Soviet era cars. Soviet-era cars Gaz 24 10 specifications

13.08.2019

Fuel system

GAZ-2410 - the legendary Soviet car, which was produced by the Gorky Automobile Plant. In the common people, this car is known under the simple name "Volga". It became a deep restyling of the previous GAZ-24 model. For the first time ever, the Volga became available to an ordinary Soviet citizen.

Creating a legend

GAZ-2410 began to be produced at the end of 1985. If you plunge into history, then for the first time the Volga was released in 1956, the car was called the GAZ-21. But by the end of the 70s. the design of the old Volga was too outdated, a new modification was developed. In 1967, a completely new car was born. At that time, the duration of the conveyor assembly was supposed to be ten years. Due to political intrigues in the Soviet Union, the GAZ-2410 debuted only at the end of 1978.

In 1985, political problems settled down, and the Volga was launched into a series. The Volga GAZ-2410 took over from its predecessor and was produced in parallel with another modification of the GAZ-3102.

"Volga" was in great demand, it was one of the most popular taxi cars. Also, some modifications in the station wagon body were used in other organizations, as well as in the ambulance.

Specifications

Vehicle parameters	Car GAZ-2410
body type
Curb weight, kg
Gross weight, kg
Front wheel track, mm
Rear wheel track, mm
Maximum speed, km/h
Fuel consumption, l/100 km
Engine model
engine's type	Carburetor
Engine volume, cm cube.
Engine power, l. With.

Transmission	Mechanical 4-speed
Fuel tank capacity, l

To date, the technical characteristics of the Volga will not surprise you. The body of the GAZ-2410 is made of durable metal. The thickness of the metal is 1.2-1.4 mm, because of this, the car has a large mass. Volga has established itself as a reliable and durable car.

Engine compartment

Many variations of the engine were installed on the GAZ-2410 car. Even a diesel version of the car was presented for export. The GAZ-2410 engine is the ZMZ-402, a modified engine from the old Volga GAZ-21. The pump of this engine was installed directly on the head, and the coolant flowed through a stainless steel tube into the jacket. Engine cooling had to be uniform, for this the section of the front channels was shortened, and the rear channels were left with the same dimensions.

In the engine compartment it is impossible to find any plastics, servos, power steering, even the radiator grille is made of pressed iron. Contactless ignition was installed, which at that time was considered an innovation. In general, the ZMZ-402 was a reliable engine designed for a quiet ride. The low efficiency of this engine lies in the volume of the 2.4 liter engine, which produces only 95 hp. With. Compared to modern cars, this is simply irrational.

Suspension and transmission

Initially, the Volga was supposed to be produced with an automatic transmission, power steering and a V6 engine. The developers of the Gorky plant looked with an eye on American cars. But all these plans remained only projects.

The car is equipped with the same 4-speed gearbox that was installed on the GAZ-24; a split rear axle, which was connected by a cardan without the use of intermediate supports. The nodes of the "Volga" required more careful balancing, with wear, vibration could appear, which was subsequently very difficult to eliminate.

The car is not equipped with power steering, it was replaced by a steering cardan with an elastic coupling. Volga received a new brake system. A conventional vacuum brake system is installed, but time-tested, reliable and durable. Drum brakes are installed on the car, although initially, according to the project, they should have been disc brakes.

Salon and exterior

Externally, the car is made in accordance with the fashion trends of the 70-80s. The similarity of the Volga with American and European cars cannot be overlooked. The design of the car is similar to such famous brands as Plymouth Valiant, Dodge Dart, Chevrolet Nova and many others. No wonder the Volga is called the Soviet Mercedes. This car was originally intended for people of the highest category: businessmen, politicians, military personnel and KGB officers.

The interior of the car is made of plastic, and the seats are most often made of leatherette and velor. Head restraints were also installed on the seats. Some elements were made "under the tree", from a wood-colored polyvinyl chloride film.

The dashboard is set in a more modern style, you can already see a tachometer, oil level gauge, oil temperature and engine temperature. Improved the heating system in the cabin. The stove warmed well even in the bitter winter.

Reviews of motorists

With proper care of the car body, it was very durable. Even in our time, specimens have been preserved whose body is almost perfect. Due to the use of thick metal, the body is very durable. For GAZ-2410, the price was 11,000 Soviet rubles. However, today it is almost impossible to find a Volga in perfect condition.

First of all, the Volga is famous for its reliability, but the car is not without its drawbacks. The dimensions of the car are so large that it will be difficult for beginners to adapt to this car. "Volga" practically "does not steer" and "does not slow down." The steering wheel turns hard, it is impossible to control the car with one hand. After a certain period of time, the carburetor becomes clogged and requires cleaning.

Very high consumption of the car - an average of 12-13 liters in urban mode. The engine for this car, to put it mildly, is weak. The Volga is not very responsive to acceleration, it clearly lacks engine power. Unpretentious car - GAZ-2410. Repairing it will not be expensive, spare parts are easy to find in any car market. Parts prices are quite reasonable.

Tuning and its features

Tuning GAZ-2410 is a common occurrence today. It comes in various types. The car is restored to a state of new, as from the assembly line. Some car enthusiasts spend a lot of time and money looking for original parts to restore the car in retro style.

The salon is most often tuned. On the GAZ-2410, the electrical circuit allows you to install the best audio system that many music lovers can envy. Amplifiers, a subwoofer, an audio recorder are not uncommon for the Volga, people try to keep up with the times and use new technologies in their car.

The car is driven by the rear wheels. Tuning GAZ-2410 allows you to prepare it for drifting competitions. But for this it is necessary to change almost everything in the car. Therefore, the body of the Volga is lightened, or rather, everything superfluous is cut out. Steering, suspension, engine - all this is subject to big changes.

After 30 years

A lot of time has passed since the first "Volga" of the 24th model rolled off the assembly line. But the passion for classics and retro style has not died out for many. It is difficult to find a Volga in factory condition, and such a find will cost over 200,000 rubles. At the same time, not every lover of a domestic car will agree to part with the legendary car. Having improved the car "for themselves", few people want to give it into the wrong hands, even for a very high price.

The GAZ-2410 model is outwardly similar to the American "muscle cars". Buying an American car from the 70s and 80s is not a very profitable business. But the Volga is the very option that will suit the adherents of the retro style. The car body is left without any changes. A large engine compartment allows you to install almost any engine.

Salon cars can also be done for every taste. The car is a designer for those who like to restore and upgrade equipment. But the new Volga will forever remain a legendary car, born at the Gorky Automobile Plant.

Conclusion

GAZ-2410 ("Volga") really deserves respect. This car was sold in the amount of one and a half million copies. This is a business class car for a Soviet citizen. Few were allowed to acquire it at that time. And to this day, the car lives, without losing its popularity.

The legend of the Soviet automobile industry, which keeps a history, is famous for its reliability and durability. The presence of obvious disadvantages, such as high fuel consumption, large dimensions of the car, difficulty in driving, does not make this car bad. If you have enough desire, you can buy a Volga, improve it, and it will easily serve another 30 years.

GAZ 24 modifications

GAZ-24-01, 1970-1971, to work in a taxi. It was equipped with a derated engine ZMZ-24-01, a special body marking of the “checkered” type, a green lamp “free”, and a leatherette interior trim that allows sanitation.
GAZ-24-02, 1972-1987, was mass-produced with a five-door station wagon body.
GAZ-24-03, sanitary based on GAZ-24-02.
GAZ-24-04, with a five-door station wagon to work in a taxi. It was equipped with a derated ZMZ-24-01 engine.
GAZ-24-07, 1977-1985, for work in a taxi, equipped with a gas-cylinder installation.
GAZ-24-24, version for special services, "catch-up" or "escort car". Equipped with a modified power plant from the GAZ-13 "Chaika" - engine ZMZ-2424, V8, 5.53 l, 195 l. With. and a three-speed automatic transmission, as well as power steering. It also had a reinforced body and chassis. Maximum speed - up to 170 km / h.
GAZ-24-54, right-hand drive export modification (less than 1000 copies produced).
GAZ-24-95, an experimental all-wheel drive modification, created using GAZ-69 units, a characteristic feature of the design is the absence of a frame.
GAZ-24A-247 And GAZ-24A-948, respectively, a van and a pickup truck, produced in small quantities from emergency taxi cars at the Voronezh Automobile Repair Plant. In addition to him, larger batches of pickups and vans were also produced at the Riga and Cheboksary car repair plants (model CHARZ-274).
GAZ-24-76 "Scaldia"- export modification of the Volga GAZ-24 with a sedan body, produced in the late 1970s.
GAZ-24-77 "Scaldia"- export modification of the Volga GAZ-24 with a station wagon body, produced in the late 1970s.
Car kits of these models were supplied for small-scale assembly of the Belgian company Scaldia-Volga S.A .. The power unit was a Peugeot Indenor XD2P diesel engine; braking system, structurally different from the standard GAZ - Rover brand. In the 1990s quite a lot of used cars of the Belgian assembly were re-exported to the Russian Federation.

Second generation GAZ 2410

GAZ-24-10- base sedan.
GAZ-24-11- taxi, with a body type "sedan".
GAZ-24-12- station wagon based on GAZ-24-10. It was designed to replace the Volga GAZ-24-02.
GAZ-24-13- sanitary, with a station wagon body. Ambulance with a capacity of 4 + 1 (on a stretcher).
GAZ-24-14- passenger-and-freight taxi converted to AI-76 gasoline.
GAZ-24-17- a taxi with an engine running on liquefied gas.
GAZ-24-34- “high-speed car” or “escort car” (informally, the workers of the car factory and the townsfolk called it “catching up” or “mad”).
GAZ-24-60- southern or tropical version (dry and humid climate).

Performance characteristics of GAZ 24-10 Volga sedan

Max Speed: 150 km/h
Fuel consumption per 100 km in the city: 15 l
Fuel consumption per 100 km on the highway: 10 l
Fuel tank volume: 55 l
Curb vehicle weight: 1400 kg
Tire size: 205/70 R14
Disc size: 5.5J x 14

Engine Specifications

Location: front, lengthwise
Engine capacity: 2445 cm3
Engine power: 100 HP
Number of turns: 4500
Torque: 182/2600 Nm
Supply system: Carburetor
Turbo: No
Gas distribution mechanism: No
Cylinder arrangement: inline
Number of cylinders: 4
Cylinder diameter: 92 mm
Stroke: 92 mm
Compression ratio: 8.2
Number of valves per cylinder: 2
Recommended fuel: AI-92

Brake system

Front brakes: drums
Rear brakes: drums

Steering

Power steering: No
Steering type: Globoid worm with recirculating balls

Transmission

Drive unit: Rear
Number of gears: manual - 4

Suspension

Front suspension: helical spring
Rear suspension: Spring

Body

body type: sedan
Number of doors: 4
Number of seats: 5
Machine length: 4735 mm
Machine Width: 1800 mm
Machine height: 1476 mm
Wheelbase: 2800 mm
Front track: 1496 mm
Rear track: 1428 mm
Ground clearance (clearance): 174 mm

Production

Year of issue: from 1986 to 1992

The GAZ 24 model belongs to the class of passenger cars of the prestigious middle class, has an all-metal closed sedan-type body. Here are all the technical characteristics of the "twenty-four". 2410 appeared much later, and was a prestigious, “cool”, modernized version of the usual 24. So, for example, obsolete windows-windows disappeared from the front windows, chrome disappeared from many parts of the body, giving way to black plastic, many elements appeared in the interior from the "coolest" Volga - 3102nd, etc. And the engine power was, as a rule, not less than 100 hp

Specifications

Number of seats, (including driver's seat) 5
Permissible load in the trunk, taking into account the load of 5 people in the cabin 50 kg
Curb weight 1425-1470, (the most common option is 1450)
Gross weight - curb weight of the car itself, + passengers + luggage 1800-1820 kg
The maximum permissible total weight of the towed trailer, not equipped with brakes, 500 kg
The maximum allowable weight of the trunk, taking into account the cargo installed on the roof 50 kg
The smallest turning radius along the track of the outer wheel is 5.5 m

You can order a color book:

Dimensions

Vehicle length 4735 mm
Width 1800 mm
Height 1490 mm
Wheelbase 2800 mm
Aerodynamic drag coefficient, Cx 0.455-0.48
Track
front wheels 1470-1494 mm
rear wheels 1420-1423 mm
Ground clearance 174-180 mm
Ground clearance (lowest point under the bottom) under load 165-170 mm
Fuel consumption (control)
on the highway, l / 100 km. 8.8-9.1
average, l/100 km. 10.8-11.2
in the city, l / 100 km. 12.7-13.3
Approach angles, in degrees (under load) - front / rear 30/20

Characteristics of the power unit

Model ZMZ-24 series
The working volume of the motor, l. 2.446
Power Type Carburetor
Number of cylinders 4
Cylinder diameter and piston stroke, mm (92х92)
Compression ratio 8.0-8.6
Power, hp at rpm - at least 90-110/4500 (the most common option is 100/4500 - gasoline and 85/4500)
Torque at rpm, Nm 186-206 / 2400-2500 (the most common option is 192/4500 - gasoline and 176/4500 with LPG installation)
Direction of rotation of the crankshaft - right
Grade of gasoline AI80; AI-93

Transmission

Transmission type mechanical, four-stage, synchronized
Gear ratios
1st gear - 3.5
II transfer - 2.260
III transfer - 1.450
IV transfer - 1.000
R - reverse - 3.540
Main gear bevel, hypoid type
Final drive ratio 3.9
Clutch Single disc, dry type, hydraulically actuated
Cardan transmission open type, one shaft

When the development of the Volga GAZ-3102 had just begun at the plant, it was taken for granted that in the near future it would completely replace the outdated twenty-fourth model from the assembly line. On its basis, projects were developed for a mass car to replace the GAZ-24 and even a taxi car. Such a decision - two models in one body, differing in the level of equipment and, probably, in the power unit - would be absolutely consistent from the point of view of conventional logic.

However, in practice, the development of the GAZ-3102 in production proceeded at a very slow pace. Even after the start of mass production of the new model, GAZ's allied enterprises were unable to ensure stable supplies of individual items of components, which is why production volumes were limited to several thousand per year. In addition, the new "Volga" quickly acquired a special, elite status of a car for high-ranking officials, generals and the party apparatus.

The result of this process turned out to be somewhat unexpected: the Gazites had to forget about the idea of producing a mass model in the same body for a while. Vladimir Nikitich Nosakov, who was the chief designer of the passenger car plant in those years, recalls that the issue was decided at the very top: the Minister of the Automotive Industry was clearly and directly told that the car that officials and generals drive should not ride in a taxi.

Meanwhile, by 1984, the situation had changed: all the main design and technological problems with the production of GAZ-3102 had already been resolved, it became possible to gradually increase production, in which GAZ-related enterprises were vitally interested - an increase in production would significantly reduce the cost their products, reduce costs. Yes, and the plant itself to keep in production two related ones, but using different components and assemblies of the model, there was no more sense. Therefore, it was decided to create a new mass model of the plant based on the old GAZ-24 body, and not the modernized GAZ-3102, while maintaining the highest possible degree of unification from the “zero-second” in terms of components and assemblies.

For some reason of a technological nature, it was difficult to master the production of the modernized model, so the entire modernization took several years - from the appearance in 1984 of a plastic radiator grille on export cars to the renewal of the station wagon in 1987. The factory workers themselves recall that they worked on the modernization of the obviously outdated machine without much enthusiasm. Moreover, by that time, work had already begun on a car of a fundamentally new generation, which eventually resulted in the GAZ-3105 project (by the way, it was written about this car - not by me - ).

The first copy of the GAZ-24-10 was demonstrated in 1984 at an exhibition in Moscow, but this car outwardly by and large still corresponded to the GAZ-24, from 24-10 it had only “stuffing”.

In 1985 and early 1986, cars of the so-called "transitional" series were produced, which are sometimes referred to as GAZ-24M in everyday life (it is generally accepted that officially they went either as GAZ-24 or GAZ-24-10 - although information about machines with the inscription 24M on the plate). These cars (in everyday life "mutants", "transitions") had the main components and assemblies from the GAZ-24-10, but in terms of appearance and interior design, they were almost an arbitrary mixture of elements of the old and new models. They were made, apparently, as long as stocks of spare parts from the old model remained in the warehouses.

Finally, in 1986, the full-fledged restyled Volga GAZ-24-10 in a sedan body went off the assembly line. A similar update of the GAZ-24-12 station wagon took another year. The remaining modifications were also renamed in a similar way - they received a ten in addition to the designation.

The body of the GAZ-24 was taken as the basis for the modernized model, which received doors from the GAZ-3102 without vents in the glazing and a number of other, less noticeable changes. (including in power units). The car has lost a significant part of the chrome decor (chrome-plated inscriptions "Volga" on the front fenders and rear panel, molding on the bottom of the trunk lid, and so on; but the moldings on the thresholds were preserved and were installed from the factory until the appearance of GAZ-31029), the fangs disappeared from the bumpers, and the parking lights from the exhaust ventilation vents on the rear pillars, the license plate area located under the front bumper was removed. On the wheels appeared "aerodynamic" plastic caps that completely cover the disk.

The units were essentially the same as on the GAZ-3102, with the exception of the most scarce items - front disc brakes, a one-piece soft instrument panel and a pre-chamber engine.

As for the engine, according to an article in the magazine "Behind the Rulem" No. 1 for 1987, its modernization was carried out in several stages.

Until April 1986, partially modernized engines from 24s were installed, marked 24D-85M and 2401-85M.

Since April 1986, engines 402.10 and 4021.10 have already been installed on the GAZ-24-10, which had a number of differences from their predecessors: a reinforced cylinder block (part of the first 402 motors was assembled in a block from a prechamber engine with upper fixation of sleeves; later this was abandoned), studless main bearing caps, bushless camshaft bearings, upgraded cooling system with new pump, new larger intake and exhaust valves, double valve springs, reshaped cast iron camshaft, vibration damper on the crankshaft pulley, non-contact ignition system, new alternator , a modernized K-126GM carburetor and A14V1 spark plugs. Later, a K-151 carburetor was installed on some of the engines, which turned out to be “problematic” and did not enjoy the favor of motorists and repairmen. (not to be confused with the upgraded 151C mid-90s).

The cylinder liners, crankshaft, connecting rod and main bearings, camshaft with rods and timing gears remained backward compatible with the ZMZ-24D and 24-01 engines of the new engine family.

The 24-10 brake system was a hybrid based on the GAZ-3102 units (a tandem master brake cylinder, the design of which was modified, a vacuum booster, a pressure regulator in the rear brakes, pipeline elements, a handbrake drive) and GAZ-24 (wheel mechanisms, with the exception of the working cylinders of the rear brakes, which received pistons of reduced diameter - 28 mm versus 32, due to the transition to a new brake fluid of the Neva type). Some cars from the factory had disc brakes, but this was an exception to the rule.

There were other differences regarding the GAZ-24 - a modified geometry of the front suspension with an increased track, wider radial tires, a modified windshield wiper trapezoid with an increased resource, a new, much more powerful generator, electric heating of the rear window instead of blowing, front position lights transferred to the headlights, and so on.

Most of the Volga GAZ-24-10 was equipped with a simplified interior relative to the GAZ-3102 with a hard plastic instrument panel, although using the same instrument cluster as on the zero-second, and fabric seats (in the photo above, the “taxi” version with leatherette upholstery, except for the inserts in the driver’s seat). At the same time, some cars in the GAZ-24-10-051 version were still equipped with an interior with a soft panel from the GAZ-3102 and velor seats from it, but relatively few of these were produced.

Of course, modernization hardly made the “twenty-four”, which was thoroughly outdated by that time, any noticeably more modern compared to foreign models of the mid-eighties. But, nevertheless, the growth of operational and consumer qualities of the car was quite noticeable. The car has become noticeably more comfortable for the driver and passengers, with more convenient and modern controls, and got rid of a number of not entirely successful technical solutions, such as a hydraulic vacuum booster and a separator in the brake drive. In other words, the car was “pulled up” to the maximum extent possible to the level of the latest versions of the “classic” family of the Volga Automobile Plant - the Zhiguli VAZ-2105 and VAZ-2107.

At the same time, the Gorky Plant did not experience any problems with the sale of its products, since more than half of the Volga GAZ-24-10 immediately left for distribution to taxi companies, administrative and trade organizations. The rest immediately went into the hands of private traders, which was a clear difference from, say, AZLK, which began to overstock already in 1984, since the population of Moskvichi-2140 was not bought up very willingly. The export of the Volga also continued, mainly within the limits of the socialist countries.

Meanwhile, in the second half of the eighties, problems of a different nature began, associated with aging and physical wear and tear of dies, which have already gone through more than a million cycles in the entire life of the twenty-four. As a matter of fact, this is clearly visible in the quality of the GAZ-24-10 bodies, which has become noticeably worse than ten years before. At the same time, the fundamentally new Volga GAZ-3103 / 3104 / 3105, which were developed to replace the 24-10 / 3102 model range, were still in the early stages of fine-tuning - there could be no question of their development in mass production in the near future.

After the wear of the equipment reached a critical level along the entire technological chain of the stamping line, the plant faced a choice: either order new dies for the old model - for at least another million machines and 15-20 years of production, or still start assembling a mass model in the body of a limited-edition 3102, for which there were fresh, practically unworn dies.

The choice was made in favor of the second option, while a new front end was developed for the GAZ-3102 body, with a calm, non-provocative design and optics from Moskvich-2141, and the gas tank was moved back under the trunk floor, as with a zero-second tank it was impossible to install LPG equipment on a sedan-taxi and achieve the required unification of the floor panel with the station wagon.

It was in this way that the GAZ-31029 model was born at the very end of the eighties. Its development in mass production was carried out after the collapse of the USSR, in 1992. At the same time, the GAZ-24-10 model was removed from the assembly line, although the last copy of its high-speed modification GAZ-24-34 was already assembled in 1993.

It was a difficult period for the plant. The traditional consumers of its main products, medium-duty trucks - the army and agriculture - could not even dream of new cars in those years. Until the appearance of the GAZelle in 1994, only the Volga was in demand among all GAZ products. But what a demand!.. Working with full tension, the plant produced 450 Volga cars every day, for which the factory workers worked in three shifts 6 days a week. The annual production of passenger cars at GAZ increased from 65,000 to 124,000 in just one year and continued to grow. It was Volga GAZ-31029 that rescued the plant during this difficult period of its history, providing the necessary funding to launch the GAZelle series.

Unfortunately, the Volga itself, in the form in which it was known in the USSR - a strong, solid and well-assembled car - did not live up to this happy event. The structurally inherent qualities, of course, remained, but the build quality fell before our eyes, soon reaching a completely indecent level even by Russian standards. Somehow the assembled bodies were painted without primer, cutting down the consumption of paints and varnishes to the maximum: paint, which used to be used to paint one body, was now poured over two. It was during this period that motors assembled with unwashed feet appeared, with an unrecoverable imbalance that had to be sorted out already on a new car, gearboxes that forced car drivers to return to their arsenal such a technique as “double squeeze and regassing”, and other “charms” Volga cars of the nineties and, in part, the two thousandths.

For some time, GAZ was still trying to position its passenger products as “business class” cars, but, for obvious reasons, this became impossible already in the mid-nineties, with the possible exception of the small-scale GAZ-3102, which still retained a special “director’s » status. And then the Volga experienced a rebirth - as a relatively inexpensive and strong family car, addressed to a conservative and handy middle-aged man.

GAZ-31029 lasted on the Volga conveyor from 1992 to 1997. During this time, more than 830 thousand cars left it - twice as many as the GAZ-24-10 in less than 6 years of its release. It is curious that by now the number of surviving cars of both models is approximately equal, as far as can be judged from the ads for sale. Apparently, the "twenty-ninths" simply did not survive to this day for the reasons indicated above ...

Over time, this car became a testing ground for the plant for running in later technical and technological solutions introduced on later models: injection 16-valve engines of the 406 family, a five-speed gearbox, a rear axle with a solid crankcase, power steering, painting with two-component metallic enamels , and so on. Together with it, the lower engine with a four-speed gearbox, dating back to the “twenty-first” Volga, as the main power unit of Gorky sedans, a split rear axle and many other design solutions forty years ago, have gone into the past.

At one time, this car was given a variety of assessments, and mainly of a negative nature, and I will speak out on this matter. From my personal point of view, the appearance of the Volga GAZ-31029 was not much worse than that of the GAZ-3102, and combined very well with the latter as a mass model of the plant. Subsequent external upgrades, which were very expensive, only made the Volga even more eclectic than it was at the beginning of the nineties, and also reduced some of its consumer qualities: in particular, the “modern” voluminous bumpers with very low skirts, so praised by journalists in their time only worsened the geometric cross-country ability and increased the cost of restoring the car after the accident.

The money spent on all this props would be much more logical to spend, for example, on mastering the rear spring suspension (it was developed for the GAZ-31107, but never went into production), the introduction of an automatic transmission and the ABS system (developed for the GAZ- 31105, but also never implemented), which was more topical and would have given a much more pronounced effect.

Sometimes the question arises about the correctness of the model index, that is, GAZ-2410 or GAZ-24-10? The technical data sheet uses the first option, and the second option is indicated on the nameplate under the hood and in the factory instructions. 24-10 is the official index, and it should be used, according to the industry standard 2410 - a car of a different class.

Appearance of the classic Volga GAZ 2410

Release began a little earlier, it was also a prototype. Initially it was assumed that this model will be mass. For her, a new body with a more modern design was developed, many nodes were changed. But there was no mass production, only small series were produced. The reasons were the ambitions of high officials, for whom the model was intended, who did not want the same car to work like a taxi. As a result, mass production of the GAZ-24-10, which was a hybrid of the GAZ-24 and GAZ-3102, began.

From the prototype, the new model inherited the body (with the exception of individual parts) and some other elements, from 3102 - the ZMZ-402 engine and most of the transmission units. Some changes in individual components and parts were developed specifically for the new model.

GAZ-24-10 is a four-door sedan with a fairly spacious interior and a roomy trunk.

Volga GAZ 2410 rear view

Modifications 24-11 (taxi), 24-12 (station wagon), 24-13 (medical) and others were also produced. They came out in small batches of GAZ-24-34 with reinforced, used in special services. Most of the cars were intended for institutions as personal transport for medium-sized officials, as well as in taxis. A small share of cars was sold to the public.

The main technical characteristics of the GAZ-24-10 "Volga":

Despite the general similarity of the bodies, there were some differences in the exterior:

Instead of chrome grilles and wheel caps, the GAZ-24-10 has plastic ones.
The front marker lights are aligned with the headlights.
Turn signal repeaters appeared on the front fenders.
Door handles are recessed.
The window vents disappeared from the glass of the doors (it became more difficult for intruders to enter the salon).
The exterior mirror housings have increased and become plastic.
There are no separate reflectors, they are built into the rear lights.
Gone are the decorative chrome parts.
The parking lights have been removed from the rear pillars.

Engines

GAZ-24-10 was equipped with an in-line four-cylinder engine ZMZ-402 with. This is a modified 24D engine that was installed on the GAZ-24. The changes affected the cylinder head, the cooling system pump was removed from it and placed on the block. The head itself was reduced in height from 98 to 94.4 mm to create a higher compression ratio and switch to gasoline with a higher octane rating.

The exhaust system received a second exhaust pipe, the lubrication system was slightly changed. The main technical characteristics of the ZMZ-402 engine:

The resource declared by the manufacturer, thousand km - 200;
Weight, kg - 181;
Volume, liters - 2.445;
Power, kW / l. With. - 73.5/100;
Torque, N * m - 182;
Brand of gasoline - A-92, AI-93.

Some of the machines were equipped with a 4021.10 engine with a K-126GM carburetor. This modification is characterized by a reduced compression ratio and runs on A-76 gasoline.

Installed on Gas 24 engine 4021.10

The engine had reduced power (66.2 kW, or 90 hp) and less torque (172 Nm). Other technical characteristics do not differ from ZMZ-402. The design of both modifications is quite simple, complex electronics had not yet been installed at that time. The engines are unpretentious and reliable in operation, have high maintainability, with good maintenance and proper operation, the real resource increases to 250 thousand kilometers and more.

Typical engine malfunctions

Both modifications have several typical problems. One of the main ones is an oil leak from the rear crankshaft seal. There is an oil seal (a rope with graphite lubricant), which at high engine speeds (more than 2500) starts to let oil through. It has to be replaced. Another problem is overheating. The reasons may be an air lock in the cooling system, a malfunction of the thermostat or pump.

Due to design flaws, the central part of the block head is heated most of all. Cylinder head nuts should be periodically checked and tightened. Often there are knocks in the engine, the cause is most often increased valve clearances, they should be adjusted. If vibrations of the motor occur, check the condition of the pillows in the places of support, replace if worn.