21.12.2017 01:00
Winter tires are tires designed specifically for the operation of a vehicle in weather conditions when the air temperature is below +7 C. There are quite a few differences from summer tires, and they are very influential. Driving in winter on summer tires is a risk to your car and your health.
In late autumn or early spring, many motorists go to a tire fitting or service station so that their cars change their shoes to the right rubber. During the time while you drink coffee or tea, the masters will bring the car into proper condition. After that, you need to check if they did everything right! You ask, how can you change the shoes of a car into winter tires incorrectly? Yes, simply, for example, a confused direction of the tread.
How to install winter tires correctly?
Now we will tell you how to put winter tires on correctly.
First rule.
Follow the arrows on your tires, they should be directed towards the car moving forward. Nearby there should be an inscription Rotation. This rule applies to directional tires. On the tire with an asymmetric pattern, there are inscriptions Outside and Inside, which means outside and inside.
What can happen if the wheels are in the wrong direction?
The right pattern is the key to good traction. The drawings are made in such a way that would drain water and better cling to snow or ice. If the tire is pointed in the wrong direction, this will lead to unpredictable behavior of the machine.
When there is light ice, and such a tire hits it, the car will most likely turn around. Or in the liquid (as we usually do in winter), water will not be removed from under the tire, but rather be attracted to the center. As you understand, one side of the car will stop. So approach competently to the question "How to put winter tires correctly."
Second rule.
You need to correctly put the tire on the disk. For example, if the weights are more than 30 grams on the wheel, then you need to optimize the wheel when balancing. And only then pump up and do further manipulations.
What happens if the wheel is not optimized?
This will affect the tire on one side more than the other. Plus small vibrations will interfere.
Third rule.
It is necessary to pump up the wheel to the desired pressure, no more, no less. In this case, traction is guaranteed to be good.
And the fourth rule.
Be sure to check that all mounting bolts are tight. If the installer does not tighten the bolts, you risk losing the wheel on the road.
Perhaps these rules will distract you from drinking tea or coffee, but can save your money or, in special cases, life. This article will help you install winter tires on your car. Take care of your car and you will be happy and peaceful.
There are three types of tire tread pattern: symmetrical, asymmetrical and directional.
An asymmetric tire conditionally consists of two halves: outer and outer, which have their own pattern and arrangement of blocks. To understand which side of the tire should look inside the car, and which outside, there are inscriptions on the sidewall - inside and outside.
Inside (inner) - indicates the inside of the tire;
Outside (out) - indicates the outer side of the tire.
Compliance with the labels is very important, since its functionality depends on the position of the tire on the car: braking performance, handling, noise level, hydroplaning resistance, and so on. For example, the outer side very often has a small stiffening rib that reinforces the tread blocks and retains their shape during high speed maneuvers.
The outer blocks of the tread are interconnected by a stiffener to keep their shape and not deform during the turn. But on the inside, the blocks are not interconnected. Tire asymmetry is not always visible
Some tires have a pronounced tread asymmetry, so the difference is immediately evident.
A tire with a pronounced tread asymmetry. However, for many tires, the difference in tread halves is less significant, and without careful scrutiny, it can be difficult to detect.
Tire with less pronounced (almost imperceptible) tread asymmetry. Correct installation of the outside inside tire
In order for an asymmetric tire to behave correctly on the road, it must be installed in accordance with the marks: outside - out, inside - inside.
It happens that visually the tires on the right and left axles look in different directions, as if they were installed in opposite directions. However, if the tire marks look in the right direction, then the tire is installed correctly on the car.
Tires are labeled outside to the outside. In this case, the right tire “looks” up, and the left one looks down, which gives the impression that the tires are installed in the opposite direction to each other. Outcome
The outside and inside labels are used to indicate which side of the asymmetric tire should face the outside and which should face the inside of the vehicle.
Recently, motorists are increasingly questioning the "correct" installation of "left" and "right" tires. The fact is that with the correct installation of tires on a car, it may seem that the tires are installed the other way around, asymmetrically. Don't be scared - it's normal. That's the way it should be.
Asymmetric non-directional tires do not have a direction of rotation, i.e. can be mounted on any wheel of the car.
The most important…
The most important thing is that on all tires (after they are installed) on you " watched» inscriptions « outside«.
Designations may vary:
side can be marked with the following inscriptions:
1. Internal side:
Side Facing Awards
Mount This Side Inside
Cote Interieur, etc.
2. External side, in turn, will be designated as follows:
Side Facing Outwards
Mount This Side Outside
Cote Exterieur, etc.
An example of marking the outer side of a non-directional asymmetric tire:
Why actually...
The task that the designers of such tires set for themselves was to make two wheels on the axle “work” as ONE.
Asymmetric non-directional tires have been developed to optimize the highly conflicting requirements placed on tires. They must lie flat on a dry road and, at the same time, effectively drain water from the contact zone.
The outside is purposely stiffened to optimize tire performance in high-speed cornering, where quality contact helps minimize tread wear.
The inner side of the tire ensures the stability of the effort at the start and in braking, as well as the effective removal of water from under the wheel.
rotation
During operation, it is also recommended to rearrange asymmetric tires from the front to the rear axle (and vice versa) every 5000-7000 km. Such a rearrangement is carried out in order to completely avoid the risk of uneven tread wear. In doing so, it should be remembered that:
- If the tire has a specified direction of rotation (indicated by arrows on the sidewall and the word "Rotation"), then the tires should be rearranged from the front to the rear axle on the same side of the car (the front right tire is installed at the rear right, the front left - at the rear left) .
- If the direction of movement is not set for the tire, then they can be rearranged crosswise, i.e. put the front right tire in the back left, the front left in the back right, and so on.
Examples of asymmetric non-directional splints
| Brand | Summer | Winter |
| Bridgestone | Potenza RE 001 Adrenalin | Blizzak LM-30 |
| Potenza RE760 Sport | Blizzak LM-35 | |
| Turanza Serenity | ||
| Turanza ER300 | ||
| Continental | ContiEcoContact 3 | ContiVikingContact 5 |
| ContiPremiumContact 2 | ContiCrossContact Viking | |
| ContiSportContact 3 | ContiWinterContact TS 810 | |
| Conti4x4SportContact | Conti4x4WinterContact | |
| ContiCrossContact UHP | ContiWinterContact TS 830 P | |
| Cooper | Zeon CS6 | Discoverer M+S Sport |
| Zeon XTC | ||
| Zeon XSTa | ||
| Dunlop | SP Sport 01 | SP Winter Response |
| SP Sport 3000 | ||
| SP Sport FastResponse | ||
| SP Sport Maxx GT | ||
| SP Sport Maxx TT | ||
| good year | Eagle F1 Asymmetric | Ultra Grip Performance |
| Excellence | ||
| Efficient Grip | ||
| Hankook | Ventus Prime K 105 | Ice Bear W 300 |
| Ventus S1 evo K 107 | Ice Bear W 300A | |
| Kumho | Ecsta X3 KL17 | I`ZEN XW KW15 |
| Ecsta X3 KL17 | I`ZEN XW KW17 | |
| Ecsta KH11 | I`ZEN XW KC15 | |
| Ecsta ASX KU21 | ||
| Michelin | energy saver | Pilot Alpin PA3 |
| Primacy HP | ||
| Pilot Exalto PE2 | ||
| Pilot Sport PS2 | ||
| Latitude Cross | ||
| Latitude Diamaris | ||
| Latitude Sport | ||
| Nokian | Hakka i3 | WR G2 |
| Hakka H | WR G2 SUV | |
| Hakka V | ||
| Hakka Z | ||
| Z G2 | ||
| Hakka C Van | ||
| NRVi SUV | ||
| Hakka Z SUV | ||
| Hakka SUV | ||
| Pirelli | PZero Nero | Winter 190 SottoZero |
| PZero Rosso | Winter 210 SottoZero | |
| P Zero | Winter 240 SottoZero II | |
| Cinturato P7 | Winter 270 SottoZero II | |
| P7 | ||
| Toyo | Proxes CF1 | Snowprox S942 |
| Proxes CF1 SUV | Snowprox S952 | |
| Proxes R33 | Open Country W/T | |
| Yokohama | AVID TRZ S316 | W.Drive V902 |
| Parada Spec-2 PA01 | ||
| C.Drive AC01 |
For an experienced motorist, it will not be difficult to perform such an operation, for beginners - this task will not be an easy one. The lack of practical experience and theoretical skills can be confusing when the question “How to properly put the rubber in the direction of travel” arises. Let's try to figure it out.
Introductory stage
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The beginning of installation work must be preceded by:
Tire varieties
Different types of patterns, depending on the direction, combine tires into groups:
The absence of any information carriers on the tires implies that they do not belong to the category of right-hand and left-hand. In this case, the drawing does not play a decisive role.
The process of mounting tires and wheels
To get started, read the instruction manual. Next, sequential installation operations are carried out.
At the end of the installation of tires on wheels, the wheels are carefully balanced. The operation is performed on a special machine. Its necessity is due to differences in the weight of the various components of the tire, the so-called error. Its presence is dictated by the specific tire manufacturing technology.
In the state of immobility of the wheels, the error is not noticeable, but immediately makes itself felt in the process of movement. The wheel "beats". This deviation is most significant when installing tires on the front wheels.
To eliminate the difference, balancing weights are used, their weight depends on the quality of the mounted tires:
- expensive tire models offer a better product, the difference reaches a minimum level, which requires a meager participation of balancing weights.
- The economy option is less practical in this regard. Manufactured products are produced on obsolete equipment, which leads to a significant error - up to several tens of g. In this case, the number of weights increases significantly.
When working with cheap tires, there are situations of impossibility to balance. In this case, the wheel is mounted on the rear.
Wheel balancing fully confirms the well-known pattern: a low price offers a similar quality, and vice versa. Such difficulties lead to imperfections, which provokes the “beating” of the wheel as soon as the car starts moving. Therefore, the balancing procedure should be under the personal control of the owner of the machine (if the work is done in a service center).
Even at the dawn of the automotive industry, when car tires were made of natural rubber, which melted in the sun and hardened from frost, designers and manufacturers thought about something more perfect. After all, such tires are not far removed from the wheel on a horse-drawn cart. As a result, technologies have evolved, oil processing methods have improved, times have changed.
In 1927, among other things, the Soviet scientist Sergei Vasilievich Lebedev, synthetic rubber was obtained, which became the progenitor of the material of modern tires. But such a material did not become a panacea, in addition to the rubber itself providing high performance properties for tires, the shape and profiles of the tire were also important. Subsequently, the tire treads became flat, in order to provide a large area with the road, which means stability on the road. In addition, they have a protector. At the same time, in some cases, the tire tread required a certain installation of tires, according to their rotation. It is about these very installation cases, as well as what will happen if the tires are installed incorrectly, that we will describe in our article.
Tire rotation direction or tire tread types
If you pay attention to the treads of tires that drive around your city, then most attentive people will surely see that tires are different. In one case, the tread pattern is like a checkerboard, just squares, in the other there is a strict direction, relative to the transverse axis of the wheel, and symmetrical. And, in the end, the orientation relative to this axis is asymmetric. That is, we can say about the banal, very well-known fact that tire treads are: directional and non-directional. Moreover, the welded tire tread can be symmetrical or asymmetric.
(Classification of tire type based on tread type)
So why do manufacturers bother to perform this pattern, what role does it play when using tires? After all, all this is clearly not only for the sake of beauty.
Installing tires relative to the tread on the tire
We will start with the case when the protector is non-directional. In this case, there is no need to talk about the correct installation of the tire, regarding where it should rotate. One way or the other, it doesn't matter. Another thing is when the protector is directional.
For a car enthusiast - an average person who does not want to delve into the essence of the matter, everything is simple. Look at the marking on the rim "ROTATION", which translates from English as rotation, and put the tire on the car in accordance with the rotation of the wheel in the direction of the car moving forward.
Or marking "outside" (outer side) ...
For those who want to know why the tire should be stopped in this way and not otherwise, and what may be affected by incorrect installation of the tire, we will tell the following.
The direction of the tread on the tire is designed to remove liquid, dirt, snow porridge from under it, that is, everything that has a low viscosity. At the same time, this withdrawal is necessary in order to avoid the so-called hydroplaning effect. That is, to prevent the loss of contact between the road and the rubber. Why this very contact is needed, we will not explain. Let's talk about how the directional tread removes all this from under the contact patch of the tire with the road.
How a Properly Installed Directional Tire Reduces Hydroplaning
Here you can talk and explain for a long time. But it is better, as they say, to see once. We made a gif especially for you. Take a look.
Essentially, the tread works like the vanes on a centrifugal pump when it pumps water, except that the driving force here is not centrifugal force, but the force from squeezing water into the grooves of the tread. The force is generated each time the tire hits the fluid it is supposed to expel. So water, dirt, wet snow is squeezed out into the groove and discharged out. The wheel rotates further, and new water is again squeezed out into the groove in the direction of the car. Due to the removal of this "grease", the contact between the tire and the road is improved, which entails a safer ride. It's all so simple and logical. Here I want to talk about the direction of the drawing. As we have already said, you can pay attention to the ROTATION marking, or you can look at the picture.
(tire installed correctly)
So, the tread grooves should always move away from the contact patch of the tire with the road towards the back of the car, if you look at the wheels from above on the left. And the opposite situation for the wheels on the right. In this case, you can not look for the markings on the rim. I looked at the tread pattern and put a tire on the car according to the pattern.
What happens if the directional tire is installed in the wrong direction
Here everything is according to the logic of what is happening, but in reverse order. If everything under our wheels (dirt, sleet, water) is more difficult to squeeze out, since the grooves will be directed to the intake of all this environment, then in fact it will turn out that excess pressure will form in the center of the tire, in the contact patch. It will try to raise the tire, which contributes to the deterioration of rubber grip. By itself, this is not safe.
However, if we talk about a dry road, when there is no water on the street, or it is frosty and just snowing, then the presence of such grooves that drain water, slurry, in fact, does not oblige to anything. Also, such grooves will not affect the situation with limited speed, about 5-20 km/h.
Summing up about the correct and incorrect installation of directional tires on the machine
So, the direction of the tread grooves on the tire was invented not just for beauty. If they are, then it is better to use them. The directional grooves of the tread contribute to the removal of the liquid medium from under the wheel and thereby improve the contact between the rubber and the road. Therefore, pay attention to the correct installation of the tire. When installing a tire, you need to pay attention to its tread. At the same time, such a statement applies not only to the one who puts an already wrapped wheel on the car, but also to the mechanics who install the tire on the rim. After all, the car must have two wheels on the left side and two on the right. Nothing else!
Well, about the case when everything is operated with incorrectly installed tires. If it's dry outside, it won't make any difference. If it’s not slushy outside, it’s raining, then be extremely careful. It will be very difficult to get the car out of hydroplaning, and you can not talk about the sad results. You yourself know all about it without us.
