Gas 33023 wiring diagram. How to simply and quickly install a lock and other elements of the ignition system on a Gazelle? Installation of wiring on a Gazelle car

Today, Gazelle cars are used in many sectors of modern business. To ensure the operability of the vehicle, it is necessary to pay attention not only to the operability of the main components and assemblies, but also. From this material you will learn everything you need to know about the operation of the wiring and its malfunctions.

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Symptoms

There are several types of the state of the electrical circuit in Gazelle 405 Euro 2, 402, 406, 4216, 2705, 3302 or business diesel cars:

1. The engine does not start. The car cannot perform its main function when the engine is not running. Either business diesel, 402, 406, 405 euro 2, 4216, 3302, 2705 is damaged, or one of the units or mechanisms of the car is out of order.
2. The vehicle engine starts, but the electrical equipment does not function correctly or intermittently.

In the event that, as a result of an attempt to start the engine, the unit does not start, but fuel enters the engine, then most likely the problem is in the electrical equipment:

1. In the event that the vehicle is equipped with a carburetor, first you should pay attention to the diagnosis of high-voltage cables and candles. By the way, quite often on older cars, a Gazelle with a carburetor in practice brings inconvenience to the driver. If the high-voltage cables have worked out their service life, the engine will not work correctly. So check them out first. It will not be superfluous to check the performance of the distributor and coil on a Gazelle with a carburetor. In addition to high-voltage wires, it is possible to diagnose the electrical circuit in the engine compartment.
2. In the case of an injector, the situation is slightly different. Of course, high-voltage wires can also cause damage, but first of all, you need to pay attention to electrical equipment. In particular, you are interested in the engine management system. In the event that the injector control system is not able to properly process the impulses coming from the regulator, then as a result it will not be able to give commands to other nodes and mechanisms. Accordingly, interruptions will begin in the operation of the engine.

Electrical wiring under the hood

As practice shows, in most Gazelle business cars, diesel, 402, 406, euro 2,405, 3302, 2705 and other causes of breakdowns are acidified or burnt contacts. In this case, we are talking about the contacts in the ignition switch. If the ignition switch or the block in the passenger compartment is inoperative, at least the lighting will not work. Also, faulty electrical equipment can lead to the inoperability of washers, fans, wipers, etc.

Types of power units

The manufacturer of Gazelles business diesel, 402, 405, 406, 2705, 3302 and other models is the Gorky Automobile Plant.

Initially, two types of engines were used in the production and assembly of transports:

• carburetor engines produced at UMP;
• injection and carburetor engines supplied by ZMZ (Zavolzhsky enterprise).

The essence of this approach was to modernize and unify power units for business diesel models, 402, 405, 406, 2705, 3302 and others with UAZ and Volga cars. Of course, in the case of trucks, the circuit diagram was redone.

For individual types of motors, a different scheme was used:

1. In vehicles with an injector, internal combustion engines were initially more demanding in terms of the operation of the fuel mixture ignition system. Such units were equipped with electronic ignition elements, injection control units. Of course, in such units, the quality of fuel plays an important role.
2. As for carburetors, such options are now considered more traditional, but they also have certain features. Of course, the wiring diagram in carburetor engines is different from injectors.

In addition to the main models 402, 405, 406, 2705, 3302 and others, since 2001 the manufacturer began to produce a version called "business diesel". In the case of a diesel engine, the wiring diagram has also undergone certain changes. In particular, such vehicles began to be equipped with a more powerful starter, a battery, and a generator (the author of the video is MR. BORODA).

Causes of failure

If you own a Gazelle car, then the electrical circuit diagram will come in handy in any case. At least in order to, if necessary, be able to detect certain breakdowns caused by the use of low-quality fuel.

The reason for the inoperability of electrical appliances can be extreme climatic conditions:

1. Severe cold weather is one of the difficult climatic conditions. When frost sets in, the load on the electrical circuit of the vehicle increases, and the type of motor - carburetor or injector - does not play a role here. Especially the load on electrical equipment is noticeable during the morning start of the engine.
2. Regardless of the time of year and the type of internal combustion engine, every driver can encounter interruptions in the functioning of the injection system. When using low-quality gasoline or diesel, malfunctions in the ignition system of the combustible mixture may occur. To prevent such problems, it is necessary to use high-quality fuel.
3. A Gazelle car owner may encounter other types of breakdowns and malfunctions. These can be short circuits, detachment of contacts on devices, the appearance of corrosion. All these shortcomings are caused by poor build quality or improper auto repair.

Conclusion

There is only one conclusion - the emergence of new modifications in the Gazelle families contributed to the change. The appearance of malfunctions in the operation of the electrical circuit may affect the functionality of the car. Therefore, from time to time it is necessary to diagnose the performance of electrical appliances.

Video "Gazelle electrician repair"

The Gazelle, which has become an indispensable vehicle with a 402 engine, still requires attention over the years.

Wiring is not listed among the parts to be scheduled for replacement, however, the electrical circuit is often required when carrying out repair work in the engine compartment.

Equipped with a ZMZ-402 carburetor engine, the car successfully develops its motor resource, and when the time comes for a major overhaul, many owners think not only about restoring, but also about reconfiguring its operation.

And since the carburetor versions of power units have sunk into the past, the question of the prospects for using the restored motor is acute.

The transition to injection multi-valve engines is possible and even recommended by the automaker, but this approach is not always satisfied with the owners, and primarily from the financial side.

Tip: Be that as it may, by removing the motor for a bulkhead, the owner has the opportunity to replace the old electrical wiring.

If the resource of the restored power unit is encouraging, and there is a Gazelle wiring diagram at hand, the 402 engine may well last more than one hundred thousand kilometers.

Replacing wiring on a Gazelle car

The reasons for the need for replacement are not only in connection with the bulkhead of the power unit, but also:

1. Due to natural wear of wires;
2. Insulation delamination due to natural aging;
3. Mechanical damage (kinks, scuffs);
4. Short circuits in a particular electrical circuit;
5. Oxidation of contacts and connectors.

Additional replacement materials

In addition to buying a new electrical wiring, corresponding to the motor used, they must also be replaced:

1. High voltage wires;
2. Electronic switch (in later versions of motors of the ZMZ-402 series);
3. Ignition coil;
4. Battery charge level relay;
5. Contact group of the fuse block;
6. Egnition lock.

Places requiring installation work

Laying the wiring harness is not a difficult task, especially since the places for their fastening on the frame are provided initially (gutters, technological holes, etc.).

However, according to complexity, replacement work is divided into areas of responsibility:

1. Underhood space;
2. Vehicle interior;
3. The back of the body.

The easiest in terms of connection is the back of the car, where you only need to fix the harness and connect the taillights and the fuel level sensor in the gas tank. More complex are the interior and engine compartment.

Installation of wiring on a Gazelle car

Posting to the Gazelle 402 is divided into the indicated zones.

Having laid out a new set of wires in a free place, its orientation will immediately be noticeable:

1. The longest and thinnest harness is for the back;
2. Shorter - for the salon;
3. The largest in terms of the number of wires and connectors is for the engine compartment.

The beginning of work on the replacement of wiring is carried out from the cab:

1. We fix the harness in the cabin;
2. We drag the second wiring harness under the hood and fix it;
3. We drag the rear harness along the frame, connect the connectors, focusing on the colors of the wires;

In the underhood space:

1. We divide the harness into the right and left sides, focusing on the length and connectors;
2. We connect the switch;
3. We feed the wire to the generator;
4. We connect the voltage regulator;
5. We connect the ignition coil;
6. We connect the terminals of the wiper, the relay of turns;

Tip: Gazelle 402 wiring has color divisions that correspond to the colors shown on.

In the cab:

1. We connect the connector to the fuse box;
2. We feed the wire to the heater;
3. We connect the light switch on the steering column;
4. On the instrument panel, we power the central head light switch, the emergency gang button, and connect the devices.

Conclusions: using the factory or another, you can independently replace the old wires, adhering to the conventional and color designations.

Here are the wiring diagrams for GAZ 3110 1996-2004 onwards External distinguishing features were new fenders, roof shape, hood, aprons, radiator grille. Only the doors remained the same. At first, GAZ 3110 cars were equipped with narrow black bumpers, and since 2000 they have been replaced by new modern bumpers, which began to be painted in body color. They gave the car a more impressive look due to the additional volume. A distinctive feature was the trunk lid, which opened from the bumper itself in order to facilitate the loading of things into the luggage compartment. In 2001, cars began to be painted and primed according to a new system, which made it possible to increase the life of the body. There was also a special version of the GAZ 3110 for taxi services, which had a special coloring, preparation for a taximeter and interior trim made of easy-to-wash materials.

Scheme of the ignition system on the Volga 3110

1 - control unit M 1.5.4 engine 9 - diagnostic connector
2 - phase sensor 10 - relay of the engine management system
3 - speed and timing sensor 11 - fuel pump relay
4 - air throttle position sensor 12 - idle speed controller
5 - knock sensor 13 - nozzle
6 - mass air flow sensor 14 - ignition coil
7 - coolant temperature sensor 15 - spark plug
8 - air temperature sensor in the intake pipe

Wiring diagram of GAZ-3110 equipment with ZMZ-4062 engine

1 - direction indicator 46 - instrument cluster
2 - headlight 47 - speedometer
3 - fog lamp 48 - tachometer
4 - sound signal 49 - voltmeter
5 - side repeater 50 - control lamp of the battery discharge
6 - ignition switch 51 - instrument illumination lamp
7 - fuse box in the engine compartment 52 - right turn indicator lamp
8 - generator 53 - control lamp of the left turn
9 - socket 54 - parking brake warning lamp
10 - engine compartment lamp 55 - seat heating control lamp
11 - storage battery 56 - side light warning lamp
12 - sensor for turning on the electric fan 57 - high beam warning lamp
13 - electric fan 58 - control lamp for falling brake fluid level
14 - horn relay 59 - control lamp KMSUD
15 - left fuse box 60 - coolant temperature gauge
16 - horn switch 61 - fuel gauge
17 - brake fluid level drop sensor 62 - fuel reserve warning lamp
18 - relay for switching on headlights 63 - control lamp for overheating of the coolant
19 - starter 64 - oil pressure gauge
20 - starter relay 65 - warning lamp for emergency oil pressure drop
21 - central light switch 66 - backup control lamp
22 - brake light switch 67 - front door light switch
23 - reverse light switch 68 - dome light
24 - wiper switch 69 - rear door light switch
25 - windshield washer pump 70 - parking brake indicator light switch
26 - wiper motor 71 - parking brake indicator switch
27 - wiper relay 72 - luggage compartment light
28 - electric fan relay 73 - rear window heating element
29 - radio receiver 74 - washer jet heating switch
30 - antenna motor 75 - seat heating relay
31 - antenna switch 76 - seat heating switch
32 - glove box lighting lamp 77 - seat heating elements
33 - glove box light switch 78 - coolant overheat warning lamp sensor
34 - fog lamp relay 79 - coolant temperature indicator sensor
35 - fog lamp switch 80 - emergency oil pressure drop warning lamp sensor
36 - rear fog light switch 81 - oil pressure indicator sensor
37 - rear window heating relay 82 - fuel pump
38 - rear window heating switch 83 - fuel gauge sensor
39 - heater fan switch 84 - switch for the diagnostic system of control lamps of the instrument cluster
40 - cigarette lighter 85 - windshield washer jets with electric heating
41 - right fuse box 86 - taillight on the wing
42 - speedometer sensor 87 - rear light on the trunk lid
43 - alarm switch 88 - additional brake signal
44 - relay-interrupter of direction indicators 89 - license plate light
45 - turn signal switch 90 - heater fan motor

The difference between the ZMZ-402 engine and the ZMZ-4062 engine is the ignition system

Equipment and devices of the electrical control system of the engine ZMZ-406

On the ZMZ-406 engine of the GAZ-3110 Volga, Gazelle-3302 cars, DC electrical equipment with a rated voltage of 12 V is installed. The electrical equipment nodes are connected via a single-wire system, the engine parts serve as the second drive.

Power supply of electrical equipment ZMZ 406 when the engine is not running is carried out from a 6ST-55 battery, and when the engine is running from a generator.

The engine management system of GAZ-3110 Volga, Gazelle-3302 cars is complex, which includes a fuel injection system and an ignition system. The electrical circuit of the engine control is shown in Fig.25.

Before installing electrical components on the engine and after repair, it is necessary to check their serviceability.

Engine control system ZMZ-406

The integrated engine control system ZMZ-406 is designed to develop the optimal composition of the working mixture, supply fuel through nozzles to the engine cylinders, as well as its timely ignition, taking into account the optimal ignition timing.

In its work, the integrated engine management system uses data received from the sensors of the system and the program stored in the memory of the control unit.

By controlling the operation of the engine with the help of an integrated system, more economical operation of the engine is achieved with an increase in its power indicators, as well as compliance with the standards for exhaust gas toxicity.

Fig.25. The electrical circuit of the engine control system ZMZ-406 of GAZ-3110 Volga, Gazelle-3302

D23 - engine control unit; B64 - air temperature sensor in the intake manifold; B70 - coolant temperature sensor; B74 - crankshaft position sensor (speed and synchronization); B75 - mass air flow sensor; B91 - camshaft position sensor (phase); B92 - knock sensor; U19, U20, U21 and U22 - electromagnetic nozzles; U23 - additional air regulator; K9 - electric fuel pump relay; K46 - relay of the engine management system; T1 and T4 - ignition coils; F1, F2, F3 and F4 spark plugs; X1 - control unit connector; X2 - connector for connection to the vehicle's on-board network; X4 - 3-pin connector; X5 - 2-pin connector; X6 - sensor connector
air flow; X51 - diagnostic connector; A and B are connection points to the body.

Symbols of colors of wires: B - white; BK - white-red; Warhead - white and black; G - blue (blue); ZhZ - yellow-green; 3 - green; K - red; Kch - brown; KchG - brown-blue; O - orange; P - pink; РЗ - pink-green; C - gray; SG - gray-blue; H - black; ZhS - yellow-gray; BZ - white-yellow; ZB - green-white; CHZh - black and yellow; ZhB - yellow-white; BS - white-gray; BR - white-pink; 34 - green-black; KZ - red-green; BW - black and white; CHK - black and red; OK - orange-red; ZHCH - yellow-black; BZ - white-green; BKch - white-brown; KchB - brown-white; RG - pink-blue; OB - orange-white; KS - red-gray. Some of the wires are digitally marked

Electronic engine control unit ZMZ-406

The electronic control unit of the ECU ZMZ-406 of the GAZ-3110 Volga, Gazelle-3302 cars is designed for:

Formation of the moment and duration of electric current pulses for the operation of electromagnetic fuel injectors;

Formation of an electric current pulse for the operation of the ignition coils, taking into account the required ignition timing;

Operation control of the additional air regulator;

Switching on an electric fuel pump (via a relay);

Management of engine operation in standby mode (in case of failure of individual elements of the system);

Monitoring and self-diagnosis of system malfunctions.

The ZMZ-406 ECU is installed under the instrument panel on the right side.

The main element of the control unit is a microprocessor that calculates and generates all the necessary data to ensure the operation of the engine.

The control unit of the ECU of the internal combustion engine ZMZ-406 of the GAZ-3110 Volga, Gazelle-3302 cars works complete with the following sensors and actuators:

crankshaft position sensor,

camshaft position sensor,

Mass Air Flow Sensor,

throttle position sensor,

Knock sensor,

coolant temperature sensor,

Air temperature sensor in the intake system,

electromagnetic nozzles,

ignition coils,

Additional air regulator.

The integrated engine control system ZMZ-406 for GAZ-3110 Volga, Gazelle-3302 cars works as follows:

When the engine ignition is turned on, the control lamp on the instrument panel lights up and goes out, which means that the system is working and ready for operation.

The ECU control unit issues a command to turn on the electric fuel pump through the relay, which creates gasoline pressure in the injector rail.

When the engine is cranked by the starter, according to the signals from the crankshaft position sensor, the control unit generates electrical impulses to supply fuel through all injectors and determines which ignition coil must be supplied with electrical impulses to start.

After starting the engine, the ECU control unit switches to the mode of supplying fuel through the nozzles in accordance with the order of operation of the engine cylinders.

To determine the optimal amount of fuel and ignition timing, the control unit uses data from sensors for coolant and air temperature, air flow, throttle position, detonation, speed and data stored in its memory.

For each specific engine operating mode, the control unit provides its own data on the optimal amount of fuel and ignition timing, depending on the data received from all sensors and memory.

The control unit continuously corrects the output according to the changing sensor signals.

The engine control unit ZMZ-406 for GAZ-3110 Volga, Gazelle-3302 cars provides optimal fuel supply and ignition timing for each mode and engine operating conditions.

In the event of failure of certain sensors or their circuits, the control unit automatically switches to a backup mode of operation using the data stored in its memory.

The operation of the control unit in standby mode allows the vehicle to be operated until qualified repair work is carried out.

The operation of the system in standby mode worsens throttle response, toxicity and increases fuel consumption.

When the control unit goes into standby mode, the control lamp in the instrument cluster comes on and stays on.

Malfunctions of the engine control system ZMZ-406

If the internal combustion engine control unit ZMZ-406 of the GAZ-3110 Volga, Gazelle-3302 vehicles cannot determine the malfunction in the self-diagnosis mode, then a special device must be used.

The control unit in the self-diagnosis mode issues three-digit light codes to the control lamp. Each fault has its own numeric code.

The digital code is determined by the number of switching on of the control lamp. First, the number of lamp turns on is counted to determine the first digit of the code, for example, number 1 - one short turn on 0.5 seconds, number 2 - two short turns, then there is a pause of 1.5 seconds.

After it, the number of inclusions is counted to determine the second digit, then the third, after which there is a pause of 4 seconds, which determines the end of the code.

To transfer the ZMZ-406 internal combustion engine control unit to self-diagnosis mode, you must:

Disconnect the battery for 10-15 seconds and reconnect,

Start the engine and let it idle for 30-60 seconds without touching the throttle pedal.

Connect the terminals of the diagnostic socket with a separate wire according to Fig. 26. The socket is installed in the engine compartment on the bulkhead on the right side.

Fig.26. Diagnostic connector for control unit

1 - diagnostic connector; 2 - additional wire

After the ZMZ-406 engine control unit is switched to the self-diagnosis mode, the control lamp should flash code 12 three times, which indicates the start of the self-diagnosis mode.

The following codes will display an existing fault or multiple faults. Each code is repeated three times.

After displaying all codes of existing faults, the indication of codes is repeated.

If the control unit cannot determine the malfunction, then code 12 is displayed.

Electromagnetic nozzles of the ZMZ-406 engine

Injectors ZMZ-406 of GAZ-3110 Volga, Gazelle-3302 (0280150711 or 19.1132010) cars are used to inject a metered amount of fuel into the engine cylinders.

The dosing of the amount of fuel depends on the duration of the electrical impulse supplied to the injector solenoid coil by the control unit.

The duration of the electric pulse to control the injector depends on the amount of throttle opening, air temperature, engine temperature, engine speed, load and other factors.

The fuel supply by the engine injectors is strictly synchronized with the position of the pistons in the engine cylinder.

Fig.27. Electromagnetic nozzle ZMZ-406 of GAZ-3110 Volga, Gazelle-3302 cars

1 - spray nozzle; 2 - sealing ring; 3 - washer; 4 - valve needle; 5 - sealant; 6 - restrictive washer; 7 - body; 8 - insulator; 9 - electromagnet winding; 10 - plug; 11 - block; 12 - filter; 13 - tube; 14 - cover; 15 - spring; 16 - the core of the electromagnet; 17 - building
spray valve

The injectors are installed in the intake pipe of the engine. Fuel is supplied to the injectors through a fuel line (ramp), in which fuel pressure is maintained within 2.8-3.25 kg/cm2 when the engine is running. The nozzle device is shown in Fig.27.

The nozzle of the ZMZ-406 engine of the GAZ-3110 Volga, Gazelle-3302 cars is a high-precision electromechanical device (valve).

The nozzle consists of a body 7, a winding 9, an electromagnet, an electromagnet core 16, a shut-off valve needle 4, a valve body - atomizer 17, a nozzle nozzle 1, and a filter 12.

Fuel under pressure enters the filter 12 and then passes through the system of channels to the shut-off valve. The spring 15 compresses the valve needle to the conical opening of the valve body - sprayer 17, and keeps the valve closed.

When an electrical impulse is applied to the coil winding of the electromagnet, a magnetic field is created that attracts the core 16, and with it the needle of the nozzle shut-off valve.

The hole in the atomizer housing opens and the fuel under pressure in the atomized state enters the engine cylinder.

After the termination of the electrical impulse, the spring 16 p returns the core 16 to its original position, and with it the locking needle of the channel. In this case, the fuel supply is stopped. The nozzle valve must be tight.

If necessary, the leakage of the ZMZ-406 nozzle of the GAZ-3110 Volga, Gazelle-3302 cars can be checked by applying air pressure of 3 kg / cm 3 to it, and lowering the nozzle of the nozzle sprayer into kerosene.

With a short-term voltage supply of 12 V to the terminals of a working injector, a distinct "click" should be heard.

The resistance of the injector winding should be 15.5-16 ohms. The throughput of the nozzle is checked on a special stand. Defective injectors must be replaced.

Ignition coil ZMZ-406

The ignition coil ZMZ-406 of the GAZ-3110 Volga, Gazelle-3302 (30.3705 or 301.3705) cars is designed to generate a high voltage electric current necessary to ignite the working mixture in the engine cylinders.

Fig.28. Ignition coil ZMZ-406 of GAZ-3110 Volga, Gazelle-3302 cars

1 - magnetic circuit; 2 - body; 3 - coil; 4 - secondary winding; 5 - primary winding; 6 - high-voltage output; 7 - compound; 8 - fastening bracket

Ignition coils for internal combustion engines ZMZ-406 (2 pcs) are installed on top of the engine. The ignition coil arrangement is shown in Figure 28.

The ignition coil is a transformer. The primary winding 5 is wound on the magnetic circuit 1, and the secondary winding 4 is wound in sections on top of it.

The windings are enclosed in a plastic case 2. The space between the windings is filled with compound 7. The case has low and high voltage terminals 6. Low voltage electrical impulses enter the ignition coil from the control unit.

In the ignition coil of the engine, they are transformed into electrical impulses of high voltage, which are transmitted through wires to the candles.

An electric discharge occurs simultaneously in two candles of the first and fourth cylinders or the second and third cylinders.

For example, one electric discharge occurs in the candle of the first cylinder when the compression stroke ends there, and the second discharge occurs in the candle of the fourth cylinder when the exhaust stroke occurs there.

The electrical discharge in the spark plug of the fourth cylinder during the exhaust stroke does not affect the operation of the engine.

With further rotation of the crankshaft, an electrical discharge will occur in the candle of the 4th cylinder, at the end of the compression stroke, and in the first cylinder, an electrical discharge in the candle will occur during the exhaust stroke.

The performance of the coils must be checked with an ISD device (sparkling diagnostician 1AP975000). To check, it is necessary to disconnect both high-voltage wires from the ignition coil and connect the ISD instead.

When the engine is scrolled by the starter, an electric discharge should periodically occur in the ISD arrester (in the cycle of the engine cylinders). The second ignition coil is checked in the same way.

Check the resistance of the windings of the ZMZ-406 ignition coil with an ohmmeter at a temperature of + 25 ° C, it should be within:

Primary 0.025-0.03 Ohm

Secondary - 4-5 kOhm

The health of the primary circuit of the coils can be checked with the DST-2. A defective ignition coil must be replaced.

ZMZ-406 engine generator

To power consumers and recharge the battery, an alternator 9422.3701 or 2502.3771 with a power of 900 W is installed on the engine.

The car generator GAZ-3110 Volga, Gazelle-3302 is a three-phase synchronous electric machine with electromagnetic excitation and a built-in silicon rectifier and voltage regulator.

The generator is mounted on the right side of the engine on a bracket. The generator device is shown in fig. 29, and its electrical circuit is shown in fig. thirty.

Fig.29. Generator ZMZ-406

1 - ball bearing; 2 - rectifier block; 3 - contact rings; 4 - brush; 5 - brush holder; 6 - protective cap; 7 - voltage regulator; 8 - bearing sleeve; 9 - capacitor; 10 - cover from the side of slip rings; 11 - fan; 12 - coupling screw; 13 - rotor with excitation winding; 14 - stator winding; 15 - cover from the side of the pulley; 16 - rotor shaft; 17 - disc washer; 18 - pulley fastening nut; 19 - pulley; 20 - excitation winding; 21 - stator

Fig.30. Electrical diagram of the generator 9422.3701

1 - generator; 2 - voltage regulator; 3 - brush; 4 - contact ring; 5 - excitation winding; 6 - stator winding; 7 - capacitor; 8 - additional diode; 9 - power diode

The internal combustion engine generator ZMZ-406 (9422.3701) works in conjunction with the built-in electronic voltage regulator Ya212A11E. The regulator maintains the generator voltage within the specified limits.

The measuring element of the voltage regulator is a zener diode that controls the actuator transistors.

The output transistor changes the amount of current (average value) in the generator excitation winding circuit and thereby maintains the generator voltage within the specified limits.

Engine starter ZMZ-406

The engine is started using a starter 42.3708-10 with an electromagnetic traction relay. The starter is mounted on the right side of the engine on the clutch housing.

Starter ZMZ-406 is a four-pole DC motor with electromagnetic excitation. The starter is powered by a battery.

The starter device 42.3708 is shown in fig. 32, and the electrical circuit in fig. 31.

Fig.31. The electrical circuit of the starter ZMZ-406 of the GAZ-3110 Volga, Gazelle-3302

1 - starter; 2 - power contacts; 3 - holding winding; 4 - retracting winding; 5 - drive; 6 - stator winding; 7 - anchor; 8 - brushes

Caring for the starter consists in cleaning the brush assembly from wear products, checking the height of the brushes and lubricating the bearings with engine oil. The height of the brushes must be at least 6 mm.

Fig.32. Starter 42.3708

1 - plug; 2 - lock washer; 3 - brushes; 4 - axis of the lever; 5 - contact bolt; 6 - cover of the traction relay; 7 - contact plate; 8 - traction relay; 9 - holding winding; 10 - retracting winding; 11- spring; 12 - core of the traction relay; 13 - lever; 14 - cover on the drive side; 15 - terminal of the traction relay; 16 - screw for fastening the cover of the traction relay; 17 - cap screw; 18 - coupling screw; 19 - bearing; 20 - retaining ring; 21 - cup; 22 - armature shaft; 23 - drive with freewheel; 24 - buffer spring; 25 - sleeve sleeve; 26 - intermediate support; 27 - body; 28 - anchor; 29 - collector; 30 - cover from the side of the collector; 31 - traverse of brushes

Engine spark plugs ZMZ 406

Spark plugs ZMZ 406 (A17DVR) are designed to ignite the working mixture in the engine cylinders. Candles are recommended to be checked after the engine is running under load.

The operation of the engine at idle changes the nature of carbon deposits on the conical part of the spark plug insulator, which can lead to incorrect conclusions about the operation of the spark plug.

When checking spark plugs ZMZ 406 for GAZ-3110 Volga, Gazelle-3302 (A17DVR) cars, it should be borne in mind that an interference suppression resistance of 5000-10000 Ohm is installed inside the spark plug insulator in the central electrode circuit.

Candles should be unscrewed only with a special (candle) socket wrench available in the tool kit.

When examining the spark plug, especially carefully check for cracks on the insulator, pay attention to the nature of the deposit, as well as to the condition of the electrodes and the gap between them. The conical part of the spark plug insulator (skirt) must be free of deposits and cracks.

Candles that have cracks in the insulator must be replaced. It must be remembered that during the operation of candles on their "skirts" a reddish-brown coating usually forms, which does not interfere with the operation of the candles, and such candles do not need to be cleaned.

Candles with soot or an oxide film are subject to thorough cleaning using an E-203 sandblaster. When cleaning the insulator, it is not recommended to use sharp steel tools, as this will form scratches and irregularities on its surface, which further contribute to the deposition of carbon deposits.

If it is impossible to clean the spark plugs, and the layer of soot is large, then the candles should be replaced with new ones. After stripping, it is necessary to check the gap between the electrodes using a round wire probe.

It should be 0.7-0.85 mm. It is impossible to determine the gap with a flat probe, since a surface close to cylindrical is formed on the side electrode during wear.

The gap between the electrodes must be adjusted by bending the side electrode. You should never bend the center electrode of the spark plug, as this will inevitably lead to cracks in the spark plug insulator and failure.

The spark plug of the internal combustion engine ZMZ 406 of the GAZ-3110 Volga, Gazelle-3302 cars must be installed in place with a gasket. The gasket is not a solid washer, but a hollow tube made of thin metal and designed to collapse when tightened, so you should not apply excessive force when installing the candle.

It is necessary to tighten it so that the gasket is not completely flattened. A completely flattened gasket is recommended to be replaced the next time the candles are removed.

When the wire is disconnected from a normally working spark plug, the engine speed decreases, and when the wire is disconnected from a damaged spark plug, the speed remains unchanged. Spark plugs ZMZ 406 are recommended to be replaced after 30,000-50,000 km.

Electrical appliances (sensors) of the ZMZ-406 engine

The internal combustion engine pressure sensor ZMZ-406 23.3829 of GAZ-3110 Volga, Gazelle-3302 cars is installed in the oil line of the engine lubrication system and is designed to control oil pressure.

The serviceability of the sensor is checked with an ohmmeter. The resistance of the sensor in the absence of pressure should be 290 + 330 Ohm. At a pressure of 4.5 kg / cm2 - 51 + 79 Ohm.

The emergency oil pressure engine sensor 30.3829 is installed in the oil line of the engine lubrication system and is designed to turn on the warning lamp in the instrument cluster when the pressure drops below 0.4 + 0.8 kg/cm2.

The temperature motor sensor TM 106-10 is installed in the thermostat housing and is designed to control the temperature of the engine coolant.

The serviceability of the sensor is checked with an ohmmeter. Sensor resistance at a temperature of 40°C - 880-1220 Ohm, and at a temperature of 80°C -214-268 Ohm.

The ICE emergency temperature sensor TM 111-02 is installed in the thermostat housing and is designed to turn on the control lamp in the instrument cluster when the coolant temperature rises to 102-109°C.

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General automatic transmission device

• Overview of accumulators and converters used in automatic transmissions
• Design features and parameters of automatic transmissions
• Methods for troubleshooting without dismantling from the engine

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CVT variator Audi

Automatic transmission Toyota

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Each car is equipped with an electrical diagram, which indicates all the devices and equipment used in the car, as well as the connection circuits. The performance of the wiring is very important for any vehicle, since damage to it can greatly complicate the operation of the car. What elements does the Gazelle electrical circuit include, what malfunctions are typical for it? Find answers to these and other questions below.

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General information

The wiring diagram in a GAZ car with a carburetor or injector engine consists of many components.

And it doesn’t matter whether it’s Gazelle 402, 405, 406, 3302, 2705, Business or Euro, the electrical equipment scheme will include the following subsystems:

1. Ignition system. This assembly consists of different components, the main ones are the switchgear, candles, and also those that transmit the charge. The functionality of the engine and its operation in principle depend on the performance of this system.
2. Optical system. It includes all external headlights, ranging from dimensions to brake lights and fog lights.
3. Lighting in the car interior, including on the dashboard.
4. Electronic (depending on the car model).
5. Wiper system, including an electric motor and.
6. Fuel system, one of the main components of which is a pump.
7. and generator set.
8. Audio system, if available, etc.

How to determine the malfunction?

In the event of a malfunction in the operation of the equipment, first of all, it is necessary to check the integrity of the safety devices. If a short circuit or power surge occurs in the wiring diagram, the safety elements are the first to fail, protecting the main devices and electrical equipment connected to a particular circuit. Since a visual check is far from always effective, troubleshooting should be carried out using a multimeter tester.

The diagnostic procedure consists in removing the fuses from the seats and further checking the sockets. If you have identified a failed fuse, this does not mean that the test can be completed, since a short circuit can occur simultaneously in several circuits (video by Denis Legostaev).

If a short circuit occurs in the wiring of a car with a carburetor or injection engine, then you need to start diagnosing the condition of the circuits. Of course, if all the fuses were intact. Before diagnostics, turn off the mass, you will need a tester or a control light directly for testing. When using a lamp, one of its contacts should be connected to the base, and the other to the center contact.

The check itself goes like this:

• first, the key in the ignition lock should be set to position I;
• then, in turn, connect the probes of the tester or lamp to the contacts in the fuse sockets;
• in the event that the lamp is off, this indicates that there are no short circuits in the section of the circuit being checked, but if it lights up, then a short circuit has been detected.

Another important point is the diagnostics of the integrity of electrical circuits. In this case, the search principle is quite simple - for diagnostics you will need the same tester (a voltmeter or ohmmeter will do) or a lamp with wires. You will need to connect one of the contacts of the probe to the vehicle body, and use the second contact to measure the power in the connecting places between yourself and the equipment.

It is best to start in the middle of the electrical circuit and check easily accessible places first. In addition, for diagnosing a break, it should be understood that most often the circuit damage occurs at the bends in the wiring. Moreover, as practice shows, wire harnesses are very rarely damaged.

Another breakdown in the electrical circuit is poor contact at the joints, the search for such a malfunction is best done using a tester - a voltmeter.

There are two diagnostic methods:

1. One tester probe should be connected to the car body, and the second to the connection terminal, the voltage measurement is carried out in two directions. Please note that the voltage drop should be no more than 0.5 volts.
2. The next method is to connect one wire to a pin on one end of the plug and the other wire to a pin on the other side of that plug. In the event that the tester shows more than 0.5 volts, this indicates that the contacts on the plug should be cleaned (the author of the video is the MZS TV channel).

Possible Wiring Problems and Solutions

What malfunctions are most typical for the electrical circuit of Gazelles 4216, 2003, 2705 and other models:

1. Wiring damage. If the damage is not serious, then this problem can be solved by additionally insulating the circuit with electrical tape. With more significant damage, the entire chain section is best replaced.
2. Failure of the safety element. Malfunctions of such a plan are solved by replacing damaged devices. Never use homemade fuses made from a piece of wire or in the form of a coin, as this may cause a fire. The only time this is possible is when the fuse has failed, without which the car will not start, for example, the one responsible for the fuel pump, and you will only need to drive to the nearest store.
3. Poor contact of the equipment with the mains. In this case, you need to make a diagnosis, detailed instructions are presented above. If the poor contact is due to oxidation, then it will be enough to clean the connector, but if the contacts burn out, then they will most likely have to be changed. In this case, please note that you need to determine the reason why the contact burned out.
4. Malfunctions in the ignition system. For example, this may be damage to the distributor housing, poor contact of high-voltage wires with the distributor and spark plugs. Also, the car owner may encounter a malfunction of high-voltage, in particular, we are talking about insulation breakdown. Such a malfunction will lead to unstable operation of the power unit as a whole, it can be solved by replacing the wires.
5. Failure or incorrect operation of the generator. This node, as you know, is designed to power all the electrical equipment of a car. It consists of many components, most often the brushes wear out, the windings burn out, the voltage relay fails. You also need to monitor the tension of the alternator belt - it should not be overtightened or under-tightened. Damage to the belt is also not allowed - if there is, you need to think about an early replacement.