Rail transportation does not lose its relevance. Every year, tons of cargo are sent by this mode of transport and thousands of passengers use it. New elements appear in the transport sector, technologies and specialists themselves are being improved. The profession of a wagon inspector has not changed its essence over the years of its existence and still remains important and necessary.
What does a wagon inspector do?
Each train arriving at the station is met by a wagon inspector. Since many train malfunctions can be detected while it is moving, the specialist begins his work when the train has not yet completely stopped. The master inspects each passing car in just seconds and immediately makes an opinion about the serviceability of the train, so excellent vision, hearing and attentiveness are important for a specialist.
In addition to personal qualities, the wagon inspector needs a lantern at night and a walkie-talkie, by which he can and is obliged to immediately convey to the duty officer (or other person) about any malfunction or alleged defect in the composition. By the time the train stops completely, the “suspicious” car should already have specialists who will study its “problems” in more detail and decide whether it is subject to quick repair and whether it needs to be uncoupled.
Each of us, when traveling by train, heard the railroad workers knocking on the wheels at stops. So by sound, the specialist determines whether there is a malfunction in the axle box assembly. In addition, he has at his disposal a lot of other tools (templates, sets of keys, screwdrivers).
After inspection, the train driver receives a certificate of a certain form. Without it, the train will not move on.
Responsibilities of a Wagon Inspector:
Inspection of wagons and containers for malfunctions;
Identification of defects in the chassis and other components of the car;
Drawing up acts on wagons in need of repair;
Checking containers for tightness;
Markings on faulty wagons before their uncoupling;
Delivery of wagons for repair;
Troubleshooting and other duties.
In order to perform their duties, the inspector must know:
instructions for the operation of wagons and trains;
arrangement of rolling stock (cars and their mechanisms);
instructions for the safety of wagons;
rules for drawing up documents on wagon malfunctions;
rules for the use of tools and methods for checking composition mechanisms.
Where to learn to be a wagon inspector
The profession of a wagon inspector is obtained in secondary specialized educational institutions, in courses at wagon depots and specialized colleges.
Qualification levels of the profession inspector of wagons according to ETKS
In the specialty of an inspector of rolling stock wagons, there are three qualification categories - from 3 to 5.
3rd category is assigned to a specialist who carries out technical inspection and control over the elimination of identified malfunctions of universal and large-capacity containers at container yards, at maintenance points located on public and non-public tracks of freight and intermediate railway stations of classes V - III.
During the technical inspection and control over the elimination of identified malfunctions of cars at points for preparing cars for transportation, maintenance points for freight cars and passenger cars of transit trains located at freight, marshalling and local railway stations of II - I classes, an out-of-class specialist is assigned 4th grade.
Master 5th category inspects and controls the elimination of identified damages and shortcomings in the operation of freight and passenger cars, prepares cars for transportation, conducts inspections of pneumatic and mechanical unloading systems in order to identify malfunctions that threaten traffic safety at points for preparing cars for transportation, at maintenance points located on precinct, marshalling, interstate railway stations, border control posts.
By the way, a senior wagon inspector is charged one category higher than highly qualified wagon inspectors working under his supervision.
Average salary of a wagon inspector in Russia
The wagon inspector cannot boast of huge earnings. On various Russian job search sites, amounts are indicated in the range of 17 - 30 thousand rubles, however, there are offers with earnings of 45 thousand rubles.
Employers promise employment according to the labor code of the Russian Federation, a full social package, as well as the provision of branded clothing. Some employers also offer bonuses in the form of an annual spa holiday.
Work is expected to be in shifts.
Pros and cons of the profession of a wagon inspector
No matter how important the profession of a wagon inspector is, it has tangible minuses. But let's look first positive sides:
Work in a stable company;
Official employment with a full social package;
Medical examination at the expense of the employer;
Providing uniforms.
Negative sides:
Low wages;
High responsibility;
Production risks;
Work outdoors in any weather.
Instructions for the maintenance of wagons in operation
(Instruction to the wagon inspector)
APPROVED by the Council for Railway Transport of the Member States of the Commonwealth Minutes of May 21-22, 2009 № 50
Put into effect by order of Russian Railways № 1794r dated 31.08.2009
Attention! Order of JSC "Russian Railways" № 2623r dated 12/18/2009 approved and entered into force on December 20, 2009 Comments on the Instructions for the maintenance of wagons in operation (instruction for the inspector of wagons) The instruction is given in ed. Protocol 52nd Meetings of the Railway Transport Council
1. Basic provisions
1.1. Application area
1.3. Terms, definitions, designations and abbreviations
1.4. Wagon maintenance procedure
1.5. Requirements for a wagon inspector
2. Maintenance of wagons
2.1. Maintenance of wagons in transit trains
2.2. Maintenance of wagons at marshalling yards
2.3. Maintenance of wagons at points with a change of locomotive and before long descents
2.4. Monitoring the technical condition of wagons during their transfer from the access roads of enterprises and organizations
2.5. Maintenance of freight wagons during their preparation for transportation
2.6. Maintenance of passenger cars at points of formation and turnover
2.7. Maintenance of passenger cars en route
3. Technical requirements for units and parts of cars in operation
3.1. General provisions
3.2. Wheel sets
3.3. axle box
3.4. trolleys
3.5. Spring suspension
3.6. coupler
3.7. Brakes.
Maintenance of the brake equipment of wagons with disc brakes.
The procedure for including wagons with disc brakes in trains
3.8. wagon frame
3.9. Body and equipment
3.10. Generator drive
Annex A. Measuring instruments, tools and accessories for general use at PHE
Appendix B. Tools and accessories for VET technicians
Annex B. Tools and accessories of wagon inspectors
Annex D. Deadlines for depot and major repairs of freight and passenger cars plying in interstate traffic
Annex D. Form of the Act of control of the rims of the brake discs of wagons
Annex E. Locations of stamps of the owner states on the car parts, design of fields on the outer edge of the wheel rim and codes of ownership of the states
Annex G. The form of the book of full-scale inspection of wagons at technical transfer points (VU-15)
Appendix H. Form of an act for registration of damage to VU-25 cars and an act of the INU-53 form
Appendix I.
Appendix K. Features of filling out a certificate form VU-45
1 Fundamentals
1.1 Scope
This Instruction for the maintenance of wagons in operation (hereinafter referred to as the Instruction) establishes the procedure for the maintenance of wagons, technical requirements for units and parts of wagons in order to ensure the safety of train traffic, the transportation of passengers and the safety of transported goods.
1.2 Normative references
1 Rules for the technical operation of railways;
2 Instructions for signaling on railways;
3 Instructions for the movement of trains and shunting work on railways;
4 "Rules for the operation of brakes of the rolling stock of railways". Minutes of the meeting of the Council for Railway Transport of the Commonwealth Member States dated May 29-30, 2008 No. 48;
5 Instructions for organizing the workplace of a wagon inspector accepting a passenger and freight train "on the move";
6 Typical technological process of operation of the point of technical transfer of wagons as part of the station's technical maintenance and control over the safety of the wagon fleet;
7 Instructions for the repair and maintenance of the automatic coupler of the rolling stock of railways;
8 Guidelines for the operation and repair of carriage axle boxes with roller bearings;
9 Instructions for the repair of brake equipment of wagons;
10 Instructions for the inspection, survey, repair and formation of wagon wheelsets;
11 Rules for the technical operation of consumer electrical installations;
12 Safety regulations for the operation of consumer electrical installations;
13 "Instructions for the maintenance of all-metal passenger cars";
14 Typical technological process of technical maintenance of freight cars;
15 Guidance document repair of freight car bogies;
16 Instructions for the comprehensive modernization of freight car bogies using wear-resistant elements and wheels with a repair profile ITM-73;
17 Instructions for the operation and depot repair of freight car bogies with wear-resistant elements and wheels with a repair profile ITM-73 or a standard profile.
18 Typical technological process of preparing and equipping passenger cars for a flight;
19 Instructions for the maintenance and operation of structures, devices, rolling stock and the organization of traffic in the areas of circulation of high-speed passenger trains;
20 Instructions for the placement, installation and operation of means of automatic control of the technical condition of the rolling stock on the move of the train;
21 Conveyor Maintenance Manual;
22 Guidelines for the maintenance and current repair of passenger cars on cradleless bogies;
23 Passenger cars. Maintenance and current repair manual;
24 Manual for the maintenance of electrical equipment of passenger cars;
25 Instructions for the technical maintenance of equipment for passenger cars;
26 Guide to the current uncoupling repair
27 Guiding document "Procedure for safe work with wagons loaded with dangerous goods during maintenance and uncoupling repair, and during current uncoupling repair";
28 "Regulations on the system of maintenance and repair of freight cars admitted to circulation on public railway tracks in interstate traffic". Minutes of the meeting of the Council for Railway Transport of the Commonwealth Member States dated November 22-23, 2007 No. 47;
29 "Rules for operation, number-by-number accounting and settlements for the use of freight cars owned by other states". Meeting dated May 24, 1996 of authorized representatives of railway administrations, in accordance with the decision of the minutes of the meeting of the Council on Railway Transport of the Commonwealth Member States dated April 5, 1996 No. 15;
There are many jobs in the railway industry. Some of them are well-known to everyone, such as a driver, conductor or But there are also little-known, but no less significant specialties. Among them stands out the wagon inspector, who is an important link in the safety chain on the railway.
The essence of the profession
The immediate duties of the employee include the technical inspection of the wagons before sending the train on the road. Many have seen people walking along the tracks and tapping the train. Using a special tool, the inspector analyzes the sound emitted by the parts. Thus, you can find a malfunction and fix it in a timely manner.
Among the main duties that a wagon inspector performs are:
- finding and troubleshooting in cars;
- repair of running and brake systems.
Given the importance of the serviceability of the entire composition, we can conclude that the profession is necessary, and the work is responsible.
Due diligence duties
Each profession involves a job description, which spells out the duties that must be performed. The instruction of the inspector-repairer of wagons has the following list:
- The content of the tool with which problems are detected, its verification and preparation for operation.
- Inspection of the composition for malfunctions and readiness for a further journey.
- Carrying out repairs of the running gear of the car, its brake system, cardan drive, refrigeration unit, electrical equipment and heating without uncoupling the car.
- Ensuring the safety of rolling stock during repairs.
- Maintain technical documentation, troubleshooting and troubleshooting reports.
- Report on the technical serviceability and readiness of the rolling stock.
The essence of the work that the wagon inspector is engaged in is to identify and eliminate possible failures that affect the safe movement of the train.
Requirements for potential applicants
It may seem to a simple layman that a wagon is a simple device consisting of wheels and a body. However, this is not the case. In reality, the rolling stock is a multi-stage technical mechanism that needs to be maintained in technical condition.
Therefore, there are a number of requirements for those wishing to learn the skill and get a job. You must be careful to notice the malfunction in time. In addition, you need to be careful and responsible.
The wagon repair inspector spends a lot of time outside and deals with metal parts. Therefore, the candidate must be physically strong and have excellent health.
The profession involves identifying the breakdown of parts by their sound. Consequently, there are increased requirements for the hearing and vision of applicants. When undergoing mandatory medical examinations, the conclusion of the doctor - ENT and ophthalmologist is of decisive importance.
How to become a wagon inspector
Employment is possible after passing special training. A wagon inspector may have a secondary or primary vocational education.
During the training, students study the devices, both cargo and intended for the transport of passengers.
The training program includes the study of various methods and rules for the repair of wagons, the timing of troubleshooting and In addition, it is important for the inspector to know how to protect the rolling stock during the repair work and maintain safety.
Elimination of errors in the operation of the equipment is carried out in an uncoupled way. Therefore, the training program includes the study of types of cargo and the rules for interacting with it during preventive maintenance and troubleshooting.
Where to get a profession
Teaching professions in secondary schools. For example, the Moscow College of Railway Transport or the College of Railway Transport, also located in Moscow.
In addition, if the applicant already has any technical profession, he can take additional courses that are agreed with Rostekhnadzor.
The courses contribute to the rapid mastery of the specialty and are in great demand due to the increased demand and frequent offers of vacancies.
The program is developed entirely based on non-technical documentation that regulates the work of the inspector, where the following are important:
- instructions on safety standards during work;
- safety rules and norms adopted for the carriage of goods;
- instructions describing the norms and labor protection;
- rules governing work at power plants.
After passing the exams, it is possible to start working, gradually increasing the level.
The attractiveness of the profession
A wagon inspector is a rather interesting profession, which has its obvious advantages and some disadvantages. Some are attracted to a convenient schedule. Workers work day and night and then have two days off. Therefore, if desired, there is the possibility of a side job.
For many, decent and privileges that work for Russian Railways gives are important. Depending on the category and the region, the cash bonus ranges from 20,000 to 35,000, which is a good incentive in conditions of economic instability. It is worth adding here all sorts of bonuses and payments without delay.
The work, of course, does not involve the use of a white shirt and requires physical effort. But according to the old-timers, it is not at all complicated, if you thoroughly understand the intricacies and technical features of the cars. It is important to know the safety standards of work in the prevention of malfunctions and their detection.
The wagon inspector can always be recognized by a characteristic tool in his hands, called a hammer, a walkie-talkie and a bag where the templates are located. Moreover, he is necessarily dressed in a bright orange uniform for identification on the road.
Many are attracted by the romance associated with the railway, and a friendly team of like-minded people makes the work of a wagon inspector attractive for physically healthy people who want to devote their working days to ensuring railway safety.
The inspector-repairer of wagons is obliged:
- before starting work, familiarize yourself with the orders and instructions received in the scope of your duties, check the availability and serviceability of tools, measuring instruments, the provided set of signal accessories, the necessary car parts and materials on racks and repair facilities, as well as the serviceability of overalls and footwear;
- carry out technical inspection of wagons delivered for loading, as well as in arriving, formed and sent trains; in the process of inspection, he must identify faults in the cars and eliminate them; at the end of the maintenance, notify the operator or the shift supervisor of the technical maintenance department about the readiness of the cars for loading or moving on the train;
- upon completion of the repair of wagons, erase from the wagons previously applied chalk inscriptions on technical malfunctions of the wagons;
- comply with the requirements of safety regulations and instructions;
- exercise control over the safety of wagons during work with them at the station, sidings and when returning them from the sidings, prevent damaged wagons from leaving the station; for damaged wagons, draw up an act on damage to wagons of form VU-25 based on a notification form VU-23M and accompanying sheets of Form VU-26M, if damaged wagons are sent for repair.
- Rules for the technical operation of the railways of the Russian Federation.
- Instructions for signaling on the railways of the Russian Federation.
- Instructions for the movement of trains and shunting work on the railways of the Russian Federation.
- Instructions for the inspector of wagons PV-TsL-408.
- Instructions for the repair and maintenance of the auto-sleep device of the rolling stock of the railways of the Russian Federation No. 494.
- Instructions for the repair of the brake equipment of cars Nv 495.
- Instructions for the operation of the brakes of the rolling stock of railways No. 2.
- Instructions for the inspection, survey, repair and formation of wagon wheel beds 3429.
- Guidelines for the operation and repair of carriage axle boxes with 3ЦBPK roller bearings.
- Standard instructions for labor protection of a wagon inspector and a rolling stock locksmith.
- Regulations on the discipline of employees of railway transport of the Russian Federation.
- Relevant sections on the status of the technological processes of the station, the point of technical transfer of wagons, as well as the technical and administrative act of the station.
- Orders and instructions relating to the maintenance of wagons and the operation of security posts.
- Device, purpose, technology of repair of individual car parts and assemblies of cars of various modifications.
- The device and operation of the machines, mechanisms and measuring instruments used in the maintenance of wagons.
- Specifications for freight and passenger cars.
Organization of shift work
The work of shifts at the PTO is organized on the basis of drawing up a plan for the processing of wagons and trains, timely preparation of tools, fixtures, mechanisms and spare parts, the correct placement of people in teams and groups, the inspection and repair of wagons using advanced methods of work, and careful monitoring of the quality of work .The work of the shift is organized, as a rule, according to a 12-hour schedule with rest after a day shift for one day, after a night shift - two days.
Inspectors-repairers of wagons check in the park at their sites the availability of spare parts and materials on the racks, the condition and placement of mechanisms and devices; the results of the inspection are reported to the senior inspector-repairer of wagons, who takes measures to eliminate the deficiencies.
Having familiarized himself with the state of affairs at the station and having found out the sequence of departure of trains, the senior inspector-repairer of wagons outlines the sequence of processing trains and groups of wagons. During the work shift, the senior inspector-repairer of wagons constantly maintains contact with the station workers and promptly corrects the previously planned plan.
The need for materials and spare parts is determined on the basis of consumption rates, actual needs. The list and volume of an unreduced stock of materials and spare parts for each PPV and PTO are established in the technological process of these points (Order 28 C).
By the end of the shift, jobs in the parks should be prepared for delivery. The unusable flying cars removed during the repair are removed to certain places. tools and appliances for common use are removed. Personal tools are handed over to the distribution pantry.
The senior inspector-repairer of wagons or the technical maintenance foreman sums up the work of the shift, pointing out the shortcomings in the processing of trains. At such short (10-15 min) meetings, workers make proposals for eliminating deficiencies, speeding up the processing of trains and improving the quality of work.
The issue was approved by the Decree of the USSR State Committee for Labor, the Secretariat of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions of December 6, 1983 N 283 / 24-82
(As amended by the Decrees of the USSR State Committee for Labor, the Secretariat of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions dated 03.10.1988 N 534/23-245, dated 12/26/1988 N 651/29-100, the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation dated 11/11/1996 N 6, dated 12/19/1996 N 18, dated 25.12. 1996 N 25, dated 05/28/1997 N 26, dated 06/08/1998 N 22, dated 06/29/1998 N 26, Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated 11/11/2008 N 641)
Wagon Inspector
§ 49. Inspector of wagons
(as amended by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of 05/28/1997 N 26)
Job Description. Technical inspection of containers and wagons with a crawl to identify malfunctions that threaten the safety of train traffic, the safety of rolling stock and transported goods. Determination of defects in running gears, bodywork, units and parts of wagons using measuring instruments and by appearance. Implementation of measures to ensure the safety of freight cars and containers, to prevent damage to them during shunting and loading and unloading operations. Registration of the act on the damaged rolling stock. Technical inspection of containers and determination of their tightness, ensuring the safety of goods. Application of chalk marks on wagon malfunctions to be eliminated, without uncoupling and with uncoupling of wagons from trains, and issuing notices of wagon malfunctions. Determination of the volume of repair work of wagons and containers. Quality control of railcar repair performed by railcar building and railcar repair enterprises. Inspection and commissioning of wagons after their repair. Train guard during repair. Attaching and removing signals to indicate the tail of the train. Participation in the work on troubleshooting wagons and containers.
Must know: wagon inspector's instructions; arrangement of wagons and containers and rules for their technical operation; rules for the technical maintenance of wagons and containers and the timing of the planned types of their repair; rules and technology for the uncoupled repair of wagons; rules, instructions and guidelines on the safety of the rolling stock; rules for drawing up technical documentation; train signals and the procedure for fencing the train during repairs; templates used during the inspection of wagons, measuring tools and rules for using them; order of designation of the tail of the train.
During the technical inspection and troubleshooting of universal and large-capacity containers at container sites, at maintenance points located at intermediate stations of the main railway transport and sidings of industrial enterprises - 3rd category;
during technical inspection and troubleshooting in cars at maintenance points located at district stations and large marshalling stations for mass loading and unloading of goods, maintenance points for passenger trains of mainline railway transport - 4th category;
during inspection, preparation for transportation and revision of pneumatic and mechanical systems for unloading and securing cargoes of hopper cars (hopper-dispensers, grain-carriers, pellet carriers, etc.), as well as during technical inspection and troubleshooting in cars at interstate and inter-road transfer points - 5 rank.
Note. The senior wagon inspector is charged one rank higher than the wagon inspectors he supervises.
