And detachment from him from the driver's seat mounted machines And guns having a "reciprocal" node - an automatic coupler lock.
The device provides free hanging machines, shifted to the side relative to the tractor axis up to 120 mm, with a lock tilted forward up to 15°, and also deviated to the side up to 15°.
Design
The CA-1 automatic coupler is flat welded frame, consisting of two square pipes located at an angle of 65 °.
In the lower part of the automatic coupler frame, from the outer and inner sides, pins are welded with which the automatic coupler installed in the holes of the hinges of the longitudinal rods hanging mechanism.
When installing the automatic coupler on the linkage mechanism, its longitudinal rods must be attached to the outer fingers of the frame.
In cases where traction interferes with work, for example, when cultivating tall crops in a row spacing of 700 mm, it is recommended attach longitudinal rods to inner pins.
In the upper part of the frame, strips with holes are welded for attaching the automatic coupler to the rear hinge of the central link of the linkage mechanism.
It is allowed to insert the thrust finger into the hole of the bar or into the groove. It is recommended to connect the central rod to the groove. In this case, the frame will be in an inclined position from the tractor, which makes it easier to hitch the machine.
In case of insufficient transport clearance or uneven travel of the working bodies of the machines, connect central rod with a frame through a hole in the bar.
When connecting the central link to the frame through the hole and tilting the machine lock back, before hitching the machine lengthen the central link, and after hanging, shorten it to the required length.
Doggy provided for fixing the connection of the frame with the lock agricultural machines.
The lock is a flat structure consisting of two channels welded at an angle of 65° and fastened with a tie.
During operation, the toe of the dog must rest on the stop of the lock. For tightness of the connection, with the help of eccentrics located on the rear plane of the lock of the machine, install minimum gap between stop And doggy toe.
1 - dog; 2 - spring; 3 - handle; 4 - bar; 5 - frame; 6 - finger; 7 - channel; 8 - connection; 9 - eccentric; 10 - emphasis; 11 - groove for the automatic coupler pawl.
Assembly
The connection of the CA-1 automatic coupler frame with the lock is as follows.
When the frame is inserted into the cavity of the lock, the pawl under the action of a spring jumps into the lock and fixes the connection.
To disconnect the frame with the lock, it is necessary to turn the handle with the help of a cable stretched into the tractor cab and disengage the dog with lock stop.
Then, holding the handle, lower the hitch mechanism with the frame installed on it, before the exit of the frame from the castle and move the tractor away from the mounted machine.
When storing the coupler frame in the lock of the agricultural machine insert the cotter pin into the hole of the dog. This will prevent the frame from falling out of the lock if you accidentally press the handle.
Installing attachments on a tractor is not always easy and requires some time. However, today the AC-1 automatic coupler from MTZ is widely used, which easily and at minimal cost solves the problem of installing mounted units. Read about the MTZ automatic coupler, its device and operation in this article.
Appointment of the automatic hitch CA-1
Only in rare cases is a tractor needed by itself - the main value of this machine lies in the ability to install various attachments and implements on it. It is thanks to attachments that the tractor becomes a village worker, a housing and communal services worker or an assistant in any other field.
To install attachments on a tractor, a special device is used - a rear hitch. In our country, the MTZ three-point hitch is most widely used, which over the past decades has been used both on wheeled Minsk tractors and on tractors of other plants. The rear linkage is universal, it allows you to install a variety of attachments and implements, but it has one drawback - to install equipment, the tractor driver has to leave the cab, sometimes use assistants, and always spend some time on unnecessary work.
The solution to the problem is the SA-1 automatic hitch from MTZ - this simple device has long been used on tractors, it has a low price and wide capabilities. With the help of the MTZ automatic coupler on any wheeled tractor equipped with a standard rear three-point linkage, you can quickly install a wide variety of attachments, and you don’t even have to leave the cab for this.
Today, the SA-1 automatic hitch is widely used in agriculture, housing and communal services, construction, industry and other industries. The MTZ automatic coupler saves time and effort, reduces the downtime of the tractor and equipment, and also reduces the fatigue of machine operators.
Automatic coupler device
The automatic hitch has a fairly simple device. It consists of two main parts:
Frame - mounted on the rear hitch of the tractor;
. Lock - installed on attachments.
Frame. The frame is based on two square tubes welded at an angle of 65°. In the lower part of each of the pipes there are pins for connecting the frame with the tractor's rear hitch. In the upper part of the frame there is a locking mechanism in the lock - this is a latch ("dog"), held in position with a spring. Also in the upper part of the frame there is a cheek for attaching to the rear hitch and a latch drive - a lever and a thin steel cable that extends into the tractor cab.
Lock. Like the frame, the lock is a triangular structure, but the lock is made from channels welded at an angle of 65°. In the upper part of the lock there is a connection (a triangle of steel), in which the fastening mechanism is located - it is just a slot in the triangle, under which a steel plate (eccentric) is screwed with bolts.
Today, automatic couplers are very often sold as a set, that is, a frame and a lock are included. However, there is always the opportunity to buy an MTZ automatic coupler separately or even spare parts for it.
How to work with automatic hitch
Before using the automatic coupler for its intended purpose, it is necessary to install the frame on the tractor and the lock on the attachment. The frame is mounted at three points: with the help of fingers to the lower links of the tractor linkage, with the help of a cheek - to the central link of the linkage. Moreover, due to the presence of fingers on the frame from the outside and from the inside, its installation can be done in different ways. In most cases, the hitch rods can be connected to the outer pins of the frame, but often widely spaced rods interfere with the work, and in such situations the frame can be mounted on a hinge on the inner pins.
After installing the frame on the hinge, a steel latch drive cable is pulled inside the cab. It is thanks to this drive that the possibility of hanging equipment (as well as subsequent removal) is created without leaving the cab.
Together with MTZ tractors, the SA-1 automatic coupler has been successfully used for several decades, which saves a lot of time and helps to use the equipment as efficiently as possible. All about the MTZ automatic coupler, its purpose, design and operation features, read in the proposed article.
The purpose of the automatic hitch
Wheeled and tracked tractors used with trailed and mounted equipment are equipped with a universal three-point rear linkage. Using this device, the tractor can be operated in conjunction with various machines and units, including agricultural implements, equipment for housing and communal services, construction and other industries. The rear linkage of tractors is universal, easy to use and reliable, but it also has a significant drawback: the machine operator is forced to leave his workplace to hitch the equipment, which leads to loss of time and a decrease in the efficiency of equipment operation.
This problem is largely solved by a special device created several decades ago by the engineers of the Minsk Tractor Plant - the SA-1 automatic hitch. The automatic coupler is used in conjunction with the standard three-point linkage of MTZ tractors, although it is widely used on wheeled and tracked tractors of other models. The use of an automatic coupler automates the process of attaching and detaching mounted machines and units, as it does not require the operator to leave the cab.
Initially, the SA-1 automatic coupler was developed and produced at MTZ, but today it is produced by many small and large enterprises. This is due to its simple design, high reliability and durability.
The design and principle of operation of the automatic coupler
The CA-1 automatic hitch is a composite, it contains two related components:
- Frame - mounted at three points on the rear hitch of the tractor;
- Lock - in one way or another mounted on attachments.
Frame. It is an A-shaped structure of two square pipes welded together at an angle of 65 degrees. In the upper corner of the frame there are two transverse strips with holes and grooves, into which the hinge pin of the central adjustable linkage is inserted. The simplest fixation mechanism is also located here - the “dog”, which is held in position with the help of a lever and a spring. The pawl lever ends with a handle, at the end of which a cable is connected - this cable is pulled into the cab, and with its help the pawl is pulled back if necessary to disconnect attachments. On top of the frame is a centering roller (sleeve), which can also be used for additional fixation of attachments. Pins are installed in the lower part of the frame, with the help of which it is attached to the hinges of the longitudinal linkages of the hitch.
Lock. It has an even simpler device - it is welded from two channels at the same angle of 65 degrees, a steel triangular connection is welded in its upper part, which ensures structural rigidity and is a fixation element. An oval hole was cut out in the connection; an eccentric plate is mounted with bolts in its lower part.
The MTZ automatic coupler works as follows. If it is necessary to hang the equipment, the frame is inserted into the lock by lifting the hitch, when the upper point is reached, the pawl enters the hole in the connection on the lock, and snaps into place. The pawl has a hook shape, so it is locked by an eccentric on the lock, and the frame cannot get out of engagement with the lock. If it is necessary to disconnect the equipment, the machine operator in the cab pulls the cable, the locking handle turns the lever, and the pawl disengages from the eccentric. In this position, the frame can freely leave the lock, so when lowering the hitch, the attachment is disconnected.
Operation of automatic coupler type SA-1
To operate the automatic coupler, it is necessary to equip the tractor with a frame, and all attachments with locks. This task is facilitated by the fact that today frames and locks can be purchased separately, or a corresponding number of locks can be made.
The frame is fastened to the hinge at three points: by means of fingers to the longitudinal rods of the hinge, and with the help of cheeks in the upper part to the hinge of the central link of the hinge. Since there are grooves and holes in the cheeks, it is allowed to mount the frame to the central rod in various positions (vertically or at an angle), which are regulated by the position of the fingers in the grooves. For example, for some types of attachments it will be more convenient to install the frame strictly vertically, and for some - with a slight tilt back. The fastening of the lock part of the hitch to the attachments is also carried out at three points with various bolts or pins.
The operation of the automatic coupler is not particularly difficult and is available to machine operators even with little experience. Hanging machines and units is carried out in the following order:
- Arrange attachments so that the tilt angles of the lock and the frame coincide (it is allowed to shift from the tractor axis by 120 mm, as well as tilt forward and to the side (right or left) up to 15 degrees);
- Fit the tractor in reverse to the attachment, lower the attachment;
- Bring the frame under the lock;
- Raise the hitch so that the frame enters the lock;
- Raise the hitch until the pawl enters the lock hole and is fixed by the spring;
- If necessary, provide additional fixation of the lock with a cotter pin in the pawl or a pin in the roller.
Now the equipment is ready for operation, and the rigidity of the connection of the parts of the automatic coupler is sufficient for most jobs without the risk of losing equipment.
Detaching attachments is easier:
- Pull the cable to retract the lock pawl and release the frame;
- Slowly lower the hitch, the frame should come out of the lock on its own;
- Drive the tractor away from the released attachments.
Sometimes it happens that the automatic coupler does not disconnect, in this case you can try to pull the cable harder, as it is possible that the lock pawl is jammed. If the frame and lock bodies are jammed, then it makes sense to lower the hitch with increased effort. However, this method should be used with caution, since in this case deformation and breakage of the hinge parts is possible.
Over time, the CA-1 coupler is subject to deformation and corrosion, and its lock wears out, so the entire structure should be checked periodically and any problems eliminated. When cracks appear, it makes sense to completely replace the automatic coupler, since welding will only help for a short time. Malfunctions of the lock (pawl and its drive) should be eliminated as soon as possible, since this mechanism plays a key role in the reliable fixation of attachments and the safety of work.
With proper operation and timely repair, the SA-1 automatic coupler will become a reliable and simple assistant in performing hundreds of operations in any field.
Traction coupling devices MTZ-82.1 Belarus
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The drawbar hitch of tractors MTZ-82.1/80.1 Belarus can be equipped with coupling elements TSU-2 (hydraulic hook), TSU-1M (pendulum), TSU-1M-02 (combined hydraulic hook + pendulum), lowering traction, TSU-1Zh (crossbar ) and TSU-1Zh-01 (double cross member) providing
aggregation and transportation of trailers and semi-trailers (with the installed TSU-2 - semi-trailers).
Connecting devices must meet the following requirements:
Compatibility on the connecting sizes;
Machines have rigid trailers;
The drawbars of the trailers are equipped with a device that facilitates coupling and uncoupling with the tractor's towing devices;
Semi-trailer towing devices have an adjustable support.
The main parameters of the towing devices are given with the standard rear tires installed on the tractor (18.4R34(F-11) - both single and double on tractors with FDA 822-2300020-02/04; 15.5R38 - both single and twinned on tractors with FDA 72-2300020-A-04 (FDA 72-2300020-A); 15.5R38 - both single and twinned on tractors with front axle 80-3000030) with standard static radii specified by the tire manufacturer.
Drawbar hitch TSU-2 (hydraulic hook) and combined device TSU-2M-02 (with a hydraulic hook installed in the working position and a pendulum installed in an additional position)
Fig.110. Installation diagram of TSU-2 (hydraulic hook) and TSU-2M-02 (combined device with hydraulic hook installed in working position)
Main parameters and connecting dimensions of TSU-2 (hydraulic hook) MTZ-82-1/80-1 Belarus
Standard size (version) - TSU-2 (hydraulic hook)
Appointment - For connection and aggregation of agricultural trailed and semi-trailed machines with running wheels, semi-trailers.
Design features - Hydraulic hook with control via NU, provides automatic coupling with loops of agricultural machines and semi-trailers.
Distance from the end of the PTO to the axis of the connecting pin, mm - 147.
Vertical load on the towing device at the coupling point, no more than, kN - 12.
Hook horn sphere size, mm - 47.
Place of attachment of the safety device on the tractor - Holes of the hitch bracket.
Combined device TSU-1M-02 (combined device with a pendulum installed in the working position and a hydraulic hook installed in an additional position)
Fig.111. Scheme of installation of TSU-1M-02 (with the pendulum installed in the working position and the hydraulic hook installed in the additional position)
Main parameters and connecting dimensions of TSU-1M-02 MTZ-82.1/80.1 Belarus
Installation location - Fastening in the lower and side parts of the rear axle housing.
Appointment - For connection and aggregation of agricultural trailed and semi-trailed machines with running wheels, except for tractor trailers and semi-trailers.
Design features - Pendulum - a traction bar with the possibility of changing the transverse and horizontal position in relation to the end of the rear PTO.
Lowering traction - a traction beam with the possibility of automatic lowering and lifting.
Distance from the end of the PTO to the axis of the connecting pin, mm 350-400.
The angle of rotation of the towing device of the machine in the horizontal plane, degrees, not less than ±60.
Connecting pin diameter, mm - 30.
Place of attachment of the safety device on the tractor Holes of the hitch bracket.
Relative design value of longitudinal forces (D), kN, not more than - 56.1.
Traction hitch TSU-1Zh (crossbar) MTZ-82-1/80-1 Belarus
Installation location - On the front ends of the split lower links.
Distance from the end of the PTO to the center of the kingpin of the crossbar, mm - 400.
The diameter of the holes in the cross member for the connecting pin, mm - 32.
Vertical load on the towing device at the coupling point, no more than, kN - 6.5.
Pivot diameter, mm - 30.
Type of safety device - Insurance chain (cable).
Place of attachment of the safety device on the tractor - Holes of the crossbar free from the fastening of the fork.
Drawbar hitch TSU-1Zh-01 (double cross member) MTZ-82.1/80.1 Belarus
Installation location - At the rear ends of the telescopic lower links.
Appointment - For connection and aggregation of trailed and semi-mounted agricultural machines with coupling loops.
Distance from the end of the PTO to the center of the king pin of the crossbar, mm - 320, 400, 480 - for tractors with a hydraulic lift 390, 470, 550 - for tractors without a power and with a power regulator.
The diameter of the holes in the cross member for the connecting pin, mm - 32.5.
Vertical load on the hitch at the coupling point, no more than, kN - 12.
Pivot diameter, mm - 30.
Type of safety device Insurance chain (rope).
Place of attachment of the safety device on the tractor - Holes of the double crossbar free from the installation of the pivot.
Resetting the positions of the pendulum and hydraulic hook in the combined device
When working with the combined device TSU-2M-02, one of the coupling elements (hydraulic hook or pendulum) is set to the working position, and the other is set to an additional position that is not used when the tractor is operating.
When working with the hitch, with the hydraulic hook 9 installed in the working position, the pendulum 11 is attached on one side with a pin 6 to the bracket 8 and fixed with a cotter pin 7, on the other side the pendulum 11 is tied to the plate 5 with wire 4.
The second pin 6 is fixed in the free hole of the bracket 8. The bolt 10, designed to fix the hydraulic hook 9 in an additional position, is screwed into the free threaded hole of the bracket 8.
The earring 1, with the pin 2 installed in it, is attached to the pendulum 11 with the help of the pin 3.
When working with a towing device, with the pendulum installed in the working position, the hydraulic hook is fixed to the bracket 8 with the help of the bolt 10, the hydraulic hook horn lies on the plate 5.
Pins 6 installed in the bracket 8 limit the transverse movement of the pendulum. The fingers are fixed with cotter pins 7.
Fig.112. Scheme of installation of the pendulum and hydraulic hook in the working and additional positions in the combined device TSU-1M-02
A) Installation of the hydraulic hook in the working position, the pendulum - in the additional position, b) Installation of the pendulum in the working position, the hydraulic hook - in the additional position, 1 - earring; 2 - finger; 3 - kingpin; 4 - wire; 5 - plate; 6 - finger; 7 - cotter pin; 8 - bracket; 9 - hydraulic hook; 10 - bolt; 11 - pendulum.
To move the pendulum from the additional position to the working one, do the following:
Remove pins 7 from cross member 8;
Lower the rear hitch so that the levers 13 are in a horizontal position;
Pull out pin 6 and take out hydraulic hook 9;
Remove pendulum 4 from plate 5 and bracket 10;
Remove the kingpin 2 from the pendulum lining 4, thereby releasing the earring 1 with the pin 3, install the kingpin back;
Install earring 1 on pendulum 4 and fix on it with pin 3;
Set the pendulum assembly to the working position, and fix it with pin 6;
Raise the RHL to the upper position;
Install pins 7 in the holes of the cross member 8;
Move the bolt 11 into the threaded hole of the ear of the bracket 10 to the left of the grip 12;
Insert the pins 15 into the holes of the bracket 10, thereby fixing the pendulum from transverse displacement;
Set the hydraulic hook to an additional position.
To move the hydraulic hook from the additional position to the working position, do the following:
Move the bolt 11 into the threaded hole of the ear of the bracket 10 to the right of the grip 12;
Remove pins 7 from cross member 8, remove pins 15 from bracket 10;
Lower the rear hitch so that the levers 13 are in a horizontal position;
Open the grips 12 using the handle 14;
Pull out pin 6 and take out the pendulum assembly;
Remove the hydraulic hook from plate 5 and bracket 10;
Set the hydraulic hook into working position and fix with pin 6;
Insert fingers 7 into the holes of the cross member 8, thereby fixing the hydraulic hook 9 to the cross member;
Raise the rear hitch to the top position;
Set the pendulum to the additional position.
Fig.113. Reinstallation of the pendulum and hydraulic hook into working positions on the MTZ-82-1 / 80-1 tractor Belarus
A) hydraulic hook in working position, b) pendulum in working position, 1 - earring; 2 - kingpin; 3 - finger; 4 - pendulum; 5 - plate; 6 - finger; 7 - finger; 8 - cross member; 9 - hydraulic hook; 10 - bracket; 11 - bolt; 12 - capture; 13 - lever; 14 - handle; 15 - finger.
The pendulum, both included in the combined device and installed separately, has the following installation options:
Two positions in length;
- three positions in the transverse plane.
To change the length position:
Remove pin 6 from bracket 10;
Move the pendulum assembly until the second hole of the earring 1 of the pendulum coincides with the hole in the bracket 10;
Fix the new position of the pendulum with pin 6.
To shift the axis of the tool relative to the axis of the tractor, the pendulum 2, in addition to the main position, can be installed at an angle of (4±1)º relative to the longitudinal axis of the tractor:
Position +(4±1)º relative to the tractor axis – pendulum 2 is fixed by pins 1 inserted into holes A of bracket 3;
Basic position - the pendulum is fixed with fingers 1 inserted into the holes B of the bracket 3;
Position -(4±1)º relative to the tractor axis – the pendulum is fixed by pins 1 inserted into holes B of bracket 3.
Fig.114. Options for mounting the pendulum relative to the longitudinal axis of the tractor
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Service and adjustments MTZ-82 __________________________________________________________________________Operation and service of MTZ-82.1, 80.1, 80.2, 82.2
