What does xl mean in nokian tire markings. Deciphering speed and load indices, what do they mean? Who should buy reinforced tires

If this ratio is not indicated (for example, 185/R14С), then it is equal to 80-82% and the tire is called full profile. Reinforced tires with this marking are usually used on minibuses and light trucks, where a large maximum wheel load is very important.

R stands for radial tire (in fact, almost all tires are made this way these days).
Many mistakenly believe that R - means tire radius, but this is precisely the radial design of the tire. There is also a diagonal design (indicated by the letter D), but recently it has practically not been produced, since its performance is noticeably worse.

16 wheel (rim) diameter in inches. (It is the diameter, not the radius! This is also a common mistake). This is the “landing” diameter of the tire on the disk, i.e. is the inside size of the tire or the outside of the rim. You can read more about disc labeling in the Disc Labeling section.

H tire speed index. The larger it is, the faster you can ride on this tire, (in our case, IS H up to 210 km / h). Speaking about the tire speed index, I would like to note that with this parameter, the tire manufacturer guarantees the normal operation of the rubber when the car is constantly moving at the specified speed for several hours.

Speed ​​index table:

Speed ​​index	J	K	L	M	N	P	Q	R	S	T	U	H	V	VR	W	Y	ZR
Max. Speed ​​(km/h)	100	110	120	130	140	150	160	170	180	190	200	210	240	>210	270	300	>240

94 load index. This is the level of maximum permissible load on one wheel. For passenger cars, it is usually done with a margin and is not a decisive factor when choosing tires (in our case, ID 94 670 kg.). For minibuses and small trucks, this parameter is very important and must be observed.

Tire load index table:

Load index	60	61	62	63	64	65	66	67	68	69
250	257	265	272	280	290	300	307	315	325

Load index	70	71	72	73	74	75	76	77	78	79
335	345	355	365	375	387	400	412	426	437

Load index	80	81	82	83	84	85	86	87	88	89
450	462	475	487	500	515	530	545	560	580

Load index	90	91	92	93	94	95	96	97	98	99
600	615	630	650	670	690	710	730	750	775

Load index	100	101	102	103	104	105	106	107	108	109
800	825	850	875	900	925	950	975	1000	1030

Load index	110	111	112	113	114	115	116	117	118	119
1060	1090	1120	1150	1180	1215	1250	1285	1320	1360

Load index	120	121	122	123	124	125	126	127	128	129
1400	1450	1500	1550	1600	1650	1700	1750	1800	1850

Attention!

The load index in the table is indicated for one wheel of the vehicle. To calculate the maximum allowable weight of the car, you need to multiply the maximum load weight of one wheel by the number of wheels (for example, for a passenger car, you need to multiply by 4).

American designations: standard size (decoding)

There are two different markings for American tires.

The first one is very similar to the European one, only the letters “P” (Passanger - for a passenger car) or “LT” (Light Truck - light truck) are placed before the size. For example: P 195/60 R 14 or LT 235/75 R15.

And another tire marking, which is fundamentally different from the European one.

For example: 31x10.5 R15 (corresponds to European standard size 265/75 R15)

31 is the outside diameter of the tire in inches.
10.5 is tire width in inches.
R - a tire of a radial design (older models of tires were with a diagonal design).
15 is the inner diameter of the tire in inches.

Generally speaking, except for inches that are unusual for us, the American tire marking is logical and more understandable, unlike the European one, where the height of the tire profile is not constant and depends on the width of the tire. And here everything is simple with decoding: the first digit of the standard size is the outer diameter, the second is the width, the third is the inner diameter.
To convert one type of standard size to another, you can use the tire calculator in inches.

Colored labels used for marking

Yellow marking on the tire(round or triangular mark) on the sidewall indicates the lightest spot on the tire. When installing a new tire on a rim, the yellow mark must be aligned with the heaviest spot on the rim. This is usually where the nipple is attached. This allows you to improve the balance of the wheel and put weights of less weight.
On tires with mileage, this yellow marking is not so relevant, since, as a rule, when the tire wears out, its balance shifts.

Red dot on the tire- means the place of maximum power heterogeneity, the manifestation of which is usually associated with various connections of different layers of the tire during its manufacture. These irregularities are completely normal and all tires have them. But usually only those tires that go to the primary equipment of cars are marked with red dots, i.e. when the car leaves the factory.

This red mark is combined with white marks on the discs (white marking marks on the discs are also placed mainly for the original configuration of the car), which indicate the closest place to the center of the wheel. This is done so that the maximum inhomogeneity in the tire is minimally affected when driving, providing a more balanced power characteristic of the wheel. During normal tire fitting, it is not recommended to pay attention to the tire marking with a red mark, but to be guided by the yellow mark, combining it with the nipple.

Marking - white stamp with number means the number of the inspector who carried out the final inspection of the tire at the manufacturing plant. This is done to improve product quality control.

colored stripes tires are made on the tread to make it more convenient to “identify” the tire in the warehouse. All tire models and different sizes have different markings. Therefore, when tires are stacked in warehouses, it is immediately clear that a given stack of tires has the same size and model. These colored stripes on the tire have no other semantic load.

Additional information on the tire sidewall

XL or Extra Load a reinforced tire with a load index that is 3 points higher than conventional tires of the same size.

M+S or tire marking M&S   (Mud + Snow) mud plus snow and means that the tires are all-weather or winter.

Many summer tires for SUVs are labeled M&S. However, these tires must not be used in winter, as winter tires have a completely different rubber compound and tread pattern, and the M&S badge indicates good flotation performance.

All Season or AS All season tires.
Aw (Any Weather) Any weather.

Pictogram * (snowflake) rubber is designed for use in harsh winter conditions.
If this marking is not on the sidewall of the tire, then this tire is intended for use only in summer conditions.

Aquatred , Aquacontact , Rain , Water , Aqua or pictogram (umbrella) special rain tyres.

Outside and Inside asymmetric tires. When installing, the inscription Outside must be on the outside of the car, and Inside on the inside.

RunFlat, RSC (RunFlat System Component) RunFlat tires are tires on which you can continue to drive a car at a speed of no more than 80 km / h with a FULL loss of pressure in the tire (due to a puncture or cut). On these tires, depending on the manufacturer's recommendations, you can drive from 50 to 150 km. Read more about RunFlat technology on the Runflat Tires page.
Different tire manufacturers use different designations for RSC technology. For example: Bridgestone RFT, Continental SSR, Goodyear RunOnFlat, Nokian Run Flat, Michelin ZP, etc.

Rotation or arrow this marking on the tire sidewall indicates a directional tire. When installing the tire, you must strictly observe the direction of rotation of the wheel, indicated by the arrow.

Tubeless tubeless tyre. In the absence of this inscription, the tire can only be used with a camera.
Tube Type indicates that this tire must be used with a tube only.

Max Load the maximum allowable load on each wheel of the vehicle, in kg.

Reinforced or the letters RF in the size (for example 195/70 R15RF) means that this is a reinforced tire (6 layers). Letter WITH at the end of the size (for example 195/70 R15C) denotes a truck tire (8 layers).

Radial - this marking on the rubber in the standard size means that this is a radial tire design.
Steel means that there is a metal cord in the tire structure.

Letter E (in a circle) the tire complies with the European requirements of ECE (Economic Commission for Europe).
DOT (Department of Transportation US Department of Transportation) American quality standard.

Temperature A , B or C heat resistance of tires at high speeds on the test bench (A is the best indicator).
Traction A, B or C - the ability of the tire to brake on a wet roadway.
Treadwear Relative expected mileage compared to a specific US standard test.

TWI (Tread Wear Indiration) - tire tread wear indicators. The marking on the TWI wheel can also be with an arrow. Pointers are located evenly in eight or six places around the entire circumference of the tire and show the minimum allowable tread depth. The wear indicator is made in the form of a protrusion with a height of 1.6 mm (the minimum tread value for light vehicles) and is located in the tread recess (usually in the drainage grooves).
You can read more about tire wear on the Tire Wear page.

How to find out the date of manufacture of a tire

To determine the age of a tire, there is a special marking on its sidewall, which is applied during production.

The date of manufacture of the tire is written in the form of four digits in an oval (for example 1805) the first two digits are the week of manufacture, the next two are the year of manufacture (in our example, April 2005).

Almost every spare part of your machine has its own marking (from the manufacturer). Car tires are no exception. If you look closely at the side of the tires, you can see many entries that describe their characteristics and the values ​​\u200b\u200bof which must be considered when choosing rubber. The most common markings are an indication of the size, speed index and tire load. However, in this article we will talk about no less significant designations, which are also indicated on tires.

M+S (M&S)

Among motorists, the meaning of the inscription M + S (M&S) causes the most controversy. Literally translated, Mud & Snow is mud and snow. However, this does not mean that all tires with such markings are winter tires and are intended for use on snowy roads. M+S is the tire manufacturer's own classification. At the same time, such marking can be present both on summer and all-weather tires. But the evidence that the tires are really winter is the graphic symbol in the form of a snowflake against the backdrop of a mountain.

C (Commercial)

Car tires with this marking are intended for operation on light trucks. On some tires, instead of the “C” symbol, the inscription “LT” is found, which means: “Light Truck” (often indicated directly in the size). Tires with this marking have their advantages. Among them: increased load-carrying characteristics and a universal tread type. If the passenger car is constantly loaded or operated in difficult conditions, tires marked RF (Reinforced), XL (Extra Load) are provided. Such tires are distinguished by a reinforced frame.

ALL SEASON

The inscription ALL SEASON says that the tires can be used all year round, regardless of the season. However, there are certain exceptions here. The fact is that there are no tires that could retain their own properties at temperatures from -20°C to +30°C. Therefore, the so-called all-season tires are, first of all, rubber with a shifted temperature regime for its operation. The performance characteristics of such tires remain unchanged in the range -10°C - +20°C. If the temperature reaches -10°C, the tires lose their elasticity, and when it rises to +20°C, the rubber becomes soft and wears out much faster.

ROTATION, OUTSIDE/ INSIDE(inscriptions for mounting tires)

Tires with directional and asymmetric tread patterns have additional markings that are designed to help car owners install tires correctly. Among these inscriptions:

• ROTATION- marking with an arrow indicating the direction of rotation of the tire along with the tread pattern;
• OUTSIDE or Side Facing Out- an inscription that speaks about the outside of the installation. When installing a tire, it must be on the outside of the wheel;
• INSIDE or Side Facing Inwards– points to the inside of the unit.

Do not forget that installing tires requires high qualifications and professional knowledge from tire fitting specialists. Our shop site provides you with a list of certified tire fittings.

About other inscriptions:

In order to increase safety, many manufacturers install special wheels on cars that can continue to move even after punctures or damaged tires. In this case, a variety of technologies are used, and the appropriate marking is applied to the tires. At

Goodyear is RunOnFlat. EMT.

Continental - SSR.

Dunlop-DSST.

Michelin - ZP, ZP SR, RFT, PAX.

Nokian RunFlat.

Yokohama-ZPS.

An important designation on tires is an abbreviation TWI or Tread Wear Indication(translated as "tread wear indicator"). This marking indicates the location of the indicators, which are small protrusions at the bottom of the tread grooves.

If you want to be sure of the quality of the purchased tires, you should also pay attention to the designation DOT / E. DOT.

DOT / E. DOT (U.S. Department of Transportation)- an inscription corresponding to an alphabetic or alphanumeric code assigned by the US Department of Transportation. It certifies that the rubber has been tested and tested and is certified to meet the requirements of the federal safety standard. The E mark indicates the approval of the type of tire according to the established Regulation No. 30 of the UNECE. Uniform prescriptions include a number in a circle, indicating the country code, and a figure outside the circle, which indicates the approval number.

You can also find a lot of important technical information on the sidewalls of tires, but it is not always easy to understand it. So, the following symbols can be present here:

• TREADWEAR (wear coefficient);
• MAX PRESSURE (maximum internal pressure);
• TEMPERATURE (temperature coefficient);
• SIDEWALL (composition, number of tire sidewall layers);
• PR (frame strength);
• TREAD (composition and number of tread cord plies), etc.

New European tire label.

After recent research, experts from leading European countries have come to the conclusion that most buyers prefer to use letter markings when choosing tires for their cars. That is why tires produced since July 2012 contain designations (in the form of Latin letters) of such indicators as wet grip, acoustic comfort, rolling resistance. Let's take a closer look at this marking.

1. Wet grip.

As you know, the effectiveness of tire adhesion depends directly on the car itself and its operating conditions. The braking distance of cars with class A tires is reduced by up to 30% (unlike class F "brothers"). While the stopping distance of a "normal" car moving at a speed of 80 km / h is reduced by 18 meters.

2. Acoustic comfort.

The black bar on the pictograms corresponds to the level of noise produced by the wheel while driving. Pictograms with three black stripes indicate that the tire produces quite a lot of noise, but it does not exceed the European limit value.

3. Rolling resistance.

Fuel consumption, as well as clutch, directly depends on the model of the vehicle and its operating conditions. So, fully equipped cars with class A tires save up to 7.5% of fuel, in contrast to cars with class G tires.

An example of markings on American-made tires:

Euro-metric - use of the European marking system (described above);

P-metric - differs from the European system in that the destination index must be indicated before the profile width;

P - tires for passenger cars (Passenger). For example: P185/65R14;

LT - tires for light trucks (LightTruck). For example: LT215/70R15.

Inch marking. For example: 31x10.5R15LT (used on 4x4 tires):

31 - the value of the outer diameter;

10.5 - profile width value;

R - radial tire;

15 - the size of the landing diameter;

LT is a tire for light trucks.

Alpha-metric marking was used until the mid-70s. For example: FR60-15.

F - load capacity index (680 kg at a pressure of 0.22 MPa);

R - radial tire;

60 - the ratio between the height of the tire profile and its width (in%);

15 - the size of the landing diameter.

Other common designations:

AD - tire with aluminum spikes;

Aqua - tires adapted for driving in rainy weather;

ALL STEEL - tires with a carcass and a steel cord breaker;

AT, A / T (All Terrain) - tires for SUVs, adapted for driving on any terrain;

BLK - standard black sidewall;

C (Commercial) - ply rate for minibuses and light trucks;

DOT - the tire meets the standards generally accepted in the USA;

DA (stamp) - the tire has minor factory defects that do not affect its operation;

DD - bar with spikes with a rectangular core with a diamond edge;

E17 - the tire meets the standards generally accepted in the EU countries;

FR (Flangerib) - a tire with a reinforced sidewall that reduces the likelihood of damage;

HP, H/P (HighPerformance) - premium tires;

HT, H / T (HighwayTerrain) - tires for SUVs, for driving on roads and highways;

INSIDE (Side Fasing Inwards) - the tire is installed from the inside;

J - tires designed for Jaguar cars;

LEFT - tires are installed on the left side of the car;

LT (Light Truck) - tires for light trucks;

MADE IN… – tire manufacturer country;

Maximum Load, MAXLOAD - maximum load value (measured in pounds - LBS, 1 LBS = 0.4536 kg);

Maximum Pressure, MAXPRESSURE - the value of the internal pressure in the tire (measured in pounds per square inch - PSI, 1PSI = 0.0069 MPa);

MD - tires with plastic spikes with a hard alloy core;

M + S, M & S (English "mud and snow" - "mud and snow") - tires for driving in winter;

MFS (Maximum Flange Sheild) - tires with a system of protection against damage in contact with curbs and sidewalks;

M3 - tires for BMW M3 cars;

MO - tires for Mercedes-Benz cars;

ML - tires for Mercedes-Benz or Audi cars with disc rim protection system;

MT, M/T (Mud Terrain) - tires for off-road driving (tires for SUVs);

N0, N1, N2 - tires for Porsche cars;

OD - tires with spikes with an oval-shaped core;

OUTSIDE (Side Fasing Out) - the bus is installed from the outside;

OWL - white tires with black markings on the sidewall (contour);

PR (Ply Rating) - tire ply rating, which characterizes the strength of the carcass;

4PR and 6PR - the established ply rate for passenger car tires;

PLIES: TREAD - composition of the tire tread layer;

RADIAL - radial tire;

Rain (English "rain") - tires for driving in difficult weather conditions;

REGROOVABLE - tires that provide the ability to deepen the tread by cutting;

RIGHT - the tire is installed on the right side of the car;

RF, Reinf. (reinforced) - reinforced tires;

ROF (RunonFlat) - self-supporting tires of the Goodyear family, allowing the car to continue moving in the event of a puncture and loss of pressure;

ROTATION - the direction in which the tire rotates. On high-speed tires, special arrows can be provided - rotation indicators;

RWL - inscription on the sidewall in white;

SD - tires with studded carbide core;

SIDEWALL - tire sidewall layer composition;

SSR - tires with emergency protection system in case of pressure loss;

SST (Self-supporting tires) - "self-supporting tires" that allow the car to continue moving in the event of a loss of pressure in them;

STEEL - tires with a steel cord breaker;

TEMPERATURE A - a value that determines the ability of the tire to withstand temperature effects;

TL (Tubless) - tubeless tires;

TREADWEAR 380 - tire wear index. Calculated in relation to the "base tire" with a factor of 100;

TRACTION A - grip index. There are values ​​A, B and C. Tires with index A have the highest grip value;

Tube Tire, TT, Mit SCHLAUCH - tires are installed with the camera;

TWI - placement of marks of the residual tread height (for Belarus - not lower than 1.6 mm);

Water (English "water") - tires for driving in specific conditions;

Winter (English "winter") - tires for driving in specific conditions;

WSW - white stripe (sidewall);

XL (extraload) - a tire that carries an additional load;

ZP (ZeroPressure) - Michelin self-supporting tires that allow the car to continue moving in the event of a puncture and loss of pressure;

* - tires for use on BMW cars (can also be used on cars of other brands);

AD - tires with spikes;

BLK - tires with black signs on the sidewall;

BSL - tires with black gear marks;

BSW - tires with a black sidewall (in the tire brand designation);

BW - tire with black sidewall;

C*S - tires that can withstand up to 50 punctures;

DSST is short for Dunlop Self-Supporting Technology (see ROF);

EMT - technology for the manufacture of non-puncture tires of the Goodyear family (see ROF);

G1 - it is obligatory to use identical tires on the same axle;

Left - tires are installed on the left side of the car;

LT - car tires for light trucks;

M + S (marking M&S or M-S can also be found) - this designation indicates the possibility of all-season operation of tires. In addition, it is applied to winter tires. Not applicable to summer tires. Tires with a similar designation have a special percentage of tread and voids. However, this marking does not mean that the tires have been tested in harsh conditions;

MFS is a special system that provides maximum protection for wheels from damage when they come into contact with the pavement or curbs. A rubber profile forming a buffer zone is provided around the circumference of the tire. It is located above the rim flange, on the bottom of the wall;

OBL - highlighted black marks are applied to the sidewall of the tire;

ORBL - highlighted raised black signs are applied to the sidewall of the tire;

ORWL - highlighted raised white signs are applied to the sidewall of the tire;

OWL - white contour marks are applied to the sidewall of the tire;

RBL - black embossed marks on the sidewall of the tire;

RF / XL - reinforced tires for installation on heavy vehicles;

Right - tires for installation on the right side of the car;

ROF (Run On Flat, Run Flat) - tires labeled as EMT. Run Flat - a special technology that allows the car to continue moving in the event of a flat or a tire puncture. The car drives even with a complete loss of tire pressure and is able to travel from 80 km or more at speeds up to 80 km/h. Tires - reinforced, with several layers of high-quality rubber with a heat-resistant cord in the side parts. When punctured, these layers resist crushing and folding of the sidewalls;

ROWL - white contour embossed signs are applied to the sidewall of the tire;

RRBL - relief recessed black marks are applied to the sidewall of the tire;

RWL - white embossed marks on the sidewall of the tire;

SBL - black jagged marks on the sidewall of the tire;

VSB - a serrated vertical strip is applied to the sidewall of the tire;

WS - a white stripe is applied to the sidewall of the tire;

WSW - a white stripe is applied to the sidewall of the tire;

WW - white wall;

E - tires with optimized rolling resistance in accordance with the original equipment.

The desire to know what XL means in tire markings is expressed by many motorists who prefer to have more information about the tires they use. After all, an outdated study of what marking means can significantly affect the operation of the machine. Moreover, the information located on the surface of the cord can mean:

• the speed to which the rubber is adapted;

• winter or summer index has a wheel.

The wheel and its sidewall is an important source of information for vehicle owners. For example, if the manufacturer indicated XL tires on board, which means Extra Load, you can install it with confidence on vehicles that operate under heavy loads. Such a marker is an important indicator that determines the performance of tires.

How to decipher what XL means in tire markings?

Having decided on what XL stands for in tire markings, you can easily deal with the problem of buying them. Since this type of tires belongs to the category of reinforced ones, they are equipped with:

• reinforced sidewall type with double fiber polyester;

• increased rigidity - this should be taken into account when choosing the speed and style of movement;

• double layer of metal cord.

The use of tires of this type implies the ability to overcome large loads. For example, their installation is recommended for cars that reach speeds of more than 270 km / h and can easily cope with intense friction on the road surface. For off-road driving, such options are also very well suited and withstand moving even over very pronounced bumps, potholes and pits. The only negative that can be noted is the high vibration return.

Light-duty vehicles are also very active in exploiting this type of tire, providing opportunities for intensive transportation of heavy loads. If the expected axle load is higher than normal, you should think about purchasing reinforced tires for permanent use.

Many people know what the size index means, which is always printed on tires. The inscription may look like this: 195/65 R15. This means that the tire cord is radial (letter R) and that the size corresponds to the following parameters: width - 195 mm, profile height - 127. We calculated the height by multiplying 195 by 65%. By the way, the number "15" is the diameter of the rim, indicated in inches. Following the inscription with the standard size is another index. Let's take a closer look at what it might mean.

For example, let's take a standard passenger car tire. Let's see what inscriptions are on its "outer" sidewall:

Tire size 195/65 R15

1. The number "91" is the symbol for the maximum load. The value can range from 0 to 130;
2. One Latin letter - tire speed index. Any letters are used here except for I, O, X.

It remains to translate the numbers and letters into kilograms and kilometers per hour.

According to Lifan:

Deciphering the maximum load index

The bearing capacity index, or the designation of the maximum load, is deciphered throughout the world as follows:

Load capacity of tires

The load in kilograms that one tire can withstand is indicated. Compare the found number and the mass of the car, dividing the latter by 4.

For each car, truck or car, a "maximum permitted weight" is defined. This value is specified in the documentation. And by dividing it by the number of tires (usually 4), you get the load capacity of the tire.

By labeling tires, the manufacturer usually "underestimates" their load capacity. What is done on purpose. Simply, a value is indicated that can even be slightly exceeded without losing driving comfort. This does not apply to truck tires.

Incorrectly selected tires can.

Deciphering the speed index

What does the speed index on tires mean? You can convert letters to numbers using the table. The question is what do these numbers mean.

Tire speed indicators

It is clear that the manufacturer indicates the maximum speed, which cannot be exceeded, even when driving a car on asphalt. Breaking the rule, prepare for the fact that the tires will collapse. It turns out that the speed index is more related to durability, and not to driving safety. But the latter must not be forgotten either.

In practice, the following designations can be used: VR - more than 210, ZR - more than 240 km / h.

XL letters and decoding

Any tire manufacturer can use the XL designation:

Tire with index XL

These letters are deciphered as follows - Extra Load.

The inscription XL means the following: the sidewalls of the tires are reinforced. Perhaps an additional layer of cord has been applied, etc.

What does the index XL, which is applied on car tires, mean, we have sorted it out. A complete synonym for these letters will be the word Reinforced.

Tires with either of the two markings, XL or Reinforced, can withstand more pressure than any standard tire. The pressure that must not be exceeded is indicated on the sidewall after the letters MAX PRESSURE.

We hope the information is helpful.

All designations with decoding on video

Today, tire manufacturers offer a huge range of their products designed for different weather conditions and different operating conditions. And if you take for example any car and see what is written on the sidewall of the tire of this car, you will notice a large number of different inscriptions and symbols that carry a lot of important and useful information. Let's try to look at an example:

For example: Michelin Energy Saver 215/60 R16 97T, Where

Michelin - brandtires

energy saver - modeltires

215 - tire width, mm; (tire width is measured in millimeters)

60 - the height of the tire profile, (the height of the tire is measured in percent). This is the percentage of the height of the tire to its width.In this case, 60% of the width of 215 mm is 129 mm, (i.e. the height of the tire turned out to be 129 millimeters).In some tire sizes, this indicator is not available, for example, 215 R16 C 105Q. Such tires are called full profile,and the ratio of the height of the tire to its width in this case is 80% or 82%. Typically designed for light truckstransport.

R - indicates that the design of the tireradial.

16 - indicates the diameter of the disc on which you can install a tire of this size

97 - index of permissible load on the tire in kg. Below is a load index table.

T - speed index. This indicator shows the maximum allowable speed at which the tire retains its performance. Below is a table of speed indices.

XL - (Extra load). This marking indicates that the tire has an increased margin of safety.

Load index table

Load index	Load index	Load index
70	335	90	600	110	1060
71	345	91	615	111	1090
72	355	92	630	112	1120
73	365	93	650	113	1150
74	375	94	670	114	1180
75	387	95	690	115	1215
76	400	96	710	116	1250
77	412	97	730	117	1285
78	425	98	750	118	1320
79	437	99	775	119	1360
80	450	100	800	120	1400
81	462	101	825	121	1450
82	475	102	850	122	1500
83	487	103	875	123	1550
84	500	104	900	124	1600
85	515	105	925	125	1650
86	530	106	950	126	1700
87	545	107	975	127	1750
88	560	108	1000	128	1800
89	580	109	1030	129	1850

Speed ​​index table

Index	km/h
N	140
P	150
Q	160
R	170
S	180
T	190
U	200
H	210
V	240
W	270
Y	300
Z	over 240

American tire label

For example: BF Goodrich All Terrain31X10.5R15 , Gde

BF Goodrich- Tire brand

31 - outer diameter of the tire in inches (1inch = 2.54cm)

10.5 - tire width in inches;

R- indicates that the tire design is radial;

15 is the inner diameter of the tire in inches.

Additional information that is applied to the sidewall of the tire.

Designation	Description	photo
M+S	(Mud + Snow translates as "mud plus snow"). Tires with this designation can be used as winter or all-season
AS (AllSeason)	all seasontirefor any weather.
A.W. (Any weather)	all seasontirefor any weather.
"Snowflake"	involves the use of the tire in harsh winter conditions. The absence of such a pictogram indicates that the tires can only be used in summer conditions.
"Umbrella"	These tires are designed for rainy weather and are not subject to the hydroplaning effect.
rain,water,AQUA	These tires are designed for rainy weather and are not subject to hydroplaning effect.
rotation	directional tire. The direction of rotation of the tire is indicated by an arrow printed on its sidewall.
outside and inside	outside of the tire. The inscription itselfoutside should be on the outside of the vehicle.This designation is used on asymmetric tires. InsideorsideFacingAwards - the inner side of the tire. The inscription itselfInsidemust be on the inside of the vehicle. This designation is used on asymmetric tires.
Left orRight	tires with this designation are left and right. Accordingly tires with the inscriptionLeft installed on the left side of the car, and with the inscriptionRight to the right.
Tubeless (TL)	tubeless tire.
Tube type ( TT)	tube tire
Max Pressure	maximum allowable tire pressure, in kPa.
Max load
XL - (Extra Load)	reinforced tire.
" LT" (Light Trucks)	tires for light trucks, small commercial vehicles, vans and heavy SUVs.
Reinforcedor Reinf	reinforced tire (consists of 6 layers)
"C"	reinforced tire (consists of 8 layers)
"R" (Passenger)	tires for cars
Steel Radial or Steel belted	steel cord radial tire
MFS	(Maximum Flange Sheild). The system of maximum bead rim protection protects expensive wheels from damage against curbs and sidewalks - a rubber profile around the circumference of the tire, located on the lower part of the wall above the rim flange, forms a buffer zone.
run flat	(flat tire driving) is a technology that allows your car to continue moving after a tire puncture or deflation. Even if the tire pressure is completely lost, this technology allows the car to travel at least 80 km more, at speeds up to 80 km/h. Reinforced tires, as a rule, have several layers of rubber with a heat-resistant cord in the side parts, which, with a complete loss of pressure, do not allow the sidewalls of the tire to fold or wrinkle. Each tire manufacturer has its own RUNFLAT technology label.