The history of the origin of the plant goes back to 1933, when a decision was made to build the Wood Chemical Experimental Wood Refinement Plant "LOZOD". In 1935, the plant produced: insulating boards, lignostone bars, pressed wood and products from it. Since 1945, the plant became known as the Likinsky Machine-Building Plant (LiMZ) and produced: electric saws, sleeper machines, motor trucks, winches, mobile power plants. In 1946, more than 1,100 people worked at the plant.
LiAZ-158
Since 1959, the plant began assembling ZIL 158 passenger buses and became the Likinsky Bus Plant (LiAZ). The annual output in 1959 was 213 buses, in 1963 - 5419 units, in 1969 - 7045 units. At the same time, the development and testing of a new, improved large city bus was carried out.
LiAZ-677
They became LiAZ-677. An experimental batch, which was made in 1967. Over 25 years, more than 200,000 LiAZ-677 buses and its modifications have been manufactured: urban, northern, excursion, suburban, gas-cylinder, mobile television station. In the fall of 1972, the LiAZ-677 bus received a Gold Medal and a First Class Diploma at the international fair in Leipzig. In 1975, production was brought to a design capacity of 10,000 buses per year. In 1976, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the plant was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor.
LiAZ-677M
In 1978, the LiAZ-677 was modified and received the designation LiAZ-677M. The changes affected mainly the exterior trim and interior equipment. In particular, the tailgate lighting fixtures began to be assembled into a combination and acquired a rectangular shape, bumpers and ventilation hatches appeared on the roof. Later - at the end of the 1980s - LiAZ-677M will receive upper marker lights and rectangular side direction indicators.
LiAZ-5256
1982 the beginning of the development of a project for the technical re-equipment of the LiAZ plant for the production of LiAZ-5256 buses. In 1985, the beginning of technical re-equipment; at the same time, the production of buses in small batches was started in the workshop of small batches. Serial production of large city buses LiAZ-5256 started in 1990.
"LiAZ-5256 is a bus with a difficult fate. The car, created at the Lviv Experimental Institute, at first could not get out of the category of small-scale ones. Then the KamAZ engine plant burned down, and the bus was left without a" heart. "Then LiAZ began to put engines of various brands and sell cars to cities without providing service.The already undermined reputation of the bus finally collapsed after a terrible accident in the Krasnoyarsk Territory.The investigation showed that the disaster occurred due to design errors ... In a word, the new leadership of LiAZ, which came in 1998, got not only a completely collapsed factory, but also a car from which customers fled like hell from incense ... Much has changed since then. "The current buses differ even from those that were produced two years ago, like heaven and earth," they say on LiAZ" (http://www.autoreview.ru).
After restyling, the LiAZ-5256 bus has undergone very noticeable external and internal changes. Outwardly, this is a completely European bus. Internal content is fully consistent with international standards. The aggregate base of the bus is from world leaders in the production of components. The salon now also looks much more modern. Special anti-vandal seats, high-quality plastic in the design of interior elements, new lighting and a number of other improvements - such a bus will really decorate the streets of our cities.
LiAZ-5256 (suburban) 
A large class bus (11400x2500x3007 mm) is designed for operation on the routes of the "near" and "far" suburbs, equipped with soft adjustable/non-adjustable or standard city seats.
LiAZ-5256 "School" 
Especially under the order of the Moscow government, Likinsky Bus JSC made a modification of the bus for transporting children. Thanks to the quick start of the conveyor assembly, this model is available for all regions of our country.
LiAZ-5256 "Invalid" 
Modification of the LiAZ-5256 bus for transporting people with impaired musculoskeletal system. This car is the first large-class bus that offers a solution to the problem of bus and passenger transportation for the disabled in our country.
LiAZ-5292 
The new low-floor bus (12000x2500x2800 mm) is designed for large cities with heavy passenger traffic. The appearance of the bus corresponds to the trends of modern car design. Low floor level (floor height above the road level is 340 mm), wide passenger doors (3/1282 m) provide convenient boarding and disembarking of passengers, which significantly reduces the time spent on the route.
LiAZ-6212 
An especially large class city bus (17640x2500x3007 mm) was created on the basis of LiAZ-5256. The bus is designed for urban transportation in large metropolitan areas with heavy passenger traffic.
LiAZ-6213 
The first domestic low-floor articulated vehicle. LiAZ-6213 is a fundamentally new bus for large Russian cities. The bus has an optimal combination of price / quality. The cost of LiAZ-6213 is 2.5 times lower than Western counterparts.
LiAZ-62xx
(pilot model) 
Development of the Likinsky Bus Plant - 3-axle city bus (15 meters). The bus can be used both on urban and suburban routes. The high quality of the aggregate base and the life of the body in 12 years provide a total life of 1 million km. According to the results of the MIMS-2004 exhibition, the LiAZ-62XX bus received a jury prize in the nomination "The Best City Bus".
Photos used
In the 30s of the twentieth century, a plant was built in the city of Likino-Dulyovo, which produced wood-laminated plastics from which aircraft were built, liners for bearings, liners for subway rails, and more were cut out. etc. At the end of the war, the plant was converted into a machine-building plant for the repair of diesel engines, the manufacture of mobile power plants, and motor vehicles. In 1958 the plant became a bus plant. The ZIL-158 model was produced, but already in 1962 the first LiAZ-677 appeared, which later became a legend in the automotive industry: about 200 thousand cars were assembled, this is the most massive model of a large class bus in the world.
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In the difficult 1990s, production stopped, people did not receive salaries, the press already reported that LiAZ was no more. The preservation of the main capacities and the revival of the plant is a feat of the labor collective. Now LiAZ is again the flagship of the industry, along with 17 other enterprises in Russia and abroad, it is part of the GAZ Group, which is the country's largest manufacturer of commercial vehicles and has adopted a development strategy for the period up to 2012, the purpose of which is to provide consumers of complex solutions to transport problems. LiAZ employs 3,200 people, about 3,000 buses roll off the assembly line a year, and it is planned to increase production to 4,300 in the next four years. New models created at the plant, starting in 2002, have invariably been awarded the highest awards at the Moscow International Automobile Exhibition.
LiAZ offers consumers all kinds of buses of large and extra large class: urban and suburban, tourist, single and articulated, gas, school, northern, disabled. The low-floor models 5292 and 6213 are in the highest demand. All bodies are chemically treated in eight huge baths, which allows us to give a guarantee against corrosion for 12 years. Only three other companies in Europe have this technology for buses. At the request of customers, domestic or imported engines of the Kama and Yaroslavl automobile plants, or imported Caterpillar, Cummins, MAN, various gearboxes are installed, and in general the buyer has the right to choose any options, from basic components to bus painting. Even requests for cars are being fulfilled, which the factory has never made before - for example, a school bus in the northern version was designed and a batch was produced in less than two months! At the end of 2007, the production of trolleybuses was mastered. In 2008, a sample of a bus with a hybrid power unit (two engines - diesel and electric) was manufactured.
In millions, the funds allocated for social support of personnel and for the further improvement of sanitary and living conditions are calculated. Employees are awarded based on the results of a labor competition, there are payments for anniversaries, for holidays, the company partially bears the cost of transporting employees from their place of residence to the plant and back. Liazovites have organized summer vacations on the Black Sea coast, as well as their children in health camps. This is how the fundamental principle of the production system of the Likinsky Bus Plant is fulfilled: "People are the most valuable asset of the enterprise."
Since the mid-2000s, LiAZ, which is part of the GAZ Group, has been gradually modernized. Now Likin produces fifteen basic models and about sixty of their modifications. The latest development is urban low-floor buses that fully comply with European requirements. In addition to the traditional 12-meter LiAZ-5292, vehicles with a length of 9.5 m (LiAZ-4292) to 18.75 m (articulated LiAZ-6213) are produced.
Urban aesthetics
A beautiful city bus is actually the same "small architectural forms" that adorn our streets. There were times when LiAZs were not particularly pleasing to the eye. And it's not about design frills - the paint peeled off, holes appeared in the body panels, on the steps and even in the floor. Now everything is different. The welded body of each bus undergoes cataphoretic priming in eight full-immersion baths. Body sides - from steel sheets with double-sided galvanization; they are stretched with preheating and then welded on. It turns out very smoothly, without dents and bubbles, beautiful and durable. In addition, on modern LiAZs, the wheel arches are made of stainless steel, so the plant guarantees the absence of through corrosion of the body for twelve years.
The modern look of Lika buses is given by pasted-in windows. This technology also increases the rigidity of the body. Air conditioning and independent heaters are responsible for the microclimate. Armchairs - anti-vandal, imported or domestic. It is difficult to damage the plastic panels of a beautiful interior, but it is easy to clean and wash. Thanks to the low floor, stepping into the cabin is easy even for older passengers. Bumps hides air suspension.
Our forces
Engines for buses manufactured in Likino-Dulyovo are produced by YaMZ. These motors are the fruit of the joint work of Yaroslavl and the Austrian company AVL. The six-cylinder YaMZ‑536 with a working volume of 6.65 liters develops a power of 240–312 hp, the four-cylinder YaMZ‑534 with a volume of 4.3 liters produces 190–210 hp.In November 2016, engines (from 150 to 312 hp) were put on the conveyor in Yaroslavl. The abbreviation CNG stands for compressed natural gas. Both motors are not prone to overheating and will find application on trucks and buses designed specifically for use in the city.
Fuel system - Bosch common rail, injection pressure is 1800 bar (with the possibility of increasing to 2000 bar). To meet the requirements of Euro-4 and Euro-5 eco-standards, the engines were equipped with a liquid-cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system. In terms of efficiency, engines of the YaMZ‑530 family are able to compete with foreign ones, while being 20–30% cheaper. The declared resource of diesel "fours" is at least 700 thousand kilometers, "sixes" - 900 thousand.
The new motors have significantly reduced the noise and vibration levels at the rear of the bus compared to the previous Cummins and Caterpillar motors.
LiAZDon't switch
Automatic transmissions on new LiAZs are imported - ZF EcoLife with electronic control or Allison Transmission T2100 or T270. Both are 6-speed, with torque converter lockup in each gear. The torque converter is also used as a retarder, and it is integrated into the working brake system, which allows you to save pads. Another automatic is the 4-speed Voith Diwa D 864. Imported boxes noticeably raise the price of the bus, but GAZ Group is already working on its own family of automatics with a torque converter.
Lika low-floor trucks are equipped with leading ZF portal axles with cunning final drives. Schematically, they are similar to the army bridges of UAZs and Benz Unimog off-road vehicles. Such bridges allow the floor to be lowered from a height of 405 mm from the ground to 205 mm - of course, when using the appropriate tires.
Will domestic portal bridges appear? There is a hope that their production will be mastered in Chuvashia, at the Kanash auto-aggregate plant, which is part of the GAZ Group.
LiAZ-429260-60 4×2 | LiAZ-529265 4×2 | LiAZ-621365 6×2 |
Length Width Height |
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9500/2500/2938 mm | 12400/2500/2880 mm | 18 750/2500/2880 mm |
Turning radius |
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Curb / gross weight |
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n.d./13 150 kg | 10 500/18 000 kg | 15 730/28 000 kg |
7100/9700/11 200 kg |
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Passenger capacity / number of seats |
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75 people / 18 + 1 | 108 people / 28 + 1 | 193 people / 33 + 1 |
Engine |
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YaMZ-534030 (Euro-5), 4.43 l; 210 HP at 2300 rpm; | YaMZ-53633 (Euro-5), 6.65 l; 276 HP at 2300 rpm; 1250 Nm at 1300–1600 rpm | YaMZ-53613 (Euro-5), 6.65 l; 310 HP at 2300 rpm; 1221 Nm at 1300–1600 rpm |
Fuel supply |
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Transmission |
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drive axle - ZF AV110, portal, with central bevel gear; gearbox - ZF 6AP-1000B, A6 with GMP | drive axle - ZF AV133, portal, with a central bevel gear, with two-line final drives; gearbox - ZF 6AP-1400B, A6 with GMP |
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Chassis |
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front suspension - independent, pneumatic, with two air springs, rear suspension - dependent, with four air springs; brakes - pneumatic, dual-circuit, disc, with ABS and with ASR; tires - 265/70 R19.5 | front suspension - dependent, pneumatic, with two air springs, rear suspension - dependent, with four air springs; brakes - pneumatic, dual-circuit, disc, with ABS and with ASR; tires - 275/70 R22.5 |
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In the Moscow region, there are many enterprises that produce products of various kinds. Not the least important place in the list of manufacturing complexes of the region is occupied by enterprises producing vehicles, one of the largest and most famous among which is the Likinsky Bus Plant (LiAZ), located in the city of Likino-Dulyovo.
The history of the creation of the Likinsky Bus Plant dates back to 1937 - at that time, a forestry complex for wood refining began its activities in the village. Eight years later, the car company was renamed and began to specialize in the construction of machines and systems for the woodworking industry. In 1958, the current LiAZ, whose website can be found on the Internet, was reconstructed for the production of passenger buses; It was then that the company got its present name.
Throughout its existence, the Likinsky bus plant "LiAZ" has been continuously developing, increasing its capacity and expanding its product range. The company has repeatedly received high awards in major competitions.
The products of the Likino Bus Plant, whose official website provides complete information about it, meet the highest environmental requirements, as well as established safety and comfort standards. In recent years, the GAZ Group, which includes the enterprise, carried out its total modernization, introduced new equipment.
LiAZ: products
Likinsky Bus Plant exports vehicles to various cities of Russia, and is also a supplier of new generation equipment for the capital and St. Petersburg.
The LiAZ plant produces about twenty models of buses, which are very popular in the passenger transportation market. It is the only Russian enterprise producing a full line of passenger buses 12 and 8 meters long, which run on all types of fuel.
The bus plant "LiAZ" in different years of its existence also produced several experimental models of articulated buses and trolleybuses; in 2012, an electric bus rolled off the assembly line. At different times, the plant also produced mobile video salons, mobile computer centers and various modifications of trolleybuses.
Likinsky Bus Plant is a leading manufacturer of passenger buses in the domestic market. The plant is located in the city of Likino-Dulyovo Orekhovo - Zuevsky district of the Moscow region on an area of 630,000 sq.m., 172,000 of which is production. At present, the enterprise is a high-tech complex based on advanced technologies and automation systems. The plant uses both domestic and imported equipment. An example is such firms as the Italian "Jaco", the Japanese "Nakata", the Austrian "Kaltenbach", the German "Halbron", "Trumabent", "Trumatik", etc. The products manufactured at the enterprise meet all the requirements of European standards.
The plant originates from the distant 30s of the twentieth century. Thus, in 1933, the construction of a pilot wood chemical plant for wood refining began, abbreviated as LOZOD. Its main product range was the production of pressed wood, products based on it, lignostone, insulating boards. By 1945, from the Lesochemical Plant, it was converted into a machine-building plant, and received the name Likinsky Machine-Building Plant under the abbreviation "LiMZ". At that distant time, the main products were: motor locomotives, electric saws, winches, sleeper machines, mobile power plants. In 1959, on the basis of the plant, the assembly of passenger buses of the ZIL 158 type began, and the name was also changed to the now famous LiAZ. The initial annual production was only 213 buses, but by 1969 it had increased to 7045 units. Much attention was paid to new developments and tests, which led to the creation in 1967 of a new model of the city bus LiAZ - 677. For more than 25 years, the production of this model and its modifications (urban, suburban, northern, excursion, mobile television station and gas-balloon), and over 200,000 pieces were produced. Due to its characteristics at the international fair in Leipzig, the LiAZ-677 model bus was awarded the First Degree Diploma and the Gold Medal. The plant was awarded such an award as the Order of the Red Banner of Labor. At the end of the 80s, a new generation bus model called LiAZ-5256 was created. But the difficult economic situation of the 90s did not bypass this advanced enterprise. Decline in production from 1991 to 1996 led to a halt in production, delays in wages for workers and the bankruptcy of the enterprise. But already in 1997 management and leadership changed, N.P. Adamov. And thanks to the preserved territory and property of the plant, as well as the support of regional authorities, the management managed to restore production.
At present, the main direction of the company's policy is the automation of production and the renewal of the equipment fleet. According to management, this should bear fruit. So, for example, the use of modern automated production systems should be of interest to young promising personnel, as well as to automate the process of design and technological preparation in production. Upgrading and adjusting the network infrastructure, telephony, and developing a personal website for the enterprise will help change the marketing structure. According to management, the restoration of the plant should take place in three stages - the launch of production, the achievement of profitability and "promotion". The first two stages have already been completed. And for the third, there is fertile ground. These are also more attractive prices compared to imported counterparts. A bus made of domestic components, which is suitable for many cities, can be purchased for only 1 million rubles. And excellent quality and service life. And the need to update the bus fleet in the regions, which is about 40,000 buses, indicates that there is a demand for these products.
In 2000, the plant began developing new models of city buses. These are the articulated LiAZ 6212 and the suburban LiAZ - 5256 R. The full range of models produced is presented below.
Buses for intercity and suburban routes:
- GolAZ-LiAZ-5256. Designed for intercity transportation. The bus has soft adjustable seats in various directions and luggage compartments with a volume of 4.5 cubic meters. The total number of seats is 66. The maximum speed is 90 km/h.
- LiAZ-5256-01. A bus designed for suburban transportation. It has 88 seats, 44 of which are seated. Maximum speed 75 - 80 km/h.
For urban transportation, models are produced:
- LiAZ-5256. This is a city bus. It has 110 seats, 23 of which are boarding, and an affordable price.
- LiAZ-5292. The model is equipped with special fasteners for wheelchairs and has a ramp for exit/entry.
- LiAZ-5293. The model has 100 seats, 25 of them are boarding.
- LiAZ-6212. The number of seats on this bus is 178, incl. seated 33.
- LiAZ-6213. The model is indispensable on routes with increased passenger traffic, the number of seats is 153, of which 33 are seated.
Alternative fuel bus models:
- LiAZ-5256.7. Is the leader in sales in its class. Designed for suburban and urban routes. Works on gas fuel. The main advantage of this model is the possibility of boarding / disembarking passengers of any category.
- LiAZ-5292.7 - for urban transportation, has a gas-powered engine.
- LiAZ-5292. The city bus, representing a line of hybrid models, runs on alternative fuels (diesel-gas-electricity).
- LiAZ-6212.7. This model has a gas engine and is designed for urban transportation, the number of seats is 178, of which 33 seats.
Separately, it is worth mentioning a special modification for school institutions: LiAZ-525626-20 is equipped with 42 seats for children and a special step for the smallest passengers.
The enterprise also produces trolleybuses: models LiAZ-52802, LiAZ-5280, LiAZ-52803. The capacity of such trolleybuses is about 100 passengers.
At present, the Likinsky Bus Plant is a modern enterprise specializing in the production of large city buses. The use of advanced technologies ensures the production of equipment that meets European standards. To equip the enterprise, modern equipment of well-known companies is used: "Nakata" (Japan), "Jeico" (Italy), "Halbron", "Trumbent" and "Trumatic" (Germany), as well as Swiss, Austrian equipment.
Preparations are underway to launch the production of low-floor city buses.
