The gearbox on all types of vehicles is the key link between the engine and the wheels. With the help of a small lever located in the cabin, the speed of cars is adjusted, and the Chevrolet Niva is no exception. The main purpose of a gearbox on vehicles is to change torque from the engine to the wheels. This article will tell you about all the nuances of a gearbox on a car: gear shifting, malfunctions (what they are characterized by), and how the mechanism works.
To begin with, it is worth introducing the device in question, so let's consider in detail its mechanism.
The gearshift mechanism of the Chevrolet Niva SUV is due to the presence of a plate with cutouts. The cutouts are rectangular and eight in number. The mechanism also includes: two washers (upper and lower), a lever and the main body. All of these box components are held together with three bolts.
The position selection mechanism is based on three studs that are held on the back cover of the box. The "neutral" position is between the third and fourth speeds and is carried out by two pairs of bars with spring guides. The plates are located in the grooves of the guide plates due to which, and mechanical action is provided on the lower end of the lever.
The control drive is based on three rods, which are connected to each other with forks. The inclusion of forward gears is ensured by the fact that the forks enter the holes of the sliding clutches. Reverse drive is provided by the entry of the fork into the hole of the intermediate gear.
On the ancestors of the Chevrolet Niva SUV, the possibility of introducing the rear instead of the fifth was inherent. On modern models, this possibility is excluded. An exception is provided due to the presence of a blocker, which is attached to the plug of the thrust tip. The locking mechanism is attached to the off-road gearshift lever.
To engage reverse, squeeze the clutch, and then push the shift lever down and move it to the “R” position. The mechanism for engaging the rear is provided by lowering the locking stop to a position below the lock pad. At the moment the speed is turned on, they are lubricated by spraying oil in the box. In order to avoid oil leakage from the box from the primary and secondary shafts, these places are sealed with oil seals, which periodically require replacement.
Gearshift diagram on a Chevrolet Niva
On most passenger cars, the shift pattern is identical. The exception is the inclusion of rear and fifth speeds, but on rear- and all-wheel drive vehicles of the VAZ family, this order is always the same. So, let's look at the location of all the gears of the box, and how they turn on. Below is a diagram to make it easier to understand.
So, as you can see, the scheme is standard, the first four speeds are the main ones and are switched on in turn. To turn on the fifth speed, you need to move the lever to the extreme right position and push forward. To turn on the rear - it is necessary to press the lever down in the neutral position, then, in the same form, take it to the right position and squeeze it back. Thus, a certain position of the lever on the Chevrolet Niva is switched on, below is a table of correspondence of the optimal speeds for each gear, it will be very useful for beginners to know.
The table says that when these speeds are reached, the next speed is required, but most experienced drivers do not even look at the speedometer needle when turning on a particular gear. When switching, it is worth fully depressing the clutch pedal, since the box is mechanical, and also remove your foot from the accelerator (gas) pedal.
Faults
Particular attention should be paid to malfunctions that are important to detect at the first sign and take appropriate measures.
Any malfunction that has arisen can be determined, first of all, by the first signs, and those for the transmission are: noise, knocking, bumps felt by the hand when switching, as well as jerks when the car starts to move. So, in order to eliminate certain malfunctions, it is necessary to know the root cause, i.e., what they indicate. The most common and likely signs of transmission problems are:
- the presence of noise;
- difficulty switching;
- spontaneous disabling of gears (popularly called "knocking out");
- lubricant leaks.
Often, car owners complain about a knock in the transmission, and they arise literally after 5-10 thousand kilometers. What do they testify to? To answer this question, consider the symptoms of malfunctions and causes in tabular form:
| sign | Type of malfunction or cause |
| Knocking in neutral position | The driveshaft bearing may be worn or the oil level may have dropped. |
| Knocking when switching on (switching) the speed | Lockout device worn out |
| Synchronizer clutches are worn out | |
| Loose transmission mount | |
| Knocking in the box while driving | Worn bearings or synchronizing clutches |
| Reduced oil level in the box | |
| Shocks when shifting and starting | Worn synchronizing clutches or output shaft |
| Partial release of the clutch pedal | |
| Low oil level (if shocks are repeated constantly) | |
| Possibly gear wear. |
It is rare to observe the phenomenon of backstage failure. The backstage is a node that connects the transmission lever and the rod that fits the box. The signs by which the backstage may fail are the following:
- Inherent large play of the transmission lever travel;
- Difficulty switching speed;
- Complication in adjusting the mechanism.
If there are erroneous switching on of speeds or there is a difficulty in switching, then it is worth resorting to adjusting the transmission drive. Jerks after switching and at the moment of movement indicate, first of all, a possible malfunction of the clutch basket, that is, it is necessary to replace the discs and pump the brake fluid. Also, jerks may indicate a failure of the clutch release. When repairing the clutch, it is necessary to pay attention to all the nodes of this mechanism.
Gearbox should always be in order
Hearing a knock in the transmission, it is worth hurrying with the repair, as this will entail serious problems. And the repair and replacement of the transmission is an expensive pleasure, so it is easier to fix the problem at the initial stage than to get rid of the consequences.
Summing up this section, it is worth noting that the transmission is a delicate thing, which, like the engine, requires attention and proper handling. Most often, the causes of malfunctions that cause knocking, noise or creaking in the box are the drivers themselves, who mishandle the device. Successful work!
The Chevrolet Niva gearbox has a three-shaft scheme, and as a rule, a five-speed gearbox is installed on it.
As stated in the regulations, it should be changed every forty-five thousand kilometers, and before that, it is advisable to warm up the car or drive it so that it does not completely become cold and is quite liquid. To make a change, you need the following set of tools:
- Special hexagon and preferably twelve
- Any capacity unnecessary to drain mining
- Any key for seventeen
The main stages of replacing the fluid on a Chevrolet Niva:
- Under the place where there is a special hole through which the working out from the crankcase of the gearbox itself is drained, we substitute the prepared special container
- To drain easily, remove the plug of the holes that are responsible for filling and draining the oil, and drain it.
- After the oil has been drained, the drain plug must be cleaned of various contaminants, and reinserted. If there are a lot of impurities in the oil that you drained or there are a lot of impurities in it, then the gearbox is washed, after which special flushing oil of about zero nine liters is poured into the crankcase itself, we screw the plug back into the oil filler hole.
- We hang out all the rear wheels or one, turn on the first gear and start the engine, it should work for about three minutes.
- After the engine has run, drain the flushing oil, wipe the oil drain plug and install it in place
- Using a special tool or a conventional syringe, pour new oil into the crankcase. Fill in 1.6 liters. After the whole procedure is completed, we put the cork in place.
At this point, the process of replacing the fluid in the box can be considered complete.
How is the replacement of the output shaft seal
If the seal is broken at the secondary so-called gearbox shaft, this can lead to a decrease in the oil level. In order to make a replacement repair, you need:
- Hammer
- Various standard screwdrivers
- Any key for thirty
And so for the replacement, we perform the following steps:
- Removing the intermediate transmission shaft
- At the centering ring, remove the seal, unscrew the nut that secures the flexible coupling flange, then remove the centering ring
- Remove the flange and lock washer
- seal and apply sealant
- The final stage is followed by a suitable mandrel in the checkpoint. All the parts that were removed are installed in the reverse order. We check at what level the oil is; if we see that it is not enough, we should add
Removing gearboxes on a Chevrolet Niva
What malfunctions are the main ones when it is necessary to remove the gearbox:
- Difficulty shifting gears
- Various noises appear
- The gears themselves turn on or vice versa, it is difficult to turn off
- Leaking oil
Also, its removal is required when the clutch is replaced.
To remove the checkpoint:
- Place the car on a pit or a special lift
- We disconnect the terminals from the battery, the protection is removed
- Drain the oil from the box
- It is necessary to remove the front driveshaft, and the intermediate shaft
- Disconnect wires from reversing lights
- We remove the cover of the handle of which we shift gears
- Unscrew the handle and remove it with the cover together
- We unscrew the nut that secures the base plate of the PP mechanism, and remove the rear power support unit
- We unscrew the nut, and the clamp that tightens the mechanisms by which the gears are shifted
- Remove the MPP drive by unscrewing the three bolts
- Unscrew the bolts that secure the clutch housing shield
- We remove not from connecting from the hose by unscrewing the two bolts of the clutch cylinder
- Removing the anti-roll bar
- We remove the entire mechanism assembly, namely the clutch housing and gearbox
Thus, having done all the points, you can change the oil yourself or the entire gearbox on the Chevrolet Niva, the process is not entirely automatic, so you have to sweat.
Every car enthusiast knows about the value and necessity of such a product as a gearbox. It is also known that sooner or later every detail or device has the property of wear or failure, which leads to a malfunction of one or another type of product or even system. Today we will pay attention to the gearbox on the Chevrolet Niva. We have already considered what the device is, why it is necessary and what basic elements it consists of. But most often, car owners of a chic Chevrolet Niva SUV have to remove the gearbox, which is caused due to the failure of the components of the box.
Of course, you will tell me why you need to dismantle the gearbox yourself, if this procedure can be performed much faster at a service station. Of course, it is very easy to return the car for the procedure of removing the box and then replacing the internal parts. But not every owner is willing to shell out a large amount of money to replace a couple of parts in the checkpoint. In addition, no one can be trusted as much as oneself, even when it comes to a professional approach. If you are familiar with a hammer and screwdriver, then the process of removing the box will even seem pleasant to you. So, let's start with, why do you need to remove the gearbox on the Chevrolet Niva?
Everyone knows that the gearbox on cars is the most unpretentious product, but only if it is handled correctly. Let's start from the beginning: Niva Chevrolet is an all-wheel drive SUV, which has been prepared for the track with various types of obstacles since the very design. Overcoming obstacles means loading the car, and many problems arise from the loads and overloads of the vehicle, in particular, parts of the engine, gearbox, clutch, etc. fail.
Thus, the reasons for dismantling the gearbox may be as follows:
- Removal for the purpose of subsequent replacement of the entire mechanism. But it is immediately worth noting that a new box is installed only in case of complete unsuitability of the old one. But this happens infrequently, only on cars with high mileage.
- For repair and cleaning work. These works may include: replacement of components that have failed, gaskets, backstage and other products. It all depends on what was disabled.
- When carrying out repair work on other vehicle components, if the gearbox interferes with the implementation of these measures.
We will not consider for a long time what you already know, but we will immediately proceed to the process of dismantling the checkpoint on the Chevrolet Niva. 
Before proceeding with the process of dismantling the gearbox, you will need to make sure that this event is necessary. For example, to change the oil in the box or replace the clutch slave cylinder, you do not need to remove it.
To carry out work on the removal of the gearbox, in addition to free time, you will also need the necessary tool.
Tool for the job
In order to remove the gearbox from a Chevrolet Niva car, you must use the following tool:
- A set of wrenches, in particular, a wrench for "10", "12", "13", "17".
- A set of hexagons, in particular, with a diameter of 12 mm.
- A container to drain the used oil from the box.
- Pliers and a set of screwdrivers.
- For ease of implementation, we recommend that the removal be done by two people, since the gearbox assembly is quite heavy.
After making sure that these tools are available, you can install the Chevrolet Niva SUV on the inspection hole and proceed directly to the process of removing the gearbox. 
Removing the gearbox: everything is in order
Before starting the procedure for removing the gearbox from the Chevrolet Niva SUV, be sure to set the car to the handbrake and place shoes under the wheels. Also open the hood and remove the minus terminal from the battery. This is necessary in order to avoid unintentional shorting.
So, let's get started:
Do not rest the end of the input shaft on the clutch petals. If the latter are deformed, it will be necessary to replace the pressure plate.
After removing the box from the Chevrolet Niva car, you can begin to carry out repair work, replace worn-out mechanisms, or install a new gearbox.
After carrying out repair work, make sure that the device is assembled correctly and that it will not need to be removed again. To carry out repair work with the checkpoint, it is recommended to invite a specialist if you are not sure of your capabilities. The gearbox is mounted in the reverse order of removal. As a result, do not forget to fill the box with oil and check its sufficient level.
At this stage, the process of removing the gearbox from the Chevrolet Niva car can be considered complete.
It is no secret that in order to drive a car, it is not at all necessary to understand the intricacies of the functioning of its components, but you will have to have a general idea of \u200b\u200bit. In particular, the Chevrolet Niva gearbox is just such a unit, since in the process of movement the driver controls it by selecting the desired gear.
Proper operation of the car implies a careful attitude to all vital components. The complex mechanical components of the Chevrolet Niva are a gearbox, axle gearboxes. They are designed for a certain resource, that is, the manufacturer guarantees trouble-free operation throughout the declared mileage, provided that all requirements and operating rules are met by the owner.
Regarding the variable gearbox (gearbox), you can follow the rules of operation only knowing about its functions, device and principle of operation. Each driver receives this initial knowledge in a driving school. Without them, all driving will be reduced to unconscious manipulations, which will lead to a reduction in the resource of vital nodes.
The variable gear box can simultaneously perform several functions at once. By controlling the gearbox, the driver rationally distributes the moment of forces obtained during the rotation of the crankshaft. The shaft cannot be rigidly connected to the wheel drives, since it is necessary to ensure the possibility of not only moving, but also stopping the car, starting it off, and reversing.
The gearbox allows you to disconnect the engine from the transmission for a long time. This has to be done when the car is parked for a long time or when it is “coasting”.
The gearbox converts the torque that is transmitted from the engine to the drive wheels. As a result of its operation, the wheels can rotate in a wider range of frequencies than the engine rotates.
The box allows the car to move in reverse, that is, in fact, changes the direction of the moment of forces to the opposite.
Chevrolet Niva gearbox
The scheme of the gearbox on a Chevrolet Niva car is not original and was developed much earlier than the launch of the conveyor. By its type, the gearbox is a five-speed mechanical with a three-shaft structure. It is possible to single out the key components of the box, since the complete scheme of its structure is quite voluminous.
Input shaft (1). It transmits force from a rotating motor. Can be separated from the engine for a short time by the operation of the clutch.
Carter box (3). All mechanisms are lubricated with gear lubricant, so they are located in a sealed crankcase, where this lubricant is filled.
Primary oil seal (4) and secondary shaft oil seal (5). It prevents leakage of lubricant at the point where the shaft enters the crankcase.
Gear synchronizers (7, 8, 9). Serve for a more precise engagement of gears and fix the selected engagement.
The intermediate shaft (6) is structurally made in such a way that it is in constant engagement with the input shaft. Gears are located on the intermediate shaft.
Output shaft (2). It is the driven shaft. It also has gears capable of moving along the axis of the shaft.
The gear selector is the assembly that drives the gear in the gear along the output shaft.
Shaft bearings (purple in section) ensure their rotation.
Transmission operation
In order to understand the principle of operation of the gearbox, it is necessary to track how the moment of force transmitted from the engine is distributed in the off and on gear mode. To do this, you need to familiarize yourself with some terms.
Gear ratio - the ratio of the rotational frequencies of the driving and driven shaft. It depends on the number of teeth of the mating gears.
Transmission - the selected method of pairing the shafts. Each gear has its own gear ratio.
The gear lever is the lever that activates the gear selection mechanism.
When no gear is engaged (the shift lever is in the neutral position), torque is transmitted from the crankshaft to the gearbox input shaft, and then, due to constant engagement, to the intermediate shaft. When the engine is running, the intermediate shaft rotates. All the gears of the intermediate shaft gears also rotate.
Engaging the gear means bringing one of the pairs of gears of the intermediate and secondary shafts into gear. With a rotating intermediate shaft, this cannot be done, so the driver turns off the clutch, temporarily disconnecting the input shaft from the engine. Since the input shaft may not completely stop, the engagement is carried out using a synchronizer. It allows you to engage rotating gears and fix this engagement. When the gear is engaged, the torque is transmitted according to the scheme: engine, input shaft, intermediate shaft, output shaft, cardan drive. The secondary shaft rotates at the frequency that the selected gear sets with its gear ratio. In order to change gear, the driver again disengages the clutch and manipulates the gearshift lever. He selects another pair of gears, which will engage, having previously broken the engagement of the previously engaged gear.
Checkpoint malfunctions
The gearbox in its concept is a gearbox with a variable gear ratio. Since this is a complex device, there can be several reasons for the occurrence of malfunctions at once. You can diagnose a gearbox breakdown by the following signs:
- Unable to enable transmission;
- Unable to turn off transmission;
- The included gear is not fixed (speed knocks out);
- The transmission is switched on with difficulty and a characteristic crunch;
- During the movement, extraneous noises are heard, vibration is felt.
All possible malfunctions in a trivial classification are divided into malfunctions of the box itself and a malfunction of the gear selection mechanism. The first type is:
- failure of synchronizers;
- gear wear;
- failure of shaft bearings;
- loosening of the fastening of the nut holding the gears;
- seal leak.
Malfunctions of the gear selection mechanism are accompanied by wear of the engagement fork, deformation of the rod, or a break in the drive cable. Repair work on the gearbox requires its preliminary dismantling.
The cause of a malfunction may be the development of the provided resource, but most often it lies in non-compliance with elementary recommendations for operation and maintenance. Routine maintenance includes only the timely replacement of transmission lubricant. It must be changed every 40 - 45 thousand kilometers.
Poor quality oil can cause increased gear wear, so it is advisable to adhere to the prescribed lubricant change schedule.
Box repair is expensive. It often has to be carried out at the service, so it is necessary to periodically check the oil level in the gearbox and inspect the crankcase for leaks.
The Chevrolet Niva car is widely used in the domestic market. All thanks to its technical equipment.
The Chevrolet Niva car is installed by the manufacturer with a 5 manual transmission, which has a 3-shaft scheme. In particular, there is a drive, secondary and intermediate shaft. The gearbox housing, synchronizer clutches are distinguished by their reliability.
There is a breather at the top of the clutch housing. This element minimizes the risk of high pressure in the gearbox when it is heated.
The installed checkpoint on the vehicle requires a careful attitude. In particular, it is recommended to pour high-quality fuel into the automotive system. The oil in the checkpoint on the Niva should be changed every 45,000 km. Especially for this, it is necessary to use ring wrenches, a funnel with a hose, and prepare a special basin for used oil.
The presence of a low gear Chevrolet Niva provides efficient movement over rough terrain. To turn it on, the motorist must switch the lever on the selector to the right and up.
The need to diagnose the Chevy Niva gearbox
If there are obvious problems with the Chevy Niva transmission, the vehicle owner needs to send the car for diagnostics.
The main signs of breakdowns:
- the appearance of noise from the side of the box;
- the impossibility of changing gears began to be noted;
- a spontaneous disengagement of a particular transmission occurs.
Chevrolet Niva driving hazard is created if there is oil leakage through existing seals. As a rule, this indicates that the seals and shaft have worn out. During prolonged use of the machine, the fastenings of the crankcase covers may also loosen.
With any of the listed manifestations, Chevrolet manual transmission repair is indispensable. Repair and restoration work may consist of changing the oil. During this process, be sure to clean the drain plug from dirt and wrap it in place. It is recommended to purchase the following gear oil options on Chevrolet: 75W-90, 80W-90. New fluid should be filled up to the level of the oil filler hole in the top cover.
Removing the checkpoint Niva Chevrolet
The gearbox is dismantled if there is a need to replace the flywheel, oil seal, and other consumables adjacent to the speed box. The process of removing and installing the Chevrolet Niva box is carried out in a number of stages. Before starting work, the driver must prepare a repair kit. In particular, you will need wrenches, a hexagon, a screwdriver, pliers.
At the first stage, vehicles must be put on a viewing hole. Next, the wires from the car battery are disconnected. It is recommended to drain the oil to lighten the weight of the box. Then the cardan and intermediate shaft are to be dismantled. Be sure to disconnect the wires from the reverse lights. Next, you need to proceed to disassemble the selector in the passenger compartment.
To remove the gearbox selector cover on a Chevrolet Niva, you must arm yourself with a screwdriver. With its help, it is possible to easily pry off the cover. The handle is removed from the regular place along with the installed cover. After that, it is advisable to remove the base plate, the rear gearbox support, the clutch housing shield. You should use wrenches that fit the size.
The present clutch slave cylinder is connected by screws to the crankcase. It needs to be removed. The screws that secure the starter are unscrewed, the SPU, the receiving tube are removed.
Removing the gearbox is difficult to do on your own. That is why this work is recommended to be carried out with an assistant. Depending on experience, it can take 1-3 hours to remove a Chevrolet checkpoint with your own hands.
Assemble the disassembled gearbox in reverse order.
