Where is the speedometer cable located on the VAZ 2114. Why the speedometer does not work on four: we check the speed sensor

17.10.2019

Salon

Substitution procedure speed sensor on VAZ 2114

To measure the speed while driving, cars with internal combustion engines equipped with carburetors were equipped with a mechanically driven speedometer. This drive unit located in the checkpoint building. Through a rotating cable, the readings were sent to the speed indicator, located on the dashboard. Electric speedometers were installed on the VAZ 2114 with an injector. Speed data is transmitted to them from speed sensors based on new principles of action. Modern DCs use the Hall effect.

Speed sensor VAZ 2114

Connection procedure and possible malfunctions of the VAZ 2114 speed sensor

DS on the VAZ 2114 is installed in the speedometer drive socket in the upper part of the manual transmission housing. It has access both from above, with the hood open, and from below the car, when it is installed on a viewing hole.

DS does several functions, such as:

transmission of data to the speedometer about the speed of the vehicle
support for the normal activities of the IAC
transmitting signals to the ECU to maintain the speed corresponding to the driving mode

In connection with the tasks performed, it is connected to the controller and speedometer through the mounting block in the engine department. In the electronic circuit, the DS is activated through a fuse installed in the cab, on the stove fan relay.

In case of defects in the strips of the speed sensor, the following signals light up on the display of the on-board car:

P0500 - this error informs about the absence of a signal from the DS
P0503 - this error occurs on the screen with an unbalanced, intermittent signal from the DS

The occurrence of similar errors encourages the driver to pay attention to this area in the electrical circuit of the motor, and often their prerequisite is the absence or oxidation of contacts. Nevertheless, if secondary signs of DS failure appear, then it becomes necessary to check or replace it. Such signs may include:

unbalanced operation or complete failure of the speed indicator on the dashboard
floating speed at low gas, there may be a self-shutdown of the motor
excessive fuel consumption
reduced unit power

These signs can also appear in case of failures in other vehicle systems, for example, in the fuel system, but if an error appears on the computer screen and any of the listed signs, the operation of the DS should be checked at the same time.

First you need to check the presence of contacts in the circuits and on the devices, as well as the integrity of the wiring in the DS electronic circuit by ringing it.
To check the sensor without removing it, you need to install the car on a flat area, fix it with mechanical blocks and use a jack to raise the left front wheel. Connect the voltmeter prepared in advance to the contacts of the DC and rotate the raised wheel with your hands. While spinning the wheel, you need to watch the readings of the voltmeter. If the voltage and frequency shown by the device grow in accordance with the wheel speed, then sensor workable.
It is not required to remove the DS and with one more method. A "control light" is prepared in advance. With the help of a jack, the left wheel is raised and the contact wires of the “control” are connected to the contacts of the DS. If the light comes on when the wheel is spinning, then the DS is working.
If you resort to the third method, then in this case you need to remove the sensor and check the input and output voltage with a voltmeter.

Replacement speedometer drives VAZ 2109/14 and their modifications

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Speedometer drive 2110 2115

Video abstract by speed sensor replacement on cars VAZ 2110-2112 with injection engine. Personal experience….

Replacement do-it-yourself speed sensor VAZ 2114

After the contacts, wires and the DS itself have been tested and it has been established that the device does not work, a decision must be made to replace it. For a car owner who is not a car repair specialist, this work is easy to do, but, nevertheless, you need to look into the department for the repair and operation of the car and see how to change the speed sensor on the VAZ 2114.

Specifically, before work, you need to prepare the right tool. Keys for "10", "14" and "21" will come in handy. In addition, you will need a rag in order to clean the manual transmission housing in the DS area from dirt and oil.

You also need to purchase a new speed sensor for the VAZ 2114 in advance. It has a catalog number - 2111-3843010. Average cost per sensor speed 2114 about three hundred rubles.

On the VAZ 2114, the replacement of the speed sensor is likely from above, without entering the pit. But the adsorber, the inlet corrugated pipe from the air filter make it inconvenient for work. Even if you remove them, it will still not be so easy to unscrew the DS. Experienced specialists advise to go to the pit. DS will be in full swing. It is located on the box body above the cardan backstage next to the dipstick for checking the oil level in the box.

It is required to drive into the pit in advance to allow the motor housing to cool. It's best to open the hood. So the lighting will be better and the engine will cool faster. Disconnect battery.
Find DS at the checkpoint, clean the surface of the box around the sensor with a rag and release the contacts by removing the block with wires from them. For earlier, you need to press the spring latch.
DS turns counterclockwise. If this does not work out with your fingers, then you need to use the key on "21".
After removing the DS, you need to check the drive of the VAZ 2114 speed sensor. If the stem is broken, then you need to remove the entire drive.
Unscrew the nut with a “10” wrench and remove it together with the washer.
Using the ring key on "14" loosen drive unit in the socket, then carefully remove the drive. It is necessary to look so that the rod does not fall out inside the box, otherwise it will have to be removed and disassembled.
After removing the drive, it is imperative to check the condition of the sealing ring and, if necessary, change it.
After replacing the stem, install the drive in the reverse order.
Carefully install the new DS by rotating it clockwise.

This must be done with care, because its body is made of plastic and can be damaged during installation. There is such a negative experience, in all instructions, experts warn about observing precautions when installing a DS so that you do not have to interrupt repairs and go to the store for a new sensor.

After the DS is screwed in, it is necessary to connect the terminals with wires to its contacts. The accuracy of the connection of the contacts must be checked, because because of such a trifle the device will not work.

So the DS has been replaced. After that, you need to check the operation of the engine and speedometer in all modes and make sure that the new DS is operating normally.

To measure the speed while driving, cars with internal combustion engines equipped with carburetors were equipped with a speedometer with a mechanical drive. This drive was located in the gearbox housing. Through a rotating cable, the readings were sent to the speed indicator, which was located on the dashboard. Electronic speedometers were installed on the VAZ 2114 with an injector. Speed data is transmitted to them from speed sensors based on new operating principles. Modern DCs use the Hall effect.

Connection procedure and possible malfunctions of the VAZ 2114 speed sensor

DS performs several functions, such as:

transmission of data to the speedometer about the speed of the vehicle
support for the normal operation of the IAC
transmitting signals to the ECU to maintain the speed corresponding to the driving mode

In connection with the tasks performed, it is connected to the controller and the speedometer via a mounting block in the engine compartment. In the electrical circuit, the DS is activated through a fuse installed in the cab, on the stove fan relay.

In case of malfunctions in the speed sensor line, the following signals light up on the screen of the vehicle's on-board computer:

P0500 - this error informs about the absence of a signal from the DS
P0503 - this error appears on the display with an unstable, intermittent signal from the DS

The appearance of such errors encourages the driver to pay attention to this area in the electrical circuit of the engine, and often their cause is the absence or oxidation of contacts. However, if secondary signs of DS failure appear, then it becomes necessary to check or replace it. Such signs may include:

unstable operation or complete failure of the speed indicator on the dashboard
floating speed at low gas, possible self-shutdown of the engine
increased fuel consumption
reduced power unit

These signs can also appear in case of failures in other vehicle systems, for example, in the fuel system, however, if an error occurs on the computer display and any of the listed signs, the operation of the DS should be checked at the same time.

The first step is to check the presence of contacts in the circuits and on the devices, as well as the integrity of the wiring in the electric circuit of the DS, by ringing it.
To check the sensor without removing it, you need to install the car on a flat area, fix it with mechanical blocks and use a jack to raise the left front wheel. Connect the voltmeter prepared in advance to the contacts of the DC and rotate the raised wheel with your hands. During the spin-up of the wheel, it is necessary to monitor the readings of the voltmeter. If the voltage and frequency shown by the device grow in accordance with the wheel speed, then the sensor is operational.
It is not required to remove the DS and with one more method. A “control light” is prepared in advance. With the help of a jack, the left wheel rises and the contact wires of the “control” are connected to the contacts of the DS. If the light comes on when the wheel is spinning, then the DS is working.
If you resort to the third method, then in this case it is necessary to remove the sensor and check the input and output voltage with a voltmeter.

Do-it-yourself replacement of the VAZ 2114 speed sensor

After the contacts, wires and the DS itself have been checked and it has been established that the device does not work, it is necessary to make a decision to replace it. For a car enthusiast who is not a car repair specialist, this work is not difficult, but, nevertheless, you need to look into the repair and operation manual of the car and see how to change the speed sensor on the VAZ 2114.

Immediately before work, you need to prepare the necessary tool. You will need keys for "10", "14" and "21". In addition, you will need a rag in order to clean the manual transmission housing in the DS area from dirt and oil.

You also need to buy a new speed sensor for the VAZ 2114 in advance. It has a catalog number - 2111-3843010. The average price for a speed sensor 2114 is about three hundred rubles.

On the VAZ 2114, the replacement of the speed sensor is possible from above, without entering the pit. But the adsorber, the inlet corrugated pipe from the air filter create inconvenience for work. Even if you remove them, it may still not be so easy to unscrew the DS. Experienced experts recommend to call on the pit. DS will be in full view. It is located on the gearbox housing above the cardan backstage next to the dipstick for checking the oil level in the box.

It is required to drive into the pit in advance to allow the engine housing to cool. It's best to open the hood. So the lighting will be better and the engine will cool down faster. Disconnect battery.
Find DS at the checkpoint, clean the surface of the box around the sensor with a rag and release the contacts by removing the block with wires from them. First you need to press the spring clip.
DS is unscrewed counterclockwise. If you can’t do this with your fingers, then you need to use the key on “21”.
After removing the DS, it is necessary to check the drive of the VAZ 2114 speed sensor. If the stem is broken, then you need to pull out the entire drive.
Unscrew the nut with a “10” wrench and pull it out together with the washer.
Using a spanner wrench on “14”, loosen the drive in the socket, then carefully pull the drive out. It is necessary to ensure that the stem does not fall out into the box, otherwise it will have to be removed and disassembled.
After removing the actuator, it is imperative to check the condition of the sealing ring and, if necessary, replace it.
After replacing the stem, install the actuator in reverse order.
Carefully install the new DS by rotating it clockwise.

This must be done with care, because its body is made of plastic and can be damaged during installation. There is such a negative experience, in all instructions, experts warn about observing precautions when installing a DS so that you do not have to interrupt repairs and go to the store for a new sensor.

After the DS is screwed in, it is necessary to connect the terminals with wires to its contacts. The accuracy of the connection of the contacts must be checked, because because of such a trifle the device will not work.

So the DS has been replaced. After that, you need to check the operation of the engine and speedometer in all modes and make sure that the new DS is operating normally.

The designs of modern vehicles have a large number of different electronic devices. One of these devices is the speed sensor, or DS, as it is called for short. From the earlier determination of the speed of movement, which was a design of gearboxes and a flexible shaft, a different principle is used in the DS. They have already undergone two upgrades to their design. Today, third-generation sensors are successfully coping with their functions.

ABOUT DESIGN AND OPERATING PRINCIPLE

If the first and second versions of the DS still had gears and a flexible cable in their design, then the latest version of the devices is purely electronic. Its design is based on the Hall effect. This is the use of the interaction of electric and magnetic fields. This interaction causes a potential difference in the semiconductor plate, which is called the Hall voltage.

The practical application of this effect is achieved by the fact that the speedometer sensor converts the rotary motion from the drive into electrical impulses. There will be 6004 of them per kilometer of the way. By the duration of the intervals between these pulses, the controller determines the actual speed of the machine.

The speed sensor drive delivers the most problems to owners. It is a gear pair, which is made of plastic, and quite often the stem or gear fails. A drive of this design was installed on earlier releases of cars that use a flexible cable and a speedometer. Later, instead of a cable, they began to install a speed sensor for an electronic speed measurement unit.

If you don’t know where the VAZ 2114 speed sensor is located, then take a closer look at the power unit in the area of \u200b\u200bthe right CV joint. It is located in the upper part of the gearbox housing next to the oil control dipstick. The drive is fastened with a nut, which is unscrewed with a key to “10”.

The actuator must be removed and installed with care so that the stem does not fall into the inside of the box. Otherwise, you will have to learn to remove and install, as well as assemble and disassemble. Repair of the speed sensor is possible in the event that a malfunction occurs in the DS drive.

ABOUT DS TROUBLE SYMPTOMS

The arrow of the speedometer lying at "zero" or the absence of readings from the electrospeedometer already suggest that it will be necessary. Cars with an electronic speedometer may also have the following:

Increased gasoline consumption;
Reduced motor power;
The idle speed of the engine disappears.

These signs can also occur if other sensors in the engine performance system fail. Therefore, diagnostics and troubleshooting must be carried out carefully. When diagnosed by the on-board computer, error P0500 or P0503 may pop up. They relate directly to the DS and its circuits.

To be sure, a performance check of this DS can be carried out. To do this, the drive is released from the wires or flexible cable, the front wheel is hung out and the engine is started. Do not forget to put stops under the rear wheels. Turn on the transmission and watch the sensor. If the stem rotates, then the drive is in good condition. You should look for a malfunction in the DS, flexible cable or speed indicator.

For electronic speed indicators, checking the health of the wiring with a device such as a tester or multimeter remains a pressing issue. Three wires are connected to the sensor. One of them is connected to the machine body, in a different way, power is supplied to the sensor, and the third gives a response signal to the control unit.

The presence of input and output voltage is possible, and in its absence, a light bulb with two soldered wires. You need to find the wire through which the signal from the sensor passes, and connect one wire of the device or light bulb. The second wire is connected to the positive terminal of the battery. The next step is to rotate the posted front wheel with the ignition on. If the sensor is working, the light will flash. The faster the wheel spins, the more frequently the light flashes.

It happens that a connector with wires is disconnected or one or more conductors break, which are not fixed and are in “free flight” in the engine compartment. If there are no problems with the wires, the VAZ 2114 speed sensor will need to be replaced.

HOW TO REPLACE THE SENSOR

Diagnostics carried out independently or by specialists confirmed the initial diagnosis that the sensor failed. In this case, the speed of the VAZ 2115. This operation does not require special knowledge and may well be done by hand in a garage or other convenient place. Let's talk about how to change the VAZ 2114 speed sensor. For this work, you need to prepare a tool:

Wrench on "10";
Key on "21";
Ring key on "14".

This work is best done on a cold engine. It will be possible not to be afraid to burn your hands on hot engine units.

The replacement order will be something like this:

Open the hood and disconnect the terminals from the battery;
We are looking for a dipstick that checks the oil level in the box, and next to it is a DS;
For convenient replacement, you can disconnect and take aside the adsorber;
DC connector with wiring. To do this, you need to press the spring retainer with your fingers, and it can be easily removed;
By moving the hand counterclockwise, the DS is turned out. Do this very carefully so as not to damage its body, made of plastic. If there are difficulties, then try to do this with the key on "21".
, carefully inspect the drive, its stem;

Upon detection of its breakdown, the stem is replaced with a new product. Installing a new sensor is done in the reverse order of removal. sensor will not cause any particular difficulties. The main thing in this case will be to correctly combine the square shank with the same hole. Then they connect the connector with wiring to its place, and you can check its operation.

A LITTLE ABOUT SENSOR SELECTION

Experienced drivers and specialists recommend installing a DS, in which the shank is made of metal. However, for some models, you will have to change the connection connector. The VAZ 2114 six-pulse speed sensor can be without wire, it can have an OST connector with wires, or a round connector with wiring for GM. The cost of such products can be from 150 to 300 rubles.

The speedometer is an important element in cars, as well as several other vehicles, as it is necessary to monitor the speed so as not to violate traffic rules. But this is not the last feature of this device.

All possible speedometers have a high-speed magnetic assembly, due to the rotation of the magnets, a stream is formed, it moves through the coil, thereby contributing to the induction of eddy currents. They, thereby, begin to create more magnetic fields. They act among themselves, the arrow of the device moves along the frequency scale, with the help of this the magnet rotates.

All speedometers are divided into three categories.

Mechanical speedometers.
Electromechanical speedometers.
Electronic speedometers.

Mechanical speedometers. In a speedometer of this type, the process of measuring the speed mode and the indication is due to a mechanical device. A gear is used as sensors, which is connected to the secondary shaft of the gearbox, this is the speed assembly with an arrow pointer and a drum counter. Previously used speedometers in the form of a drum and tape. But they have been discontinued for a long time.

Electromechanical speedometers. In these devices, speed measurement takes place using various electronic or electromechanical sensors that are connected to the gearbox. The speed indication is due to a milliammeter or the speed unit of a mechanical speedometer, and the distance indication is due to a counting drum, which drives a stepper motor.

Electronic speedometers. This is the development of new electromechanical speedometers, the main difference is the replacement of the odometer - in an electronic device it is completely digital.

How to remove the speedometer drive with your own hands - instructions

VAZ 2110

We support the rear wheel chocks, then you need to jack up the front of the car, and then install it on the props.
On models with a speedometer cable drive, remove the mounting pin and disconnect the cable from the gear drive.
Unscrew the fixing bolt and remove it together with the heat shield.
Remove the gear drive from the crankcase and remove it from the seal ring.
The gear can be removed from the gearbox housing, be sure to check the condition of the gear, in case of defects, you need to replace it.
If there are signs of wear or damage to the gear, the condition of the gear should be checked.
To remove the gear, release it from the transmission. Then you need to unscrew the mounting bolt and remove the drive gear housing. Then you should remove the drive gear, remove all shims.

VAZ 2107

Using the “13” wrench, it is necessary to unscrew the bolt of the clamp securing the exhaust pipe of the muffler.
We take the “10” key and unscrew the drive mounting nut.
Using the “13” wrench, unscrew the two nuts securing the cross member.
Then you need to lower the rear of the gearbox.
The pipe section must be shifted to the right and then the speedometer drive must be removed from the crankcase hole.

VAZ 2114

DS is unscrewed counterclockwise.
After the DS was removed, then check the VAZ 2114 speed sensor drive.

Using the key to "10", unscrew the nut and pull it out.
After the drive has been removed, it is necessary to check the condition of the ring and, if necessary, replace it.

VAZ 2115

First you need to remove the pipe with the filter housing from the car.
Clean the surface of the box with a metal brush around the sensor.
Then wash off the dirt with a cleaner and wipe the surface.
We hold the sensor using the key at 22.
The next step is to remove the sensor itself.

Common causes of speedometer drive failure

Long service life - each device has its own lifespan.
Something fell on the sensor and damaged its connection.
The wires have dried up or the contact has simply come off, which prevents the device from working.
A complex design feature of use, an increased amount of moisture and constant pollution of the space under the hood.
Installing a poor quality device or buying a cheap speed sensor without special qualities and characteristics.

The measurement of vehicle speed has long been carried out in a non-mechanical way. The speed sensor is responsible for this, the principle of operation of which is based on the Hall effect. This sensor sends electromagnetic pulses to the controller, on the basis of which the latter calculates the speed of the machine.

The vehicle speed is measured in the following way. The sensor for each kilometer of the distance traveled sends a fixed number of pulses to the controller - 6004. The faster the car moves, the higher the transmission frequency. Thus, the controller calculates the speed from the time interval between pulses.

In addition to its main function, this sensor indirectly helps the car owner save fuel. When the vehicle coasts over 20 km/h, the controller does not open the fuel supply based on the sensor readings.

The VAZ 2114 speed sensor, like on all other cars of the VAZ family, including the VAZ-2109, Kalina, Priore, is located on the gearbox, or rather, on the speedometer drive mechanism. To find it, you need to climb under the hood, it is advisable to remove the adsorber to open up space for yourself (you can do without removing it, but it will be more difficult to get to the speed sensor). From the side of the right inner CV joint, you need to find the wire that goes to the gearbox, it is he who is connected to the speed sensor connector.

Signs of a speed sensor malfunction

If the speed sensor fails, it becomes impossible to measure the speed of the machine, but that's not all. Worse, this causes interruptions in the operation of the motor. The most common symptoms that indicate a malfunction, and which can only be eliminated by replacing it:

the speedometer does not work or gives incorrect readings;
unstable idling;
increased fuel consumption;
the motor stops developing full power.

According to statistics, most often a malfunction is indicated by stopping the engine at idle, when the car is coasting, or when the driver depresses the clutchto change gear. Usually, the Check engine indicator lights up on the instrument panel, and if the car is equipped with an on-board computer, it gives an error code of "24".

If the speed sensor on the Kalina is faulty, a non-working electric power steering and an increased sensitivity of the fuel gauge to the level of gasoline in the tank are added to the number of symptoms.

Causes of speed sensor malfunction

Most often, malfunctions occur when an electrical circuit is broken, so diagnostics should begin with checking the wires and contacts. Oxidized or contaminated contacts must be cleaned and coated with some kind of lubricant, such as Litol.

A possible break in the wires should be looked for near the connector. In this place they are bent and often frayed. You also need to check the integrity of the insulation of the wires in the area of \u200b\u200bthe exhaust manifold. It can melt, after which a short circuit occurs.

The cause of the sensor malfunction may be a worn speedometer cable. Breaks and burrs appear on it over time, which subsequently lead to sensor failure.

How to check the speed sensor on the VAZ-2109

Checking the speed sensor begins with the fact that it turns out that 12 V is supplied to its contacts. Since the principle of its operation is based on the Hall effect, the contact through which the pulse signals pass can only be checked by twisting. The voltage in this case changes in the range from 0.5 V to 10 V.

You can check the device in three ways, for the first two you need a multimeter.

First way

the sensor is removed;
using a multimeter, you need to find out what each contact is responsible for, you need to find a pulse;
the positive probe is connected to the pulse contact, and the negative probe is connected to the car body or engine;
a piece of tube is put on the axis of the sensor and rotates at a low speed, while the voltage is measured with a multimeter: the higher the rotation speed, the higher the pulse frequency and voltage.

The second way (without dismantling)

using a jack, one of the front wheels of the car is hung out;
the multimeter is connected to the sensor wires;
it is necessary to rotate the wheel and control whether impulses appear (if yes, the device is working normally).

The third way (without a multimeter)

In the absence of a measuring device, the test can be performed using a test lamp or a conventional 12-volt light bulb. The procedure is similar to the second method.

the impulse wire is disconnected from the sensor;
with the ignition on, use the test lamp to find the "plus" and "minus";
the wheel is hung out;
the control lamp is connected to the signal wire, the wheel rotates (if the “minus” lights up on the control, the sensor is working).

If there was no control lamp at hand, you can use a 12-volt one (for example, from a turn signal). The wire connects the plus of the battery and the signal contact. If the sensor is working, the light will blink.

If the test showed that the device is working properly, you need to check how its drive works. To do this, the front wheel is hung out. By touch, you need to find the sensor drive. Then you need to rotate the wheel with your foot, and control with your hand whether there is rotation in the drive and whether it is stable.

Replacing the speed sensor on the VAZ-2109

A faulty speed sensor cannot be repaired. Replacement is quick and easy. To work, you need the keys "10" and "21". First of all, the battery is disconnected from the on-board network, then the speed sensor connector is disconnected.

After that, the sensor itself is unscrewed. If its stem breaks, you will have to dismantle the drive. This must be done carefully so as not to drop the broken rod into the gearbox.

Installation is carried out in the reverse order. The actuator rod is inserted into the sensor sleeve, the rubber sealing ring is lubricated with oil, after which the device is screwed into place.

After the replacement has been made, it is necessary to reset the computer errors, otherwise it will still consider the speed sensor to be faulty, and the replacement will not give the desired effect.