How to identify the wrong one. Diagnosing a computer for problems

Driving a car on domestic roads entails a number of surprises, which eventually result in various running gear malfunctions car parts and suspension. The undercarriage of the car consists of components and parts that provide good handling, safety and comfort while driving. In the event of a malfunction of at least one component, a violation occurs in the operation of the chassis, which leads to various knocks and problems with the controllability of the car. Therefore, when the first signs of suspension malfunctions are detected, it should be carried out immediately.

I would like to note that malfunctions of the chassis can appear both suddenly, for example, after a car gets into a pit, or for some time. A characteristic knock may indicate the imminent release of a unit or part, which may intensify over time, and there may also be problems with driving a car.

How to determine the malfunction of the chassis and suspension of the car

If the vehicle pulls to the right or left while driving

The wheel alignment is broken or the tires are different. Also, this behavior of the car often causes unequal. If, after checking and eliminating the above reasons, the car still goes to the side, in this case the situation is complicated by the fact that one of the suspension parts and even deformation of the car body can be a problem. In any case, a complete diagnosis of the chassis will be necessary to identify the problem.

Possible problems with the chassis or suspension of the car

• The front suspension arms are deformed;
• Damaged upper shock absorber support;
• The stiffness of the springs of the racks is different;
• The stabilizer bar has failed;
• Problems with the brake mechanism of the wheels. The wheel is not completely released;
• Wheel bearing damaged or severely clamped;
• The parallelism of the front and rear axles is broken;

If the vehicle sways when cornering or braking

• Defective or out of order suspension struts (shock absorbers) or vehicle springs;
• Worn stabilizer bar bushings;

Vibration in chassis while driving

• Uneven or low tire pressure;
• Worn or pinched wheel bearings;
• The steering joints are worn;
• Loose wheel nuts
• Missing or incorrect wheel balancing;
• Damaged or deformed wheel disk;

Knocks and noises of the suspension while driving

• Weakened mounting racks or bars of anti-roll bars;
• Does not work, which means the shock absorber is out of order;
• Worn ball joints and steering tips;
• Damaged or out of order elements;
• Worn silent blocks of levers;
• Damaged or broken strut spring;

If the suspension breaks

• Disk or tire deformation;
• Inadmissible clearance in the wheel bearing;
• Non-working shock absorber, broken strut spring or damaged spring;
• Violation of the geometry (deformation) of the suspension arms, the steering knuckle and the axis of the suspension arms;

If shock absorbers knock

• Deterioration of bushings of fastening of shock-absorbers;
• Shock absorber drip (a sign of its imminent failure);
• Worn shock absorber support;
• Weakening of the shock absorber to the vehicle suspension;
• Wheels wear unevenly;
• Not correct;
• broken;
• The brake system of the car is not working properly;
• Deformed suspension arm;
• The geometry of the car body is broken;

If there is a creak when cornering while braking

• Shock absorbers failed
• Broken stabilizer bar bushings;

And in the continuation of the material on the chassis and suspension of the car, watch the video

Malfunction

Malfunction- an event associated with the impossibility of execution, or improper performance of the functional purpose of the object.

The term "Fault" refers to the category of technical. This event as a definition is an integral part of technical diagnostics. The study of the failure determines the possibility of increasing the reliability of the functional object, as well as predicting the residual life. Based on the results of the analysis of the failure, it is possible to change the assignments of the elements included in the object. In other words, a malfunction can be both a consequence and a result.

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Synonyms:

Antonyms:

See what "Fault" is in other dictionaries:

Fault... Spelling Dictionary

malfunction- failure in operation A condition of a machine characterized by the inability to perform a given function, excluding cases of preventive maintenance, other planned actions, or a lack of external resources (for example, ... ... Technical Translator's Handbook

See failure... Dictionary of Russian synonyms and similar expressions. under. ed. N. Abramova, M.: Russian Dictionaries, 1999 damage, ... ... Synonym dictionary

MALFUNCTION, malfunctions, female. 1. only units distraction noun to the faulty one. Radio malfunction. 2. Error, oversight, damage. No faults found. Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov

DEFECTIVE, oh, oh; vein, vna. Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 ... Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov

Malfunction- - violations in the operation of heat supply and (or) water supply systems, in which at least one of the requirements determined by the technological process is not met. [STO NOSTROY 2.15.3 2011] Heading term: Water supply, water Headings ... ... Encyclopedia of terms, definitions and explanations of building materials

MALFUNCTION- the state of the technical device, in which it does not meet at least one of the technical requirements, both in terms of the main and secondary parameters; not all malfunctions can cause (see); sometimes damage or some kind of ... ... Great Polytechnic Encyclopedia

malfunction- 3.41 failure Note In this standard, malfunctions can occur for a variety of reasons, for example: failure of one or ... Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation

malfunction- ▲ disruption (of which) technical device malfunction failure to function. faulty. serviceability. serviceable. breaking. break down. malfunction. jam, sya (steering wheel jammed). leak (shut up #). leak (the roof is leaking). leakage.... ... Ideographic Dictionary of the Russian Language

malfunction- gedimas statusas T sritis automatika atitikmenys: engl. break down; failure; fault vok. Ausfall, m; Beschädigung, f; Fehler, m; Versagen, n rus. failure, m; fault, f; failure, m; damage, n pranc. defaillance, f; défaut, m;… … Automatikos terminų žodynas

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This part is a special connecting mechanism, it is located between the axle and the hub. A disk with a tire is attached to the latter. Such a part is made of two rings, and conical elements are inserted between them, insulated with a rubber part. This element is classified as rolling bearings. The wheel bearing resource is quite large and averages 150 thousand kilometers. The part can not be changed for 5 years.

How to understand that the wheel bearing is defective? In such a case, an unpleasant and very low-frequency rumble is added to the standard tire noise while driving. In addition to the constant hum while driving, a wheel bearing failure may be accompanied by the following “symptoms”:

1. The car pulls to the side - this is due to the fact that the faulty part seems to stop. As a result, the car pulls to the right or to the left, as if there was a camber failure.
2. With a worn bearing, vibration usually appears, while driving it gives off to the steering wheel and to the body. This is one of the clear signs of a bad wheel bearing. It is important to replace this element as soon as possible, as the clip is very worn out, and a “wedge” is about to occur.

Another of the signs of a rolling bearing failure is a kind of crunch when the car is moving. This happens due to the fact that the clip has almost completely collapsed and the spherical elements are located incorrectly. It is easy to recognize such a crunch, it is well audible in the cabin.

Why is a bad bearing dangerous?

If you ignore the hum that appears, which is characteristic of a wheel bearing failure, then it will intensify. As a result, it will be noticed not only by the driver, but also by all passengers. An unpleasant noise when a wheel bearing fails is not the main problem.

Much worse, if no action is taken, the element may jam. As a result, the axle shaft is completely deformed, and the ball joint of the lever instantly fails. It is especially dangerous when such a breakdown occurs when driving at high speed, for example, outside the city.

Why can a bearing fail?

Such elements have a long service life and break quite rarely. However, every motorist still faces a similar problem. The most common root cause of wheel bearing failure is driving on bad roads. The bad condition of the roads always entails serious consequences for the car. That is why the load on the entire suspension is significantly increased.

Another cause of failure is improperly pressed bearings.

If it does not stand correctly, for example, obliquely, then it will wear out pretty quickly. Enough of it no more than 2 - 3 thousand kilometers.

How to check for wheel bearing failure

The very first sign that the front wheel bearing is faulty will be a very low-frequency and very unpleasant rumble, which gradually only grows. And yet, how to check the front wheel bearing? For the most detailed definition, it is possible to adopt the following method, which uses left and right turns.

1. When turning to the left, the car begins to roll to the right. In the same case, the greatest load will go to the right wheel, the entire load is removed from the left.
2. When driving a car at a speed of 10 to 15 km per hour, due to a very sharp turn of the steering wheel to the left, the extraneous hum completely subsides. This means that there are problems with the wheel bearing of the left wheel. If the noise goes away when turning only to the right, then the right wheel bearing is broken.

To make the diagnosis most correct, you will need to raise the car with a jack or a lift (if any). After the engine of the car accelerates to 4 gears. The speed should reach 70 - 80 km per hour with the help of a car jack. It is required to start the engine, disperse the car, squeeze the clutch, and then disengage the gear. Next, you need to leave the cabin, and then accurately determine the source of the noise by ear. When the wheel is fully up, you need to take it in your hands along the upper and lower parts, starting to swing it in a vertical position.

The presence of even a small backlash - in this case, we can talk about the identified failure of the wheel bearing.

In exactly the same way, you can see the presence of play when the wheel is rocking also in a horizontal plane. There is another option how to check the wheel bearings:

1. First you need to put the car on a flat surface. For this purpose, the most even asphalt surface will ideally go.
2. First of all, a check is made for the backlash of the vertical axis. To do this, you need to take the wheel at the top point and try to swing it strongly.
3. If clicks are heard, then we can already talk about the presence of hub play.
4. To be completely sure that there is a bearing failure, you need to raise the wheel using a jack and begin to rotate it quickly by hand. If there is a crunch, it's time to go to the service station.

Instruction

Do not open the power supply to find faults in it. This is the lot of specialists. To determine the malfunction of this critical component, it is not necessary to disassemble the system unit. Be attentive to your computer.

Remember if there are frequent reboots and freezes of the computer for no apparent reason (during the computer performing simple tasks). Note for yourself the appearance of errors in the work of programs and the operating system as a whole. Errors in the functioning of RAM during testing and during further work in the system. Interruptions in the operation of the hard drive or the failure of the latter indicate a power failure at the output of the power supply.

Pay attention to the appearance of an unpleasant odor and excessive heating of the system unit. These are undoubted malfunctions of the power supply of your computer.

If the computer does not show signs of life, you will have to disassemble it. Disconnect the power cable from the system unit. Take a screwdriver. Unscrew the screws that hold the wall of the system unit to your right. Remove the cover to access the motherboard.

From the motherboard socket, remove the main plug of the power supply connector, which has 20 or 24 pins. Find the third and fourth pins, green and black wires lead to them. Close these two contacts using a regular paperclip. Connect the power cable. In a working power supply, the fan will start, and voltage will appear on its terminals.

Measure the voltage with a voltmeter. Between the contacts of the black and red wires, it will be 5 volts, black and yellow - 12 volts, black and orange - 3.3 volts (minus on black, and plus on colored ones). If the values ​​you received differ from the above, your power supply is defective.

Many users are concerned about whether their computer is "powerful". At the same time, the main difficulty is that the computer demonstrates different performance in different tasks, and, in general, there is no single numerical expression for “computer power”. There are a huge number of testing programs that determine the ability of a computer to perform certain tasks, with varying degrees of specialization.

You will need

• Computer, basic computer skills, test software packages 3DMark, PassMark or similar

Instruction

Microsoft came closest to creating a single rating scale. In the latest versions of their operating systems, there is such a feature as computer performance. To use this feature, activate the Computer tab in the Start menu. In the window that appears, select the "System Properties" menu item. Find the line "Rating", which displays a certain. This is the evaluation of the performance of the computer. By clicking on the hyperlink "Windows Experience Index" located nearby, you can find out what components the score consists of. The disadvantage of this estimate is its very low accuracy and low information content.

The remaining methods for determining the "power" of a computer are focused on certain types of applications. One of the most popular benchmark suites, 3DMark, mainly determines the computer's . To find out your computer's "gaming score", install 3DMark and run a standard test. You will receive a number in points, which will display the power of the computer in games. You can compare your result with others on the Internet.

The computing power of a computer is determined using other test programs, one of which is PassMark. After completing it, you will receive an estimate of the processor power, also in points. The developer's website contains huge statistics of the tests performed, and on it you can compare your result with the ratings of other users.

note

For a long time, a beard-covered instruction on how to determine the gender of your computer has been walking around the Internet for a long time. To determine if your computer is male or female, open Notepad and copy the following text without the outer quotes: "CreateObject("SAPI.SpVoice").Speak"I love you"".

Helpful advice

In order to find out what gender your computer is, you need to do a very simple operation: 1) Open notepad. 2) Copy this phrase into it - CreateObject("SAPI.SpVoice").Speak"I love you". In general, GetVoices - gives out a voice preinstalled in the system. With the help of the search, you can sort through the votes and choose the one you like if the existing computer gender does not suit you.

Sources:

• Pass Mark
• how to find out the gender of a computer

The power of the power supply is a very important characteristic of the computer, which is designed to ensure its uninterrupted and full functioning. The higher it is, the better. But there is a minimum value that must match the characteristics of the computer.

Instruction

The more powerful the "" computer, the more powerful you need. As a rule, the power manufacturer on the unit itself is on a special sticker. To find out the required power, there are various services. ASUS has a corresponding form on its website, after filling in which the program will give the desired value based on the maximum possible computer components.

In the CPU section, specify the parameters of the manufacturer of your processor. In the "Select Vendor" field, specify the manufacturer of the core, in the CPU Type, select the processor family, and in the "Select CPU" field, specify the model itself.

In the VGA Card section, the values ​​\u200b\u200bof the computer's video card are indicated, where Vendor is the manufacturer of ATI or Nvidia, and in "Select VGA" the video card model is indicated, which can be found in the control panel of the card driver (right key on "My Computer" - "Properties" - " Device Manager" - "Display Adapters").

In Memory Module, specify the type of RAM used (DDR, DDRII, DDRIII).

In the Storage Devices menu, specify the number of devices connected to the computer for writing and reading. In the USB section, specify the devices connected to the USB. In item 1394, check the presence of an additional video capture card, and in the PCI section, select the available devices (Modem, Network (LAN), Audio, and other PCI card - the number of network devices and sound cards connected to the PCI slot in the motherboard, and SCSI card - the number of cards to connect the SCSI bridge).

The program will automatically give the optimal value, which must not be lower than that indicated on the sticker of the power supply. Otherwise, the unit should be replaced with a more powerful one at a computer repair service.

Sources:

• ASUS Optimum Power Test Service

When buying computer equipment, it is very important to pay attention to such a characteristic as the power of the power supply. It is she who ensures the constant operation of technology. In this case, it is desirable to take into account the fact that the power should be sufficiently high.

You will need

• - Internet;
• - computer.

Instruction

To determine the required power, there are various services where you can find out the necessary information. For example, go to the ASUS website ( http://ru.asus.com/) and fill in the required form there. After that, it will determine the required power supply power value, guided by the maximum power consumption of the computer components.

To see the required power, you can also go to the service page. Enter the Motheboard field, select Desktop (when using a home system) or Server (when testing a server). In the CPU field, you need to specify all the parameters of the processor manufacturer of your computer. In this case, the manufacturer of the core is indicated in the "Select Vendor" item, the processor family - in the CPU Type, specify its model in the "Select CPU" field.

Next, in the VGA Card field, you must note the value for the computer's video card. In the "Select VGA" item, specify the model of the video card. To find out this information, right-click on "My Computer", then follow the following chain: "Properties" -\u003e "Device Manager" -\u003e "Display adapters". After that, in the Memory Module field, indicate the type of RAM used in your computer.

Front-wheel drive cars are very popular all over the world. Some motorists prefer it, considering them more convenient and reliable. Front-wheel drive vehicles use a suspension type. Both of them have a number of positive aspects, they are distinguished by reliability and endurance, besides they are not expensive to repair, what else is needed? However, like everything in this world, front-wheel drive is not without drawbacks, the owners of such cars have to change ball bearings, front wheel bearings, as well as CV joints (constant velocity joint), which, by the way, will be discussed today in my article .

CV joints or, as they are also called "grenades", they cause a lot of trouble for car owners, so it is not surprising that they are sometimes called the "weakest point" of the front-wheel drive. Despite the durable materials used in the production of "grenades", as well as various coatings, due to the friction and shock that fall on, CV joints quite often fail. A banal rupture of the CV joint boot can lead to the complete failure of this expensive part. In order to prevent a malfunction of the CV joint and not to "get" on expensive repairs, you should from time to time visually inspect the chassis, as well as monitor the integrity of the CV joint boot. Today I will talk about how to check CV joint, in case of suspicion of its malfunction, you will learn about the causes and symptoms of the "grenade" malfunction.

CV joints are internal (installed in and transmit torque from the transmission to an external CV joint), as well as external (connected to the wheel hub and transmit torque directly to the wheel, through the hub). The service life of both is different, despite the apparent similarity. The reason is that the outer "grenades" are in contact with the wheels, from which they very often receive serious blows. In addition, the CV joint rubber boot is very soft and prone to destruction as a result of “rubber aging”, exposure to petroleum products, temperature changes, etc. After the boot is damaged, moisture and sand get into the internal rubbing parts of the joints, which very quickly disable external.

Causes of CV joint failure:

1. Factory defect (marriage), poor quality of the metal;
2. Violations of the installation rules during the replacement of the CV joint;
3. Lack of graphite lubricant or its complete absence. Grease can leak out if the boot is damaged while the car is moving;
4. Damaged anthers or their poor quality, as a result of which dirt, sand got on the rubbing elements of the CV joint, which did their "work";
5. Bad roads, bumps, careless driving on a bad road;
6. Natural wear of parts (for example, when a CV joint "dies" on a car in years, there is nothing surprising here).

Signs of a CV joint failure:

1. A characteristic crunch that is heard during the turn. It means not while turning the steering wheel, but while making a turn to the left or to the right.
2. The crunch that is heard when you start moving. It is especially audible when you abruptly start from a place.
3. The presence of play in the joints of the hinge. It is felt during CV joint checks, with the wheel hanging, but more on that later.
4. Jerks during acceleration.

How to check the SHRUS?

1. First way . Turn the steering wheel all the way to the right or left, then shift into gear and try to pull away sharply. If during such a jerk you hear a crunch, most likely the "grenade" is gradually failing, or already needs to be replaced. Listen which way CV joint crunches and get ready to replace it.

1. Second way . We raise the car on a lift or hang it out (a crunch is heard from the other side with the bark). Next, we perform a visual inspection, and also check the backlash. Backlash should not be, well, perhaps the minimum.

1. Third way . We hang out the "front end" or raise the car on a lift. We turn on the first gear or turn on "D". If SHRUS is defective, during the rotation of the wheels you will hear a characteristic distinct crunch.

CV joint replacement- the occupation is not easy, and not everyone can do it, so before how to replace the CV joint with your own hands, it is necessary to realistically assess their capabilities and knowledge in this area. If there is no time and desire, it is better to entrust the replacement of the "grenade" to professionals. They will do the job quickly and efficiently, while you will most likely be given a guarantee for the work done.