A distinctive feature of this car was its spaciousness and carrying capacity. So, with the rear seat folded down in the cabin of this “station wagon”, a flat platform was created on which it was convenient to place an overall load. At the same time, a high ceiling in combination with this platform made it possible to place a rather serious object inside the car, such as a wardrobe or a refrigerator.
The rigid springs of the car made it possible to take five people “on board”, while it was possible to carry up to 176 kilograms of cargo with them, and in the event that the crew of the car was only two people, the weight of the accompanying cargo increased to 400 kilograms.
The technology for manufacturing the sidewall of the GAZ-22 body was interesting. The fact is that for this, a standard one-piece stamped sidewall of the GAZ-21 body was taken and the upper rear part was manually cut off from it. Instead, a new separately stamped part was installed.
Unlike the base model, more load-bearing tires 7.00-15" were installed on the station wagon. It was also possible to use tires from a ZIM car on it.
As we already wrote, it was impossible to purchase a GAZ-22 for personal use in the USSR. This was due, firstly, to the fact that even the usual Volga was available to a very limited circle of Soviet citizens, in addition, its modification "station wagon" made it possible, due to its carrying capacity, to engage in various types of individual labor activity, which in the USSR, to put it mildly, was not welcome.
Therefore, all produced cars of this brand went to government organizations, and preference was given to special services: police, ambulance, gas service. Some of them worked in taxi companies, as well as in trade. These cars were not sold to private individuals, and if a citizen somehow managed to acquire a similar “station wagon” decommissioned from a state organization, he was not registered in his name and, accordingly, he did not have the right to drive it. Soviet citizens were allowed to purchase the GAZ-22 only in the early 70s, when this car was taken out of production and they began to be written off en masse from the balance of state organizations.
Prior to this, as an exception, only one Soviet citizen was allowed to purchase such a car - the national artist Yuri Nikulin, who had all-Union fame. This permission was motivated by the need to transport heavy circus equipment by Nikulin. At the same time, during the operation, the car showed itself to them only from the best side, so sometimes it almost doubled the load capacity of 400 kilograms withered on the passport.
In the design of the GAZ-22, all the same angles and units were used as in the GAZ-21 sedan of the third series: three engine options with a capacity of 75, 80 and 85 horsepower, the same gearbox and bridge, while the chassis and interior design of it was modified to meet the requirements of a universal body.
In 1965, all the Volga went through a modification. So the spars were reinforced on them, the wipers were lengthened, the hub bearings were replaced, and the indices of their models were also changed. So the base station wagon became known as GAZ-22V, and the car intended for export - GAZ-22M.
Like the base cars GAZ-21 "Volga", its "universal" version of the GAZ-22 was delivered abroad, including not only to the countries of the socialist camp. The English magazine "The Motor" even published a special article in July 1964, in which he praised his cross-country ability, capacity, durability, as well as a high margin of structural strength. Of the shortcomings, the old-fashioned design was noted, as well as the low dynamism of the machine.
In this article, the GAZ-22 was recommended for purchase by farmers because of its practicality and versatility. In addition, the author of the article, Rab Cooke, paid special attention to the comparatively low price of the car, which amounted to 998 pounds including taxes. At the same time, he criticized the lack of servos in the Soviet car, the outdated design, as well as the limited ability to adjust the front sofa.
Since the GAZ-22 was a kind of satellite of the GAZ-21, its production ceased along with it in June 1970. At present, the population still has a sufficient number of these “generalists” of varying degrees of preservation in their hands. They are also in museums, for example, in the GAZ automobile museum, where almost all modifications of the GAZ-22 are collected.
RAF 977 is a serial bus of especially small capacity, built on a platform and using GAZ-21 Volga units and assemblies, with an all-metal body with a supporting base. The steering and instrument panel were installed from the Moskvich-408 car. The engine was located in the front overhang under the casing in the driver's cab between the driver's workplace and the passenger's seat. The car body was sheathed with steel panels, to lighten the roof, its middle part was an aluminum panel. Two doors led into the cabin from the driver and passenger sides. Two doors led to the salon, designed for 10 seats, including the driver: on the starboard side in the base and in the rear panel of the body. In 1961, the modernized RAF-977D was created. It differed from the RAF-977 by a curved windshield installed instead of a V-shaped one, by the presence of aluminum moldings on the sides along the “skirt” and under the window line, which hid the seams between the body panels. Also on the RAF-977D, a narrow grille appeared above the front bumper. In the mid-1960s, the RAF-977D underwent some changes - the windows in the curves of the body in the rear and the glazing of the roof slopes disappeared, the frames of the cab doors and door hinges changed. In 1967, the next upgrade was presented - RAF-977DM. The external differences between the RAF-977DM modification and the RAF-977D were in a wider passenger door, in the appearance of two wide windows behind the door on the starboard side and three on the left instead of the previous three and five, respectively, due to the widening of the door, the window between the passenger doors on the right side disappeared board. The car had a mechanical three-speed gearbox, and was also equipped with a 4-cylinder carburetor engine with a capacity of 75 horsepower and a displacement of 2.4 liters.RAF-977 was widely used in the service of the units of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs, both in the basic version and in the special version. For operational needs, the special vehicle was retrofitted: the front wall of the body, separating it from the driver's cab, was dismantled in order to improve visibility through the windshield; in the working compartment, three double soft bus-type seats were installed; a heating installation was installed to heat the body in the winter. The car was equipped with a radio station, on which both the driver and the passenger sitting next to him, and the employees located in the cabin, could work, a portable radio station to maintain communication with the task force, which was no more than 2 km away from the car, an alternating current generator, a rotary spotlight above the driver's cab to illuminate the area or premises when examining the scene of the incident, as well as an electric sound siren and a flashing light beacon. In a number of cases, a special platform was mounted on the roof of the car body to photograph the scene of the incident from the top point. In order to carry out the inspection and formalize its results, the RAF was equipped with the necessary accessories, equipment and tools, including an expert suitcase with a set of instruments for detecting, fixing and removing traces, taking measurements, and drawing up plans. The set of equipment consisted of a megaphone, a tape recorder for recording the speech of victims and witnesses, a mine detector, an ultraviolet illuminator, a tripod magnifier, a reel with a cable and an external lighting device powered by the on-board network, a tripod with a universal head, canisters for water and gypsum, folding stands with color tape for fencing the scene, entrenching tool. The bulk of the vehicles were used by patrol services, in the traffic police, and also as mobile laboratories.
The first version of this model was released in 2008 by the St. Petersburg company VMM. A little over a year ago, in February 2012, the GAZ-M21 "Volga" model was released in the European Véhicule de police du monde series - the most impatient collectors have long put such a machine on the shelves. Those for whom endurance has not changed, ebay is not available, and it was a pity for money, have the opportunity to buy a model of the police "Volga" of the first series in all domestic kiosks for 300 rubles - it became the eighth issue of the "Police Cars of the World" magazine series.
True collectors still demand photographic evidence of the existence of the prototype in addition to the well-known remake machine, but in general the color scheme corresponds to the period, and this time the Chinese product came out of quite decent quality - you see, they could not separate the production for the Russian and European series. Although the wheels for the domestic market were painted beige for some reason, and not red, and the “swearing gun” was installed with a different design. For the rest - the long-familiar form of "Volga" from IXO. Not bad. 
The radiator lining of the Russian version is not tinted, the wheels are beige, not red, the mouthpiece of a different design, with a red stripe, slightly missed, the main color of a slightly different shade - for those who seek nuances and differences in different circulations and editions, there are plenty of reasons to take another machine. 
A foreign typewriter is supposed to have a box, a domestic edition is packed in a cloudy oiled blister. 
Car model: 1956 GAZ-M21 "Volga" Police of the USSR
Model name: Volga M21
Manufacturer: PCT (IXO) commissioned by DeAgostini
Release Date: May 07, 2013
Part number: none
Series: magazine "Police cars of the world" No. 8
Circulation: declared circulation 160,000 copies.
Short Opinion: Third Exit
Subjective rating: 7/10
Photos are reduced to 800 pixels, click to find a picture with a width of 1200 pixels
The backup copy is located here:
The growth of the car fleet in large cities (primarily in Moscow and Leningrad) has led to an increase in the number of accidents. This led to the forced creation of a special service that would be responsible for ensuring order and traffic safety. The first employees, in order to increase efficiency and increase the "coverage" of the territory for which they were responsible, received bicycles as official transport, for which contemporaries called bicycle patrols "scooters".
ORUD + GAI = security
In 1925, the Moscow City Council created the first in the USSR Department of Traffic Regulation - ORUD. He was not only involved in ensuring traffic safety and compliance with traffic rules by its participants, but also carried out the registration of cars and the issuance of driver's licenses. Subsequently, the ORUD became a state system, and its task was to regulate and ensure traffic safety on the roads, while the State Automobile Inspectorate began to deal with the rest of the "apparatus-administrative" functions.
1 / 2
2 / 2
Of course, none of the other service could do without cars as transport - after all, chasing violators on a bicycle or on foot would be somewhat ridiculous. The main (albeit rather small) pre-war ORUD vehicle was, of course, the "emka" - GAZ M-1 without special coloring. However, motorcycles were a much more widespread and familiar means of transport for Orudo operatives, on which they chased rare auto-violators. In the post-war period, "demobilized" GAZ-67Bs also began to serve in the ORUD, but they were not very suitable for patrolling in urban areas.
Hardships and hardships
Alas, in the first years after the end of the Great Patriotic War, the technical support of the ORUD service was simply deplorable. Apart from the "trophies" and "demobilizations", the ORUD did not have any specialized transport until the start of mass production of Muscovites and Pobeda. It was these cars that first tried on the "traffic police uniform" - a special coloring - and received equipment by which they could be unmistakably distinguished from ordinary civilian vehicles. The dark blue body color, red stripes on the sides and a loudspeaker on the roof indicated that the car belonged to the ORUD / GAI of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs. Of course, the amount of equipment supplied to the patrol officers was still far from what was necessary, and its technical condition was far from always ideal, because cars were often handed over to law enforcement officers after being decommissioned from other state-owned fleets. As in the pre-war period, until the mid-fifties, operatives most often used not cars, but motorcycles to perform their official duties.
1 / 5
2 / 5
3 / 5
4 / 5
5 / 5
It is interesting that cars on the chassis and all-wheel drive GAZ 63-A were used as staff buses of the police, on the frame of which a passenger cabin with windows was installed instead of a body. Its color, as well as the color of the paintwork of the driver's cab, corresponded to the color scheme of the cars of this service - dark blue with red stripes on the sidewalls in accordance with the order of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs No.
Soviet Muscovites served in the Hungarian police
The equipment of the rest of the ORUD/GAI service vehicles was just as meager - from the special equipment one can only remember a loudspeaker on the roof, and flashing beacons appeared much later. Some inspectors installed a signal lamp with frosted glass under the windshield, which, when flashing, indicated to passers-by that the car was going on an operational mission.
However, ordinary traffic controllers usually drove two- or three-wheeled Urals at all, and the pursuit of the offender shown in the film "Beware of the Car" was pure exoticism. That is why official Muscovites and Pobeda did not need any super-powerful engines - there were few cars on the roads, and they did not drive too fast. In addition, until the seventies, there were simply no speed limits in Soviet traffic rules!
1 / 2
2 / 2
In 1956, the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR adopted a resolution to deal with accidents, according to which the traffic police had the authority to prohibit the operation of cars and motorcycles, as well as to deprive drivers of the rights for driving while intoxicated. In fact, from this period until the beginning of the sixties, the ORUD and GAI services performed part of the functions in parallel, but in 1961 the first unified traffic rules were adopted in the USSR, and the two services were reorganized into one, called ORUD-GAI.
In 1962, instead of dark blue, turquoise was introduced as the standard for police cars, but many "experienced" cars retained their original red and blue color until they were retired from service.
Soviet traffic police cars
At this time, the Volga became the main four-wheeled transport of Soviet policemen. "Twenty-first" managed to try on all three types of official coloring, because in addition to the already mentioned dark blue and turquoise, since 1968 traffic police cars began to be painted bright yellow with a dark blue stripe. The Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR at that moment was headed by N. A. Shchelokov, and a year later, in 1969, the unified traffic police service of the State Traffic Inspectorate began to ensure traffic safety.
1 / 3
2 / 3
3 / 3
The "traffic cop" Volga differed from other police cars in coloring features: the coat of arms of the USSR was necessarily placed on the door of the traffic police car, and the inscription "GAI" on the trunk lid. It was at this time that, in addition to loudspeakers, special blue flashing beacons appeared on the roofs of the patrols. In addition, traffic police cars were equipped with additional lighting equipment - front foglights and a searchlight. The engine power of the "twenty first" Volga GAI of the USSR ranged from 70 to 85 hp. with., and the tuning of the engines allowed them to work in the regions even on A-66 gasoline, while in large cities forced modifications were used, designed for "seventy-sixth" gasoline.
1 / 4
2 / 4
3 / 4
4 / 4
A frame from the film "Ivan Vasilyevich Changes His Profession". The newest "patrol" is clearly visible - GAZ-24 with the coat of arms of the USSR on the door In a year, the ministry bought 200 Volga for the needs of traffic cops, and after the M-21 model was discontinued, the “canary uniform” was immediately tried on by a novelty - the GAZ-24 model. In parallel with the Volga, the traffic police also used other Soviet-made cars - Moskvich, GAZ-69 and UAZ.
Of course, since 1971, the Soviet state traffic inspectors began to use the latest Zhiguli as "servants" - first the 2101 model, and as the next models came out, they too.
As before, the coloring of special vehicles was strictly regulated, and their equipment included a "chandelier" and SGU.
1 / 4
2 / 4
3 / 4
4 / 4
1 / 3
2 / 3
3 / 3
In addition to the usual Zhiguli and Volga, in 1976 the Soviet government received several Mercedes-Benz W116 police cars from the former German Chancellor Willy Brandt. They were painted in the yellow color required by the scheme at the factory, and the rest of the special coloring elements were already applied in the USSR. The modification of the 350SE with a manual transmission differed from the standard S-class in special equipment, which included a telephone, a walkie-talkie, control of flashing beacons, etc.
1 / 3
2 / 3
3 / 3
In addition to Mercedes, several BMW E12s also worked in the capital's traffic police. Foreign cars entered the service of the State traffic inspectorate in connection with the Olympics-80 in Moscow, the official supplier of which in 1979 was the Daimler-Benz concern. For five years, he supplied special vehicles to the USSR, among which were passenger cars of the traffic police.
1 / 3
2 / 3
3 / 3
1 / 4
2 / 4
3 / 4
4 / 4
To solve other problems of various departments of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs, appropriate modifications of Soviet-made cars were used. For example, there was a modification of the AFC for the duty units of the internal affairs department, in which the operatives went to the scene of incidents and crimes.
1 / 2
2 / 2
The famous "moon rover" - a police UAZ with an all-metal roof - was produced in many modifications. After all, special vehicles based on the UAZ-469 (later - 31512) were used both by the PPS units for the protection of public law and order, and by the traffic police of the traffic police for patrolling and ensuring road safety. Yes, and the crews of the sobering-up stations took those who "got over" from the street to their establishments precisely on such UAZs.
In the seventies, a batch of RAF-22033 was manufactured at the Riga Bus Plant, which were distinguished by the presence of a stereophotogrammetric installation (ADTP-S), which made it possible to determine the sizes, shapes and spatial positions of objects from a stereo pair of photographs. Volumetric fixation made it possible to get rid of the usual measurements using a tape measure and manually sketching the accident scheme. In order to fix the scheme of the accident, it was enough just to arrange the cones and photograph them using the installation.
In addition, the equipment of such a special vehicle included other useful instruments and measuring equipment - a tape recorder, a camera, a voice recorder, a typewriter and a gas analyzer. Alas, later the serial "traffic cop" RAFs differed from the usual ones only in special paint and the installation of an SGU on the roof.
In the eighties, in small quantities, some units of the State traffic inspectorate received Zhiguli, equipped not with an ordinary piston engine, but with one- or two-section VAZ rotary engines that produced from 70 to 120 hp. With. respectively. For the police, the increased dynamic characteristics of cars with a rotor turned out to be most welcome, but the plant could get systematized statistics on the operation of cars with this type of engine. Alas, the age of the rotor was short-lived, and the lion's share of the cars of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs in the eighties was still made up of ordinary Zhiguli and Volga.
I sell models from the series Autolegends of the USSR, Car in service. Models without defects, without marriage. The presence of a blister in the photo.
The models for sale are the ones pictured.
By purchasing an item or placing a bid, you agree to the following terms:
1. Term of communication - 1 (one) day from the date of purchase. Buyer says:
name of the recipient;
Full postal address;
Mobile phone number and pick-up point of the transport company CDEK (if the shipment conditions indicate the method of sending "TK CDEK to the pick-up point").
If at the specified time the buyer does not provide the specified information, then the transaction may be recognized by me as failed due to the fault of the buyer, the lot may be put up for resale, an appropriate review may be added about the buyer.
2. The term of payment for the lot is 7 (seven) days. If the lot is not redeemed within the specified period, then the transaction may be recognized by me as failed due to the fault of the buyer, the lot may be put up for resale, an appropriate review may be added about the buyer. The payment term can be extended by prior agreement (prior to purchase, rate).
3. The maximum delay in sending purchases is 10 (ten) days. If at the specified time the buyer does not provide the data of the recipient of the parcel and the delivery address, then the transaction may be recognized by me as failed due to the fault of the buyer, the lot may be put up for re-sale, an appropriate review may be added about the buyer, MONEY IS NOT REFUNDED.
4. Sending abroad is possible with prior agreement of all conditions (prior to purchase, rates).
5. If the terms of the purchase do not specify the method of payment "cash", the method of sending "self-delivery", it means that the final cost will include the specified amount of delivery costs. In case of refusal to pay the cost of delivery costs, the transaction may be declared invalid by me due to the fault of the buyer, the lot may be put up for resale, an appropriate review may be added about the buyer. THE MONEY PAID FOR THE LOT IS NOT REFUNDABLE.
6. It is possible to combine several lots (purchases) into one parcel. Each subsequent lot (purchase) at the same time + 50r. (fifty rubles) to the cost of delivery costs. In case of refusal to pay the additional cost of shipping costs, the transaction may be recognized by me as failed due to the fault of the buyer, the lot may be put up for resale, an appropriate review may be added about the buyer. MONEY PAID FOR LOTS IS NOT REFUNDABLE.
7. If the shipping conditions indicate the method of sending "TC SDEK to the point of issue", then this means that the parcel will be sent by the transport company to the point of issue chosen by you. In case of refusal to receive the parcel in this way, the transaction may be recognized by me as failed due to the fault of the buyer, the lot may be put up for resale, an appropriate review may be added about the buyer. THE MONEY PAID FOR THE LOT IS NOT REFUNDABLE. It is possible to send by courier "To the door" or by Russian post, subject to prior agreement of this condition (before purchase, rate).
8. If the buyer did not receive the parcel and sent it back to the sender, the transaction is considered completed, THE CASH IS NOT REFUNDED.
9. The auction may be terminated early with a sale. The terms of payment and postponing of sending are calculated from the moment of the date of the initial end of the auction, if the condition of the early end of the auction is not agreed with the buyer. If the condition of the early completion of the auction is agreed with the buyer, then the terms of payment and deferral of shipment are 7 (seven) and 10 (ten) days, respectively, from the moment the auction ends. The deadline for contacting and providing the necessary information specified in clause 1 is 1 (one) day from the end of the auction.
10. The transaction based on the results of the auction "from the ruble" can be recognized by me as failed, if during the period of this auction there were significant problems in the operation of the service. The auction in this case is held again.
11. Lots are offered for sale on several services. As soon as a product is sold on one service, I try to immediately delete them from others. So far, there have never been overlaps with a double sale, but please do not judge strictly if this unpleasant event happens to you. The item is shipped to the first customer. From the ruble, the same product is not sold on different services!
12. I try to pack parcels as reliably and accurately as possible (food film, bubble wrap, etc.). The term for sending parcels, as a rule, does not exceed 5 (five) days. By default, I do not declare the value of parcels (I see no point in this). There is no down payment.
13. If there are lots with free and paid packaging in the shopping list, then the delivery is paid by the buyer!
14. All interesting, clarifying questions on the terms of purchase, shipment, regarding the description, the condition of the goods - respectfully ask BEFORE PURCHASE, BID!
