is not very favorable for electrical wiring, and the task facing them is very important. The high-voltage wires are responsible for transmitting impulses to the spark plugs from the ignition coil.

Signs of their failure:

1. There are noises in the operation of the radio, which was not observed before;
2. The car jerks;
3. Fuel consumption increases;
4. The engine "chokes" at low speeds;
5. Exhaust becomes more toxic.

Prevention

Suspecting a malfunction, it is necessary to check the resistance of high-voltage wires with a multimeter. The black wire must be installed in the left hole, in the middle - red. The multimeter should be in the blue 20 position, the probes should be connected to each other.

If the resistance is zero, then everything is in order. If the multimeter needle shows 1, then the resistance is above the limit, such a wire must be replaced. Moreover, keep in mind that different wires can produce different resistance due to the difference in length.

Since the engine compartment is aggressive, even if one of the high-voltage ones gives out increased resistance, you need to change all the wires on the VAZ 2110, because if one fails, others will soon fail.

Making a replacement with your own hands is not at all difficult, you only need accuracy and care. And once again we remind you: before climbing to the wires, disconnect the battery!

The legend of the domestic automobile industry, the VAZ 2101, adopted almost all the best features from its Italian donor, and in some ways it became even more profitable to differ from the Fiat 124. As a result of test rallies, some shortcomings in the design of the Italian car were revealed, and only Soviet roads heroically helped to identify them , eliminate and refine the design of the penny to the proper level

These changes also affected the electrical equipment of the VAZ 2101, in particular, the location of some electrical appliances. We found a real factory wiring diagram for a 1970 Zhiguli, and we are happy to provide it for study.

The sources of electrical energy are the generator and which are connected in parallel. The voltage of 12 volts is considered nominal, but its value may fluctuate, depending on the operating conditions of the engine. At high engine speeds, the voltage in the network can reach no more than 14 volts, and at low speeds - at least 11. All electrical appliances that are installed on board the car are designed for this voltage range and can work at these values ​​without interruption.

To adjust the voltage that the generator produces, a relay-regulator is provided in the circuit. His duties include monitoring the voltage at the output of the generator, and when the readings fall, the relay sends a signal to the control lamp located on the instrument panel. At low voltage, it can be discharged ahead of time, do not have time to recharge, which can disable it. If the charging voltage is too high, the electrolyte may boil, which will also lead to nothing good.

Fuse block VAZ 2101

If short circuits occur in the circuit during the operation of the car, then the current strength in the damaged area increases. If the damaged circuit is not disconnected from the mains, it can drain the battery very quickly, the wires can overheat, which will cause a high probability of fire, melting of the wires and upholstery of the car. In order to avoid this, the entire wiring diagram is divided into ten zones, the state of which is controlled by a certain fuse.

The fuses are assembled in a single block, numbered, and we can know exactly when a certain fuse blows, in which circuit a short circuit occurred. This can be tracked both according to the diagram and according to the pointers on the body of the fuse box cover.

Car relay VAZ 2101

Some VAZ 2101 electrical appliances have quite serious power, consume high currents, and in order to protect the contacts of the switches from overloads, relays are used in the electrical circuit. Only electromagnetic relays were installed on a penny, and most of them were located under the hood of the car. Only the turn signal relay was installed under the instrument panel. Under the hood were installed:

All relays on a VAZ 2101 car cannot be repaired, and in case of failure they are replaced with new ones.

A contact ignition system was installed on a VAZ 2101 car, which was distinguished by its simplicity and reliability. Nevertheless, some elements require special care, and first of all this applies to the distributor.

In the absence of a spark on the spark plugs, we can confidently talk about the involvement of the distributor. The sore point of the contact distributor was the cover, which used to start microcracks. They cannot be determined visually, but voltage leaked through them and a spark hit the case. You can check this only on a special stand, or in complete darkness, when sparks from the distributor cover are visible.

There is nothing complicated in the electrical circuit of a penny, you just need to know it, then any trouble with electrical equipment can be easily detected. Respect your 2101, and good luck on the road!

The main feature of the electrical circuit of classic cars of the VAZ family is single-wire. Those. all negative terminals of nodes and devices are directly connected to the "mass" of the car, which essentially performs the function of a second wire.

Thanks to this design solution, the wiring of the VAZ 2106 is as follows:

1. The main electrical circuits of the car are activated only through the ignition switch;
2. Electrical mechanisms responsible for safety are connected directly to the battery through the fuse box;
3. The cases of all the main components of the car are conductive.

Warning: be sure to remove the negative terminal from the battery whenever you remove this or that part.
Accidental contact of metal tools with the terminals and housing will result in a short circuit.

Egnition lock

When servicing a car with your own hands, it is often necessary to find out the reason for the failure of a particular electrical system..
It is best to start looking for failures with the ignition switch, since this device performs several functions in a car:

1. It is the control mechanism of the ignition system;
2. Acts as a security and anti-theft system;
3. Allows you to tow a car with the alarm on.

The diagram shows:

1. Rechargeable battery with a negative terminal connected to ground (car body);
2. Electric starter with output "50" from the ignition switch through the starting relay;
3. Generator;
4. Fuse block;
5. Egnition lock;
6. Start relay.

The ignition lock has 4 positions, upon activation of which re-switching occurs:

1. In position "0", battery power is supplied only to terminals 30 and 30/1. All other systems are disabled;
2. In the "I" position, terminal 30-INT and 30/1-15 are energized. In this mode, only side lights, windshield wiper, heater fan can work;
3. In position "II", terminal 30-50 is added to those already connected. The ignition system, starter, instrumentation on the panel, marker lights and turns are activated;
4. In position III, only side lights, horn and windshield wipers remain active. Power is supplied to terminals 30-INT and 30/1.

Additional (non-standard) instruments and equipment

On some modifications of the VAZ 2106 car, the following are installed:

1. rear window heating system;
2. windshield washer, equipped with an electric drive;
3. relay for turning on the low beam headlights.

Accordingly, the wiring on the VAZ 2106 is different for such modifications. In particular, these devices are powered by a separate wire through the ignition switch. It can only be activated in key positions "I" and "II".

For reference: since the washer reservoir is made of plastic, the electric motor receives a “minus” through the wire.
When replacing, do not forget to put on the contacts a protective plastic casing.

Features of the electrical network

In a VAZ 2106 car, they are constantly energized, regardless of the position of the key in the ignition:

1. Electric circuit of sound signals (klaxon);
2. Incandescent brake lights;
3. Alarm;
4. cigarette lighter;
5. Plug socket for portable lamp;
6. Illumination lamps built into the ends of the front doors.

For reference: The factory instruction informs that this was done specifically for emergency situations. For example, to prevent a possible accident, when the safety of people and the car depends on the speed of response to a threat.

Fuses

The main electrical equipment of the VAZ 2106 car is protected by fuses.

They are arranged in blocks:

1. Basic;
2. Additional;

And are located on the left side of the driver's seat under the instrument panel.

In the diagram, numbers and arrows indicate:

1. lever drive lock on the hood of the car;
2. main fuse block;
3. additional fuse block.

For reference: the VAZ 2106 generator and wiring to it, as well as the wire for charging the battery, starter, ignition coil, power for the high beam relay are not equipped with fuses.

The main fuse box on the VAZ 2106 is responsible for the safety of all electrical systems. And depending on the technical features of their work, the nominal resistance of the fuses depends.

For reference: if the current in one of the protected circuits exceeds the allowable value, then the safety thread will melt and open the circuit. As a result, the wiring to the VAZ 2106, as well as connected devices and devices, will not be affected.

An additional fuse box protects:

1. circuit for the cooling fan motor;
2. direction indicator and alarm circuit.

1. Headlights. 2. Sidelights. 3. Side direction indicators. 4. Storage battery 5. Relay of a control lamp of a charge of the storage battery. 6. Relay for turning on the dipped beam of headlights VAZ 2101. 7. Relay for turning on the high beam of headlights. 8. VAZ 2101 generator. 9. VAZ 2101 starter. 10. Hood lamp. 11. Spark plugs VAZ 2101. 12. Oil pressure warning lamp sensor. 13. Coolant temperature indicator sensor VAZ 2101. 14. Sound signals VAZ 2101. 15. Ignition distributor. 16. Wiper motor VAZ 2101. 17. Brake fluid level indicator light sensor. 18. Ignition coil VAZ 2101. 19. Windshield washer motor. 20. VAZ 2101 voltage regulator. 21. VAZ 2101 heater electric motor. 22. Glove box lighting lamp. 23. Additional resistor of the heater motor. 24. Socket for portable lamp. 25. The switch of a control lamp of a parking brake. 26. Brake signal switch. 27. Relay-interrupter for direction indicators VAZ 2101. 28. Reversing light switch. 29. Fuse box. 30. Relay-breaker of a control lamp of a parking brake. 31. VAZ 2101 wiper relay. 32. VAZ 2101 heater motor switch. 33. Cigarette lighter. 34. Light switches located in the rear door pillars. 35. Light switches located in the front door pillars. 36. Plafonds. 37. Ignition switch VAZ 2101. 38. Instrument panel VAZ 2101. 39. Coolant temperature gauge VAZ 2101. 40. Headlight high beam indicator lamp 41. External lighting control lamp. 42. Indicator lamp for direction indicators VAZ 2101. 43. Indicator lamp for the battery charge. 44. Oil pressure warning lamp VAZ 2101. 45. Parking brake and brake fluid level warning lamp. 46. ​​Fuel gauge VAZ 2101. 47. Fuel reserve warning lamp. 48. Dashboard lighting lamp. 49. Headlight switch. 50. Turn signal switch VAZ 2101. 51. Horn switch. 52. Windshield washer switch. 53. Wiper switch. 54. Outdoor lighting switch. 55. Instrument lighting switch. 56. Sensor for level indicator and fuel reserve. 57. Trunk lighting lamp. 58. Rear lights VAZ 2101. 59. License plate light. 60. Lantern reversing light.

The second version of the electrical equipment VAZ 2101

1 - side direction indicator UP140 with a tubular lamp (4 W) and an orange diffuser.
2 - front position lamp PF140 (sidelight) with a double-filament lamp (5 + 21 W) for designating the size and indicating the turn.
3 - sensor MM120 of the control lamp about the drop in oil pressure in the VAZ 2101 engine.
4 - sensor TM106 for an electric indicator of the temperature of the coolant in the engine.
5 - headlight FP40 with a double-filament lamp (45 + 40 W) for high and low beams.
6 - ignition coil B117.
7 - ignition distributor P125 with a centrifugal ignition timing controller and an octane corrector.
8 - electric sound signals of high and low tone C305 and C304.
9 - spark plug A7.5XS or A7.5BS with M14X1.25 thread.
10 - engine compartment lamp PD140 with push-button switching.
11 - electric starter ST221 (1.77 hp) with mixed excitation.
12 - electromagnetic traction relay for turning on the starter.
13 - alternator G221 (500 W, 42 A) with a built-in silicon rectifier.
14 - battery 6-ST-55 EM.
15 - automatic, two-stage, electromagnetic voltage regulator PP380.
16 - relay PC702 of the control lamp for signaling the termination of charging the battery.
17 - resistor (additional resistance - 1 Ohm) of the heater fan motor.
18 - electric motor ME240 heater fan.
19 - relay-breaker PC492 of the control lamp for signaling the handbrake.
20 - electromagnetic relay RS514 of the VAZ 2101 wiper.
21 - electric motor ME241 (ME241A) of the SL191 wiper.
22 - relay-breaker RS491 of direction indicators VAZ 2101.
23 - VK412 brake signal switch.
24 - fuse block PRI 2 (nine inserts of 8 A and one - 16 A).
25 - LV211 lamp for lighting the glove box.
26 - lamp (4 W) for lighting the cigarette lighter socket.
27 - electric cigarette lighter PT10.
28 - three-position switch VK408 of the heater electric motor.
29 - VKZZZ switch (lock) for ignition and starter or VK347 with an anti-theft device.
30 - three-position wiper switch.
31 - instrument panel lighting switch.
32 - outdoor lighting switch.
33 - switch (button) of the sound signal.
34 - switch P135 for headlights and light signaling by flashing light.
35 - switch P135 direction indicators.
36 - shield (combination) of control devices KP191.
37 - cartridge PS500 portable lamp.
38 - switch VK409 hand brake warning lamp.
39 - sensor BM150 of the level and reserve of fuel in the tank.
40 - push-button switch VK407 of the front door cover.
41 - push-button switch of the rear door cover.
42 - ceiling lamp PK140 with a tubular lamp (5 W) for lighting the car interior.
43 - lamp LB218 (4 W) for lighting the trunk.
44 - lamp FP141 for license plate lighting with two lamps (5 W each).
45 - brake light and position lamp with a double-filament brake light (21 W) and size designation (5 W) with a red diffuser.
46 - taillight P140.
47 - rear turn signal with 21 W lamp with orange diffuser.

In order for the car to work as efficiently and reliably as possible, the coordinated work of all its systems is required. One of the leading roles in this matter is occupied by electrical wiring.

Today we will talk about the wiring diagram that is used on VAZ 2110 cars, study the main components, consider the difference between injection and carburetor versions.

Basic principles

Regardless of the type of engine used, the basis for the wiring used in the VAZ 2110 car is the same. It is easy to find the scheme, but not so easy to understand it.

Consider the basic principles of wiring.

1. All equipment and devices powered by electricity in the VAZ 2110 car are based on a single-wire connection. The designers of the VAZ specifically provided for the wires of certain colors to be responsible for each of their functions. Therefore, certain equipment is connected using wires of its own color. This allows you to independently understand the wiring, it is easier to carry out repairs and not spend money on car services.
2. Minus on the VAZ 2110, that is, the mass is directly the car body.
3. The positive battery wire on the top ten always goes only in red. Therefore, when repairing, try not to change the color of the wire, so as not to confuse yourself.
4. For each system that is connected to the electrics, it is equipped with its own separate wiring harness.
5. VAZ 2110 is designed in such a way that when the battery is on, all electrics and electrical equipment are energized. This is the most common recommendation that you have seen more than once in our materials, where we described the repair or replacement of certain components - disconnecting the negative terminal from the battery.
6. Do not forget about the existence of the so-called contactless system. This system is required to create a high-quality spark, which is simply necessary to ensure the combustion of the air-fuel mixture. In order for a non-contact system to function, high-voltage devices are indispensable.

Carburetor models

The first versions of the VAZ 2110 model, which the domestic plant began to produce, were equipped exclusively with carburetor engines. Only some time later, more modern injection versions appeared. They are objectively better. But this does not take away the fact that many have dozens of them under the hood with a carburetor.

Are there significant differences in terms of wiring between a carburetor and an injector? You can say no. The systems at the carburetor are used almost completely the same as on the more modern version.

Also, you will not encounter serious problems in the form of electrical wiring if you suddenly want to replace the carburetor engine with an injection one or equip the car with additional electrical equipment. In the engine compartment, you will even find identical plugs.

The only nuance of the transition from the carburetor to the injector is the need to install additional wiring from the fuel pump to the on-board computer.

Injector

In addition to wiring, which is identical to the carburetor and injector, the latter is additionally equipped with fuses and sensors.

In practice, due to the large number of regulators that ensure the operation of the electronic engine control unit of the injection type for 8 or 16 valves (it is not on the carburetor), the system is more complex. To repair it, you need to carefully understand all the components and their location.

Wiring is divided into salon and engine compartment. We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the wiring diagram when viewed from above, and also figure out what element means in this diagram.

Part number	What does
	block headlight
	Front brake pad wear sensor
	Reversing light switch
	Motor cooling fan motor
	Klaxon or horn
	Lock motor detector on the front right door
	Power window activation relay
	8 A fuse
	Battery
	Generator
	Electric motor for windshield washer
	Washer fluid level sensor
	Geared motor for blocking the lock of the front left door
	Front Left Power Window Regulator
	Coolant level sensor
	Windshield brush motor (wipers)
	Recirculation valve
	Stove damper micromotor
	Stove electric motor
	Luggage compartment lock switch
	Front right window regulator
	Power window motor reducer front right door
	Door lock control unit
	Dopresistor of the electric motor of the stove
	Brake fluid level sensor
	Front left door power window motor
	outdoor lighting controller
	Instrument cluster on the panel
	Rear fog light switch
	Fog warning lamp
	Control lamp of heating of back glass
	Heated rear window switch
	Steering column control (switch)
	Dashboard light switch
	ignition switch
	Mounting block
	Recirculation valve switch
	Heater regulator
	Hazard switch
	Illumination lamp with the lever of the heater controllers
	Glove box light
	cigarette lighter
	Display unit of the onboard control system
	Ashtray lamp
	Brake light switch
	Rear left door lock motor reducer
	Rear Left Door Window Regulator
	Rear left door power window motor
	Socket for connecting a portable lamp
	Rear Right Door Power Window Motor
	Rear Right Window Regulator
	Motor reducer of blocking of the lock of a back right door
	Side turn signal indicator
	Parking brake light switch
	Driver's seat belt sensor
	Plafond of directional light
	Interior lighting dome
	Interior temperature sensor
	Front door pillar switch
	Rear door pillar switch
	Outside rear light
	Internal rear light
	License plate lamps
	Luggage compartment light

troubleshooting

The search for any wiring fault always begins with the contacts.

To check the condition of the contacts, it is necessary to carefully inspect the wires included in the system harness. This is done in different ways. Namely:

• Visual integrity check;
• Checking the resistance device;
• Inspection of reliability, integrity of contacts, etc.

Pay special attention to high voltage wires. They have a great responsibility to ensure the performance of all volatile equipment. But at the same time they are in a rather unfavorable environment. That is why a common cause of failure of a device is a wiring problem.

There are several main signs of a malfunction in high-voltage wires:

• When the radio is on, noises are heard that were not there before;
• When driving, the car periodically twitches;
• Increased fuel consumption;
• The engine starts to choke at low speeds;
• Exhaust toxicity is significantly increased.

Prevention measures

If you notice or suspect that there are any problems with the wiring, use a multimeter to check the resistance of high voltages. This is done as follows:

• The black wire is inserted into the left hole;
• The red wire is installed in the middle;
• The multimeter is turned on in the blue twenty position;
• The probes are closed to each other;
• If the multimeter shows that the resistance is zero, then everything is fine with high voltage;
• If the arrow points to 1, then the resistance is above normal. This indicates that the damaged wire must be replaced.

golden rules

There are two basic rules associated with checking and replacing the high-voltage wires of your VAZ 2110 electrical circuit. Be sure to rely on them.

1. Different wires can show different resistance. This is due to the difference in length. Therefore, take into account the tips from the instruction manual, which indicate the normal resistance indicators of a particular high-voltage device.
2. An aggressive environment is always observed under the hood, which can lead to the failure of one of the high-voltage transformers. But if one wire gives out increased resistance, everything still needs to be changed. Because over time, the rest will also fail if one of them has already suffered.

Before trying to change or repair the wiring with your own hands, be sure to disconnect the negative terminal from the battery. An incredibly important rule that should never be forgotten.